| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Braddock — Colonel George Washington Monument |
| | Dedicated July 9, 1930 to Colonel George Washington, who served as aide-de-camp to General Edward Braddock in the Battle of Braddock’s Field around this site July 9, 1755 — Map (db m6147) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Duquesne — Braddock’s Crossing |
| | Below this hill, about midday on July 9, 1755, a British army of 1300 made its second crossing of the river and advanced to drive the French from Fort Duquesne. A few hours later, with General Braddock mortally wounded and his army routed, survivors recrossed, pursued by the French and Indians. — Map (db m6145) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Oakmont — Camp D. D. Gaillard |
| | 15th U.S. Engineers. World War Volunteers. Enlisted at Pittsburgh. Trained here May 23, 1917 to July 8, 1917. Embarked from New York July 9, 1917. England July 19, 1917, to July 23, 1917. First Armed foreign troops to land in England since Sixteenth Century. France July 28, 1917, to April 13, 1819. Debarked at New York, April 27, 1919. Mustered out of service at Camp Sherman May 15, 1929. Pittsburgh’s Pioneer Engineers. — Map (db m137) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Clinton Furnace |
| | Pittsburgh’s first successful blast furnace for making pig iron. Operations began near here, 1859, using Connellsville coke as fuel. The furnace’s technology initiated a new era, leading to more advanced furnaces capable of producing huge amounts of iron and resulting in the modern blast furnace. Clinton Furnace played an important role in establishing Pittsburgh’s dominance in iron and steel making. Operations ended in 1927. — Map (db m15138) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Duquesne Incline |
| | Historic Landmark The Duquesne Incline - 1877Built by Samuel Diescher, Engineer for Kirk Bigham & Associates Pittsburgh History & Landmarks Foundation — Map (db m8859) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Great Strike Ignites the Nation! — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | The Great Strike of 1877 was not exclusive to Pittsburgh. The first signs of what would become a popular uprising appeared on the B&O Line in Baltimore, on July 16th 1877. Unrest in Baltimore was initially suppressed. The next day, however, trainmen in Martinsburg, West Virginia went on strike. News from Martinsburg helped to re-ignite the flame of discontent in Baltimore. Citizens rose up in support of workers and met violent opposition from the Maryland National Guard.
Within a week, the . . . — Map (db m26106) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Pat the Avenger Returns Fire — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | In The Great Strike of 1877, a labor dispute between workers and the Pennsylvania Railroad Company set off a popular uprising. The Philadelphia militia shot into an unarmed crowd on July 21st and then took shelter in the roundhouse at 26th Street. On the morning of July 22nd they marched eastward, retreating from the city. By then, thousands of citizens had raided arms and ammunition shops — preparing themselves to avenge the dead and defend their community. The people of Pittsburgh fired . . . — Map (db m26113) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Pittsburgh Glass Works |
| | First glass factory in Pittsburgh was established on this site by James O'Hara and Isaac Craig in 1797. It manufactured bottles and window glass until the 1880s. A precursor of Pittsburgh's rise as the nation's largest glass producer. — Map (db m8688) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Safe Haven Denied at Allegheny Arsenal — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | In the Great Strike of 1877, a labor dispute between workers and the Pennsylvania Railroad Company set off a popular uprising. Militiamen were called in to put down the strike and clashed with disgruntled citizens. On the second day of the conflict, the Philadelphia militia retreated eastward, pursued by angry Pittsburgh residents.
Fleeing the city, the troops sought refuge at the Allegheny US Arsenal, which once stood at this location. Looking for safe-haven and reinforcements, the troops . . . — Map (db m26213) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Seige at the 26th Street Roundhouse — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | On July 21st 1877, the Philadelphia militia fired into a vocal crowd of striking Pennsylvania trainmen and sympathizers. Twenty people were killed, including at least three children. Many more were wounded. Following the attack, the militia retreated to the roundhouse at 26th Street and Liberty Avenue as family, friends and neighbors prepared to avenge the dead.
While the tired and hungry militia hunkered down inside, a howling mob began to assemble outside the roundhouse. Accompanied by . . . — Map (db m26111) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — State Violence Incites Rioting — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | On July 20th, 1877, striking railroad workers in Pittsburgh successfully stopped trains from leaving the freight yard in the Strip District. The sheriff was called upon to clear the tracks by railroad officials, anxious to regain control of their lines. Already, many local police and militia had joined the crowd of friends and neighbors in support of the strike. Knowing that local militiamen would not use force against their own community, the sheriff requested assistance from the Philadelphia . . . — Map (db m26109) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — The Desperate and the Decadent — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | The Great Strike of 1877 was instigated by a ten percent cut in workmen’s wages on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad—one cut of many since the panic of 1873. The industry at large had experienced significant wage cuts and lay offs. By 1877, three million people, or 27% of eligible workers, were unemployed. Two fifths of the employed were on the job only 6 to 7 months of the year. As railroad companies downsized, the demands placed on the remaining workforce intensified. On July 19, 1877, . . . — Map (db m26108) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — The Empty Pocket Pays — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | In 1877, The Pennsylvania Railroad Company (PRR) was the largest corporation in the world. In that year the PRR, like railroads across the country, instituted massive lay-offs and wage cuts—reportedly due to declining profits. When workers on the B&O Railroad struck in July of 1877, the sentiment quickly spread to the PRR. In cities, like Pittsburgh, trains barreled through the middle of densely populated neighborhoods, creating pollution and posing a major safety hazard. The seething . . . — Map (db m26104) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — The Menace of the Iron Horse — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | Between 1865 and 1880, the railroad system grew rapidly, tripling in size and connecting urban areas throughout the country. Generally unchecked, railroad tracks cut through the heart of cities, with little concern for the best interests of residents and local business. Thirty-five-ton locomotives barreled down densely populated streets that ten years earlier saw only foot traffic and horse-drawn buggies. In 1876 alone, the Erie Railroad reported 61 deaths and 53 injuries among non-railroad . . . — Map (db m26110) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Twenty Murdered and a City Rises Up — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | A pivotal moment in The Great Strike happened here, on July 21st, 1877. Striking railroad workers blocked the tracks, while their families and supporters looked on from the hillside. Militiamen were brought in from Philadelphia to clear the workers from the tracks and restore train service. At about 5pm, they fixed bayonets and charged the unmoving crowd, which fought back by throwing stones. The troops subsequently opened fire on the striking workmen, and turned their guns on women and . . . — Map (db m26112) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Who Was the Howling Mob? — Great Railroad Strike of 1877 |
| | In 1877, the population of Pittsburgh was approximately 120,000. It is estimated that 30,000 people — a full quarter of the city's population — participated in The Great Strike and the rioting that ensued. Roughly half of the rioters were unemployed, this statistic points to the widespread participation of women, children, and adolescent boys. However, the privileged class that controlled the media went to great lengths to portray the rioters as shiftless drifters, tramps and . . . — Map (db m26107) |
| Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), West View — West View Memorial |
| | This memorial is dedicated in sincere tribute to the living and dead whose valiant efforts and unselfish sacrifices have made America great. God grant that the liberty of humanity, won only by brave souls and vigilantly guarded, shall live on with increased strength and spirit, perpetuated for all ages to come. — Map (db m8726) |
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