| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 10th Ohio Infantry. |
| | 10th Ohio Infantry.
Headquarters, Gen. George H. Thomas.
Lieut. Col. William M. Ward.
Nov. 25, 1863.
This regiment was attached to the headquarters of the Army of the Cumberland, together with the First Battalion Ohio Sharpshooters, the Pioneer Brigade, the First Michigan Engineers, and the Signal Corps.
It was employed as guards, pickets, escorts, to trains, and the variety of emergency duties which active operations develop. — Map (db m24029) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 21st Ohio Infantry |
| | 21st Ohio Infantry
Starkweather's Brig., Johnson's Div., 14th Corps.
Capt. Charles H. Vantine
Nov. 5, 1863
At the opening of the battle, this regiment, with its brigade, occupied the right of the line of earthworks in front of Chattanooga. The remainder of the Division formed the right of the assault on Missionary Ridge.
After this move was well developed, Gen. J.M. Palmer, commanding the 14th Corps, ordered the brigade to move forward in support of the division.
It marched . . . — Map (db m20036) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 3d Ohio Infantry |
| | 3d Ohio Infantry.
John Beatty’s Brig., Davis Div., 14th Corps.
Capt. Lergy S. Bell.
Nov. 25, 1863.
This regiment was detached from its brigade during the Battle of Chattanooga, and stationed at Kelley’s Ferry on the Tennessee River west of Raccoon Mountain.
There it was assigned to the very important duty of guarding the steamboat landing, and the supplies obtained as a result of the opening of the Brown’s Ferry line of communication. — Map (db m23979) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 46th Pennsylvania Infantry |
| | . . . — Map (db m15529) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — Andrews Raiders — Ohio's Tribute |
| | Front of the Monument
Ohio's Tribute
To The Andrews Raiders
1862
Erected 1890.
Right side of the Monument
Escaped
21st Ohio Vol. Inf.
J. Alfred Wilson, Co. C
Mark Wood, " "
Wm. J. Knight, " E
Wilson W. Brown, " F
John R. Porter, " G
33rd Ohio Vol. Inf.
Martin J. Hawkins, Co. A
John Wollam, " C
Daniel Allen Dorsey, " H
Back side of the Monument
Executed
James J. Andrews, Flemingsburg, KY.
Marion A. Ross, Co. A, . . . — Map (db m20413) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 75 — Bessie Smith — 1894-1937 |
| | Born in Chattanooga to black parents, her great talent and determination earned her the title "Empress of the Blues." Death came in a tragic automobile accident in Clarksdale, Miss. In her memory, Columbia Records erected a tombstone with the epitaph
"The Greatest Blues Singer In The World Will Never Stop Singing." — Map (db m13895) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — Bonny Oaks School |
| | A Hamilton County Institution
Founded 1896
Authorized by Act of the General Assembly, 1895. The first Board of Trustees met March 7th 1896. Present were the Reverend J.W. Bachman, President: Major Charles D. McGuffy, Secretary: J.S. Bell, Treasurer; Judge Seth M. Walker; and Squire L.W. Bates.
