| New York (Rockland County), New City — Blauvelt House — History Center of Rockland County |
| | This Dutch farm house and the adjacent buildings stand on what was once part of the Kakiat Patent. The land was acquired by Jacob Abramse Blauvelt in 1741. Eleven generations of Blauvelt descendants thereafter farmed the land. The middle sections of the present house as well as the barn and shed were built ca. 1780. The main part of the house dates from 1834. The Historical Society acquired the buildings and four acres of the farm in 1970. Sponsored by Dellwood Country Club — Map (db m15139) |
| New York (Rockland County), New City — Jacob Blauvelt House — 1834 |
| | Built on lands belonging to the Blauvelt Family from 1741 to 1970 when it was acquired by the Historical Society of Rockland County
Presented by Daniel De Clerque Chapter Daughters of the American Colonists — Map (db m21380) |
| New York (Rockland County), Nyack — Historic Underground Railroad |
| | At this crossroads stood the home of the Edward Hesdra Family. This home is believed to have been a link in the underground slave railway, c1855. — Map (db m18690) |
| New York (Rockland County), Nyack — Oak Hill Cemetery |
| | This nonsectarian cemetery was dedicated on June 27, 1848 before a crowd of 3,000 people. The establishment of the cemetery reflected a transition from small family or religious cemeteries. Oak Hill Cemetery has been enlarged several times and occupies 65 acres. It is the final resting place of the founders of Nyack and other area families, including veterans, artists, writers, and scientists, among many others. Earlier burials from some small local cemeteries were transferred here. — Map (db m18274) |
| New York (Rockland County), Palisades — Skunk Hollow |
| | Skunk Hollow or, “the mountain,” was a free black community from 1806-1905. The first known deed dated 1806 belonged to Jack Earnest from Palisades. In 1841, William Thompson, an African Methodist Episcopal itinerant preacher bought Jack’s house, built a church on his land, and became resident preacher. Over one hundred families lived in Skunk Hollow including Brown, Oliver, Sisco, Thompson, Williams and others. — Map (db m8630) |
| New York (Rockland County), Sparkill — Gravesite of General John Charles Frémont — 1813 – 1890 — Explorer, Pathmarker, Mapper of the Oregon Trail |
| | Atop Rockland Cemetery lies the grave of he whose exploration in the 1840s opened the way west for countless settlers, who issued the first Emancipation Proclamation and who saved the west for the Union in 1861. From the ashes of his campfires have sprung cities. Jessie Benton Frémont
Erected by the Friends of Frémont, May 1989, on the occasion of the restoration of the Frémont gravesite. — Map (db m8606) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — "I … imagined them to be British Troops, but found my mistake by being wounded and taken prisoner." |
| | During the night of the attack, Captain Francis Tew was stationed near the abatis with four companies of the 17th Regiment, part of the total British garrison of 564 men. On this spot, a small defensive position called flech #2 had been constructed, and contained two Cohorn mortars – weapons which fired explosive shells in a high arc – to guard the approach to the Outer Works. Stony Point was bounded on the west by a marsh that turned the peninsula into an island at high tide. At . . . — Map (db m11632) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — “… the enemy entered the upper work at the barrier at the same time I did.” |
| | Here, by the innermost abatis, a British eight-inch howitizer – an artillery weapon that could hurl a 45-pound explosive shell a distance of 1900 yards – was aimed towards the shallow waters of Haverstraw Bay to guard the southern flank of Stony Point. However, the main American assault column captured the weapon before it could be loaded or fired. Lieutenant John Roberts of the Royal Artillery arrived at this battery just as it fell into American hands: “ … I concluded . . . — Map (db m11643) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — “… with the greatest Intrepidity and coolness.” |
| | Near this location passed the north column of 300 American Light Infantry, commanded by Colonel Richard Butler of Pennsylvania. On the rocky height in front of you was the Flagstaff Battery, which mounted a 12-pounder cannon. This weapon, like many of the others in the Upper Works, was kept unloaded at night, and could not have been lowered enough to fire on infantry below. Both Light Infantry columns were preceded by a select group of men known as a “forlorn hope,” whose mission . . . — Map (db m11660) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — “By the light occasioned by the flash of the gun I could perceive a body of them...” |
| | Fleche #1 was situated on this hill, and mounted a brass 12-pounder cannon (one which fired a 12-pound ball) under the command of Lieutenant William Horndon, of the Royal Artillery. Horndon was unaware that the shots from Major Murfree’s Light Infantry, who were firing in the center and approaching from the west, were a diversion for the two other American columns advancing around both flanks. Lt. Horndon later described his experience at a British court-martial: … I heard a great firing . . . — Map (db m11635) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — “For God’s sake, why is the Artillery here not being made use of?” |
