| Maryland (Montgomery County), Poolesville — The Civil War at Poolesville |
| | Famed commander, Lt. Col. E.V. (“Lige”) White, of the 35th BN Va. Cavalry C.S.A., and many members of his command were natives of this area. This town became the headquarters of Union Brig. Gen. Charles P. Stone’s 12,000-man corps of observation from June 1861, until March 1862. Four regiments from this command fought at Balls Bluff on the Virginia side of the Potomac, six miles from this sign, on October 21, 1861. Col. Edward Baker, of Oregon, was killed and funeral services were . . . — Map (db m2112) HM |
| Maryland (Montgomery County), Poolesville — Poolesville — Warm Reception — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | Located at the intersection of the two main roads, mid-19th century Poolesville was Montgomery County’s second-largest town. Its residents had decidedly secessionist tendencies and many sons fighting for the South. In the fall of 1862, as the Confederates approached, the town was still recovering from a 15,000-man Union occupation one year before. A large group of inhabitants rushed to White’s Ford, about five miles northwest, to welcome the Confederate liberators. The first military action . . . — Map (db m1729) HM |
| Maryland (Montgomery County), Beallsville — Beallsville — Squabble at the cemetery: Whose flag flies today? — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | On September 9, 1862, the running engagement between Illinois, Indiana, and Virginia cavalry units that began the day before in Poolesville continued in Beallsville when two Federal regiments forced the single regiment of Virginia cavalrymen posted here to flee to Barnesville. The fight cost the Virginians two dead, their captain and six enlisted men made prisoners, and their regimental flag captured as well. The Indiana troopers pressed into Barnesville where skirmishing continued. During . . . — Map (db m1681) HM |
| Maryland (Montgomery County), Barnsville — Barnesville — “Before night our town changed hands five times!” — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | On the evening of September 5, 1862, Gen. Wade Hampton’s and Gen. Fitzhugh Lee’s Confederate cavalry brigades bivouacked around Barnesville. They rode the next day to their base camp at Urbana, leaving the 9th Virginia Cavalry to guard Barnesville. The next few days were peaceful here, but on September 9 the war came to Barnesville in a hurry, past this very spot. The 8th Illinois Cavalry, following a skirmish with the 12th Virginia Cavalry at Monocacy Church, pushed on to Barnesville and . . . — Map (db m1679) HM |
| Maryland (Montgomery County), Comus — Mt. Ephraim Crossroads — Sharpshooters Hold the Line — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | You are looking at Sugarloaf Mountain, where the running cavalry fight that began in the late afternoon on September 9, 1862, in Barnesville came to a halt. By the next morning, the 7th and 9th Virginia Cavalry had been brought to bay here at the southern base of the mountain by the 8th Illinois and 3rd Indiana Cavalry. Both sides had been reinforced, and each had brought up artillery. Dismounted sharpshooters of the 2nd Virginia Cavalry looked down on the Federals from among the trees and . . . — Map (db m1683) HM |
| Maryland (Montgomery County), Stronghold — Sugarloaf Mountain — A Signalman’s Lot — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | You are at the foot of Sugarloaf Mountain, where on September 5-6, 1862, Union observers watched the Army of Northern Virginia cross the Potomac River to invade Maryland. A signal station had been established here in the summer of 1861, one in a chain of such stations. It communicated with a signal station and U.S. Signal Corps school southeast of Darnestown, from which messages were relayed to Washington, and with the Point of Rocks railhead of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad to the northwest, . . . — Map (db m1749) HM |
| Maryland (Montgomery County), Hyattstown — Hyattstown — Uninvited Guests — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | The roadside village of Hyattstown became the front line when Confederate cavalry stationed to the north in Urbana clashed with Union cavalry reconnoitering from Clarksburg to the south. On the evening of September 8, 1862, Maj. Alonzo W. Adams and his 1st New York Cavalry topped the crest south of town, spotted Confederates, charged down the hill and into the town, and captured two Southern troopers. A little later his men skirmished with the 1st North Carolina Cavalry north of town, briefly . . . — Map (db m1727) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Urbana — Landon House — From Hospitality to Hospital — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | Constructed in 1754 on the banks of the Rappahannock River in Virginia, this building was reconstructed here in 1846 and became Landon Female Academy. Early in September 1862, while infantry of Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia rested near Frederick, Lee’s cavalry chief Gen. J.E.B. Stuart occupied Urbana to report on any Federal advance from Washington. Having received an enthusiastic welcome from the community, Stuart hosted a dance here at the academy for Confederate cavalrymen . . . — Map (db m1739) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Buckeystown — Buckeystown Park — Soldiers’ Shortcake — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | On the south end of this park, the road from Urbana to Buckeystown crossed the Monocacy River over a stone bridge. Some of the Confederate troops camped here on September 6, 1862, while some crossed the bridge to bivouac on a knoll overlooking the river on the south side of the road on William Graff’s farm. On September 13, Union Gen. William B. Franklin’s VI Corps passed by here on the march from Urbana, and halted for an hour at the apple and peach orchards near the Dalaplaine (Michael’s) . . . — Map (db m1737) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Frederick — Headquarters of Generals Robert E. Lee — “Stonewall” Jackson and Longstreet |
| | Headquarters of Generals Robert E. Lee, “Stonewall” Jackson, and Longstreet Sept. 6-9, 1862 Here was written the famous lost order No. 191 and the proclamation to the people of Maryland. — Map (db m1589) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Frederick — 1862 Antietam Campaign — Lee Invades Maryland |
| | Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4–6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George B. McClellan’s Army of the Potomac pursued Lee, who had detached Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson’s force to capture the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry. After the Federals pushed the remaining Confederates out of the South . . . — Map (db m2708) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Frederick — 1862 Antietam Campaign — Lee Invades Maryland |
| | Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4–6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George B. McClellan’s Army of the Potomac pursued Lee, who had detached Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson’s force to capture the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry. After the Federals pushed the remaining Confederates out of the South . . . — Map (db m2807) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Frederick — Hessian Barracks - Witness to History |
| | 1777 Built at direction of Maryland General Assembly
1778-79 Quartered Hessian and Convention prisoners captured at Bennington and Saratoga
1782 Quartered Hessian and Bayreuth Yager Regiments following Cornwallis' surrender
1799 Quartered French sailors of the L'Surgent captured by U.S.S. Constellation
1802-03 Served as staging center for Lewis and Clark Expedition
1812 Quartered U.S. troops during War of 1812
1824 Visited by General LaFayette
1840-42 Used as silk work . . . — Map (db m2739) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Frederick — City Hall — Former Frederick County Courthouse — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | Connections with the Civil War abound around this Courthouse Square, where the first official act of defiance against the British crown - the 1765 Stamp Act Repudiation - occurred almost a century earlier. In 1857, Roger Brooke Taney, Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court and a former resident who is buried in Frederick, wrote in the Dread Scott Decision that the Constitution's freedoms did not extend to African-Americans, one of the steps on the road to war. Taney and his brother-in-law, . . . — Map (db m2815) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Frederick — Barbara Fritchie House — “Shoot if you must this old gray head, but spare your country’s flag.” — Antietam Campaign 1862 |
| | As the Confederate army marched through Frederick on September 10, 1862, feisty local Unionists—mostly women—showed their defiance by waving the Stars and Stripes. The poet John Greenleaf Whittier immortalized one of them in “The Ballad of Barbara Fritchie” about a year later. Spoilsport historians have since pointed out that Stonewall Jackson’s column never passed her house and that the story of the aged Fritchie—who did wave such a flag from her porch when the . . . — Map (db m2693) HM |
| Maryland (Frederick County), Frederick — Hospitals in Frederick — Caring for the Wounded |
| | In this building, soldiers who died in one of the many area hospitals following the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Gettysburg, and Moncacy were embalmed and prepared for interment at nearby Mount Olivet Cemetery or for shipment home. James Whitehall, the owner of the building, was both a furniture maker and undertaker, as were many furniture makers then. Dr. Richard Burr, a contractor with the U.S. Army, embalmed the bodies of officers and soldiers in this building. He gave public . . . — Map (db m2806) HM |
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