| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 16 — Ashland |
| | In 1838, the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad bought 462 acres bordering its tracks twelve miles north of Richmond in Hanover County. The company created a small summer retreat and passenger rest stop there. In 1858, the area was incorporated as the town of Ashland, the name of the Kentucky home of Hanover native son Henry Clay. During the Civil War, Union cavalry attacked the railroad here three times: on 3 May 1863 under Maj. Gen. George Stoneman, on 1 March 1864 under Brig. Gen. . . . — Map (db m1991) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — Ashland — The War Years — Lee vs. Grant — The 1864 Campaign |
| | Ashland in 1860 was a quiet, charming village. Its 150 residents lived in cottages on tree-lined streets. A fashionable hotel, a notable racecourse, and a famous mineral springs resort made Ashland a social center. Then came war.
In the summer of 1861, hundreds of volunteers from across
Virginia camped at the racecourse where they received their first military instruction During 1862, homes and churches filled with battle casualties; more than 400 soldiers died in these makeshift . . . — Map (db m8199) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 17 — Confederate March From the North Anna River |
| | Following the Union army's departure from the North Anna River on 26 May 1864, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee cautiously moved his army south toward Richmond to stay between the Federals and the capital. Lee's wagon trains, using nearby Ellett's Bridge, crossed the South Anna River on 27 May. The Confederate First Corps, led by Lt. Gen. Richard H. Anderson, marched down the tracks of the Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad and crossed the river on the railroad bridge just north of . . . — Map (db m17788) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 119 — Early Stages of Stuart's Ride Around McClellan |
| | Confederate Brig. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart with his 1,200 cavalrymen rode past this spot on the morning of 12 June 1862, heading west. On a mission to gather intelligence about Union Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac, Stuart hoped to deceive his foes into thinking that he was joining Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley. His true objective was northeastern Hanover County, in the rear of the Union army, about a dozen miles east of here. The . . . — Map (db m15837) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 15 — Henry at Hanover Courthouse |
| | Six miles east still stands Hanover Courthouse, in which, December, 1763, Patrick Henry delivered his great speech in the "Parsons' Cause," when he denounced the British government for vetoing an act of the Virginia General Assembly. — Map (db m15849) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 14 — Jackson's March to Mechanicsville |
| | In mid-June 1862, having defeated three Union armies in the Shenandoah Valley, Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson and his Valley Army joined Gen. Robert E. Lee to defend Richmond. Jackson and his men marched by here on 26 June to strike the flank of Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's army near Mechanicsville. Because of Jackson's exhaustion and unfamiliarity with the roads, however, they arrived too late to fight. On 27 June, Jackson and the rest of the Army of Northern Virginia assaulted the . . . — Map (db m16168) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E-22 — Lafayette and Cornwallis |
| | The Marquis de Lafayette and his outnumbered colonial troops abandoned Richmond on 27 May 1781 to avoid Gen. Charles Cornwallis's approaching forces. Lafayette marched north from Richmond through Hanover County and likely crossed the nearby North Anna River by 31 May. Cornwallis pursued Lafayette to the North Anna River the next day. There Cornwallis sent the British troops west in a two-pronged attack to destroy storehouses and attempt to capture the governor and the General Assembly in . . . — Map (db m9212) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — I-10A — Randolph-Macon College |
| | Three blocks west is Randolph-Macon College for men, oldest permanent Methodist college in America. Chartered in 1830 and named for John Randolph and Nathaniel Macon. Originally located at Boydton in Mecklenburg County, it was moved here in 1868. — Map (db m1992) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — I-10a — Randolph-Macon College |
| | Chartered in 1830 in Boydton, this institution is the oldest Methodist-affiliated college in continuous operation in the United States. It is named for statesmen John Randolph of Virginia and Nathaniel Macon of North Carolina. The college was moved to Ashland in 1868 due to post-Civil War financial difficulties. Chi Beta Phi, a national honorary science fraternity, was founded here in 1916. In the 1890s, the college’s administration founded Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal) and . . . — Map (db m8213) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — I-10b — Randolph-Macon College |
| | Chartered in 1830 in Boydton, this institution is the oldest Methodist-affiliated college in continuous operation in the United States. It is named for statesmen John Randolph of Virginia and Nathaniel Macon of North Carolina. The college was moved to Ashland in 1868 due to post-Civil War financial difficulties. Chi Beta Phi, a national honorary science fraternity, was founded here in 1916. In the 1890s, the college’s administration founded Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal) and . . . — Map (db m8214) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 105 — Slash Church |
| | Erected in 1729-32 as the Upper Church of Saint Paul's Parish, Hanover County, Slash Church's location next to swampy woods (a "slash" in 18th-century terms) gave it its name. The Reverend Patrick Henry, uncle of the famous patriot, served as rector from 1737 until 1777. Among its early worshipers the church claims Patrick Henry, Dolley Madison, and Henry Clay, all once residents of the area. During the Civil War, Slash Church was used as a hospital and gave a nearby battle its name. This white . . . — Map (db m16167) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 122 — Stuart Turns North |
| | Late in the morning of 12 June 1862, Confederate Brig. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart and 1,200 cavalrymen reached this intersection on a mission to gather intelligence about Union Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac. Here Stuart's column turned sharply northeast, in the general direction of Ashland. Having put some distance between his force and the Federal army around Mechanicsville, Stuart could move directly toward the upper end of the county. He maneuvered along these roads with . . . — Map (db m15842) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 74 — Stuart's Ride Around McClellan |
| | Near here, on Winston's Farm, J. E. B. Stuart, advancing north, camped on June 12, 1862. Stuart was scouting to find the position of the right wing of McClellan's army besieging Richmond. At this point he turned east to Hanover Courthouse. Stuart made a complete circuit of the Union army. — Map (db m15834) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Ashland — E 121 — Stuart's Riders Skirt Ashland |
