| Delaware (New Castle County), Bear — NC-126 — Sgt. James P. Connor Memorial Circle |
| | Born in Wilmington, Delaware, on January 12, 1919, James P. Connor entered the U.S. Army in January 1941. As a member of the 7th Infantry, 3rd Division, he was a participant in the amphibious landing at Cape Cavalaire in southern France. On August 15, 1944, Sgt. Connor was assigned to a battle patrol whose mission was to destroy enemy fortifications that threatened the troops that were coming ashore. Seriously wounded by a mine that killed his platoon lieutenant, Sgt. Connor refused medical aid . . . — Map (db m10700) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Christiana — NC-173 — Christiana Presbyterian Church |
| | Known in its early days as the "Presbyterian Church at Christiana Bridge," this congregation was organized in the 1730s. A church structure was built on this site soon after and a graveyard was established by the mid-18th century. Rev. Charles Tennant served as the first minister of the church, and the prominent English evangelist George Whitefield, a friend of the Tennant family, reportedly preached to a large gathering near this church in the late 1730s. Formally incorporated on July 29, . . . — Map (db m14752) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Christiana — NC-98 — Christiana United Methodist Church |
| | The origin of this congregation may be traced to the earliest days of Methodism in America. In March, 1771, Joseph Pilmore, one of the first Methodist missionaries from England, preached outdoors at Christiana. Upon returning in 1773, Reverend Pilmore noted the enthusiastic response of local residents to the message and philosophy of church founder John Wesley. As a result of these early efforts, a "Society" of local Methodists was organized. Many of the first meetings were held in the homes of . . . — Map (db m13553) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Christiana — NC-184 — Old Fort Union American Methodist Episcopal Church |
| | In 1813 a group of African-American Methodists led by Peter Spencer formed an independent denomination that came to be known as the African Union Church. It was the first incorporated religious body in the United States controlled entirely by African Americans. Early meetings of the Christiana Bridge congregation were likely held at private residences until 1850, when a brick structure was built for worship. In 1854 the group was formally incorporated as the African Union Church of Christiana . . . — Map (db m13554) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Claymont — NC-176 — Archmere |
| | This was once the home of John Jakob Raskob (1879-1950), financier, DuPont and General Motors executive, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, and developer of the Empire State Building. Known as "The Patio," his palatial home was constructed 1916-18 in a style befitting his position in Wilmington society. The name "Archmere" was given to the surrounding estate because of the natural arch the trees formed over the Delaware River vista. This has been home to Archmere Academy since its . . . — Map (db m14697) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Claymont — NC-123 — Church of the Ascension |
| | The roots of this congregation can be traced to 1843 and the missionary efforts of the Rev. Greenbury W. Ridgely and the Rt. Rev. Alfred Lee, who conducted services every other Sunday in the Claymont Stone School. The church was accepted into the Episcopal Diocese of Delaware as an organized congregation on May 28, 1851. The Rev. Ridgely was elected the first Rector. The first church was erected on property donated by the Rev. John B. Clemson, on the corner of Church Lane and Philadelphia Pike. . . . — Map (db m14700) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Claymont — NC-105 — Claymont Stone School |
| | Also known as Naaman's Creek School No. 1, THE CLAYMONT STONE SCHOOL was built on land donated by John Dickinson, the "Penman of the American Revolution," in 1805. The building was expanded and renovated in 1905. Evidence suggests that it may have been the first racially integrated public school in the State. The Claymont Stone School was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. — Map (db m14699) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Claymont — NC-99 — Old Claymont High School |
| | Constructed 1924-25. Also known as the Green Street School. Prominent in United States history as the first public high school in the 17 segregated states to be legally integrated.
In January 1951, eight black students applied for admission. Due to the “separate but equal” education system in place at that time, the Claymont Board of Education was unable to permit their entry. In July 1951, noted civil rights attorney Louis L. Redding of Wilmington filed a civil action suit . . . — Map (db m14705) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Claymont — NC-160 — Robinson House |
| |
The oldest portion of this structure is believed to have been built circa 1730. In the 1740s the house and surrounding property were sold to Philadelphia merchant Thomas Robinson. Other holdings included a milling operation and landing on nearby Naaman’s Creek. Following Thomas Robinson’s death the house passed to his son and namesake. Commissioned as a Pennsylvania Continental Army officer at the outset of the Revolution, the younger Thomas rose to the rank of Lt. Colonel, serving with . . . — Map (db m14704) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Claymont — NC-91 — The Darley House |
| | The home of world-renowned illustrator Felix O.C. Darley (1822-1888). Built in the late 18th century and enlarged several times during the first half of the 19th century, the house was purchased by Darley in 1863 and renamed "The Wren's Nest." During his career, Darley illustrated books for Washington Irving, Edgar Allen Poe, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Charles Dickens and James Fenimore Cooper. Two of his most notable works were Irving's The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Rip Van Winkle. . . . — Map (db m14137) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Delaware City — Batteries Hentig and Dodd — The 1890s modernization continued |