| | In front of you is the Upper Works, and inside were two flank batteries, each with large ship guns. Lieutenant John Roberts of the Royal Artillery went to the left battery, nearest the bay, after the first shots of the attack were fired: Captain Clayton, seeing that I belonged to the Artillery said “For God’s sake, why is the Artillery here not being made use of? The enemy are in the hollow and crossing the water!” I replied that the ammunition was not come up, and had it . . . — Map (db m11646) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — “The fort and garrison, with Col. Johnson, are ours.” |
| | You are now inside the remains of the Upper Works. Within 15 minutes of each other, the two columns of American Light Infantry converged on the flanks of these fortifications. Lieutenant Colonel Francois de Fleury, a French engineer and professional soldier serving in the Continental Army, was the first man into the Upper Works, and, upon entering the Flagstaff Battery, struck the enemy colors. Later, de Fleury became the only European to receive a medal from Congress during the Revolutionary . . . — Map (db m11649) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — 17th British Regiment of Foot |
| | British War Veterans of America, Inc. New York Branch of the British Legion erected this plaque to perpetuate the memories of men of the 17th British Regiment of Foot who died near this spot defending the Stony Point fortification against General Wayne’s American Light Infantry on the night of July 15/16, 1779. “They shall grow not old as we that are left grow old. Age shall not weary them nor the years condemn at the going down of the sun and in the morning we shall remember . . . — Map (db m11621) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — British Defenses: The Outer Works |
| | After cutting down most of the trees at Stony Point to reduce cover for potential attackers and create a “field of fire” for artillery, the British constructed two sets of fortifications – the Outer Works, located near the present museum building – and the Upper Works, an unenclosed, incomplete fort located closer to the river and comprised of earth and rock formations. Both works were situated on rugged terrain that afforded commanding views. The British navy also . . . — Map (db m11626) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — British Defenses: The Upper Works |
| | The Upper Works was the main British defensive position. As in the Outer Works, an abatis spanned the width of the peninsula. Included in the abatis were artillery positions, but these weapons, mostly heavy ship guns, were intended for long-range, daytime targets and were kept unloaded at night when an attack was not considered likely. The guns were also extremely cumbersome. Brigadier General James Pattison described the difficulty of hauling cannon to the summit of Stony Point when the . . . — Map (db m11642) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Capture of Stony Point |
| | This tablet is to commemorate the heroic capture of the fortress of Stony Point by troops of the Light Infantry under the command of Maj. Gen. “Mad” Anthony Wayne the night of July 15-16, 1779 Erected by the Jewish War Veterans of America, Veterans of Foreign Wars of the U.S.A., American Legion and the Military Order of the Purple Heart of Rockland County, New York November 11, 1960 — Map (db m11617) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Commerce and the Hudson River |
| | The Hudson River has always been a major avenue of New York State’s economy. During the 19th century, many industries, large and small, sprang up along its shores. To the south of Stony Point, beds of rich clay near Haverstraw Bay were utilized to make 150 million bricks per year by 1860. Tompkins Cove, north of Stony Point, became the center of a large quarrying operation, which in the mid-19th century produced one million bushels of lime yearly. Commercial sailing ships were seen on the . . . — Map (db m11695) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Fraser’s Highlanders |
| | On the rise in front of you was located fleche #3, where the British had placed a brass 12-pounder cannon and two 5 and ½-inch mortars, called Royals, to defend the right flank of the outer abatis. In addition, two Grenadier companies of the 71st Highland Regiment (Fraser’s Highlanders), commanded by Captain Lawrence Robert Campbell, were posted near this location and were among the first troops to respond to the American attack. Fraser’s Highlanders were members of one of the most famous . . . — Map (db m11681) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — King’s Ferry |
| | Here the American and French armies, under Generals Washington and Rochambeau, crossed the Hudson River in August 1781 enroute to capture Cornwallis in Yorktown, Va.