On January 4th, 1898 the Col. Jarrett G. Dent plantation, later known as “Bonnie Oaks Farm at Jersey,” was purchased. J.C. Kalleen was engaged as first superintendent. The . . . — Map (db m4494) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 55 — Brainerd Mission |
| | Established 1817 by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, it played an important part in the educational development and Christianizing of the Cherokee. Brainerd Cemetery contains graves of whites and Indians who died at the Mission, which was discontinued in 1838, at the time of the Cherokee Removal. — Map (db m1986) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 5 — Camp Ross |
| | To the east, at the mouth of Chattanooga Creek, was this supply base for Tennessee troops during the Creek War of 1812-13. The river here forms Moccasin Bend in its efforts to break through the mountains. — Map (db m4495) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 94 — Carver Memorial Hospital |
| | Carver Memorial, a hospital for Negroes, opened on June 18, 1947, in the Old West Ellis Hospital Building. Named for George Washington Carver, this health-care facility is said to have been the first municipally-owned, tax-supported hospital in America which was staffed by Negro doctors, nurses and other personnel for the care of Negro patients. Carver Memorial closed in 1962. — Map (db m4478) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 34 — Chattanooga Daily Rebel |
| | Established on this site, Aug. 2, 1862, by Franc M. Paul, it was published in three states, five towns and, for several months, in a boxcar traveling with Confederate armies. Later editors were Henry Watterson and Albert Roberts. Usually, it was the only news source for Confederate soldiers in the deep South. Its last issue was at Selma, Alabama, April 11, 1865. — Map (db m13779) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 83 — Chattanooga Howard School |
| | Founded as a church school about 1865, Howard School was the first free public school, black or white, established in Hamilton County. Incorporated into the city school system in 1873, Howard School was established by the Rev. E. O. Tade, a black Congregational minister. Tade served as Hamilton County's first superintendent of education. The school was named after Gen. O. O. Howard commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau. — Map (db m13934) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 76 — Chattanooga's First School |
| | In 1835 a log structure near the corner of Fifth and Lookout Sts, served this area as schoolhouse, church, and community center. Community leaders met here in 1838 and selected "Chattanooga" as the name for the Future city. The official act was passed by the Tennessee General Assembly on Dec. 20, 1839. — Map (db m13896) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 29 — Daniel Ross |
| | The home of this early trader and pioneer stood about 250 yards east. Born in Scotland, 1760, coming to this area in 1785, he shortly after married a daughter of John McDonald, trader, who lived at the site of Rossville, Ga. His eldest son, John, became a famous chief of the Cherokee. First school in the Cherokee Nation was at the Ross home, about 1800. — Map (db m4497) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 98 — Ernest Walter Holmes, Sr. |
| | 1883–1945. Born in 1883, Ernest Walter Holmes, Sr., opened Chattanooga’s first independent auto-repair garage at 318 Market Street. Here in 1916 he invented the twin-boom wrecker. Holmes pioneered and patented numerous improvements in the towing and recovery industry. He expanded his company into an international enterprise. Manufacturer of the first military wrecker during World War II, he supplied thousands of twin-boom wreckers to the allied forces from 1941 through 1945. — Map (db m1984) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 99 — First Coca-Cola Bottling Company In The United States |
| | On July 21, 1899, two Chattanooga lawyers, Benjamin Franklin Thomas and Joseph Brown Whitehead, signed a contract with the Coca-Cola Company granting them the exclusive rights to bottle Coca-Cola in most of the United States. Another Chattanooga citizen, John Thomas Lupton, provided financial backing for the future development of the bottling business. The first Coca-Cola Bottling Company began operations at this site in November 1899. — Map (db m15703) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 100 — First Presbyterian Church |
| | (Obverse) This church, founded June 21, 1840, by missionaries to the Cherokee Indians from the brainerd Mission and others, is Chattanooga's oldest with record of its founding date. During the Civil War, its building at 7th and Market streets was shelled by the Union Army and used as a hospital. During that time, the Reverend Thomas H. McCallie, pastor, ministered from his home one block west of here. Completed in 1910, this church building at the church's fifth location was designed by . . . — Map (db m16122) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 96 — G. W. Franklin |
