| South Dakota (Pennington County), Keystone — Peter Norbeck | | |
Norbeck Wildlife Preserve
Created by Act of Congress, 1949
Peter Norbeck 1870 – 1936
Well driller, Statesman, first native Governor of South Dakota, U.S. Senator, founder of Custer State Park, sponsor of Mount Rushmore Memorial, road builder, art lover, poet of nature, patriot, gentleman.
His was the heritage of cold, strong lands: his the pioneer vision which saw far ahead, far beyond. He felt the strong heart throb of his beloved people commanding him to do . . . — Map (db m4395) | | South Dakota (Pennington County), Keystone — Rushmore Workers | | | 1927–1941
(list of names) — Map (db m2114) | | South Dakota (Pennington County), Wall — Born of Volcanos | | | Thirty-seven million years ago, the ancient crystalline core of the Black Hills had already been exposed by erosion. The long blue profile of those mountains, visible to the west, looked much as it does now.
About that time, streams flowing from the west began to deposit sediments in this area. Most of the sediment was wind blown volcanic ash which had settled into the watershed which fed the streams. Occasionally the rivers brought gravel and stream-worn rocks from the Black Hills . . . — Map (db m4404) | | South Dakota (Pennington County), Wall — Jungle on a Seabed | | | A jungle grew here. Before that, a shallow sea covered the land. Both are gone now, but both left evidence of their passing.
The sea's signature is ammonites, baculites, and clams, pearly fossils entombed in a fossil mud called the Pierre Shale. This shale is exposed in the gully below you.
A jungle sprang up after the sea drained away about 65 million years ago. For a long time tree roots broke up the shale, and chemicals from decaying plants produced a yellow soil. About 37 . . . — Map (db m4399) |
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