| | On the afternoon of 12 June 1862, Confederate Brig. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart's column passed here on a mission to gather intelligence about Union Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac. Riding northeast toward the Richmond, Fredericksburg, & Potomac Railroad and bypassing Ashland to avoid discovery, the expedition ended its first day without seeing any Federals. The next day, Stuart surprised Union cavalry near Hanover Court House and encountered the army's rear elements at Old Church . . . — Map (db m15881) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Asland — E 120 — Stuart's Ride Around McClellan Begins |
| | Here at Elmont (known as Kilby's Station during the Civil War), Confederate Brig. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart assembled the last of his 1,200 cavalrymen and began his ride around Union Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac on 12 June 1862. Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee had instructed Stuart to gather intelligence, especially about the location of the army's flanks, and to disrupt Federal supply and communication lines. The Southern cavalrymen rode about 80 miles in the next 72 hours. . . . — Map (db m15840) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Atlee — ND 11 — Lee’s Headquarters |
| | Just to the east stood the Clarke house (Lockwood), wherein Gen. Robert E. Lee made his field headquarters, 28-31 May 1864. While here, and though ill, Lee deployed troops to key positions in Hanover County, including Haw's Shop, Totopotomoy Creek, and Bethesda Church, and laid plans for his desperately outnumbered army to intercept Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's advance on Richmond. Lee telegraphed urgent appeals for reinforcements from nearby Atlee's Station on the Virginia Central Railroad. On . . . — Map (db m15753) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Atlee — 50 — Totopotomoy Line — Confederate Works |
| | Fortifications on this hill mark the strong confederate works along Totopotomoy Creek, prepared as a defensive position in General Lee’s withdrawal from the Rapidan to the James. Engagements here May 29-30, 1864, were preliminary to the Second Battle of Cold Harbor. — Map (db m14259) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Atlee — 51 — Totopotomoy Line — Federal Works |
| | Crossing the road at this point were Federal entrenchments heavily shelled by the Confederates in the operation of May 29-30, 1864, immediately preceding the Second Battle of Cold Harbor. The nearby Shelton House was mentioned frequently in dispatches. — Map (db m14261) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Beaverdam — W 214 — Scotchtown |
| | A mile north is Scotchtown, Patrick Henry's Home, 1771-1777. Dolly Madison, President James Madison's wife, lived here in her girlhood. Layfayette was here in May, 1781, retreating northward before Cornwallis. Cornwallis passed here in June, 1781, moving westward. — Map (db m21924) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Beaverdam — ND-8 — The Depot at Beaver Dam |
| | The first railroad depot at Beaver Dam was built ca. 1840 to serve the farmers of Hanover and Louisa counties. Its strategic location during the Civil War made it a target of many Union raids. The July 20, 1862, raid saw the depot burned and Colonel John S. Mosby, the Gray Ghost, captured as he awaited a train to take him to General Stonewall Jackson. Rebuilt after this raid, the deopt was again burned by Union troops on February 29, 1864, and May 9, 1864, the last time by the cavalry of . . . — Map (db m5186) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 6 — "Come on to Richmond" — May 24, 1864 6:00pm |
| | Despite the disaster that had befallen the 35th Massachusetts, General Ledlie became even more determined to secure Ox Ford. Against the orders of his division commander, the drunken general ordered his unsupported brigade to assault the Confederate trenches before you. Mahone’s Confederates allowed the Federals to advance well into the field and, when Ledlie’s soldiers were within two hundred yards, opened on them with a deadly artillery and rifle fire. As rain from a heavy thunderstorm burst . . . — Map (db m20957) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 7 — "Save yourselves if you can" — May 24, 1864 6:00 - 7:00pm |
| | As the imperiled Union brigade huddled in the ravine before you, General Mahone recognized that their bold assault was unsupported and ordered General Harris to send a regiment from these trenches to attack them. At 6:45 p.m. the 12th Mississippi came out of its earthworks and ran down the slope to your front, firing a volley at point blank range. Simultaneously, the 8th and 11th Alabama hit the exposed Union right flank. Ledlie’s men broke for the safety of the trees behind them. Several Union . . . — Map (db m20959) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — ACE Roller Coaster Landmark |
| | The American Coaster Enthusiasts recognize Rebel Yell as an ACE Roller Coaster Landmark, a designation reserved for rides of historic significance.
Designed by John C. Allen (1907-1979) of the Philadelphia Toboggan Company, the 92-foot high wooden racing coaster opened on May 3, 1975, with each of its two track measuring 3,368-feet. Featured prominently in the motion picture Rollercoaster, the Rebel Yell was selected as the site of the world championship roller coaster marathon, . . . — Map (db m19072) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 10 — Artillery Duel — May 25 - 26, 1864 |
| | You are standing before the trench line of the 10th Georgia Battalion, which held the right flank of Wright’s brigade. The Florida brigade and Lane’s artillery battalion held the position across the ravine to your right. On May 25 and 26 cannon and sharpshooter fire was almost constant across the river. During this period the Union artillery, firing at the rate of about three rounds per minute, hurled at least 3,000 rounds into these ridges and ravines. On May 26 Union gunners opened fire with . . . — Map (db m20971) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — EA 4 — Attack at Ox Ford — 24 May 1864 |
| | A half mile north, a brigade of Union infantry commanded by Brig. Gen. James H. Ledlie struck the center of Lee’s army, which blocked Grant’s approach to Richmond. Formidable earthworks hastily erected by Brig. Gen. William H. Mahone’s division anchored the Confederate battle line at Ox Ford on the North Anna River. Although instructed to use “utmost caution,” Ledlie, fortified with alcohol, ordered a charge. His men were bloodily repulsed and suffered more than 200 casualities, . . . — Map (db m21054) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 3 — Battle on the Skirmish Line — May 24, 1864 2:00pm - 4:00pm |
| | Grant misinterpreted Lee’s withdrawal on May 23 and 24 as Confederate weakness and ordered the Army of the Potomac to brush aside any scattered Rebel resistance and advance to Richmond. Major General Ambrose E. Burnside received orders to move his Ninth Corps across the North Anna at Ox Ford and connect the two wings of the army as they advanced. Burnside quickly found the ford so strongly held that a crossing was impossible. Shortly after noon, attempting to flank the Southern defenders, he . . . — Map (db m20953) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Boo Boo's Tree Swings |
| | Opened May, 1975
This "Kiddie Chair Carousel" (as named by the manufacturer Intamin AG of Switzerland) has also operated under names "Totem-Go-Round" and "Hickory Limbs" since its opening debut.