| | By the turn of the century, Fort Delaware had become part of a coastal defense system, linking Fort Mott in New Jersey and Fort Dupont in Delaware. Batteries* Hentig and Dodd, which each housed two rapid-fire guns, were intended to furnish close-range support for the submerged electric cables and torpedo net. Both batteries were named in honor of army officers who had died in action. ---------- * battery – two or more pieces of artillery used together. — Map (db m21662) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Delaware City — NC-100 — Christ Episcopal Church — Delaware City |
| | In 1847, the Reverend Andrew F. Freeman and the Reverend Thomas F. Billop were appointed as a committee to organize and solicit subscriptions for a Protestant Episcopal church in Delaware City. The parish was formally organized on May 28, 1848, when Bishop Alfred Lee officiated for the first time to a numerous congregation assembled in the Methodist Church. The church was officially admitted into full union at the following Diocesan Convention. A house of worship was provided by the . . . — Map (db m10208) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Delaware City — NC-97 — Delaware City School No. 118C |
| | In 1919 Delaware radically altered its state school system, opening a new era in the education of African-American youth. Progress was stimulated by the efforts of the Delaware School Auxiliary Association and its primary supporter, P.S. duPont, who conducted a statewide effort to replace outdated and overcrowded facilities. On March 9, 1922 the State received the deed for a new building to replace a school located in the Polktown section of the community. the facility housed grades 1 through . . . — Map (db m10445) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Delaware City — Delaware Historic Civil Engineering Landmark |
| | Chesapeake & Delaware Canal
Designated 1982, Delaware Section, ASCE — Map (db m10204) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Delaware City — Pea Patch Island |
| | Fort Delaware is located on Pea Patch Island in the Delaware River. The island is sometimes said to have gotten its name from a boat loaded with peas that ran aground on a mud shoal in the 1770s. The spilled peas sprouted, mud caught in the vines, and so the island grew. In 1794, the island appeared on a map from the first time. During the Civil War, Pea Patch Island was only about 75 acres in size (compared with almost 300 acres today). Earth dredged up from the river was dumped onto the . . . — Map (db m21589) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Delaware City — Sally Port |
| | In its original state, heavy iron-studded oak doors (like the one before you) stood at both ends of the sally port. Large granite blocks, quarried in Quincy, Massachusetts, line its walls. A sample of the fort’s fine brickwork can be seen on the ceiling. Note the mortar mixture of oyster shells and horsehair which has survived intact as a result of this protected location. — Map (db m21665) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Delaware City — The Diving Bell |
| | Made in Philadelphia 1839 for the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company, it was used as an air chamber for workmen to make underwater repairs on the lock gates. The canal was opened in 1829 and was operated until the sea level canal was opened at Reedy Point in 1927. This diving bell as restored in 1961 by the Delaware City Community Park District. — Map (db m10201) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Delaware City — W. Emerson Wilson — 1908 - 1982 |
| | In Memory of W. Emerson Wilson 1908 - 1982 Through his leadership Pea Patch Island was returned to the State of Delaware by the Federal Government in 1948. He was the founder and first president of the Fort Delaware Society, January 1950 and was elected chairman of the board in 1956. — Map (db m10207) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Middletown — NC-16 — Commodore Thomas Macdonough |
| | Early home of Commodore Thomas Macdonough. Hero of Battle of Lake Champlain 1814. Born 1783. Died 1825. Commodore 1813. Assisted Commodore Decatur in capturing and burning the "Philadelphia" off the coast of Tripoli, 1804. Original name of village "The Trap," changed to "Macdonough" 1814. His parents lie in old burying ground nearby. — Map (db m10305) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Middletown — NC-135 — Locust Grove — Home of Governor Joshua Clayton |
| | This home was once the residence of Joshua Clayton (1744-1798), an eminent physician and distinguished government leader in post-Revolutionary Delaware. After attending the University of Pennsylvania he established a successful local practice and was later one of the founders of the Medical Society of Delaware. At the outset of the Revolution he was commissioned as an officer in the Bohemia Manor Militia. Clayton's career as a statesman began with his election to the Delaware House of Assembly . . . — Map (db m10699) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Middletown — NC-118 — Middletown |
| | Beginning in the 1690s, settler Adam Peterson and his family acquired several tracts of land here. One tract, surveyed in 1733 was given the name "Middletown." The origin of the name is believed to derive from the area's location at the middle point of a road that led from the head of the Bohemia River to the banks of Appoquinimink Creek. Located at the intersection of this road was the busy King's Highway, this crossroads was an important stop for travelers by the mid-18th century. A tavern . . . — Map (db m10613) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Middletown — NC-144 — Middletown Academy |
| | In 1824 area residents petitioned the General Assembly for a lottery to erect a building for education and public worship. Construction of the Academy began in 1826 and was completed the next year. For many years the building served as the center of community activities. Previously a private institution, it became a part of the public school system in 1876. The school was closed in 1929. The building was deeded in 1945 to the St. Georges Hundred Historical Society, an organization formed to . . . — Map (db m10612) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Middletown — NC-114 — Sgt. William Lloyd Nelson — Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient |
