| Ohio (Greene County), Clifton — 7-29 — Clifton Gorge — A Feature of Ohio's Glacial Past |
| | Clifton Gorge is a classic example of a canyon cut into dolomite and shale bedrock that dates to the Silurian Period 400 million years ago. Created by meltwater released from the retreating continental glacier some 15,000 years ago, the cool, moist gorge has maintained a diversity of native plants, such as the red baneberry bush, that are now rare elsewhere in Ohio. The Little Miami River powered grist and cotton mills, paper factories, and breweries in the gorge during the nineteenth century. . . . — Map (db m12475) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Clifton — 5-29 — Historical Clifton |
| | This historic village was a hub for early Ohio industry and travel. The natural geography of the area provided ideal conditions for the establishment of a variety of mills. Col. Robert Patterson, an ancestor of the founder of National Cash Register in Dayton, John Patterson, chose Clifton for the site of a woolen mill, which furnished material for the American army during the War of 1812. Davis Mill, established in 1802 and in operation today as Clifton Mill, produced meal and flour for Civil . . . — Map (db m12476) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Oldtown — Col. Daniel Boone |
| | In memory of
Col. Daniel Boone and 27 salt makers, taken prisoners at Blue Licks, KY., by the Shawnees, Feb. 7, 1778 and brought to Old Chillicothe.
Boone and eleven were adopted by the Shawnees. Ten were taken, over the Bullskin Trail, to Detroit and held for ransom. The fate of six is unknown.
Boone 1787 Narrative — Map (db m14067) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Oldtown — Kenton's Gantlet [Gauntlet] |
| | Here, between the site of the old Shawnee Council House and the hill to the south, Simon Kenton, in 1778, successfully ran an Indian Gantlet, 158 rods - almost one half mile - long. — Map (db m14071) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Oldtown — Old Chillicothe |
| | This stone marks the site of Old Chillicothe, the principal town of the Shawnees Indians, Tecumseh chief.
The famous gauntlet run by Simon Kenton in 1778 was from Sextons Hill to the Council House which stood 30 rods west of this site. — Map (db m14066) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Oldtown — C1 — Site of Old Chillicothe |
| | The famous Shawnee Village destroyed four times by pioneer forces. It remained Ohio's leading Indian Town until 1807. On the rise to the west stood the bark Council House. — Map (db m14065) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Oldtown — Ten Kentucky Soldiers Memorial |
| | In Memoriam
Ten Kentucky soldiers were killed on this site (Old Chillicothe) May 29, 1779, in the first battle with the Shawnees in the Miami Valleys. The force of 261 men was defeated and pursued 30 mi. One Indian was killed.
Col. John Bowman, commanding.
Draper Mss. — Map (db m14068) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Oldtown — The Bullskin Trail |
| | North from the Ohio River to Detroit. Here joined the Kenton and Scioto Trails east and Winchester Trail south east. — Map (db m14072) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Oldtown — The Sexton Point |
| | Location, from 1768 to 1774, of wigwams of Chief Pucksinwah and Methatosa, parents of Tecumtha.
Draper Mss. — Map (db m14073) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Oldtown — U Mkvwalamakufewa Tikvmfa / Memorial to Tecumtha |
| | U Mkvwalamakufewa Tikvmfa
Inv msi srwvnowi nrgrni-ilafitv, ugimv macimi pligitiyawi cinvli ini inglast-mrn-ewi svmrkv-nagi, u mvmagoli cinvleli Sir Isaac Brock sifoli ina 1812 lvgitvhfowanagi.
Usgi-lanvwawi ina March, 1768 lvgitvhfo-wa-nagi, ini tvhdagi msi tigikvmi lrkufwa lanv wv ikusgrgi ilanvlu yalrwvhqagi takv-wihi watvhkufvgi ini pvsidowi cvlvhgrfagi uci.
Nfaqi ina October 5, 1813 lvgitvhfowa-nagi, iah bami negrniwi weci-nvhgamrci ni nanvudomanvhi ini tvh nochademrwrci . . . — Map (db m14070) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Spring Valley — 12-29 — George Barrett Cement House — Poor Man's Home, Rich Man's Palace |
| | After his home was destroyed by fire, George Barrett decided to build a home that would survive another disaster. An article Barrett read by O.S. Fowler in New York described a new building material that used gravel, sand, and lime. Cement was a less expensive and more time efficient construction material than brick. Unable to get help from a mason, Barrett gathered the material and built the house himself. Completed in 1853, the house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. — Map (db m26219) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Spring Valley — 1-29 — Historic Little Miami River |
| | Side A: An important route north from the Ohio River for Indians, frontiersmen, soldiers, and settlers. Pre-historic Indian mounds and village sites are throughout the valley. In 1788 the river was a boundary between two major survey districts, the Virginia Military Lands to the east and Symmes' Purchase between the Miamis. The first extensive railroad system in Ohio followed the valley in the 1840s.