A concrete "tree" surrounds the original ride structure.
The construction cost in 1975 was $24,555. Fun Fact
The ride was shipped from Europe on the Soviet freighter "Novolvovsk". — Map (db m22726) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Boulder Bumpers |
| | Opened May, 1975
The Boulder Bumpers is a miniature version of the Dodgem car ride in Candy Apple Grove. It features two-rider cars, built by Bertazzon of Italy, that run on a 59' x 30' steel-plated floor. the ride structure is painted concrete "boulders".
A 70 volt DC motor mounted to the steering column both steers and powers the cars.
The ride cost about $138,932 in 1975.
Fun Fact
There are approximately 4,600 screws holding the steel floor plates down. — Map (db m22700) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Z 155 — Caroline County / Hanover County |
| | Caroline County
Area 529 Square Miles
Formed in 1727 from Essex, King and Queen, and King William. Named for Queen Carline, wife of King George II. George Rogers Clark, Conqueror of the Northwest, passed his youth in this county.
Hanover County
Area 512 Square Miles
Formed in 1720 from New Kent, and named for the Electorate of Hanover. Patrick Henry and Henry Clay were born in this county. In it were fought the Battles of Gaines's Mill, 1862 and Cold Harbor, 1864. — Map (db m10642) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — E 111 — Church Quarter |
| | The two-room log house, a rare survivor of a once-common house type, was built about 1843 probably by Sarah Thornton, whose father-in-law John Thornton acquired the property in 1790. On 16 July 1862, Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson and his staff stopped here and requested some water. The woman who lived here provided him a pitcher from which to drink. On learning Jackson's identity, she refused to let anyone else drink from it, saying that she would give it to her children as a momento . . . — Map (db m21921) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 2 — Colonel Weisiger's Virginians — May 24, 1864 1:00pm - 4:00pm |
| | The five Virginia regiments led by Colonel David A. Weisiger began construction of the trenches before you on the morning of May 24 and continued to work on them during the next two days. The Virginians had been resting quietly near Anderson’s Tavern on the Virginia Central Railroad when a reported Union advance -- a movement begun before noon by Warren’s Fifth Corps -- prompted Lieutenant General A.P. Hill to move the remainder General Mahone’s division here to protect Ox Ford. Four cannon of . . . — Map (db m20948) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Dead of the North Anna Battlefield |
| | This monument honors all the valiant men who lost their lives on the battlefields of the North Anna May 23-26, 1864 ”No more shall the war cry sever, or the winding rivers be red; They banish our anger forever when they laurel the graves of our dead! Under the sod and the dew, waiting the Judgement Day; Love and tears for the blue, tears and love for the gray.” In memory of Cpl. Michael Shortell 7th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, Company G, Iron Brigade Born: November 24, 1840 . . . — Map (db m15167) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — E 5 — Fork Church |
| | Fork Church was first housed in a 1722 frame building near the present church site. It was known as "The Chapel in the Forks" and derived its name from the nearby confluence of the North and South Anna rivers and the Little and Newfound rivers. The present building was erected between 1736 and 1740.
Erected in memory of Stuart Anderson Oliver, 1982 — Map (db m21922) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Hanover Junction — Critical Intersection — Lee vs. Grant — The 1864 Campaign |
| | This junction was one of the most pivotal sites for the well-being of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee’s army. Known during the war as Hanover Junction, it was the intersection of two important railroads. The Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad (RF&P) ran north from Richmond, past Guinea Station where “Stonewall” Jackson died in 1863, through Fredericksburg and to the Potomac River. The Virginia Central Railroad also came north from the capital city but veered west here and . . . — Map (db m3748) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — E 21 — Hanover Junction |
| | Two 19th-century railroads crossed at grade level just east: the Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac and the Virginia Central, which ran west to the Shenandoah Valley, the Confederacy’s breadbasket during the Civil War. This junction attained strategic importance in 1864 as the railroads carried supplies to Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and the Army of the Potomac attempted to disrupt that traffic to hinder Lee and capture Richmond. The Confederates, . . . — Map (db m14864) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — ND 10 — Meadow Farm — Birthplace of Secretariat |
| | This famous horsebreeding farm was established in 1936 by Christopher T. Chenery and continued under the management of his daughter, Helen “Penny” Chenery until 1979. Secretariat (1970–-1989), also known as “Big Red,” was born and trained here. A bright chestnut stallion with a white star and narrow stripe, he was a horse of uncommon excellence as he proved when he captured the Triple Crown in 1973. His win at the Belmont Stakes by 31 lengths won him the love and . . . — Map (db m1890) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — EA 1 — North Anna River Campaign — 21-26 May 1864 |
| | Approaching Richmond from the north after the Wilderness Campaign, Lt. General U.S. Grant sought to cross the North Anna River and capture the critical rail center at Hanover Junction (Doswell). General R. E. Lee ordered the construction of a complex web of earthworks here to defend the river crossing and junction. The Union army probed the defenses and captured some of them but soon abandoned the effort and moved east toward Cold Harbor. — Map (db m14867) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 4 — One Brigade Alone — May 24, 1864 3:00pm - 4:00pm |
| | The first unit of the Union Ninth Corps to cross the North Anna was Brigadier General James H. Ledlie’s brigade. His 1,500 infantrymen were ready to advance by 3:00 p.m., despite having been soaked up to their armpits while crossing the river. Unfortunately for the Federals, one of the worst generals in the Union army commanded them. Ledlie had commanded the brigade for only seven days and had obtained little knowledge of his men. Worse, the general had consumed a large amount of whiskey and . . . — Map (db m20955) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 9 — One More River to Cross — May 24 - 26, 1864 |
| | From the gun pits served by McIntosh’s artillery battalion, you can easily see the natural strength of the Confederate position. The repulse of Ledlie’s brigade served as a warning to Grant that Lee was still on the North Anna in great strength and would fight to hold his line. On the evening of May 24, Grant found his army divided by the river into three parts.