| | William Lloyd Nelson was born near Dover, Delaware, on February 22, 1918. He was the son of J. Clarence and Carrie Phillips Nelson. Following his family's move to a farm near Middletown, he was educated in the public schools of the community. He attended Middletown High School when it was located here, graduating in 1937. An active member of the 4-H Club and Future Farmers of America, he was recognized for his athletic achievements in baseball, basketball and football. On January 9, 1941, he . . . — Map (db m10609) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Middletown — Welsh Tract |
| | Approximate southern boundary of tract of thirty thousand acres granted by William Penn to the Welsh in 1701. It included what is now Pencader Hundred, Delaware, and a part of Cecil County, Maryland. — Map (db m3769) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — Broad Dyke |
| | Original dyke built by Dutch 1655. Centre of Twelve Mile Circle marking top of Delaware, surveyed 1701, by Empson and Pusey. — Map (db m25532) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — NC-15 — Buena Vista |
| | Built in 1845 by John M. Clayton (1796-1856) Secretary of State in President Taylor's cabinet. He also served Delaware as U.S. Senator, jurist and Secretary of State. He drafted the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, which eventually guaranteed that the Panama Canal would be open to ships of all nations. This house is now a state museum. — Map (db m14131) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — Frenchtown Railroad Sleepers |
| | These stones were sleepers in the New Castle and Frenchtown Railroad. Completed in 1831. The first railroad in Delaware and one of the first in the United States. — Map (db m25531) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — Gunning Bedford House |
| | Built about 1760. Home of Gunning Bedford, eleventh governor of Delaware. Born 1742. Lieut-Col. in Haslet's Delaware Regiment. Wounded in Battle of White Plains 1776. Presidential Elector 1788. Also home of Caleb P. Bennett, twenty-ninth governor of Delaware. Born 1758. Served in Haslet's and Hall's Delaware Regiments. With Washington at Yorktown. Commanded forces at New Castle 1812. Great grandson of Daniel Boone. Later residence of Andrew C. Gray. Birthplace of George Gray, lawyer, statesman and judge. — Map (db m25558) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — Home of George Read |
| | Site of home of George Read. Born September 18, 1733. Died September 21, 1798. Member of The Congress of the Revolution. The convention that framed The Constitution of The United States, and of the first senate under it. Judge of Admiralty, President and Chief Justice of Delaware, and a signer of The Declaration of Independence. House destroyed by fire, April 1824. — Map (db m25560) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — NC-28 — Landing Place of William Penn |
| | Near here October 27, 1682, William Penn first stepped on American soil. He proceeded to the fort and performed Livery of Seisin. “He took the key, thereof,…we did deliver unto him 1 turf with a twig upon it, a porringer with river water and soyle, in part of all.” — Map (db m3530) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — New Castle and Frenchtown Railroad |
| | Built 1832. One of first railroads in country. Extended from this point to Frenchtown on the Elk River. Important connecting link between the North and South. Absorbed by Delaware Railroad 1856. — Map (db m3549) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — N.C. 13 — New Castle Common |
| | This land is part of a tract of one thousand acres set apart by William Penn in 1701 for the inhabitants of the town of New Castle. Trustees were appointed and incorporated by Penn’s heirs in 1764, whose successors still hold and manage the land. — Map (db m3212) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — Packet Alley |
| | Packet boats from Philadelphia met stage coaches here for Frenchtown, Maryland, chief line of communication from North to Baltimore and South. Andrew Jackson, David Crockett, Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, Lord Ashburton, Sam Houston, Louis Napoleon, Stonewall Jackson, Indians (led by Osceola and Black Hawk) en route to visit "Great Father" in Washington — all passed this way — Map (db m25559) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — Presbyterian Church |
| | Founded as a Dutch Reformed Church, 1657. The first building was on the Strand end of the church lot. This church was one of 7 which organized the first Presbytery in America in 1706. Present brick meeting house was built 1707. — Map (db m3383) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — NC-134 — Site of Bellanca Airfield |
| | An airfield, aircraft plant, and service hangar were built here in 1928 by Giuseppe Mario Bellanca and Henry B. duPont. An aviation pioneer, Bellanca immigrated from Italy in 1912. His plane Columbia was Charles Lindbergh's choice for a Trans-Atlantic crossing, but he was unable to secure its use. Two weeks after Lindbergh's flight Columbia was flown non-stop to Berlin, a world record 3,911 miles. Bellanca's Miss Veedol flew the first Trans-Pacific flight in 1931. Over the . . . — Map (db m14133) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — Site of Fort Casimir |
| | One hundred feet to the East of this point is the site of Fort Casimir. Erected by Dutch in 1651. Taken by Swedes 1654, called Fort Trafaldigheets or Trinity, retaken by Dutch under Petrus Stuyvesant in person September 11, 1655. — Map (db m25530) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — NC-158 — St. John's Lodge no. 2 — Grand Lodge of Delaware, A.F.&A.M. |
| | First chartered by the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania as Lodge No. 33 on April 3, 1781. Early meetings were held alternately at Christiana Bridge and New Castle. This was one of four Lodges whose representatives gathered in Wilmington on June 6 and 7, 1806, to form the Grand Lodge of Delaware. At this historic meeting the Lodge was formally warranted as St. John's Lodge No. 2. Joseph Israel, a Revolutionary War officer who had served as Charter Master of Lodge No. 33, was selected to serve as . . . — Map (db m14134) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), New Castle — The Green or Market Plaine |
| | Laid out by Petrus Stuyvesant, Dutch Governor, 1655. On this green stood the old jail and gallows. Here were held the great fairs and weekly markets from early times. — Map (db m3423) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-41 — American Position — Battle of Cooch's Bridge |