N.Y.S. Organization Daughters of the American Revolution — Map (db m8227) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — King’s Ferry |
| | Below you, between Stony Point and Verplanck’s Point on the opposite shore, the Hudson River narrows to a width of three-quarters of a mile. All travelers, Continental Army troops, supplies, communications, both military and civil, passing between New England and the states to the south, had to cross the river at King’s Ferry to avoid the British forces occupying New York City during the Revolutionary War. In early June 1779, at Verplanck’s Point, 70 North Carolina soldiers defended Fort . . . — Map (db m11690) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Opportunities Missed and Taken |
| | “I was surprised when I viewed in the morning the difficulties our troops surmounted,” wrote Captain Champion. “This piece of ground was fortified by all British art and industry ….” However, a night attack had undermined the effectiveness of most of these defenses, and high winds had prevented the British navy from coming to the aid of the embattled redcoats, Lightballs, or flares, had been prepared, and a signal rocket was on hand . . . — Map (db m11653) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Stony Point Battlefield |
| | In July 1779, American Light Infantry, under Brigadier General Anthony Wayne, launched a midnight assault, capturing a British Fort and its defenders.
N.Y.S. Organization Daughters of the American Revolution — Map (db m8216) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Stony Point Battlefield |
| | Stony Point Battlefield has been designated a Registered National Historic Landmark Under the provisions of the Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935 this site possesses exceptional value in commemorating and illustrating the history of the United States. U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service 1962 — Map (db m11619) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site |
| | On the night of July 15-16, 1779, Brigadier General Anthony Wayne of Pennsylvania led the American Light Infantry in a midnight assault against a British force that had occupied Stony Point. Approximately one hour later, the garrison had been captured by two American columns that had outflanked the front line defenses; the main assault column waded through the shallow waters of Haverstraw Bat on the south, while a secondary column approached around the north side of the peninsula. In 1826, . . . — Map (db m11708) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Stony Point Battlefield Today |
| | In the early 20th century, a number of stone structures were constructed here by the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society. After the State purchased the site in 1897, the administration was turned over to the Society and the site opened to the public as a park in 1902. Before automobile travel was common, many visitors arrived at Stony Point by excursion steamer. Stony Point Battlefield is now a State Historic Site administered by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and . . . — Map (db m11663) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — Stony Point State Park |
| | Left Tablet:
Stony Point A British Outpost commanding the King’s Ferry Assaulted and taken July 15-16, 1779 by the Corps of light infantry commanded by Anthony Wayne Renamed Fort Wayne Acquired by the State of New York 1897 The American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society custodians. Right Tablet:
The Society Daughters of the Revolution of the State of New York erected this gateway gratefully commemorating the sacrifices of patriots for American Independence and their gallant . . . — Map (db m8257) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — The American Strategy |
| | In reaction to Sir Henry Clinton’s move against Stony Point, the Continental Army marched north from New Jersey, to protect West Point, and a plan was devised to counter the British advance. Apprised of the formidable British defenses at Stony Point by Captain Allan McLane, and American officer who had gained entrance to the enemy fort, General Washington determined that a frontal attack in daylight would most likely fail. Consequently, a night assault, to be led by Brigadier General Anthony . . . — Map (db m11629) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — The Battle’s Aftermath |
| | Although Stony Point and Verplanck’s Point became a focus of British strategy in 1779, they had shown interest in the Hudson Highlands before. On October 6, 1777, the British had landed here and attacked Forts Clinton and Montgomery, seven miles to the north, withdrawing two weeks later, after sailing up the Hudson River and burning the city of Kingston. On May 30, 1779, the British returned. Six thousand troops left New York City, by land and water, and moved toward Stony Point. The next day, . . . — Map (db m11668) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — The British Occupy Stony Point |