Lee, due to personal illness, was unable to take advantage of Grant’s mistake. During the time when the enemy was most vulnerable . . . — Map (db m20967) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Ranger Smith's Jeep Tour |
| | Opened May, 1975
Operating 25 years in the same corner of what was originally called "The Happy Land of Hanna-Barbera", this popular children's jeep ride was manufactured by Intamin AG of Switzerland.
This "Kiddie Merry Hunting" ride cost about $41,000 in 1975.
Fun Fact
The "Ranger's Hat" centerpiece was made by International Amusement Devices, Inc. of Dayton, Ohio at a cost of $3,175. — Map (db m22724) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — The Blue Ridge Tollway |
| | Opened May, 1975
Built near a wooded section of the park once known as Shady Grove, guests could walk through the woods and watch these 4/5 scale replicas of classic automobiles.
The cars are modeled after 1917 Model T Fords.
The top speed is about 6 miles per hour.
The cars cost about $4,400 each in 1974.
Fun Fact
Based on the consumer price index, these same cars would cost $13,985 in 2000. — Map (db m20886) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — The Carrousel — Kings Dominion — Opened May, 1975 |
| | Manufactured by the Philadelphia Toboggan Company, "No. 44" first opened in 1917 at Riverside park in Springfield, Massachusetts. In 1938 the ride was sold to Roger Williams Park in Providence, Rhode Island, then came to Kings Dominion in 1973 during park construction.
"Carrousel" with two R's is the original spelling of this word.
The Carrousel still operates on the original Auchy Friction Drive, a device patented in 1969.
The ride features 66 hand-carved boxwood horses, of . . . — Map (db m19074) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — The Eiffel Tower |
| | Opened May, 1975
Standing on concrete footers extending sixteen feet below ground, the Eiffel Towers is 331'-6" tall, weighs about 800 tones and is a 1/3 replica of the original. The top observation platform is 275 feet high, and offers a spectacular view of the Virginia countryside.
There are 440 steps from the ground to the elevator motor house.
The tower requires 1,500 gallons of paint.
Fun Fact
Tower construction took about 2 years prior to its 1975 opening. — Map (db m21832) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — The Fight for North Anna / The North Anna Battlefield |
| | (west side of Marker): The Fight for North Anna On May 21, 1864, Union General Ulysses S. Grant directed the Army of the Potomac away from Spotsylvania Court House in a turning movement toward Hanover Junction, today known as Doswell. The Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, under the command of General Robert E. Lee, had checked Grant’s southward advance at the Wilderness, May 5-6, and at Spotsylvania Court House, May 8-20, 1864. Grant was determined to continue his advance and . . . — Map (db m15164) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 5 — The Heart of Dixie — May 24, 1864 3:45pm |
| | The trenches before you were manned by the soldiers of Brigadier General Nathaniel Harris’ brigade of Mississippians, who had deployed just to the right of Sanders’ Alabamians by 1:00 p.m. on the 24th. The small pits behind the trench line served as an area from which the brigade commander, his staff, and his medical and supply personnel could operate in relative safety. From this point, Alabama soldiers ventured out at about 3:45 p.m. on the 24th and captured several men of the 35th . . . — Map (db m20956) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 8 — The Inverted V — May 23, 1864 6:45pm |
| | You are now standing in the tip of the famous “inverted V” position constructed by Lee’s army along the North Anna River. The trenches on your left continued to the Little River, while those on the right anchored on a bend in the North Anna below Hanover Junction. This area was held by Brigadier General Ambrose “Rans” Wright’s Georgia brigade which assisted in repelling Ledlie’s brigade on the evening of May 24. The 2nd Georgia Infantry Battalion of Wright’s brigade held . . . — Map (db m20961) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Stop 1 — The Ox Ford Road — May 23, 1864 11:00am - 8:00pm |
| | At 11:00 a.m. six cannon of Major John Lane’s Georgia artillery battalion, followed closely by Brigadier General Edward A. Perry’s weakened 270-man Florida infantry brigade, moved down this road to cover the vital crossing of Ox Ford. As the Union army threatened to cross the North Anna, eleven cannon of Lieutenant Colonel David G. McIntosh’s artillery battalion, supported by Brigadier General Ambrose “Rans” Wright’s Georgia infantry brigade, raced along the Ox Ford Road to . . . — Map (db m20946) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — The Scooby-Doo Ghoster Coaster |
| | The Scooby-Doo Ghoster Coaster opened in 1974 with Lion Country Safari, making it the first ride to operate at Kings Dominion. The figure 8 layout is patterned after a similar coaster that once ran at Cincinnati's Old Coney amusement park.