| | On September 3, 1777, an American Light Infantry Corps composed of Continental soldiers from New Jersey,m North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, with militia from Pennsylvania and Delaware, was stationed west of Christina Creek between Aikentown (Glasgow) and nearby Cooch's Bridge. Intended as an advance force with orders to give the British "as much trouble as you possibly can," they were met by Hessian and British troops moving forward on present-day Old Cooch's Bridge Road. Led . . . — Map (db m14788) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Battle of Cooch's Bridge |
| | American light infantry and cavalry under General William Maxwell encountered advance guard of British and Hessian troops under Generals Howe, Cornwallis and Knyphausen in this vicinity September 3, 1777. American troops were expert marksmen drafted by General Washington from the several brigades of his army then encamped near Wilmington. Only battle of American Revolution on Delaware soil and claimed to have been the first in which the Stars and Stripes were carried. Erected by the Patriotic . . . — Map (db m9774) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-106 — Deer Park Hotel |
| | Since the mid-18th century an establishment for public hospitality has existed here. The first building, of wood construction, was known as St. Patrick's Inn. Famous visitors included surveyors Mason and Dixon. The property was purchased by James S. Martin in 1847, and the core of the present structure was erected by him circa 1851. The new building was named The Deer Park Hotel. The coming of the railroad to Newark resulted in an increased demand for hotel and tavern accommodations. In the . . . — Map (db m9907) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Delaware's Field of Valor |
| | On 3 September 1777 an American light infantry corps under the command of Brigadier General William Maxwell engaged British and Hessian forces here in the Battle of Cooch's Bridge. Maxwell's Corps was composed of soldiers from New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia and militia from Delaware and Pennsylvania. This plaque is dedicated to those soldiers who sacrificed their lives for their country and whose remains rest beneath this field of battle. Their names and numbers unknown. We will always honor their valor and courage. — Map (db m14789) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-104 — Ebenezer United Methodist Church |
| | The first meetings of this congregation were held in the homes of its members. In 1824 a stone church building was erected at this location. The growth of the congregation resulted in the replacement of the original building by a one-story frame structure in 1859. Formerly a part of the Hockessin Charge, Ebenezer became a separate station in 1897. a parsonage was constructed soon thereafter. It would serve as home for the church's ministers until it was dismantled in 1968. With the spread of . . . — Map (db m10443) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Enjoy the Pencader Area Today |
| | If you are just "passing through" or are a new resident or even a life-long Delawarean, we hope to spark your interest in the varied activities available in the Pencader Hundred Area. Whether your are experiencing these for the first time or rediscovering your heritage, we hope you enjoy what Pencader has to offer. Left Column Parks The Pencader Hundred Area has many parks for the public to enjoy. Lum's Pond is a state park located on Howell Road just east of Rout 896. Picnic . . . — Map (db m10871) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-115 — Head of Christiana Presbyterian Church |
| | The first Presbyterian services in this area were conducted by Rev. John Wilson in 1706. Then pastor of New Castle Presbyterian Church, Rev. Wilson came every other Sunday to minister to the many residents of this area who had immigrated from Scotland and Ireland. In 1708, a modest log structure was erected on land owned by John steel. The first installed pastor was Rev. George Gillespie, a native of Scotland, who arrived in 1713 and served until his death in 1760. During his tenure the log . . . — Map (db m9979) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-159 — Hiram Lodge No. 25 — Grand Lodge of Delaware, A.F. & A.M. |
| | By the 1780's members of the Masonic fraternity were organized and meeting locally. On December 6, 1802, a charter was issued by the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania for Lodge No. 96 in Newark. This was one of four Lodges whose representatives gathered in Wilmington on June 6 and 7, 1806, to form the Grand Lodge of Delaware. At this historic session the Lodge was formally warranted as Hiram Lodge No. 3. regular meetings were discontinued circa 1827. On June 27, 1870, Masonry was restored in this . . . — Map (db m9972) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Historic Iron Ore Mining |
| | What is iron ore? Iron is a silvery-white, solid metal, though when found in Pencader Hundred, it commonly appears as a brown and sometimes nearly black oxide of iron. Its chemical symbol Fe, is derived from ferrum, the Latin word for iron. By volume, iron is the most abundant element, making up 34.6% of the earth. In Pencader Hundred, a medium to low grade of iron ore was mined from open pits on Iron Hill and Chestnut Hill. How was it made into iron? To refine iron ore it is . . . — Map (db m10705) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — In the Beginning — Formation of the Delmarva Peninsula |
| | Left Column Delaware is the second smallest state in the country. However, we played an important role in the formation of the nation. Caesar Rodney rode from Lewes to Philadelphia to cast the deciding vote for independence in 1776. We were the first state to ratify the Constitution in 1787. Piedmont Rocks(Crystaline Rocks): Metamorphosed (changed by pressure and heat) sedimentary rocks of the ancient North American Continent and adjacent ocean basin. Wilmington . . . — Map (db m10867) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Iron Hill School #112C — Preserving History: The African-American Community of Iron Hill |
| | The Iron Hill Museum is dedicated to the study of human and natural history of the Iron Hill Area. The Museum is currently engaged in a project to restore the Iron Hill School #112C and document the experiences of African-American students who attended the school between 1923 and 1965.
