| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — A Flourishing Culture |
| | On Mordecai Hopewell's Ohio farm archeologists excavated Indian mounds in 1891 and found copper ornaments, stone tools, effigy pipes, obsidian spear points, ornamented bear teeth, shark teeth, intricately carved bones, mica cutouts, and much more. From this astounding find, archeologists later defined an American Indian culture they named the Hopewell that lived 2,200 to 1,500 years ago.
The Hopewell were not the first American Indians to build mounds and earthworks, nor were they the only . . . — Map (db m20999) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — A Replica of Ohio's First Capitol |
| | This building, erected in 1940, is a replica of Ohio's first capitol. The stone below and the one beneath the opposite bronze plaque were taken from Ohio's first state house, erected in 1800 - the same year in which the Chillicothe Gazette was founded. — Map (db m14650) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — A Scared Purpose |
| | Some 2,000 years ago the Mound City Group contained the highest density of mounds of any of the Hopewell earthworks, 24 in a 13-acre area. Today 22 can be counted. One of the missing mounds (Mound 15) is present in outline only, marked by the postholes of a ceremonial building that predates the mound. The other mound was excavated over a century ago and its precise location is unknown.
We don't know what the Hopewell called the site, only that they used it in a purposeful manner-for . . . — Map (db m20839) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 10-72 — Abrams' Big House |
| | With the Division Act of 1800, the U.S. Congress divided the Northwest Territory at a line essentially the present boundary of Indiana and Ohio. The Indiana Territory stood west of the line. The name Northwest Territory was retained for the land east of the line and Chillicothe became its capital. The legislature for the territory convened in Chillicothe in November 1800. Since there were no public buildings in which the legislature could meet, its session was held in a two-story log house that . . . — Map (db m14627) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Ancient Monuments |
| | When Cleopatra, Julius Caesar, and Jesus lived, the Hopewell culture built and used Mound City Group. We do not know what the Hopewell called this sacred place, but early archeologists named it for the great number of mounds found here. In 1846 Ephraim Squier and Edwin Davis, pioneers of American archeology from Chillicothe, excavated several of the mounds. Their investigation greatly increased our knowledge of the Hopewell culture, but they concluded the mounds "were places of sacrifice." This . . . — Map (db m21023) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Arthur St. Clair's Headquarters |
| | Gen. Arthur St. Clair
First Governor
of the N.W. Territory,
had his headquarters here,
1800 - 1802 — Map (db m14666) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 11-71 — Banking Crisis of 1819 |
| | [Marker Front]:
To provide direction and stability to the economy, Congress created the nation's largest lending agency in 1816, the Second Bank of the United States. Branch banks were established around the country, two of them in Ohio-Chillicothe and Cincinnati. The Chillicothe branch was located in a building on this site. The presence of these branches adversely affected the ability of state chartered and independent banks, which had long printed and lent their own money without . . . — Map (db m14630) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 6-71 — Birthplace of Lucy Ware Webb Hayes / Lucy Webb Hayes, 1831 - 1889 |
| | Side A: Birthplace of Lucy Ware Webb Hayes
First Lady Lucy Ware Webb Hayes was born in this four-room Federal Vernacular house in 1831. Well educated for her time, she attended local schools, took classes in the preparatory department of Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, and graduated from Wesleyan Female College in Cincinnati in 1850. She married lawyer and future U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes in 1852. They raised five children to adulthood. As a colonel's wife during the Civil . . . — Map (db m14655) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 9-71 — Burton Egbert Stevenson |
| | [Marker Front]:
Born in Chillicothe in 1872, Burton Stevenson's life was devoted to the written word as a prolific author and anthologist, and as a librarian. Following stints as a journalist while a student at Princeton University and then at newspapers in Chillicothe, Stevenson became the librarian of the city's public library in 1899. He held the post for 58 years. Stevenson helped secure a Carnegie Library for Chillicothe, completed in 1906, and became prominent for his service . . . — Map (db m14683) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 8-71 — Camp Bull |
| | Situated on land owned by Thomas Worthington, Camp Bull was a stockade constructed in this vicinity to confine British prisoners of war during the War of 1812. When Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry defeated the British fleet on Lake Erie on September 10, 1813, he captured more than 300 seaman. After they were landed on the Ohio shore, General William Henry Harrison, the commander of the American Army of the Northwest, ordered the prisoners marched to Chillicothe for confinement. The prisoners were . . . — Map (db m14631) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 7-71 — Camp Sherman |
| | Side A:
The United States declared war on Germany in April 1917. Largely through the efforts of Chillicothe attorney John Poland, the War Department selected Chillicothe as the site of an army training camp for inductees from Ohio, West Virginia, and western Pennsylvania. Construction began at Camp Sherman, named for Civil War general William Tecumseh Sherman, in June 1917. When the first recruits arrived in September, more than fourteen thousand workers had erected two thousand . . . — Map (db m14640) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Camp Sherman Memorial Park In Memory Of |
| | The thousands of men who during 1917-1918 became soldiers here under the training of Maj. General Edwin F. Glenn of the 83rd Division and in other units. . . The thousands of men who under the guidance of A. Bentley & Sons of Toledo, Ohio, in two months transformed 2200 acres of farmland into a facility of 2000 buildings to be known as Camp Sherman. . .