| | In late May 1779, a British force of more than 6000 men captured the Hudson River and the small American fort at Verplanck’s Point on the opposite shore. These strategic locations guarded the southern entrance to the Hudson Highlands. The British also took possession of King’s Ferry, which crossed between these two peninsulas and gave the Americans a direct route between New England and the states to the south. Having thus improved their access to a vital maritime highway – the Hudson . . . — Map (db m11624) |
| New York (Rockland County), Stony Point — The Lighthouse at Stony Point |
| | In the 19th century, improved navigational aids were required, as the number of commercial vessels increased. In 1825, the Erie Canal was opened, allowing ships to sail from the Great lakes to the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Hudson River, a tidal estuary as far north as Albany. The following year – 1826 – the United States Lighthouse Service built the Stony Point lighthouse to warn ships of the narrowing of Haverstraw Bay at the southern end of the Hudson Highlands. Eight oil . . . — Map (db m11693) |
| New York (Rockland County), Suffern — Horse Watering Trough |
| | Located at the center of Laffayette & Orange Avenue in the Late 1800’s. Built at the Hillburn Granite Quarry, by James Rice Sr., father of James Rice Mayor of Suffern for 16 years. Donated by: The Mayor and the Zeck Family Suffern Chamber Restoration Program — Map (db m24981) |
| New York (Rockland County), Suffern — Rochambeau’s Encampment — 1781 – 1782 |
| | After crossing the Hudson, Commander-in-chief of the French army in America, General Jean-Baptiste Rochambeau, encamped here with his 5000 troops en route from Newport, R.I. to Virginia. Joining with Gen. Washington, the two armies hurried to Yorktown and forced the surrender of the besieged British General Cornwallis October 19, 1781. This devastating blow proved to be the final battle of the American Revolution. A year later the French troops returned and Suffern’s Tavern again served as . . . — Map (db m25761) |
| New York (Rockland County), Suffern — Soldier’s Monument |
| | The ground at this intersection, “Historic Crossroads of the American Revolution,” had long been a grassy triangle. In 1908 Charles E. Suffern gave the village this cannon, and the stone wall was built around it. Some residents, disliking the new triangle, nicknamed it “Porter’s Fort” after the mayor and tried to have it removed. In 1921 the soldier’s statue was erected. The names of those who served our country since World War I are listed. Suffern Chamber of Commerce — Map (db m24978) |
| New York (Rockland County), Suffern — Suffern’s Tavern |
| | Erected Oct. 4, 1924 Site of Suffern’s Tavern a noted hostelry of the Revolution Headquarters of • General • George Washington • July 15th to 20th, 1777 • Headquarters of Colonel Aaron Burr commanding the troops guarding the Ramapo Pass — Map (db m24974) |
| New York (Rockland County), Suffern — This Cannon “Independence” — 1776 – 1908 |
| | This cannon “Independence” used at the Battle of Long Island, Aug. 27th, 1776, was purchased by the Union Hill Association in 1851 and presented by the only surviving member, Chas. E. Suffern, to the Village of Suffern on April 23rd, 1908. — Map (db m24973) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — “76 House” |
| | Where Major John Andre, British spy, plotter with Arnold, to deliver West Point, was confined before his execution. — Map (db m7304) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — Andre Monument — ← |
| | On the hill south is the site of the gallows where Major John Andre, British spy, was hanged, and buried, on Oct. 2, 1780. — Map (db m8621) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — André Monument |
| | Here died, October 2, 1780, Major John Andre of the British Army who, entering the American lines on a secret mission to Benedict Arnold for the surrender of West Point, was taken prisoner, tried and condemned as a spy. His death, though according to the stern Code of War, moved even his enemies to pity and both armies mourned the fate of one so young and so brave. In 1821, his remains were removed to Westminster Abbey a hundred years after his execution. This stone was placed above the spot . . . — Map (db m8620) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — De Wint House |
| | has been designated a Registered National Historic Landmark under the provisions of the Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935. This site possesses exceptional value in commemorating or illustrating the history of the United States.
