| Georgia (Catoosa County), Beaumont — Leet's Spring and Tanyard — Chickamauga Campaign Heritage Trail |
| | Arthur I. Leet was a Methodist clergyman who also had widespread commercial interests. He established a mill and large tanyard near the spring before the war.
These facilities were widely used by local citizens, and the site became a landmark that was used by both armies during the Chickamauga Campaign..
Confederate cavalry under General John Pegram camped at the site on September 12, 1863. During the night they came under a surprise attack from Colonel John T. Wilder’s Mounted . . . — Map (db m13215) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Fort Oglethorpe — 21st Ohio Infantry |
| | [Front Inscription]
21st. Ohio
Infantry,
Sirwell's
Bridgade
Negley's
Division,
14th.Army
Corps.
[Back Plaque]
This regimental, Lt. Col. Dwella M. Stoughton commanding, engaged the enemy late Sept. 19th, 1863, east of Dyer's Field, remaining there till 10:30 A.M. Sept. 20th, then moved to this ridge. Being armed chiefly with Colt's revolving rifles, it maintained for a time, an extended line supported only by detachments of other regiments. About 2:30 . . . — Map (db m19998) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Fort Oglethorpe — 21st Regiment — Ohio Infantry |
| | 21st Regiment
Ohio Infantry
Sirwell's
Brigade
5:30 P.M.
September 19th
to 9:00 A.M.
September 20th
1863 — Map (db m20001) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Fort Oglethorpe — 22nd Michigan - Infantry |
| | [Front Side of Marker]
22nd Michigan - Infantry
1st Brigade - 1st Division - Reserve Corps.
[Reverse Side of Marker]
Michigan
To her Twenty-Second Regiment of Infantry
Commanded
By Colonel Heber LeFavour, Lieut. Colonel William Sanborn,
Captain Alonzo M. Keeler
Whitaker’s Brigade, Steedman’s Division, Granger’s Corps.
This monument marks the position where the Regiment performed
It’s most important service, Sept. 20th, 1863.
Engaged 455, Killed . . . — Map (db m24410) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Fort Oglethorpe — 74th Ohio Infantry — 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division. — 14th Army Corps. |
| | [Front side of Marker]
74th Ohio Infantry
3rd Brigade, 2nd Division.
14th Army Corps.
[Reverse side of Marker]
This regiment, Capt. Joseph Fisher commanding, took this position on the evening of Sept. 19th, 1863, and occupied it till 9:00 A.M. of Sept. 20th, when it moved to the left and rear under order of its Division Commander. It was only for a short time engaged in the action.
Its loss in the Campaign was 1 killed, 2 wounded and 6 missing, which . . . — Map (db m24227) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Fort Oglethorpe — 84th Regiment |
| | 84th Regiment
Indiana Infantry
1st Brigade-Whitaker
1st Division-Steedman
Reserve Corps-Granger — Map (db m24213) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Fort Oglethorpe — VanDerveer’s Brigade. |
| | VanDerveer’s Brigade.
Brannan’s Division……………Thomas' Corps
Col. Ferdinand VanDerveer
Sept. 20, 1863. 2:30 to 7:30 P.M.
87th Indiana……………………………Col. Newell Gleason
2nd Minnesota………………………….Col. James George
9th Ohio………………………………..Col. Gustave Kammerling
35th Ohio………………………………Lieut. Col. Henry V. Boynton
4th U.S. Battery 1……………………....Lieut. Frank G. Smith
This Brigade arrived from its engagement in the Kelly Field at 2:30 P.M. It advanced to this crest strengthening the Union . . . — Map (db m24215) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Fort Oglethorpe — War Comes to the Brothertons — The great battle raged around this family farm |
| | At the time of the Battle of Chickamauga, George and Mary Brotherton and their children lived in a log house here. In the surrounding fields they grazed cattle and grew corn and hay. To escape the battle, some of the Brothertons and other local families took refuge in a ravine about a mile from here. There they endured hunger and cold, and prayed for their boys serving in the Confederate army.