Those thousands of men who in earlier days served in nearby army mobilizations, beginning with the War of 1812. . . Dedicated July 4, 1975 . . . — Map (db m14641) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Court House Renovation |
| | In testimonial and public recognition of the renovation and restoration of the Probate and the Juvenile Divisions of the Common Pleas Court, the Ross County Bar Association memorializes and commends the Board of County Commissioners of Ross County, Ohio.
Grant McDonald - Gilbert Stultz - M. C. Tackett
Thomas J. Jaynes, Clerk
Dated this 20th day of September, 1973
Judge William E. Sammons, President — Map (db m14661) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Cultural Influences of Chillicothe and Ross County |
| | (Marker 1, Native Americans)
During the course of Chillicothes history many diverse groups have come to inhabit the area with the earliest being the Native American as early as the late 1600's. During the American Revolution, the Shawnees fought alongside the British. Shawnees believed that England would prevent the colonies from invading their land even more. Under one of their most famous leaders, Tecumseh, the Shawnee were fierce warriors. When the Shawnees divided themselves into . . . — Map (db m14644) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 13-71 — Dard Hunter |
| | This classic Gothic Revival home built in the early 1850s, was one of Ohio's early wineries with terraced hillside vineyards overlooking the city of Chillicothe. From 1919 until his death in 1966, it served as the home and working studio of noted American craftsman, artist, and historian Dard Hunter. A major artistic contributor to the Arts and Crafts Movement of the early twentieth century, Hunter gained international recognition when in 1916 he became the first individual in the history of . . . — Map (db m14656) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Donald E. McHenry 1935 - 1990 Surveyor - Engineer |
| | City Engineer 1964-1971
President of the Rotary Club 1975-1976
Member of the Medical Center Construction Board
Member of Community Improvement Corporation
Advisor to Chillicothe-Ross Library Board
Chairman of Chillicothe Streetscape Commission
It was as chairman of Streetscape that Don McHenry worked hardest to achieve the civil goal he considered most vital: to improve the quality of life for the citizens of his community.
This plaza is a testimony to his diligence. — Map (db m14664) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Effigy Pipes |
| | Although small and rather ordinary, this mound (Mound 8) contained a remarkable find. Nearly 200 pipes-mostly broken-were discovered here. Skillfully carved from stone, the pipes faithfully detailed human heads and indigenous animals. The pipe bowls sculpted in human effigies give us impressions of Hopewell hairstyles, headdresses, and facial tattooing. The animal effigies represent the abundant wildlife found in the Hopewell's world.
Some archeologists think that the pipes were mainly . . . — Map (db m20994) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Enderlin Civil War Memorial |
| | Erected 1917 by Richard Enderlin
Co. B. 73 Regt. O.V.V.I.
to the memory of his comrades
who helped to preserve the Union
LOYALTY — Map (db m14645) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Gateposts from the Northern Entrance to Camp Sherman |
| | This post, and the post on the opposite side of the road, were unearthed nearby during a road widening project in the summer of 2006. They were part of a set of four concrete posts erected in October 1919 at the northern entrance to Camp Sherman, an Army training base established in 1917 in response to the United States' entry into World War I. The gate was originally located approximately 50 feet east of this spot along Columbus Avenue (now State Route 104). Two smaller posts that were part of . . . — Map (db m14642) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 2-71 — Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of Ohio |
| | On this site, on January 4-7, 1808, the six Masonic lodges then existent in the state met and formed the Grand Lodge of Ohio. General Rufus Putnam of Marietta was elected the first Grand Master. Because of advanced age and failing health, he declined the honor and Governor Samuel Huntington was named in his stead. — Map (db m14660) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Historic Site in Journalism |
| | The Chillicothe Gazette, published since 1800, is the oldest newspaper west of the Allegheny Mountains and the oldest business establishment in Ohio. The newspaper played an important part in American history, specifically through its part in opening the Northwest Territory, a step that led to American expansion to the Pacific.