Side B: In 1779 John Bowman's forces followed the east bank to Glady Run, then . . . — Map (db m26223) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wilberforce — 18-29 — Brigadier General Benjamin Oliver Davis, Sr. |
| | [Marker Front]:
Benjamin Oliver Davis, Sr. (July 1, 1877 - November 26, 1970), the nation's first African American general in the Regular Army, was born in Washington, D.C. Davis first served as a temporary first lieutenant of the 8th U.S. Volunteer Infantry during the Spanish-American War. Following that conflict, he enlisted as a private in the 9th U.S. Cavalry, serving in the Philippine Insurrection where he began to rise in rank. Davis was promoted to first lieutenant in 1905, . . . — Map (db m14054) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wilberforce — Carnegie Library (1907) |
| | This neoclassical structure, a combination of Federalism and Great Reunion, was a gift of Andrew Carnegie to Wilberforce University. It was built in 1907 and was remodeled and enlarged in 1938. The building provided general reading, reference, browsing, and reserve rooms, and also served as the Wilberforce Museum. It now houses the administrative offices of the National Afro-American Museum and Cultural Center.
This library erected & given to Wilberforce University through the munificent kindness of Mr Andrew Carnegie MDCCCCIV — Map (db m14062) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wilberforce — 16-29 — Central State University |
| | Central State University originated on March 19, 1887, when the Ohio General Assembly passed an act establishing a Combined Normal and Industrial (CN&I) Department at Wilberforce University. Through various transitional changes, it emerged as an independent, state university. In 1941, the General Assembly expanded the CN&I, which offered two-year courses, into the College of Education and Industrial Arts, with four-year programs. In 1947, it separated from Wilberforce University. The history of . . . — Map (db m14056) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wilberforce — 9-29 — Galloway Hall |
| | [Marker Front]:
At the turn of the twentieth century, increased enrollment in the Combined Normal and Industrial Department at Wilberforce University (which later became Central State University) spurred construction of new teaching and dormitory facilities. Galloway Hall, which included an auditorium and a tower with chimes and a clock, was completed in 1906. Many famous personalities performed in Galloway Hall's auditorium, including the renown opera singer Leontyne Price; Robert . . . — Map (db m14057) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wilberforce — 17-29 — Hallie Quinn Brown |
| | [Marker Front]:
Hallie Quinn Brown (c.1850) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to former slaves. She and her family moved to Wilberforce, Ohio in 1870, where she received a Bachelor of Science degree from Wilberforce University in 1873. Brown taught school in the South until her appointment as professor of elocution at Wilberforce University in 1893. A gifted elocutionist and author, Brown received national and international acclaim not only for her recitals and written works, but . . . — Map (db m14055) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wilberforce — Kezia Emery Hall (1913) |
| | This Colonial style building was originally constructed as a women's dormitory, but was later occupied by men. It was erected largely through the generosity of Andrew Carnegie and Miss E. J. Emery, a Cincinnati native living in England. The building accomodated 120 students. While the structure has sustained considerable deterioration, funding is being sought to rehabilitate it to serve as a learning center. If you would like to contribute to this effort, please contact the museum at 937-376-4944 (x114) or 1-800-752-2603. — Map (db m14061) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wilberforce — 8-29 — Old Wilberforce University Campus at Tawawa Springs |
| | Side A:
In the early 1800s, William and Eleanor Kendall owned this land, known for its natural springs, beauty, and farmland. In 1850, Elias Drake, lawyer and former speaker in the Ohio General Assembly, purchased the property and named it Tawawa or Xenia Springs. He developed a health resort hotel surrounded by summer cottages, all of which were completed the following year. “Tawawa” is believed to be Shawnee for “clear or gold water,” alluding to the clear, . . . — Map (db m14058) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wright-Patterson Air Force Base — Biplanes to Rocket Science |
| | Here, on Wright Brothers Hill, on all sides you are surrounded by the vast research complexes and runways of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Problem solving done here since 1917 has taken aviators from Huffman Prairie Flying Field to the moon and back. In the early 1920s, McCook Field near downtown Dayton proved too small to be safe for further experimental aircraft work. Community leaders formed the Dayton Air Service Committee, buying the lands surrounding this bluff and donating them to . . . — Map (db m4645) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wright-Patterson Air Force Base — Cow Pasture to Flight School |