In order to achieve this, the Museum has embarked on an oral history project to formally interview and record the memories of former students who are now between the ages of 40 and 80. Oral historian Roberta . . . — Map (db m10053) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-151 — Meeteer House |
| | In the late 18th century a paper mill was established by Thomas Meeteer on the banks of nearby White Clay Creek. In later years Thomas was succeeded in business by his sons Samuel and William. the property on which this house stands was purchased by the brothers in 1816. It is believed that the structure was built soon thereafter. By the 1820s the brothers were among the largest property owners in Mill Creek Hundred. The large and impressive nature of the home reflects the wealth and importance . . . — Map (db m9976) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Milling in Pencader Hundred |
| | What is Milling? Milling is a process of taking whole bulbs, tubers, nuts, seeds, grains or other foods from its original size to a smaller size by pounding, grinding or rolling it until it is the consistency of a meal, flour or powder. Early Milling From the beginning of history, man has known that grain was a great energy food. When he realized that grain could be planted and cultivated, it became possible for him to stop the wandering life and settle down in one spot. In order to get . . . — Map (db m10712) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-130 — New Century Club |
| | In 1893 a group of Newark women established a literary and social organization known as the Tuesday Club. Later renamed the New Century Club, the organization became part of the General Federation of Women's Clubs. Committed to matters of civic responsibility, the Club's adoption of the motto "Not for ourselves alone" reflected its deep interest in social service. Throughout its history the New Century Club of Newark has played a key role in advancing education, healthcare, environmental . . . — Map (db m9969) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Newark Academy |
| | Founded at New London, Pennsylvania, in 1741 by Rev. Dr. Francis Alison, removed in 1752 to Cecil County, Md., and in 1767 to Newark. Chartered by Thomas and Richard Penn 1769. Closed from 1777 to 1780 on account of Revolutionary War. Merged with Newark College (now University of Delaware) 1834. Separated from college 1869 and continued as independent academy until 1989. Many famous men were educated in this school. — Map (db m9781) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-136 — Newark United Methodist Church |
| | By 1799 a small group of Methodists was organized and meeting in the homes of its members in the Newark area. Desiring a permanent place of worship, the congregation built the town's first church building on land that was provided by Isaac Tyson at Chapel and New Streets. On April 8, 1813, members gathered in the unfinished structure to receive the deed for the property and elect trustees for the newly established "Newark Chapel." By the 1840s the growing congregation was in need of a new home. . . . — Map (db m9897) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-139 — Oriental Lodge #12, I.O.O.F. |
| | The origins of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows can be traced to the creation of beneficial trade societies in England. Composed of craftsmen who practiced a variety of different or "odd" occupations, the purpose of these organizations was to support the needs of members and improve the communities in which they lived. The I.O.O.F. was formally established in this country in 1819. In 1834, the Odd Follows of North America separated from the English Order. Some years later, a group of Newark . . . — Map (db m9898) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-124 — Pencader Presbyterian Church |
| | On October 15, 1701, William Penn granted 30,000 acres of land to William Davies, David Evans, and William Willis "in behalf of themselves and Company of new Welsh Purchasers." Known as the Welsh Tract, this expansive holding attracted large numbers of settlers who had immigrated from Wales to Colonial America. The settlers soon established two churches, known respectively as Welsh Tract Baptist and Welsh Tract Presbyterian. The Presbyterian church was subsequently renamed "Pencader," a Welsh . . . — Map (db m9773) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-129 — Pride of Delaware Lodge #349 IBPOEW |
| | The Improved Benevolent Protective Order of Elks of the World was formally organized in 1898. Designed to promote civic improvements, the IBPOEW is one of the largest fraternal organizations of its type in the world. Responding to the request of a group of Newark citizens, the IBPOEW issued a charter for Pride of Delaware Lodge #349 on March 29, 1923. The first Exalted Ruler of the new lodge was W. G. Saunders, a long-time leader in Newark's African-American community. The present Lodge Hall . . . — Map (db m9974) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-116 — R.T. Foard and Jones Funeral Home |
| | Completed in 1886, this was the home and place of business of Theodore F. Armstrong, a prominent local merchant and civic leader. Reflecting the growing prosperity of the community and its residents, this hybrid of Queen Anne and Gothic architecture is a fine example of the splendor and flamboyance of the Victorian ear. Active in community affairs, Mr.
Armstrong served as President of the Newark City Council, and as a member of the State House of Representatives. In 1888 he was appointed . . . — Map (db m9905) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-167 — St. John African Methodist Church |
| | This congregation was organized circa 1848. Early meetings were held in a log cabin at this location on land that was conveyed to trustees of the "Protestant Methodist Church" in 1850. In 1866 the members of the First Colored Methodist Protestant denomination merged with the African Union Church, which had been founded in Wilmington in 1813 and was the first incorporated religious body controlled entirely by African-Americans. The new denomination became known as the African Union Methodist . . . — Map (db m9968) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-122 — St. John the Baptist Church |
| | In 1868, the original Old Village Presbyterian Church, which stood on this location, was purchased by Charles A. Murphey. The property was donated to the Catholic Diocese of Wilmington, and the church was named St. Patrick's. It became a mission of Church of Immaculate Conception in Elkton, Md. On the morning of December 25, 1880, the Floor collapsed, and a decision was made to raze the church. While a new church was being built, Sunday Mass was held in the Newark Grange Hall. Because of the . . . — Map (db m9779) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — The Battle of Cooch's Bridge |
| | On September 3, 1777 over 800 Americans forming the Light Infantry Corps of Brigadier General William Maxwell engaged about 2,000 British Light Infantry and Hessian and Anspach "Jägers" (light infantry) in a series of skirmishes ending at Cooch's Bridge.