The track is 1,385 feet long.
The avarage speed is 10.5 miles-per-hour.
The ride was repainted and re-themed in 1997.
Opened May, 1975
Fun Fact: The lift hill is 35 feet tall. — Map (db m10649) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — The Shenandoah Lumber Company |
| | Patterned after the old flumes built to transport lumber out of the west coast mountains at the turn of the century, this is a classic log flume designed and manufactured for family fun.
Water flows through the trough at 3,500 gallons per minute, powered by two 100 horsepower pumps.
About 800,000 guests ride the flume every year.
Opened May, 1975
Fun fact The reservoir holds 250,000 gallons of water. — Map (db m10776) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — The Shockwave |
| | The second stand-up roller coaster built in the United States, and the first introduced on the east coast.
The ride features 2,210 feet of track & a lift hill 93 feet tall.
The ride was repainted in 2000 to celebrate our 25th anniversary.
Opened April, 1986.
Fun Fact: Formerly located on this site was the "Galaxie" roller coaster and the "Flying Carpets" Giant Slide. — Map (db m10754) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — The Wave Swinger |
| | Opened May, 1975
Built by Zierer, The Wave Swinger is named for its wave-like motion, creating a thrilling experience for guests of all ages. Note the craftmanship of the original oil paintings on the center column and top crown, cleaned and retouched in 1997.
This particular model has 48 seats.
In addition to the original oil paintings, the ride is covered with fiberglass decorations & filigree trim.
Fun Fact
The Wave Swinger hydraulic system is concealed underground. — Map (db m21836) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Volcano — The Blast Coaster — Paramount's Kings Dominion |
| | Volcano, The Blast Coaster was introduced in 1998, and in 2000 still reigns as the world's first and fastest suspended blast coaster.
Riders are blasted 155 feet vertically through the mouth of an active volcano.
Volcano, the Blast Coaster is the world's first linear-induction suspended roller coaster.
Fun Fact
The mountain was originally constructed in 1979 with 3 rides: the Land of Dooz (later Smurf Mountain), The Voyage to Atlantis (later the Haunted River) & The Time Shaft. — Map (db m17796) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Doswell — Water Works |
| | Water Works is 16 acres of wet family fun, offering a total of 28 water slides and attractions, and free with a paid admission to the park.
"Hurricane Reef" first opened in 1992 with 20 water slides, then doubled its size in 1999 with the addition of eight more water attractions, including "Pipeline Peak" in 2000.
Fun Fact
Big Wave Bay contains 650,000 gallons of water. — Map (db m20889) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Glen Allen — Z 193 — Hanover County / Henrico County |
| | (Obverse)
Hanover County
Area 512 Square Miles
Formed in 1720 from New Kent, and named for the electorate of Hanover. Patrick Henry and Henry Clay were born in this county. In it were fought the battles of Gaines's Mill, 1862, and Cold Harbor, 1864.
(Reverse)
Henrico County
Area 280 Square Miles
An original shire formed in 1634. Named for Henrico Town, founded in 1611, which was named for Henry, Prince of Wales. The battles of Seven Pines, Savage's . . . — Map (db m25366) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — ND 6 — Clay's Birthplace |
| | Three miles northwest is Clay Spring, where Henry Clay was born, April 12, 1777. He passed most of his early life in Richmond, removing to Kentucky in 1797. His career as a public man and as a peacemaker between North and South is an important part of American history. — Map (db m21923) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — ND 9 — Cornwallis’s Route |
| | Lord Cornwallis, marching northward in pursuit of Lafayette’s American force, camped near here, May 30, 1781. He entered this road from the east on his way from Hanover Town to the North Anna at Chesterfield Ford (Telegraph Bridge). — Map (db m1918) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — Hanover Confederate Soldiers Monument |
| | Hanover
to her
Confederate Soldiers
and to her
Noble Women
who loved them
1861-1865 — Map (db m16228) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — Hanover Court House — Erected in 1735 |
| | (Obverse)
Near here lived in 1610 Machumps, brother-in-law to King Powhatan.
Near here were born Patrick Henry and Henry Clay.
In this building on 1st December 1763 Patrick Henry lighted the torch of liberty in the Parson’s Cause.(over)
Erected by Hanover Branch A.P.V.A. 1929
(Reverse)
Here in 1781 were the headquarters of Lord Cornwallis and Lt. Col. Tarleton.
Fierce battle fought here 27th May 1862.
