| Virginia (Prince William County), Manassas — Ben Lomond Farm |
| | The Federal style stone, “Manor” house and its accessory buildings are the visible reminders of Ben Lomond Farm, which was begun in about 1830 by Benjamin Tasker Chinn, the grandson of Robert “Councillor” Carter. Ben Lomond is one of the few remaining Carter family houses in an area which once exhibited such fine country residences as Portici, Pittsylvania, Hazel Plain, Mountain View, Elmwood, Sudley and Woodland. The house served as a hospital during the First and . . . — Map (db m734) |
| Virginia (Prince William County), Manassas — The Ben Lomond Manor House — Civil War Graffiti |
| | The Ben Lomond Manor House was built in 1837 by Benjamin Tasker Chinn and served as the principal structure on 1,739 acres of land. Prosperous farmers before the war, the Chinns watched their fortunes decrease due to the proximity of the estate to the site of the First and Second Battles of Manassas. As the Civil War battles drew nearer to the home, the Chinns fled and left it vacant for several years. Markings on the walls of the Manor House indicate that the vacated building was occupied by . . . — Map (db m2477) |
| Virginia (Prince William County), Manassas — Jackson’s Route |
| | In 1861, small farms surrounded Bull Run. Small roads were the main transportation routes to the Warrenton Turnpike (Route 29), Sudley Road (Route 234) and the Manassas Gap Railroad. The entrance road here follows a section of a 19th-century farm lane that connected the Weir family’s Liberia Plantation and the Lewis family’s Portici Plantation. It was on this road that General Thomas J. Jackson led his First Virginia Brigade to the Battle of First Manassas (Bull Run) on July 21, 1861. The . . . — Map (db m2479) |
| Virginia (Prince William County), Manassas — Wilmer McLean’s Yorkshire — From Front Lawn to Front Parlor |
| | Yorkshire, the home of Wilmer McLean, once stood near here. McLean acquired the property through his wife’s family in 1854. Located near two major fords on Bull Run, McLean’s plantation became the scene of one of the Civil War’s earliest actions. On July 18, 1861, Confederate Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard moved his headquarters to the McLean house as the nearby Battle of Blackburn’s Ford erupted. McLean’s barn served as a Confederate field hospital, and the farm was under constant Federal artillery . . . — Map (db m3940) |
| Virginia (Prince William County), Manassas — McLean Farm (Yorkshire Plantation) |
| | Part of an early 18th century plantation established on Bull Run by Col. Richard Blackburn formerly of Yorkshire, England, the land was acquired by Wilmer McLean in 1854. The battle which opened 1st Manassas raged across this farm July 18, 1861, with the house and barn used as a headquarters and hospital by Confederate troops. Following 1st Manassas, in an attempt to escape the forefront of the war, McLean moved his family to the tiny village of Appomattox Court House. There, four years later, . . . — Map (db m657) |
| Virginia (Fairfax County), Centerville — Blackburn’s Ford — Bullets “Humming Like a Bee-hive” |
| | On July 18, 1861, Gen. Irvin McDowell, the Union army commander, learned that the Confederate army had withdrawn from its Centerville earthworks to a strong defensive position behind Bull Run. McDowell ordered Gen. Daniel Tyler to reconnoiter the stream but not bring on an engagement. Tyler accompanied Col. Israel Richardson’s brigade to Blackburn’s Ford. Arriving about noon, Tyler and Richardson found a cleared field sloping down from woods to the creek’s banks, which were thick with . . . — Map (db m2259) |
| Virginia (Fairfax County), Centerville — Blackburn’s Ford — Guarding the Fords |
| | By the early summer of 1861, Americans in both the North and South greeted the outbreak of war with patriotism and expectations of a quick decisive battle to end the conflict. In the North, the public clamored for immediate invasion to crush the rebellious South. While professional soldiers urged patience, President Lincoln, bowing to public pressure, ordered Gen. Irvin McDowell to submit a plan to advance on the important railroad junction at Manassas. On July 17, 1861, anticipating the . . . — Map (db m2257) |
| Virginia, Manassas Park — Signal Hill Monument |
| | 8:45 A.M. July 21st 1861 Battle of First Manassas (Bull Run).
From this hilltop Capt. E.P. Alexander, CSA, sent America’s first battlefield telecommunication: Look out for your left, you are turned. This short message to Col. Evans warning him of Brig. Gen. McDowell’s flank march helped turn an impending defeat into a crucial victory, thereby securing for the signal corps a permanent place in the ranks of modern armies.