U.S. Department of the Interior
National Park Service
1966 — Map (db m7289) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — De Wint House |
| | Washington’s Headquarters Sept. 28-Oct. 2, 1780, during the trial of Andre, British spy, plotter with Benedict Arnold. — Map (db m7294) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — DeWint House |
| | This house served as General Washington’s headquarters during Major John André’s trial and in 1783, when Sir Guy Carleton visited to plan the evacuation of New York City. Revolutionary War Heritage Trail — Map (db m8710) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — Grave Markers from Slave Burial Grounds |
| | It has been documented that the earliest settlers of the Tappan Patent owned slaves; indeed, Daniel DeClark owned two slaves when he lived on this site. These grave stones are attributed to a cemetery on farm land, once owned by the Mann family, located two miles to the east where the Palisades Interstate Parkway now intersects Oak Tree Road. These grave stones, marked simply with one to three letters, identified enslaved persons, probably of African descent, who worked on the Mann Farm. . . . — Map (db m7894) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — Mill Stone |
| | This is the Bottom or Grinding Stone from a grist mill in nearby Ramapo, Rockland County, New York.
Two rotating wheels, turned by water power, ground corn and wheat kernels into flour.
A gift of R.W. Harry Sky
George Washington Masonic Historic Site Committee
1995
In Loving Memory of his wife Natalie Sky — Map (db m7446) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — Reformed Dutch Church of Tappan |
| | Organized 1694
Used as a military hospital and prison during the Revolution. The trials of Major John Andre as a spy, and of Joshua Heit Smith for treason, were held here in 1780. — Map (db m7375) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — Salix Babylonica - Weeping Willow |
| | The Weeping Willow Tree you see is a shoot from what was recorded as the largest Weeping Willow Tree in the entire United States. The original tree was toppled by a storm on July 13, 1987.
Legend has it that the original tree was planted at the time of the trial of Major John Andre or three years later when General Washington met here with Sir Carleton.
The original tree measured 94 feet across its crown and stood approximately 76 feet tall. The trunk measured 27 feet 2 inches at . . . — Map (db m7443) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — The De Wint House |
| | Dedicated to the American people as a shrine of Patriotism, an altar of Citizenship and a Memorial to George Washington, a great Mason, a great American. May 1, 1932.
M.W.Charles H. Johnson
Grand Master of Masons
State of New York — Map (db m7317) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — The First Courthouse |
| | A log structure, with whipping posts and stocks, was erected on this Tappan green C. 1691. Here justice was administered to all of Orange County, which then included present Rockland. A more permanent courthouse and "gaol," built in 1739, was destroyed by fire in 1774. New City became the seat of government when the County of Rockland was set off from Orange in 1798. — Map (db m8542) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — The Manse |
| | Built 1726, Domine Samuel Verbryck lived here during Revolution. He was friend of Washington. He founded Rutgers College, N.J. — Map (db m8639) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — This House was Occupied by General George Washington |
| | This House was occupied by General George Washington as Army Headquarters on four occasions during the Revolutionary War.
********
Here the General in 1780, after reviewing the evidence in the case of Major John Andre, Adjunct General of the British Army, approved the report of a Board of General Officers condemning Andre to suffer death as a spy.
********
Here, on the conclusion of peace in 1783, the British Commander-in-Chief, General Sir Guy Charleton, was . . . — Map (db m7316) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — Trial of Andre |
| | The British spy Andre, was found guilty, in the Dutch Church which stood, in 1780, on the side of this edifice. — Map (db m7306) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — Washington and Carleton Meeting |
| | Commemorating the 200th anniversary of the meetings between General George Washington and General Sir Guy Carleton at Tappan and aboard H.M.S. Perseverance. Jointly by the Historical Society of Rockland County and Tappantown Historical Society.