| | Look two miles beyond this overlook to see a true cradle of aviation. The flags you see far below outline the pasture that became the first airport in history. After their success at Kitty Hawk, the Wright brothers returned to Dayton, looking for a "flying field" closer to home, they relocated to the rough pasture of Torrence Huffman's farm in the valley below. In 1904-05, flying 40 feet high over Huffman Prairie Flying Field, the Wrights solved the complex problems of controlling a machine in . . . — Map (db m4646) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wright-Patterson Air Force Base — Final Honors |
| | The Wright brothers were the most memorialized of Americans in the 20th century. Of all their countrymen, only Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln have inspired commemorative zeal to match. Wright biographer Tom Crouch To perfect a flying machine was nothing short of a miracle. Dayton's two most famous sons were soon hailed throughout the world for making the ancient dream of flight a reality. After Wilbur Wright died unexpectedly in 1912, prominent Dayton leaders initially thought that . . . — Map (db m4593) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wright-Patterson Air Force Base — 13-29 — Huffman Prairie Flying Field |
| | Huffman Prairie Flying Field, a unit of the Dayton Heritage National Historic Park, is the site where Wilbur and Orville Wright flew and perfected the world's first practical airplane, the 1905 Wright Flyer III, after their first flights in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1903. The Wright brothers mastered the principles of controlled, powered flight at Huffman Prairie during 1904 and 1905. From 1910 to 1915, they operated the Wright School of Aviation here, training many of the world's first pilots, including many military pilots. — Map (db m4587) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Wright-Patterson Air Force Base — In Case of Floods ... |
| | Huffman Prairie Flying Field lies to the right of Huffman Dam, the long earthen barrier you see below. The dam is one of five 'retarding basins' built by the Miami Conservancy District after the catastrophic 1913 flood. This dam, along with many miles of riverbank levees, protects downtown Dayton from future inundation. Because the land behind this dam can go underwater if the Mad River should rise, and because there are active Air Force runways nearby, Torrence Huffman's pasture has never . . . — Map (db m4647) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Xenia — 3-29 — Birthplace of Tecumseh |
| | [Marker Front]:
The great Native American Shawnee leader, Tecumseh, was born on the bank of a large spring at this site in 1768, at the very instant that a great meteor seared across the skies. The birth occurred while his parents, Shawnee war chief, Pucksinwah, and his wife, Methotasa, were en route from their village of Kispoko Town, on the Scioto River, to a major tribal council at the Shawnee tribal capital village of Chalahgawth (Chillicothe - now Oldtown), which was located . . . — Map (db m14064) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Xenia — 11-29 — Collins School |
| | [Marker front]:
In 1854, Samuel and Rebecca McClellan Collins deeded 1.28 acres to Beavercreek Township, Greene County, for the purpose of building a schoolhouse. The first two schoolhouses were constructed of stone with fireplaces for heat. Collins neighborhood children in first through eighth grade were educated in the present red brick building until 1944, when decreased enrollment forced Xenia Township to close the school. Virgil and Helen Bryson Brantley, great-granddaughter of . . . — Map (db m14063) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Yellow Springs — 15-29 — Antioch College |
| | Chartered in 1852 by the Christian Church and later a Unitarian institution, Antioch College opened with educational pioneer Horace Mann as its first president. One of the earliest co-educational colleges in the United States, from its inception Antioch promoted humanistic and egalitarian values. In 1920 Arthur E. Morgan became president and initiated a widely emulated cooperative work-study program. The Antioch Review, one of the oldest literary magazines in America, began publication . . . — Map (db m12471) |
| Ohio (Greene County), Yellow Springs — 6-29 — Moncure Daniel Conway / The Conway Colony |
| | [Side A:] Moncure Daniel Conway
Moncure Daniel Conway was born on March 17, 1832 in Stafford County, Virginia, the son of Walker Peyton and Margaret Daniel Conway. His father was a wealthy slaveholder and prominent state legislator and county court justice official while his mother, who opposed slavery, introduced her son to abolitionism. Conway graduated from Dickinson College in Pennsylvania in 1849 and from Harvard Divinity School in 1854. Despite his southern aristocratic . . . — Map (db m13651) |
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