| | 1865-1928 G. W. Franklin was born in Quitman, Georgia. He operated four businesses: blacksmithing, a hack line, a wood and coal yard, and an undertaking establishment. In 1894 Franklin moved his undertaking business to Chattanooga. He was a member of the National Negro Business League and president of the National Negro Funeral Directors Association. In 1915 Franklin served as an honorary pallbearer for his friend, Dr. Booker T. Washington. Thirteen years later, Franklin conducted the . . . — Map (db m4481) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — Locomotive 4501 |
| | Locomotive 4501 (Class M2s, Baldwin No. 37085, built in 1911) was the first 2-8-2 type engine to operate on the Southern Railway System and saw active service until 1948, at which time the Kentucky & Tennessee Railroad of Stearns, Kentucky bought and re-numbered her to K&T 12. Used in drag coal service on this 7-mile shortline until 1964. "The 12" was then sold to P. H. Merriman of Sewanee, Tennessee, following which the 4501 was returned to its original appearance and leased to the Southern . . . — Map (db m24804) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 89 — Martin Hotel — 1924-1985 — Chattanooga, Tennessee |
| | For sixty-one years the Martin Hotel was located at this site. Established in 1924 by Robert Martin with 50 rooms it became the largest African-American hotel in the South. Many celebrities and entertainers such as: Ella Fitzgerald, The Ink Spots, Fats Domino, Mahalia Jackson, J. Ernest Wilkins (Former Assistant Secretary of Labor), Cab Calloway, the Platters, Nat "King" Cole, Lena Horne, Willie Mays, Satchel Paige and the "original" Harlem Globetrotters were guests at the hotel. The Martin Hotel closed November 30, 1985. — Map (db m15648) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — A US — Military History of Chattanooga |
| | This city was first occupied by Confederate troops in the spring of 1862 under Generals Floyd, Maxey and Leadbetter. Union troops under General Mitchell Shelled it June 7 and 8. Bragg's Army occupied it in August preparing for the Kentucky campaign, again in the fall on its return from Kentucky, and in the summer of 1863 when retiring before Rosecrans from Middle Tennessee. Wilder shelled the city from Stringer's Ridge August 21. Bragg evacuated it Sept. 7 and 8, and a small Union force took . . . — Map (db m4303) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 68 — Missionary Ridge — Nov. 25, 1863 |
| | So called from its nearness to the Brainerd Mission to the Cherokee, this ridge was the scene of the final and conclusive action in the series of battles which drove the Confederates from the Chattanooga area. After first clearing a line of riflepits at the foot. Federal troops charged up the slopes of the ridge, driving the Confederates from their entrenchments at the top. — Map (db m13928) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — Ohio at Chattanooga — November 23-25, 1863 |
| | The battle of Chattanooga occupied three days; the first, Nov. 23d, Orchard Knob; the second, Lookout Mountain; the third, Missionary Ridge.
Gen. Rosecrans who commanded the Army of the Cumberland until relieved before the battle by Gen. Thomas, and Gen. Sherman, commanding the Army of the Tennessee, were from Ohio. Gen. Grant, commanding the combined forces, was born in Ohio and appointed thence to West Point. Three of the 15 Divisions, ten of 38 Brigades were commanded by Ohio officers. . . . — Map (db m20038) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 72 — Ross's Landing |
| | Established about 1816 by John Ross some 370 yards east of this point, it consisted of a ferry, warehouse, and landing. With the organization of Hamilton County in 1819 north of the river, it served not only the Cherokee trade but also as a convenient business center for the country. Cherokee parties left from the landing for the West in 1838, the same year the growing community took the name Chattanooga. — Map (db m13894) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 64 — Stringer's Ridge |
| | Named for Capt. William Stringer, a pioneer. From there, Federal artillery in Brig. Gen. James S. Negley's task force bombarded Chattanooga, June 7 & 8, 1862, then retired. On Aug. 21, 1863, Capt. Eli Lilley's 18th Indiana Battery, of Wilder's Brigade, again fired on Chattanooga from this ridge and opened the Chickamauga Campaign. — Map (db m13891) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 81 — The McCallie School |
| | A boarding and day day school preparing more than 6,300 boys for college in its first 75 years. McCallie was established on this former Missionary Ridge battlefield in 1905. The founder, the Rev. Thomas Hooke McCallie, Civil War pastor of First Presbyterian Church, gave the land to his sons, Prof. Spencer Jarnagin McCallie and Dr. James Park McCallie co-headmasters for 42 years. They were followed by their sons who continued to make McCallie a respected name in independent education. — Map (db m13931) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 33 — The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga |
| | Founded by the Methodist Episcopal Church with generous assistance by Chattanoogans, this institution became a principal campus of The University of Tennessee in 1969. As an endowed, privately controlled institution it was known as Chattanooga University, 1886 to 1889, as Grant University, 1889 to 1907, and as University of Chattanooga, 1907 to 1969. First buildings were erected on this site in 1886 and the present plant begun in 1916. — Map (db m13777) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2B 25 — Union Depot |
| | The Union Depot, constructed on this site between 1857-1859, as a large train-shed with tracks, offices and waiting-rooms beneath, originated in an agreement of Sept. 12, 1857, between the Western & Atlantic and the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroads. These were later joined by the Memphis & Charleston and the East Tennessee & Georgia. The depot was modified in 1869 and in 1881 to include a brick building in front with offices and waiting-rooms. — Map (db m12766) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 82 — Walden Hospital |
| | Dr. Emma Rochelle Wheeler, a graduate of Meharry Medical College, established, owned and operated Walden Hospital beginning in 1915. Established to serve the medical needs of Chattanooga's Negro community, the hospital had a 30-bed capacity. Walden was staffed by 19 black doctors of the Mountain City Medical Society. For 20 years, the hospital served as a nursing school. After 37 years of service, Walden Hospital closed in June 1952. — Map (db m13932) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 84 — William "Uncle Bill" Lewis |
| | Born a slave in Winchester, Tennessee, William Lewis came to Chattanooga in 1837, when it was Ross' Landing. After building a thriving blacksmith business, Lewis purchased his and his wife's freedom. In 1851, he purchased the freedom of his mother, brother, and sister. In his blacksmith shop, leg irons were forged and fitted for Andrews' Raiders, Union spies during the Civil War. — Map (db m15623) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chattanooga — 2A 65 — Williams' Island |
| | Named for a pioneer occupant, occupant, this island was the site of an Indian village and probably of an 18th Century French trading post. Here, on May 31, 1862, JamesJ. Andrews, leader of the Andrews Raid, was captured following his escape from jail in Chattanooga. He was hanged in Atlanta, June 7. — Map (db m13892) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Chickamauga — 2A 24 — Battle of Lookout Mountain — Nov. 24, 1863 |
| | Two miles south, over 3,000 Federal troops crossed Lookout Creek in thick fog at dawn. They lined up from the creek to base of cliffs above and charged north along the mountainside over slashed timber and deep ravines crumpling the Confederate left flank completely. — Map (db m21204) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Harrison — 2A 38 — Joseph Vann's Town |
| | About ½ mile N of here, a Chickamauga village was destroyed by Evan Shelby's punitive expedition of 1779. Following his expulsion from Georgia, this wealthy Cherokee chief built a homestead here, with three racetracks, about which a new village grew up. It was abandoned at the Cherokee expulsion of 1838. Vann's house stood until 1900. — Map (db m4493) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Harrison — 2A 36 — Old Harrison |
| | Hamilton County's first court met at Hasten Poe's tavern near the present Daisy in 1819, later moving to Rawlings' Farm, near the present Dallas. In 1840, a courthouse was built about 500 yards NW of this point, and the new town named for President William Henry Harrison. The county seat moved to Chattanooga in 1871. — Map (db m4492) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Lookout Mountain — Confederate Forces – Battle of Lookout. — Nov. 24th, 1863. |
| | The night before the Battle Gen. Stevenson was assigned to command the Confederate line from Chattanooga Creek to the extreme left on Lookout Mountain, a distance of 15 miles. Stevenson’s Division, of Brown’s, Cummings and Pettu’s Brigades then occupied the summit, and Cheatham’s Division of Jackson’s Moore’s and Walthall’s Brigades the slopes below the palisades. Jackson’s (Col. J.C. Wilkinson commanding) and Cumming’s were assigned to the line between the creek and the base of the mountain, . . . — Map (db m23187) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Lookout Mountain — Federal Entrenchments |
| | The intrenchments of which vestiges are visible from here were constructed by the Federal garrison detailed to guard the Federal Army hospital which was situated a short from here. This construction took place following the fighting around Chattanooga which resulted in the withdrawal of Confederate forces in November, 1863. — Map (db m13835) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Lookout Mountain — Garrity's Alabama Battery |
| | Garrity's Alabama Battery.
Two 10 Pdr. Parrotts, Two 12 Pdr. Napoleons.
Maj. Alfred R. Courtney's Artillery Battalion.
Hindman's Division.