Dedicated May 15, 1983 — Map (db m7291) |
| New York (Rockland County), Tappan — Washington’s Flag — 1775 |
| | This is a Reproduction of the Personal Flag used by General George Washington, the Commander-In-Chief during the Revolutionary War.
Presented by R.W. Ronald J. Steiner, Chairman, George Washington Masonic Historic Site Committee, In memory of his father, Brother Morton Steiner — Map (db m7442) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Haverstraw — Col. A. H. Hay |
| | On this site stood the home of Colonel A. Hawkes Hay – Soldier, Legislator, Confidante of Washington. U.S. Bicentennial — Map (db m8268) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Haverstraw — Treason House |
| | At Joshua Hett Smith’s home here, Sept. 22, 1780 Benedict Arnold betrayed the plans of West Point to British spy Maj. Andre. Historical Soc. Rockland County — Map (db m8547) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Nyack — Clarksville |
| | The Nyack Turnpike Toll Road c. 1825 crossed the Oblenis Farm here, creating a busy intersection knows as Oblenis Corners at Strawtown and Sickeltown roads. The first post office named Nyack Turnpike was established in the New Oblenis Store in 1834. In 1847 the hamlet was renamed Clarksville, then MontMoor and since 1891 has been known as West Nyack. — Map (db m21381) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Nyack — Clarksville Inn |
| | This historic inn built by Thomas Warner in 1840 was a stopping place for stage coaches and travelers to and from the Port of Nyack. It was a center of social life for more than a century and the scene of farewell balls for recruits during the Civil War. Known in the recent decades as the Clarksville Inn, the buildings on these premises were restored in 1957. — Map (db m15351) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Nyack — Mount Moor Cemetery |
| | This "Burying ground for Colored people", was deeded on July 7, 1849 by James Benson and Jane Benson, his wife, to William H. Moore, Stephen Samuels and Isaac Williams, trustees. The cemetery has provided burial space for colored people, including veterans of the Civil War, the Spanish-American War, World Wars I and II and the Korean War. The grounds have been maintained since 1940 by the Mount Moor Cemetery Association, Inc. — Map (db m21378) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Nyack — Pye's Corner |
| | In 1798 Hendrick Van Orden, owner of a sandstone house on this site, sold the house and surrounding farm to Dr. Abraham Cornelison, who lived here 51 years. He became the first president of the Rockland County Medical Society in 1829. Isaac Pye purchased the premises in 1858 and may have built the present home. In 1894 Julius and Herman G. Kretschmar established a floriculturist business here, continued by the family until 1979 — Map (db m26199) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Nyack — The Nyack Turnpike |
| | Dutch farmers first settled here early in the 18th century on land purchased from Indians who had occupied this region for millennia. Under mounting pressure for a cross-county road between the port of Nyack and Ramapo a turnpike was built. The section through the Greenbush Swamp and "the little swamp" here in Clarksville was opened by 1825. When completed in the 1830's the turnpike became a toll road until 1893. — Map (db m15352) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Nyack — The Old Parsonage |
| | For almost a century the Clarkstown Reformed Church shared the services of its pastor with the church at Tappan. In 1834 a full-time pastor was called and this building, on a site across the road, was purchased for him. It was enlarged in 1835. Replaced by a new parsonage in 1894 this home was moved, first to a nearby location subsequently taken by the thruway in 1954, and then to this site. — Map (db m26196) |
| New York (Rockland County), West Nyack — West Nyack's Last Horse Trough |
| | This trough was built at a time when horses provided the basic means of transporting people and their possessions in Rockland County. It was fed by an underground spring that provided clean water for any thirsty animal in the neighborhood. Using 19th Century masonry, the trough has been fully restored and serves as a permanent memorial to a time when traffic and life itself moved at a slower pace. — Map (db m21379) |
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