Tom Brotherton, one of the sons, played a key role in the battle. Because Tom “knew every . . . — Map (db m24222) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Fort Oglethorpe — 647 — Whitaker’s Brigade. |
| | Whitaker’s Brigade.
Steedman’s Division......Granger’s Corps.
Brig. Gen. Walter C. Whitaker.
Sept. 20, 1863. 2 to 6 P.M.
96th Illinois………………………Col. Thomas E. Champion
115th Illinois……………………..Col. Jesse H. Moore
84th Indiana…………………...…Col. Nelson Trusler
22nd Michigan…………………...Col. Heber LeFavour
22nd Michigan…………………...Lieut. Col. William Sanborn
22nd Michigan…………………...Capt. Alonzo Keeler
40th Ohio………………………...Lieut. Col. William Jones
89th Ohio………………...………Col. Caleb . . . — Map (db m24030) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Indian Springs — 023-6 — Old Federal Road |
| | For the last eight miles this highway has followed closely the course of the Old Federal Road northeast Georgia’s earliest vehicular thoroughfare and first postal route. It led this way from the southeast Cherokee boundry, in the direction of Athens, Georgia, via Tate, Talking Rock, Spring Place and Ringgold, running toward Nashville, Tennessee. The Indians granted formal rights to open the trace in the 1805 Treaty of Tellico, Tennessee. Another prong of the route led toward Ramhurst, toward . . . — Map (db m12173) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — "General" |
| | This Tablet marks the spot at which the
LOCOMOTIVE "GENERAL"
Was Abandoned by Andrews Raiders
Afternoon of April 12th, 1862
Capt. Jas.J. Andrews , with twenty volunteers from Sill's Brigade, Mitchell's Corps, U.S.A. and a citizen of Kentucky, all dressed as civilians, captured the "General" at Big Shanty, April 12,1862, while the train crew and passengers were taking breakfast. The purpose of the capture was to destroy the bridges on the Western & Atlantic R.R. , and thereby cut . . . — Map (db m20232) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-5 — 4th Corps' Route to Tunnel Hill |
| | May 7, 1864. The 4th A.C., marching from Catoosa Springs, moved S. on this road to Tunnel Hill - Stanley’s div. in advance, followed by Wood & Newton;
Maj. Gen. O.O. Howard, commanding. The march was opposed by outposts of Wheeler’s cav. - the road obstructed by felled timber. This move, together with the march of Palmer’s 14th A.C. on direct rd. from Ringgold to Tunnel Hill, was the beginning of hostilities in the Campaign for
Atlanta. Wheeler’s cav., driven from Tunnel Hill, withdrew to . . . — Map (db m13609) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — Actions At Ringgold — Chickamauga Campaign Heritage Trail |
| | On September 11, 1863 Federal forces from Van Cleve’s Division of the 21st Army Corps of the Army of the Cumberland invaded Ringgold from the west. At the same time, Colonel John T. Wilder’s Mounted Infantry Brigade invaded from the north. A few Confederate cavalrymen made a token resistance and fell back through Ringgold Gap. As Van Cleve’s men rushed into Ringgold, they encountered civilians who were attempting to get out of the town ahead of the advancing army. Many of the people had placed . . . — Map (db m12020) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — Atlanta Campaign — Ringgold Gap — May 7, 1864 |
| | National Historic Site Atlanta Campaign Ringgold Gap May 7, 1864 Here, through Ringgold Gap, a Federal advance position, Sherman and his army moved forward to begin the campaign against Atlanta and the heart of the South. The Confederate defense, well conceived and ably executed, delayed the march to the sea and the eventual division of the Confederacy — Map (db m12195) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-15 — Battle of Chickamauga — <--- 9 mi. ---<<<< |
| | Nine miles west of here on Saturday and Sunday, September 19th and 20th, 1863, the bloody battle of Chickamauga was fought. Here, Federal forces of about 60,000 under Major-General William S. Rosecrans, U.S.A., fought the two day battle with Confederates, numbering about 66,000 under General Braxton Bragg, C.S.A. Federal losses were about 16,179, Confederate losses were about 17,804. It was a bloody victory for the Confederacy from which it never recovered. — Map (db m19249) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-4 — Campaign for Atlanta Began Here |