On 13th June 1862 General Stuart passed on his ride . . . — Map (db m15883) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — Hanover Tavern — War Comes to Hanover Courthouse |
| | This community’s first real taste of war came in May 1862, when Gen. George B. McC1e11an’s Union army moved from the east to threaten Richmond. On May 25, McClellan ordered troops to reconnoiter the Hanover Courthouse area and push back any enemy found there. Meanwhile, Confederates concentrated four miles southwest of here around Peake’s Turnout, with orders to protect the Virginia Central Railroad. The opposing forces made contact near the Peakes depot on May 27, a spirited fight ensued, and . . . — Map (db m15818) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — ND 12 — Janie Porter Barrett — (9 Aug. 1865-27 Aug. 1948) |
| | Janie Porter Barrett was born in Athens, Ga. She graduated from Hampton Institute and soon began teaching home-management techniques to other young African American women and girls. In 1915, Barrett founded the Industrial School for Wayward Colored Girls nearby, the third reform school specifically for black girls in the United States. The school long survived its predecessors in Maryland and Missouri, and was also the first - and for several years the only - such state-supported school. . . . — Map (db m22272) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — ND 13 — John Henry Smyth |
| | (14 July 1844–5 Sept. 1908)
Born in Richmond, Va., to a free black mother and enslaved father, John Henry Smyth graduated from Howard University Law School in Washington, D.C., in 1872 and worked variously as a teacher, bank cashier, lawyer, and newspaper editor. He served as minister resident and consul general to Liberia, 1878–1885. His most enduring legacy, however, is the Hanover Juvenile Correctional Center, founded by him in 1897 as the Virginia Manual Labor School, among . . . — Map (db m1917) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — ND 3 — Newmarket |
| | Newmarket stood on the Little River near Verdon in northern Hanover County until 1987, when to preserve it Robert W. Cabaniss moved it to this site. The seat of the Doswell family for whom the town of Doswell was named, the house is the sole survivor of a large plantation complex that once included a gristmill, tanyard, and cotton factory. James Doswell, a Revolutionary War veteran, probably built Newmarket in the late eighteenth century. — Map (db m15852) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Hanover — Washington-Rochambeau Route |
| | General Washington and General Rochambeau passed her on Sept. 13, 1781 on their way to victory at Yorktown. One mile south, they turned east on state rout 605.
The marking of this route is a gift from the French Government. Committee of the Bicentennial 1776-1976 — Map (db m15884) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — “The Old Church” — Erected on this spot in 1753 |
| | Established originally on the Pamunkey River prior to 1684
Subsequently moved to the village of “Old Church” and rebuilt in 1718
The Rev. Patrick Henry officiated 1737-1777 — Map (db m15886) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 2nd Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery — Connecticut Remembers Her Fallen Sons |
| | Late on the afternoon of June 1, 1864, Col. Elisha Strong Kellogg and his 2nd Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery attacked Confederate entrenchments to the west along with other Federal troops from the Sixth and the Eighteenth Corps. Kellogg advanced his 1500 men across this ground in three battalions with weapons at port arms. The combined Union attacks resulted in the capture of approximately 300 prisoners. Maj. Gen. Robert F. Hoke’s Confederate division halted their further progress with . . . — Map (db m15228) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 36th Wisconsin |
| | . . . — Map (db m15901) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — A Captured Trench |
| | On the morning of June 1, 1864, Confederate soldiers of Thomas Clingman’s North Carolina brigade frantically dug this trench. They anticipated a Union assault later in the day. Around 6:00 p.m. Federal troops of the VI Corps moved into position near Old Cold Harbor, a half-mile to the east, and with two hours of daylight remaining, received orders to attack. This would be part of the first Union assault at Cold Harbor.
Emory Upton’s brigade of 2600 Union infantry attacked here. An intense, . . . — Map (db m16883) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — A Deadly Delay |
| | The Union assaults of June 3 failed on nearly all fronts. For the next three days, while Federal wounded lay untended between the lines, Generals U. S. Grant and R. E. Lee struggled over the details of a truce. On June 7, more than 100 hours after the attack, the generals agreed to a two-hour truce. Along one part of the line work parties found 244 Union dead and only three survivors.
One New Jersey soldier recalled that during the truce the former enemies were
talking to each . . . — Map (db m16886) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — A Dreadful Harvest — Cold Harbor Battlefield Park Walking Trail |
| | The grim drama at Cold Harbor cost some 13,000 Federals and nearly 5,0000 Confederates killed, wounded, or captured. Southern morale soared after the battle, while Grant’s men were embittered by the lopsided defeat. One Union officer wrote that it was “a murderous engagement” because “we were recklessly ordered to assault the enemy’s entrenchments.” The gallantry of the Union soldiers at Cold Harbor is a powerful testament to their commitment. “This is a pretty . . . — Map (db m16188) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — A Lethal Occupation |
| | From this advanced Confederate line, constructed after the grand Union assault of June 3, Lee’s sharpshooters searched for targets. They were near enough to the Federal line that enemy voices could be heard.
Between June 3 and June 12 constant skirmishing, artillery firing, and the deadly business of the Union and Confederate sharpshooters characterized the Cold Harbor fighting. Up and down the lines soldiers feared the work of these marksmen with their long range rifles. One Virginia . . . — Map (db m16887) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — A Powerful Postion |
| | General Porter held an impressive defensive position above Boatswain’s Creek. The first line of battle stood at the base of the hill to your front. The second line was posted nearby, and the third was along the crest behind you, where most of the artillery had unlimbered.
All three parallel lines of battle enjoyed clear fields of fire through the scattered, open woods. One Confederate considered Porter’s position “the strongest point I saw occupied by either army during the war.” — Map (db m16393) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — A Well Preserved Union Artillery Position |
| | You are standing in front of a Union artillery battery, located on a commanding hill about 400 yards behind the front lines. From here Union officers watched for activity along the Confederate lines, and opened fire with a barrage of shells whenever they spotted a target. Southern cannoneers responded, but their projectiles either ripped into the ground in front of the Union guns, or passed harmlessly overhead.