In memory of America’s Confederate signal veterans; the first . . . — Map (db m696) |
| Virginia, Manassas Park — Signal Hill — “Look out for your left, you are turned” |
| | This elevation behind the Confederate right flank at Mantissas in July
1861 was one of four Confederate
signal stations established by Capt. Edward Porter Alexander; Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard’s signal officer. Because the hilltop was devoid of trees, it offered excellent sight lines
to the north and
west without
building a signal
tower. As Union
Gen. Irvin
McDowell’s army
approached, the
Centreville station
was abandoned,
but Alexander’s
signalmen remained at the other three stations . . . — Map (db m3577) |
| Virginia, Manassas — Confederate Cemetery |
| | Dedicated by the Ladies Memorial Association of Manassas, on August 30, 1889, to the heroes of Virginia and her sister states, who yielded their lives on July 18 & 21, 1861 & August 28, 29 & 30, 1862, in defense of the Confederate cause. — Map (db m19815) |
| Virginia, Manassas — Defenses of Manassas |
| | In this vicinity stood a number of small earthworks erected by the Confederates in the summer of 1861 to protect the railroad and their army’s base here. The Confederates evacuated Manassas in March, 1862, destroying what militarily useful material they could not remove. — Map (db m2470) |
| Virginia, Manassas — Katie Hooe House |
| | This structure reputedly is the oldest dwelling in Manassas. Part of the building is of log and is supposed to have been built before the Civil War. Most of the original houses of the hamlet of Tudor Hall—subsequently Manassas, were in the fields in this area. In 1861 the Confederates erected a hospital nearby. — Map (db m2415) |
| Virginia, Manassas — Site of Manassas Junction |
| | One mile west was the junction of the Orange and Alexandria and Manassas Gap Railroad lines. The point became known as Manassas Junction. During the Civil War both sides used the area as a supply base. The site of the first depot was probably about one half mile to the east. The present structure was erected by the Southern Railroad in 1914, and is the third building on this site. For many years this depot was an important passenger and freight stop in commerce between markets of the north, south, and Shenandoah Valley. — Map (db m700) |
| Virginia, Manassas — The Manassas Museum — Defending the Junction — First and Second Manassas Campaigns |
| | During the 1850s two railroad lines, the Orange & Alexandria and the Manassas Gap, intersected at a small Prince William County Village that became known as Manassas Junction. In 1861 more than 20,000 Confederate troops from across the South gathered in what is today downtown Manassas. Working alongside slaves requisitioned from local farms, they built a ring of earthen fortifications around the junction. Naval cannon captured in Norfolk were included in the defenses, manned by Confederate . . . — Map (db m2454) |
| Virginia, Manassas — Wartime Manassas — Prelude to First Manassas |
| | (Preface): During the Civil War, two railroads—the Manassas Gap and the Orange and Alexandria—intersected here. Manassas Junction was strategically important to both the Union and the Confederacy as a supply depot and for military transportation. Two of the war’s great battles were fought nearby. Diaries, letters, and newspaper articles documented the war’s effects on civilians as well as the thousands of soldiers who passed through the junction. More than 34,000 Confederate . . . — Map (db m2453) |
| Virginia, Manassas — Wartime Manassas — “Fortifications of Immense Strength” |
| | During the Civil War, two railroads—the Manassas Gap and the Orange and Alexandria—intersected here. Manassas Junction was strategically important to both the Union and the Confederacy as a supply depot and for military transportation. Two of the war’s great battles were fought nearby. Diaries, letters, and newspaper articles documented the war’s effects on civilians as well as the thousand of soldiers who passed through the junction.
Early in May 1861, Col. Philip St. George . . . — Map (db m2463) |
| Virginia, Manassas — Wartime Manassas — “On to Richmond!” |
| | (During the Civil War, two railroads—the Manassas Gap and the Orange and Alexandria—intersected here. Manassas Junction was strategically important to both the Union and the Confederacy as a supply depot and for military transportation. Two of the war’s great battles were fought nearby. Diaries, letters, and newspaper articles documented the war’s effects on civilians as well as the thousand of soldiers who passed through the junction.)
On July 16, 1861, Confederate Gen. P.G.T. . . . — Map (db m2464) |
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