Maxwell's newly-formed corps was composed of Continentals from New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and Virginia, as well as militia from New Castle and Chester counties. For one week Maxwell's Corps had harassed and scouted the . . . — Map (db m10055) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-182 — The Philadelphia Campaign — Battle of Cooch's Bridge |
| | In August 1777, British forces under the command of General William Howe landed at the Head of Maryland's Elk River. Their goal was the capture of Philadelphia, the capital of the young republic. On September 3, advancing troops were engaged by an American force under the command of General William Maxwell near Cooch's Bridge. In a clash which cost each side as many as forty casualties, the Americans successfully delayed the British before withdrawing to join the main army. Despite subsequent . . . — Map (db m14787) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-36 — The Wedge |
| | The wedge-shape tract, west of the Maryland and Delaware curve, consists of approximately 800 acres of land. For more than a century, the property was claimed by Pennsylvania but governed by Delaware. In 1889, a joint committee appointed from both states awarded it to Delaware. This decision was ratified by Pennsylvania in 1897, by Delaware in 1921, and by the Congress of the United States in 1921. — Map (db m9961) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Veterans Memorial |
| | In memory of the men from Newark who gave their lives in World War II and in honor of those who served in the great wars Ralph E. Adams • Woodrow W. Gravenor • Harold N. Sheaffer Robert G. Allen • Charles W. Greer, Jr. • Ralph R. Skillman James R. Anderson • Thomas S. Inghams, Jr. • George R. Thorn Harvey L. Baldwin • Roland P. Jackson • Frank R. Thoroughgood George G. Barnett • William N. Jones, Jr. • O. James Walter Philip A. Beaman • Charles W. Keith, Jr. • Clarence E. Weible Horace C. . . . — Map (db m9901) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — NC-53 — Washington's Reconnaissance |
| | Generals Washington, Greene and Lafayette came to Iron Hill, August 26, 1777 in hope of viewing British army then landing along Elk River. Only a few tents could be seen. A heavy storm coming up, they spent the night in a nearby farm house. — Map (db m9778) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newark — Your Gateway to Pencader Heritage — Exploring the Past |
| | Left Column Welsh Tract Church William Penn granted a 30,000 acre tract of land to three Welshmen, (David Evans, William Davis, and William Willis) in 1701. They and their followers had left southern Wales in search of religious freedom. In encouraging settlement of this portion of "the lower three counties", William Penn was defending his charter against possible incursion of settlers from the adjacent Calvert Charter which established Maryland. The Welsh were an Old School . . . — Map (db m10874) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Newport — NC-96 — Ashley Mansion |
| | Ashton Richardson built Ashley Mansion in 1804 on land he inherited from his father. A prominent Quaker, Ashton Richardson owned several milling operations and was considered one of the most eligible bachelors in the area. after marrying in 1807, Richardson and his wife Mary occupied the house until their deaths in the early 1850's. Ashley Mansion remained in the Richardson family until 1899, when the property was sold. In 1916 the house was purchased by Jefferson D. Chalfant, the acclaimed . . . — Map (db m13556) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Odessa — NC-90 — Appoquinimink Friends Meeting House |
| | Believed to be one of the smallest Quaker Meeting Houses in the nation, the Appoquinimink Friends Meeting House was built in 1785 by David Wilson and presented to the Friends as a gift. Local tradition identifies this structure as a stop on the Underground Railroad during the years preceding the Civil War. While enroute to destinations north of Delaware, runaway slaves would hide in the loft of the church in order to escape capture. Prominent local Quakers who served as agents on the Railroad . . . — Map (db m10308) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Odessa — Duncan Beard |
| | Delaware clock-maker of great distinction and silversmith lived and labored here for about thirty years until his death in 1797. Was a prominent member of Old Drawyers Presbyterian Church. Made contract with State of Delaware in 1776 for manufacture of gun-locks. — Map (db m10541) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Odessa — Odessa |
| | Indian Village Appoquinimi. Part of large grant to Alexander D'Hinoyessa, vice-director of New Amstel. Edmund Cantwell second owner of tract, 1673. Village named Cantwell's Bridge, 1731. Once important grain shipping center. Named Odessa 1855, after Russian grain port. — Map (db m10307) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Odessa — NC-153 — Old Drawyers Presbyterian Church |
| | The history of this congregation may be traced to the 1670s, when Dutch and Swedish members of the "Reformed Church" were gathering locally for worship. By the first decade of the 18th century the settlement of persons largely of Scottish descent resulted in the formal establishment of a congregation in the area then known as Appoquinimy. The first known church, a wooden structure, was erected nearby on land that was purchased in 1711. A subscription to erect a new church was circulated in . . . — Map (db m10538) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Odessa — NC-147 — Old St. Paul's Church |
| | In 1831,a Methodist Society was organized in this community. The congregation was incorporated as Cantwell's Bridge Methodist Episcopal Church in 1832. A small meeting house known as "Brickbat Church" was subsequently constructed on land provided by Joseph C. Griffith. Dedicated in 1852, the new structure was formally named St. Paul's M.E. Church. It was designed by noted architect Samuel Sloan. The congregation continued to worship here for over a century before moving to a new site on Main . . . — Map (db m10539) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — Floating Cabins and Skinning Shacks — Symbols of the Marsh |
| | Left Panel The European Markets Port Penn once figured prominently in world markets. As the supply of beaver fur in the American West declined, European demand for quality fur remained high. toward the end of the 19th century, muskrat pelts became an important material for fur coats, hats and winter clothing. Even after their fur went out of fashion in the 20th century, however, muskrat trapping in Port Penn continued providing food for local families. Sturgeon roe (eggs) from the . . . — Map (db m10435) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — Market Square — Local Trade |
| | Left Panel Sacred Spaces in Secular Places Two congregations formed in Port Penn. Members of the Presbyterian Church were primarily of European descent and dominated the local economy and society. The congregation of St. David's Methodist Church was predominately African-American. Today, each church welcomes worshippers of all races. At times, the same pastor ministers to both churches. Center Diagram and Caption The map of Port Penn dated January 13, 1792, shows Market Square . . . — Map (db m10395) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — NC-131 — Port Penn Front Range Light |