Rarely during this two week battle were the guns silent. Constant shelling . . . — Map (db m16196) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — O 12 — Battle Of Bethesda Church |
| | Here stood Bethesda Church, founded about 1830 and used by Baptists and Disciples of Christ until it burned in 1868. In May 1864, during the Civil War, Maj. Gen. Gouverneur K. Warren's V Corps formed the left flank of Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Union line here, facing Gen. Robert E. Lee's army. On 30 May, Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early's attack on Warren's position failed. Early attacked again on 2 June, but was beaten back by Maj. Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside's IX Corps. The next day Grant assaulted the . . . — Map (db m15672) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 25 — Battle of Cold Harbor — Position of the Federal Sixth Corps |
| | Advancing on June 1, 1864 from Old Cold Harbor, the Federal Sixth Corps occupied this and adjacent positions from which on June 3 the Army of the Potomac delivered repeated assaults against the main Confederate defences, which were approximately 400 yards westward. — Map (db m14231) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 26 — Battle of Cold Harbor — The Field of the Heaviest Losses |
| | This was approximately the farthest point gained and held by the Federals in their assaults of June 3, 1864 on the Confederate main line, 130 yards to the west. The heaviest losses sustained by the Federals were along and on either side of this road. — Map (db m14232) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 27 — Battle of Cold Harbor — The Confederate Main Line |
| | Here Longstreet’s Corps, with Breckinridge and A.P. Hill’s Corps to the southward, repulsed on June 3, 1864, fourteen assaults from the East against the confederate main line. The federal losses, about 7000, were the heaviest ever sustained in America in so brief an action. Placed by the Confederate Memorial Literary Society. — Map (db m14234) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 28 — Battle of Cold Harbor — Main Line of Anderson’s Left Wing |
| | The Confederate earthworks here crossing this road were occupied May 31 – June 12, 1864, by the Left Division “Fields” of the First Corps. Then commanded by R.H. Anderson. Heavily attacked on June 3, this part of the line was held against repeated assaults. — Map (db m14235) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 29 — Battle of Cold Harbor — Position of the Confederate Left Wing |
| | On the main Confederate line, eight miles long, which here crossed the Old Church Road, the Federal Army, June 3, 1864, made numerous futile and costly charges. The heaviest of these were three miles southeastward and were accounted “the worst slaughter of the war”. — Map (db m14236) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — E 130 — Battle of Cold Harbor — Flag of Truce |
| | On 5 June 1864, two hot days after Gen. Robert E. Lee's bloody repulse of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's frontal assault, Federal Lt. Col. Theodore Lyman met Confederate Maj. Thomas J. Wooten nearby on Cold Harbor Road to initiate written communication on the plight of the Union wounded between the lines. Confederate Gen. A. P. Hill's trenches stood 800 yards west, and skirmishers' rifle pits survive only 200 yards away. Because Lee and Grant disagreed on terms, two more days elapsed before they . . . — Map (db m15667) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — O 11 — Battle of Cold Harbor |
| | The left of Lee's line at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864, crossed the road here. The main battle took place to the east, where Grant attacked Lee's trenches without success. — Map (db m15670) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Bayonets Are For Digging |
| | This covered-way, constructed after June 3, connected the main Confederate line behind you to the low ground in front. A South Carolinian stationed near here recalled:
To guard against the shells that were continually dropping in our midst or outside of our works, the soldiers began burrowing like rabbits in rear of our earthworks and building covered-ways from their breastwork to the ground below. In a few days men could go the length of a regiment without being exposed in the least, . . . — Map (db m16891) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 3 — Beaver Dam Creek |
| | Confederate troops pursuing Federals retreating eastward from Mechanicsville here came under heavy fire from across Beaver Dam Creek and were halted with loss in the late afternoon of June 26, 1862. — Map (db m14220) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Beaver Dam Creek — Richmond Battlefield — Richmond Nat’l Battlefield Pk – 1862/64 |
| | General Robert E. Lee’s plan on June 26, 1862 did not anticipate a direct assault on the Union position here at Beaver Dam Creek. He hoped to maneuver instead of force to drive Fitz John Porter’s troops away from their powerful entrenchments. But Lee’s carefully crafted plan fell apart. Poor coordination among his various columns caused delays. Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson’s 20,000 men were not able to get into position north of here, above Beaver Dam Creek, before sunset. . . . — Map (db m14983) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Between the Lines |
| | You are standing now just in front of the main section of Confederate fortifications. The primary line of Union entrenchments is 200 yards to your left. With the end of Grant’s attacks on the afternoon of June 3, the battle followed a less noisy but more sinister course. For the next nine days the armies hunkered down in their trenches and kept a wary eye on each other. Active sharpshooters prevented the men from showing themselves above the tops of the earthworks, while mortars randomly rained . . . — Map (db m15257) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — O 68 — Cavalry Action at Cold Harbor |
| | On 31 May 1864, Brig. Gen. Wesley Merritt’s Union cavalry brigade, operating under Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, advanced along this road and through these fields. Maj. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee’s Confederate horsemen fought a fluid defensive battle, gradually withdrawing to a stronger position at the Cold Harbor crossroads just west of here. The Mantlo farmhouse on the north side of this road was here during the action. Later, before the Union army left Cold Harbor on 12-13 June, it erected a . . . — Map (db m17558) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Cold Harbor Battlefield — Richmond Battlefield — Richmond Nat’l Battlefield Pk – 1862/64 |
| | Here Grant and Lee, with combined armies numbering some 180,000 men, fought for two weeks in May and June of 1864. They came here directly after the battles of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and North Anna River. Grant stretched his line to seven miles here and attacked, but his assaults, especially on June 1 and 3, failed. Undaunted, he marched his army south to Petersburg and began the long process of cutting Richmond’s supply lines. Although these fields and woodlots around Cold Harbor . . . — Map (db m15047) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Cold Harbor Battlefield Walking Trail — Hanover County Parks and Recreation |
| | For thirteen days Union and Confederate armies faced each other around Cold Harbor, their lines separated by only 150 yards of ravaged ground. Twice, on June 1 and June 3 1864, savage fighting erupted when the Federals launched massive assaults against the entrenched Confederates. You are standing near the center of the Union lines, held by the Sixth Corps. From here, Grant’s lines extended two miles south to the Chickahominy River and nearly five miles to the north. To view this section of . . . — Map (db m16214) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 30 — Cold Harbor Campaign — Advanced Position of Ewell's Corps |
| | The second advanced position held by Ewell’s Confederate Corps here crossed the Old Church Road. This position was evacuated by the Confederates on the night of May 30, 1864. Occupied by the Federals on May 31 and attacked from the West by Southern troops on June 1. — Map (db m14237) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 31 — Cold Harbor Campaign — Advanced Position of Ewell's Corps |
| | Across the Old Church road at this point ran the advanced line of about 700 yards held by part of Ewell’s Confederate Corps on May 30, 1864. Abandoned that night, the position was occupied May 31 by troops of the Fifth Federal corps. — Map (db m14238) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Cold Harbor: June 2, 1864 — Hanover County Parks and Recreation |
| | This drawing (below) by the famous Civil-War artist, Alfred Waud, provides a rare glimpse of the Cold Harbor battlefield, sketched from this very spot on June 2, 1864. Union cannons blazed away at the Confederate lines only a half-mile in front of you. The Garthright House and outbuildings can be seen in the background. The tree-lined Cold Harbor road sits off to the right. The sketch appeared in the June 25, 1864, issue of Harper’s Weekly with the following description by the artist: . . . — Map (db m15279) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Confederate Breastworks |
| | This remarkably preserved stretch of the main Confederate line saw little action. Although the land here was much less wooded in 1864, its occupants appreciated the partial shelter offered by the low ground. The soldiers took advantage of it to erect some of the strongest positions to be seen anywhere on the battlefield. The Union front line is 500 yards east of here.