| | The 4th A.C., marching from Cleveland, Tenn. reached Catoosa Springs May 4, 1864. The 23d A.C., via Cleveland & Red Clay, camped in this vicinity. Both corps moved S. from these positions toward Dalton, May 7. The 4th A.C. went by direct rd. to Tunnel Hill; the 23d to Crow Valley, E. of Rocky Face. The elevated ground N. is the site of the Dr. Lee house. Observing the initial troop movements from the yard of the Lee house, were officers of the Federal high command: Sherman, Thomas, Schofield, Howard, Newton, Stanley, & Cox. — Map (db m13611) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-1 — Catoosa County |
| | Created December 5, 1853, the county has an Indian name. Ringgold bears the name of Major Samuel Ringgold, who died of wounds received at the Mexican War battle of Palo Alto in 1846. Taylor’s Ridge, visible for miles, is named for the Indian chief Richard Taylor. Catoosa Springs, four miles to the east, and Gordon Springs, ten miles south, were colorful ante-bellum summer resorts.
The bloody Chickamauga battle was fought seven miles to the west, the battlefield now being a National Military Park. — Map (db m19268) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-13 — Catoosa Springs Confederate Hospitals |
| | In 1862-1863 several Confederate hospitals were located here. The sick and wounded Confederate soldiers drank of the health-giving waters of the several mineral springs in this area. Drinking this mineral water and bathing in it enable many sick soldiers to return to duty. Early in October 1863 these hospitals were abandoned to prevent capture by Federal forces. A skirmish took place here May 3, 1864. Part of the 4th Army Corps [US], under General Howard camped here May 4th, 5th, and 6th, 1864. — Map (db m13610) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-14 — Confederate Hospitals |
| | Here in 1862-1863 were located several Confederate hospitals - The Foard, The General, The Bragg, and The Buckner. The Courthouse, Napier's Hotel, two
Churches, several warehouses, and temporary buildings were also used as hospitals. More than 20,000 sick and wounded Confederates passed through these hospitals, men from every Confederate State. After the Battle of Chickamauga food became so scarce that mule meat was fed to these sick and wounded men. Gallant women of this community served in . . . — Map (db m12196) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-2 — Nickajack Gap |
| | The road E. ascends Taylor’s Ridge & via Nickajack Gap, crosses E. Chickamauga Cr. Valley. May 7, 1864. Brig. Gen. Judson Kilpatrick’s (3d) Div., Elliott’s Cav. Corps (Army of the Cumberland) [US], moving from Ringgold, crossed Taylor’s Ridge at Nickajack Gap, followed by Williams’ (1st) Div., 20th Corps. The 2d & 3d Divs. crossed the ridge 4.5 mi. S. at Gordon Springs Gap, the same day. Kilpatrick’s Cav. masked the advance of the 20th A.C. into E. Chickamauga Valley, enroute to Mill Cr. Gap . . . — Map (db m19394) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-7 — Old Federal Road |
| | This highway is part of the Old Federal Road, an early thoroughfare that linked Georgia and west Tennessee across the Indian Country. It began on the southeast boundary of the Cherokees, in the direction of Athens, Georgia and led toward Nashville via Rossville. Another branch ran from Ramhurst, Georgia toward Knoxville. Formal permission to open this road was granted by the Cherokees in the 1805 Treaty of Tellico. Prior to its use by the Whites, the route was an Indian trading path to Augusta. . . . — Map (db m12179) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-9 — Old Stone Presbyterian Church — War Time Hospital |
| | This Church, organized September 2, 1837, before the Cherokee Indians were removed from this area, was the first church organized by white settlers in the bounds of the present Catoosa County, according to available records. The organizers were a group of Scotch Irish Presbyterians from Tennessee or the Carolinas and the charter members were: Robert Magill, James H. McSpadden, Robert C. Cain, Sarah Black, Alfred McSpadden, Fanny Magill, Susan McSpadden, Winfred Cain, Margaret Cain and Nancy . . . — Map (db m12182) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-16 — Ringgold Gap — November 27, 1863 |