| | In 1875, Congress approved funding to build several lighthouses along this segment of the Delaware River. This site was purchased in April 1876, and by December the Port Penn Front Range Light was completed. Constructed under the direction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, it was a two story frame structure with a lantern room above. The light was powered by a double-wick oil burner. The floors below served as living space for the lighthouse keeper and his family. Keepers were Henry C. . . . — Map (db m10536) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — Port Penn Schoolhouse — Symbol of the Community |
| | Left Panel State Stewardship: Linking People, Culture and Environment After operating the museum for fifteen years, the Port Penn Area Historical Society transferred the schoolhouse museum to the Division of Parks and Recreation in 1991. It now serves as the cornerstone of the Delaware Folklife Program's mission to document and interpret Delaware's local culture. Port Penn's marshland and ways of life remain a focus of the Division's interpretive programs. Center Panel Eight . . . — Map (db m10430) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — The Cannery Lot — Opportunity from Change |
| | Left Panel Local Goods, Global Markets In the changing economy of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, small towns looked for ways to survive. Port Penn's livelihood depended on exporting local agricultural goods to major markets miles away. The cannery and other export operations connected Port Penn's economy to trade networks throughout the country and the world. Center Panel The W.B. & J.S. Zacheis, Inc. cannery operation stood across the street from the schoolhouse from . . . — Map (db m10396) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — The Cleaver House — At the Crossroads of Commerce |
| | Left Panel Changing Times in Port Penn Following construction of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal (c.1829) a few miles to the north, major shipping began to bypass Port Penn. The town still managed to provide local agricultural producers with a convenient method to export their goods. The port began to lose its competitive advantage with the advent of the railroad. Today Port Penn is known as a fishing village. Center Panel A symbol of the Cleaver family's importance to the . . . — Map (db m10388) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — The Hubbs House — Architectural Statement |
| | Left Panel Mail Order Houses Buildings ordered from Sears, Roebuck and Company came as a complete set of pre-cut lumber for assembly on-site. The company's "Honor-Bilt" system allowed buyers to erect homes at relatively low cost. People could select from a variety of standard floor plans or develop their own custom plan. Outbuildings, furnaces, and interior features were also available. Mail order houses are found in many communities across the United States. They remained popular . . . — Map (db m10391) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — The Stewart House — Visions of Growth |
| | Left Panel Flemish Bond: Strength and Beauty The handsome brick pattern on the Stewart House is common on early 18th-century buildings. Flemish bond is achieved by overlapping bricks like a woven fabric. Although a labor-intensive design, it increased the strength of the structure. When building materials became stronger and more consistent by the 19th century, simpler and less expensive styles of brickwork became more common. Center Panel Stewart's vision was like many . . . — Map (db m10392) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Port Penn — Wetland Ways — Bob Beck: Preserver of Port Penn Traditions |
| | Port Penn is a community connected to its wetland landscape. Seasonal changes bring about changes in the lifestyles of Port Penners themselves. Autumn waterfowl hunting and winter muskrat trapping lead into spring shad runs and summer sturgeon fishing. The livelihoods of local families have been dependent upon these cycles on the river and marsh habitats for three centuries. This sense of kinship with the environment is characterized by the traditions of people like Bob Beck. Bob's family has . . . — Map (db m10438) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Stanton — NC-50 — Hale-Byrnes House — Stanton, Delaware |
| | George Washington's "General Staff Headquarters" on September 6, 1777. Here Generals Washington, Lafayette, Wayne, Maxwell, Sullivan, and Greene planned defense of Wilmington. House built circa 1750 by Samuel Hale. Owner 1776 - Daniel Byrnes - a miller and preacher. Restored by Delaware Society for Preservation of Antiquities. Donated to State in 1971. — Map (db m13555) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Townsend — NC-117 — Old Union Methodist Church |
| | A log church was built here in 1789 on land donated by Joseph Dickinson. The church was named "Dickinson's Chapel" in his honor. Francis Asbury and many other pioneers of American Methodism conducted services here. Levi Scott, a native of this area and member of the church, became the first Delawarean to serve as a Methodist bishop. He is interred in the adjoining cemetery. The present church was constructed in 1847. Then known as Union Methodist Episcopal Church, it continued to serve the . . . — Map (db m10608) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Townsend — NC-93 — Taylor's Bridge School — (District No. 66) |
| | On April 5, 1923 a frame schoolhouse located nearby was destroyed by a storm. Within two weeks the General Assemble appropriated $5,000 to construct a new school. Although the amount proved to be inadequate, P.S. duPont, through the Delaware School Auxiliary Association, provided the balance necessary to complete the project. On October 27, 1923 the State of Delaware purchased three acres on this site to build the new brick on-room structure. Construction began shortly thereafter. In 1949 the . . . — Map (db m10596) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-169 — Alexis I. duPont Middle School |
| | The oldest portion of this structure was erected in 1893 to replace two smaller schools that were no longer adequate to serve the needs of local students. This building was constructed largely through the efforts of the duPont family, long-time supporters of public education in Delaware. It was named for Alexis Irenée duPont in recognition of his many years of service as an active member of the boards of local schools. Opening in January 1894, the building was distinguished by its unique . . . — Map (db m14758) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-102 — Bethel A.M.E. Church |
| | On May 10, 1846, a group of African-American residents of Wilmington who had affiliated themselves with the African Methodist Episcopal Church held a meeting for the purposes of electing trustees and organizing as a corporate body. At the time, approximately 15 families were meeting from house to house, worshipping under the direction of ministers from Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church in Philadelphia. The following September, the congregation purchased land at 12th and Elizabeth Streets on which a . . . — Map (db m11010) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — Brandywine Springs |
| | A fashionable spa and hotel was located on this site from 1827-1853. Distinguished personalities, such as Henry Clay, came for relaxation and enjoyment. T.U. Walter, the architect of the U.S. Capitol, designed and remodeled the hotel buildings. Since destroyed by fire. — Map (db m14756) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-101 — Brandywine Village |