Both sides were sensitive to the presence of Bloody Run, which flows just to your right. Grant’s infantry had used the . . . — Map (db m16890) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Confederate Position — Cold Harbor - 1864 |
| | These earthworks are the center of the Confederate line – six miles of overlapping entrenchments. Taking advantage of the Union delay, the Confederates prepared defenses that swept every approach with cannon and rifle-musket. Across open ground came the Union assault, lethally exposed. Today there are trees, some undergrowth. On June 3, 1864, Federal soldiers had no place to take cover. — Map (db m15230) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Confederate Pursuit |
| | By nightfall Porter’s force had safely retreated across the Chickahominy. Lee had sustained nearly 9,000 casualties in his first victory of the war, while the Federals lost close to 6,000. “I could hear on all sides the dreadful groans of the wounded,” wrote one soldier, “oh the awful scene witnesses on the battlefield.” Determined to destroy McClellan’s army before it reached the James River, Lee continued to attack the retreating Federals. The armies . . . — Map (db m15233) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — O 13 — Cornwallis's Route |
| | Gen. Charles Cornwallis and his British forces left Petersburg on 24 May 1781 to attack the Marquis de Lafayette and his troops stationed in Richmond. Learning of Cornwallis's movements, Lafayette abandoned the city on 27 May and moved north through Hanover County to the North Anna River. After bivouacking at White Oak Swamp on 27 May, Cornwallis pursued Lafayette through Hanover County until 1 June, when the British troops reached the North Anna River. There Cornwallis sent his forces west in . . . — Map (db m22373) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Digging In |
| | By the time the armies reached Cold Harbor soldiers on both sides were adept at building earthworks. The trenches before you are typical of the works that stretched for nearly seven miles and defined the fighting here at Cold Harbor. Union general John Gibbon wrote, “A few hours were all that was necessary to render any position so strong by breastworks that the opposite party was unable to carry it and it became a recognized fact amongst the men themselves that when the enemy had . . . — Map (db m16207) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — O 24 — Edmund Ruffin's Grave |
| | Here at Marlbourne is the grave of Edmund Ruffin (1794-1865), one of the leading American agriculturists of the 19th century. He published and edited the Farmer's Register, an agricultural journal, for several years. In 1843, Ruffin moved to Marlbourne, where he performed many experiments to maintain the fertility of the soil using marl (a natural deposit of calcium carbonate) as fertilizer, resulting in increased crop yields. An ardent secessionist, he fired one of the first shots at . . . — Map (db m22364) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Eighth N. Y. Heavy Artillery — Cold Harbor |
| | Eighth N. Y. Heavy Artillery
Col. Peter A. Porter
4th Brigade, 2D Division, 2D Corps
Army of the Potomac
Roll of Honor
Killed or died of wounds received in the
Battle of Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864
Col. Peter A. Porter — Map (db m16286) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — 4 — Ellerson's Mill |
| | From this main position above Ellerson's Mill, the Federal regulars who had stopped the Confederate advance of June 26, 1862 withdrew during the night, having discovered that "Stonewall" Jackson was turning their right flank. — Map (db m14198) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Federal Artillery Battery — Cold Harbor Battlefield Park Walking Trail |
| | Under the cover of night, Union artillerists left their horses at the foot of the hill behind you and dragged six rifled cannon up the slope by hand. The guns were then placed side by side inside this redoubt, with earthen mounds known as traverses, separating them for protection. The ammunition chests were carried behind the guns and placed in trenches dug for their protection. One artilleryman recalled that spare ammunition was wrapped in raincoats and placed near the guns. This hill . . . — Map (db m16199) |
| Virginia (Hanover County), Mechanicsville — Field Hospital — Garthright House - 1864 |
| | During the Battle of Cold Harbor in June, 1864, the Union turned this middle-class plantation into a field hospital. The residents – forced to move to the basement – watched blood dripping down between the floorboards. After Grant left for Petersburg, the Confederates set up their field hospital in the Garthright House. — Map (db m15227) |
Subscribe
— Privacy Policy
— Terms of Use
— About Us
— Contact Us
HMdb.org