Marked this 29th day of September, 1972 — Map (db m14651) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Mica Splendor |
| | With the building of Camp Sherman, the army leveled this mound-Mound 13-to three feet above ground and built a barrack over it. In 1920 Ohio archeologists led by William Mills excavated the mound and were astonished to uncover the cremated remains of 20 burials. Some were on raised platforms with an array of usual objects.
A surprise find here was a raised-rectangular grave covered with sheets of mica, an exotic mineral not found in Ohio. Atop the mica were cremated remains of four people. . . . — Map (db m20996) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Quinn Chapel African Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E.) Church Founded 1821 Historic Underground Railroad |
| | [Marker Front]:
Methodism was known in Chillicothe as early as 1796. During the early years, 1803-1821, both African American and white Methodists worshipped together in a small brick church, located on the north side of Second Street between Paint and Walnut Streets. This was the first Methodist Church in Chillicothe. Although the African American and white Methodists worshipped and communed together, the African American Methodists were required to occupy the gallery on the north . . . — Map (db m14665) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Ross County World War I Memorial |
| | In honor of the boys from Ross County who gave their lives in the service of their country 1917 - 1919 Allen, Albert F. Bitzer, Russell Bollinger, Albert Bower, Donald B. Brown, Edward B. Brown, Elmer G. Brown, Lorain Crouse, Harry Cruse, Lawrence Daily, Matthew Daily, Parker Davidson, George W. Dawson, Harry B. Dennewitz, James Easterday, Victor A. Estel, George Eyler, William H. Flanagan, Leo Francis, William R. Francis, Earl E. Fuller, Orville . . . — Map (db m14646) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — Scioto Lodge No. 6 F. & A. M. |
| | One of the lodges which in 1808 founded the Grand Lodge Free and Accepted Masons of Ohio
Erected January 7, 1958 — Map (db m14662) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 3-71 — Site of Ohio's First Statehouse |
| | Ross County's first courthouse was Ohio's first statehouse. The courthouse was erected on the Public Square in 1801. Thomas Worthington, one of the building's superintendents, laid out the foundation. Chillicothe was the last capital of the Northwest Territory, and the final session of the territorial legislature met in the courthouse in 1801. Ohio's first constitution was written here in 1802. On March 1, 1803, Ohio's first General Assembly convened in the building, making it the statehouse. . . . — Map (db m14647) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 8-71 — The "Statehood Riots" / The Enabling Act 1802 |
| | Side A: The "Statehood Riots”
The first Northwest Territory assembly formally met in Cincinnati in September 1799 to initiate self-government. The legislators were deeply divided politically. The Republicans (antifederalists or “Jeffersonians”), led by Thomas Worthington and Edward Tiffin of Chillicothe, opposed the appointed government headed by the Federalist governor, Arthur St. Clair. They saw it as arbitrary and autocratic and recognized that change could occur . . . — Map (db m14682) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chillicothe — 5-71 — The Chillicothe Gazette |
| | The oldest commercial enterprise in Ohio, the Chillicothe Gazette began publication on April 25, 1800, as Freeman's Journal and Chillicothe Advertiser. That October it became the Scioto Gazette, and Chillicothe has had a Gazette ever since. It is the oldest newspaper in continuous operation west of the Allegheny Mountains, and the second oldest in the United States. Its first publisher and editor, Nathaniel Willis, was a Revolution-era Boston printer who reputedly apprenticed under Benjamin . . . — Map (db m14652) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chilllicothe — First Court of Ross County |
| | Here stood the two-story log house in which sat the first court of Ross Co., 1798. Here met the Legislature of the N. W. Territory, 1800-1801-1802. In the War of 1812, this was the U. S. Arsenal and Barracks. — Map (db m14770) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Chilllicothe — Ross County Civil War Memorial |
| | In honor of the Patriotic Men of Ross County who gave their lives in the war for the preservation of the Union their grateful fellow citizens have erected this monument May 30th, 1875 — Map (db m14653) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Frankfort — Dr. W. H. Robb Residence |
| | Site of the residence of
Dr. W. H. Robb
until it was acquired by
the Chillicothe Telephone Company
for the new
Frankfort Telephone Exchange — Map (db m22812) |
| Ohio (Ross County), Frankfort — 1-71 — The Red Brick Schoolhouse 1877 |
| | Typical of many schoolhouses in the Frankfort area during the 1800s, this school, with its pot-bellied stove and flip-top desks, was part of the public school system of that era. The building and its contents have been restored by the citizens of Frankfort in conjunction with the Budd Company. — Map (db m21989) |
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