| | After the battle of Missionary Ridge, Bragg's Confederate Army retreated in disorder towards Dalton. Brig. Gen. Patrick R. Cleburne was ordered to take position in the gap, hold back the Federals, and save the trains and artillery from capture. Exercising his only independent command, Cleburne utilized the terrain and his well-trained troops, to hold up Federals pursuit for five precious hours. The trains and artillery were saved. By Joint Resolution, the Confederate Congress thanked Cleburne for his achievement. — Map (db m12181) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — Stone Church — (Chickamauga Presbyterian Church) |
| | This building, commonly called "The Old Stone Church" began construction in the summer of 1850. Its members met in an old log cabin located one-quarter mile south of the present structure from 1837 to 1845. A site was selected one mile south in 1845 and a shed measuring forty by seventy feet was constructed. Referred to as "Dogwood Campground", it was in use until 1850. This structure is erected from stone quarried from the Stubblefield Farm and from the base of White Oak Mountain. Timber was . . . — Map (db m12150) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — Stone Church And Catoosa Station — Chickamauga Campaign Heritage Trail |
| | Organized in 1837, the Chickamauga Presbyterian Church, commonly call "The Old Stone Church," was a landmark in the Ringgold area at the time of the war.
The coming of the Western and Atlantic Railroad and the construction of an impressive stone depot in 1849 had a great influence on the growing economy of Ringgold and the surrounding area. A second station or platform was constructed just south of the gap named "Catoosa Station," to serve the nearby summer resorts of Catoosa Springs and . . . — Map (db m12310) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-11 — The Napier House |
| | Thomas Thompson Napier built this house in 1836 of heavy local timber prepared by slaves and finishing lumber brought by ox-wagon from Augusta. During the Battle of Chickamauga 20 wounded soldiers were cared for in the house by Mrs. Martha Harris Napier and Mrs. Debbie Thedford, assisting an Army nurse. Water was hauled to the battlefield from Blue and Sweet Springs on the Napier place. In early days there was a race track on the property where Indians and early settlers were said to gather for races and chicken fights. — Map (db m13864) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-10 — The Whitman House |
| | This house of handmade brick was built about 1863 by Mr. William L. Whitman, prominent merchant of Ringgold. After the Battle of Ringgold General U. S. Grant established his headquarters here. When he and his staff were leaving he offered Mrs. Whitman pay for lodging in $50,00 U.S. greenbacks but she asked for Confederate money instead. Gen. Grant is said to have remarked, 'She certainly is not whipped yet,' and his soldiers cheered her as they left. The Whitman family watched the fiercest part . . . — Map (db m9061) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Ringgold — 023-8 — Western & Atlantic Depot |
| | This is the only depot between Atlanta and Chattanooga that has been in continuous use since May 9, 1850, when the first train ran over this end of the line. Previous to the coming of the W & A to 'Cherokee Georgia,' the nearest market was Augusta, 3 weeks away by ox wagon. In the early 1850s Ringgold was a bigger market than Chattanooga and large quantities of wheat were shipped from this depot. Built in 1849 of local sandstone, with walls 14 inches thick, the building was badly damaged by . . . — Map (db m9207) |
| Georgia (Catoosa County), Rinngold — The Evans House — Chickamauga Campaign Heritage Trail |
| | The Evans house was a double-pen log structure located on the corner of Guyler and Nashville Streets in Ringgold. Before the war the widow Evans took in boarders at the house to provide an income for her family. Two of these were nurses from the local Confederate hospitals.
Fannie A. Beers was a young woman from Pensacola, Florida, whose husband was serving in the Confederate Army. Fannie had strong feeling for the Confederacy and early in the war offered her services as a nurse. She went . . . — Map (db m12311) |
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