| | Around 1740 water-powered mills began to appear in this area where the Brandywine River ends its journey falling 124 feet in its final five miles. Small vessels carrying grain from nearby farms sailed directly to the mills. Other ships laden with flour sailed away to distant markets where Brandywine Superfine flour was known for it high quality. In 1799 residents of the community erected a handsome building to serve as a community hall and school. By 1820 several fine millers' homes overlooked . . . — Map (db m13585) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-138 — Brown v. Board of Education |
| | Delaware remained a racially segregated society until the mid-twentieth century. Though the segregation of public schools was supported by the “separate but equal” doctrine that had been upheld by the nation’s highest court, the facilities and services provided students were hardly equal. Seeking to address this situation, citizens in the communities of Claymont and Hockessin solicited the counsel of Louis L. Redding, the state’s first African-American attorney. In 1951, with the . . . — Map (db m3124) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-79 — Camp DuPont |
| | First established May, 1861. The Fourth Regiment Delaware Volunteer Infantry camped here June to October 1862, whence they moved to a camp of the same name near Kennett Pike. The remustered First Delaware Regiment camped here in early February 1864, following a 30-day furlough before returning to active service in Virginia. The camp was named to honor Rear Admiral Samuel F. DuPont. — Map (db m14754) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-121 — Cool Spring Park |
| | With the completion of Cool Spring Reservoir in 1877, an adjoining parcel of unused land was reserved for park purposes. Formally designated as Cool Spring Park, the grounds were managed by the Wilmington Water Department until 1967, when the City Parks Department assumed responsibility. The reservoir and park were named for the natural springs of the area. Cool Spring was also the name of the nearby home of Caesar A. Rodney, a member of Congress and United States Attorney General in the . . . — Map (db m10917) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-85 — Ebright Azimuth |
| | The highest benchmark monument in Delaware is located on Ebright Road. This horizontal control mark denotes an elevation of 447.85 feet above sea level. The Delaware Geological Society through its relationship with the National Geodetic Survey has determined that this benchmark monument is in the vicinity of the hightest natural elevation in the state. — Map (db m2893) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-143 — Ezion-Mount Carmel United Methodist Church |
| |
In 1805 a group of African-Americans, desiring greater freedom of worship, withdrew from Asbury Methodist Episcopal Church to form a separate congregation. Led by Peter Spencer and William Anderson, they established what was then known as the African M. E. Church at 9th and French Streets. This was Delaware’s first church to be organized by African-Americans. The original house of worship was replaced by a new brick structure on the site in 1870. It was formally renamed Ezion Methodist . . . — Map (db m14757) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-77 — First Presbyterian Church |
| | This church originally stood at the corner of 10th and Market Streets and was the first Presbyterian church in the city. It was constructed in 1740, just after Wilmington received its charter from King George II. Following the Battle of the Brandywine on September 2, 1777, the British used the building as a hospital. After the congregation moved to a larger church in 1878, the Delaware Historical Society used the building until 1916. The church was then moved to this site in Brandywine Park to . . . — Map (db m13557) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-113 — Frank E. Schoonover Studios |
| | The Frank E. Schoonover Studios were constructed in 1905 by Wilmington philanthropist Samuel Bancroft, Jr. Plans were provided by architect E.L. Rice, incorporating a Queen Anne design with four contiguous units. The original occupants were Frank E. Schoonover, N.C. Wyeth, Henry Peck, Harvey Dunn, and Clifford Ashley. All were former students of Howard Pyle, renowned illustrator and teacher. Over the years several other artists occupied the studios, but Schoonover remained, eventually acquiring . . . — Map (db m13559) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-128 — Freedom Lost |
| | By the late 1700s the institution of slavery was declining in Delaware. A changing economy and the active efforts of Quakers and Methodists had led to the manumission of many slaves and dramatic growth of the state’s free black population. Though Congress outlawed importation of slaves in 1808, demand for slave labor in the expanding states of the Deep South continued to grow. A nefarious criminal element sought to fill this need by kidnapping free blacks for sale into slavery. Such was the . . . — Map (db m10950) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — NC-100 — Gibraltar |
| | In 1844, John Rodney Brinkle, grandnephew of Delaware patriot Caesar Rodney, built the Italianate core of this Brandywine granite home, named for the high, prominent rocky outcropping upon which it sits. In 1909, Hugh Rodney Sharp (1880-1968) and his wife Isabella Mathieu du Pont (1882-1946) purchased and greatly expanded Gibraltar. Marian Cruger Coffin (1876-1957), a pioneering woman in the field of landscape architecture, designed the formal gardens on the property and oversaw their . . . — Map (db m13588) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — N.C.- 84 — Gravesite of Bishop Peter Spencer (1779-1843) — And His Devoted Wife, Annes |
| | Born a slave, Bishop Spencer was the father of Delaware’s independent Black church movement. In 1813, he founded the Union Church of Africans, presently known as the African Union Methodist Protestant Church. The mother AUMP church stood on this site from 1813 to 1970. The Union American Methodist Episcopal Church (UAME), formally organized in 1865, traces its origins to Spencer. He was also the founder of “August Quarterly” in 1813, one of the oldest Black folk festivals in America. — Map (db m2607) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — Gunning Bedford, Jr. |
| | 1747-1812. Member of Continental Congress and of Annapolis Convention. A framer of United States Constitution, which Delaware was first to ratify. Appointed First District Judge of Delaware by President Washington. Purchased this property 1793 as country home, naming it "Lombardy". Buried at Tenth and Market Streets, Wilmington. Reinterred 1921 at Masonic Home. — Map (db m14706) |
| Delaware (New Castle County), Wilmington — Holy Trinity Church — (Helica Irefaldighets Kyrka) |
| | In 1638 a colony from Sweden landed at the Rocks nearby. There they built Fort Christina, worshiped therin until 1667 and then built a log church at Cranehook on South side of Christiana River. In 1698, inspired by their pastor, Eric Bjork, they erected Holy Trinity Church. The tower was added in 1802. The Church of Sweden withdrew in 1791 and was thenceforth succeeded by the Protestant Episcopal Church. — Map (db m11014) |
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