Nov. 1863.
Capt. James Garrity, Commanding.
1st Lieut. Philip Bond.
1st Lieut. maynard A. Hassell.
2nd Lieut. Henry F. Carroll.
The section of Parrott guns occupied this position for nearly two months previous to the battle of the 24th and was engaged at intervals in firing at the enemy's wagon trains Moccasin Point Batteries and lines . . . — Map (db m20356) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Lookout Mountain — Lookout Mountain — American Revolutionary War Battle |
| | The Chattanooga area was firmly controlled by the Chickamauga Indians at the time of The American Revolution. The Cherokee Indian chiefs had signed peace and land treaties with the Colonial settlers. However, a small group of rebellious Cherokees were not in accord with these treaties and continued unabated warfare with the expanding settlers. They were called the Chickamaugas and were led by Chief Dragging Canoe. They were actively supported by the British through local agents and traders. The . . . — Map (db m4496) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Lookout Mountain — New York Peace Monument |
| | On Nov. 23, 1863, Maj. Gen. Hooker was directed to make a demonstration early the following morning on the Point of Lookout Mountain with the troops in Lookout Valley under his command, aggregating 9,681.
Geary’s Division started at 8:00 A.M., crossed Lookout Creek at Light’s Dam, and, moving by the flank, enveloped in fog and mist, until its right rested under the palisades. Marched northerly by brigades in echelon; Cobham’s Brigade the right, Ireland’s the center, and Candy’s the left. . . . — Map (db m23954) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Lookout Mountain — Occupation of the Summit of Lookout. — Nov. 25th. 1863. |
| | No Union troops reached the top of the Mountain during the Battle of Lookout. The Confederates began to withdraw from from the summit at 7 P.M. of the 24th, and completed the retirement about 9 o'clock, and at 10 P.M. had crossed Chattanooga Creek on their way t,o Missionary Ridge. Early next morning Gen. Whitaker, commanding brigade in Cruft's Division, his line being then in the vicinity of the Craven House, called for volunteers from the 8th Kentucky to scale the palisades at the Point of . . . — Map (db m20111) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Lookout Mountain — 2A 57 — Summertown |
| | Summertown, the first community on Lookout Mountain, was in this general area. The Lookout Mountain Hotel and its cottages were erected here in 1856 by Colonel James A. Whiteside and associates. Guests came up a toll road in carriages which met trains and steamboats in Chattanooga. Confederate and Union troops in turn occupied the hotel in 1863-1864, and Jefferson Davis rested awhile in one of the cottages after release from prison in May, 1867. — Map (db m13844) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Lookout Mountain — 2A 56 — The University of The South |
| | Founded here July 4, 1857, when its first trustees, representing Episcopal dioceses in ten Southern states, met to adopt the plan of Bishop (later Confederate General) Leonidas Polk for a university to be sponsored by the Episcopal Church. Following the colorful ceremony here, a second meeting of the Board was held in Montgomery, Alabama, in November, 1857, and Sewanee, Tennessee was chosen as the site. — Map (db m13839) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Sale Creek — 2A 7 — Sale Creek |
| | So named because of an auction, near here, in 1779, of supplies furnished the Cherokees by British agents to stimulate their warfare against the settlers. The supplies were captured by frontiersmen under command of Col. Evan Shelby, and sold on their return from the expedition. — Map (db m26016) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Tiftonia — 2A 16 — Battle of Wauhatchie |
| | 2½ mi. Here 3 brigades of hood's Division, Confederate Army of Tennessee under Brig. Gen. Micah Jenkins, made a night attack against Geary's Division of the XII Corps, guarding the recently opened "Cracker Line" to Bridgeport, Ala. The attack was repulsed with heavy losses on both sides. — Map (db m4487) |
| Tennessee (Hamilton County), Tiftonia — 2A 14 — Brown's Ferry |
| | About 3.3 miles north, near the route of the Great War and Trading Path, John Brown, a Cherokee half-breed, established a ferry and tavern in 1800. It was much used by drovers going to and from markets. Legends say that some were robbed and murdered here. — Map (db m4485) |
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