| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Fort Johnston — Guardian of the Cape Fear River |
| | Confederate Lifeline. On January 9, 1861, as secession fever swept the South, an armed body of civilians overwhelmed Fort Johnston’s lone occupant, Ordinance Sgt. James Reilly, and demanded the keys. Reilly quickly surrendered them and received a receipt in return. North Carolina Gov. John W. Ellis, however, on January 11 ordered Fort Johnston and several other strongholds restored to the Federal government. The confederates reoccupied the fort on April 16, after the fall of Fort Sumter, . . . — Map (db m4761) |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — Fort Anderson — One Shovelful at a Time — Confederate Lifeline |
| | In 1861–1862, Col. William Lamb and Maj. John Hedrick
constructed Fort Anderson, one of several Confederate
strongholds that protected Wilmington, a major blockade-running port. They enlarged Fort St. Philip (for St. Philip’s Anglican Church on your right), an earthen wall with gun emplacements that extended from the ruin to the Cape Fear River and renamed it Fort Anderson. Although Lamb had no engineering experience, he applied to the building of fortifications what engineers had . . . — Map (db m6515) |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Weaverville — Brothers In Service — Zebulon and Robert Vance Brithplace |
| | Here were born two notable Buncombe County brothers, Zebulon Baird Vance (1830-1894) and Robert Brank Vance (1828-1899).
Zebulon Vance was a Whig and supporter of the Union who opposed secession until the last moment. At the outbreak of war in 1861, he reigned his seat in the U.S. House of Representatives, returned home, and raised the "Rough and Ready Guards" (Co. F, 14th North Carolina Infantry) for the Confederate army. Elected colonel of the 26th North Carolina Infantry, Vance served in . . . — Map (db m23138) |
| North Carolina (Burke County), Morganton — Morganton — Rocky Ford Engagement — Stoneman's Raid |
| | (Preface): On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, the North Carolina Railroad, and the Piedmont Railroad. He struck at Boone on March 28, headed into Virginia on April 2, and returned to North Carolina a week later. Stoneman's Raid ended at Asheville on April 26, the day that Confederate Gen. . . . — Map (db m20348) |
| North Carolina (Craven County), New Bern — New Bern Academy — From School to Hospital |
| | In 1861, Confederate authorities converted the New Bern Academy from a school to a hospital. The U.S. Army commandeered the structure to care for the wounded almost immediately after defeating Confederate forces in the Battle of New Bern on March 14, 1862. Casualties were first moved here from temporary quarters on March 19. Ten days later, a newspaper reported that “ the General Hospital at Academy Green is full of severely wounded men, and those who have undergone amputation. Two houses . . . — Map (db m23659) |
| North Carolina (Craven County), New Bern — William Henry Singleton — From Slavery to Freedom |
| | During the Civil War, thousands of enslaved blacks freed themselves by escaping to Union lines. Craven County native William Henry Singleton (1843-1938) was one of them. According to his biography, Recollections of My Slavery Days (1922), as a child he was sold south to Atlanta but later escaped and returned to Craven County, where his mother concealed him. Finally caught, he remained on a local plantation until the war, when he accompanied a local officer as his body servant. He escaped . . . — Map (db m24054) |
| North Carolina (Cumberland County), Fayetteville — Fayetteville Arsenal — "Batter . . . into piles of rubble" — Carolinas Campaign |
| | [Preface at top left]
The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at . . . — Map (db m24355) |
| North Carolina (Cumberland County), Fayetteville — North Carolina — Civil War Trails |
| | North Carolina's Civil War stories are as diverse as its landscape. The Outer Banks and coastal rivers saw action early in the war, as Union forces occupied the region. Stories abound of naval battles, blockade running, Federal raids, and the Confederacy's struggle to supply its armies. Other tales are told in the western mountains, a sometimes-lawless region where Unionists and Confederates fought a war within a war. In the rolling central piedmont, memories linger of Union Gen. William T. . . . — Map (db m24357) |
| North Carolina (Cumberland County), Fayetteville — The Market House — Site of a Shootout — Carolinas Campaign |
| | On Saturday morning, March 11, 1865, a brief skirmish took place here at the Market House as Confederate forces evacuated Fayetteville while Union Gen. William T. Sherman's army entered the town. A rear guard detachment under Gen. Wade Hampton surprised a Union cavalry patrol after one of the Federals came around the corner from Russell Street and then fired at Hampton on the south side of the Market House. In the ensuing engagement, several Union cavalrymen were killed or captured. Within a . . . — Map (db m24442) |
| North Carolina (Currituck County), Currituck — Currituck County Courthouse — Confederate Recruiting Center |
| | Currituck has been the county government seat since 1723. The core of the present courthouse to the right and jail in front of you were here when the Civil War began. On March 31, 1862, the “Currituck Light Cavalry” began enlisting on the grounds under Capt. Demosthenes Bell. The company was assigned as Co. G to Col. Dennis D. Ferebee’s 4th North Carolina Cavalry, 59th Regiment North Carolina State Troops.
Because of the importance of water for military transportation and the . . . — Map (db m2764) |
| North Carolina (Durham County), Durham — Bennett Place — The End of War — Carolinas Campaign |
| |
(Preface, upper left): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy’s logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s last-ditch attack at . . . — Map (db m3635) |
| North Carolina (Durham County), Durham — Brassfield Station — A Path Both Traveled — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. . . . — Map (db m14710) |
| North Carolina (Durham County), Durham — Durham's Station — Prelude To Peace — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface):The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After . . . — Map (db m14674) |
| North Carolina (Harnett County), Dunn — Battle of Averasboro — Third Confederate Defensive Line — Carolinas Campaign |
| | Preface: The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After . . . — Map (db m3741) |
| North Carolina (Harnett County), Dunn — Battle of Averasboro — Union Route to Bentonville — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy’s logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s last-ditch attach at Bentonville. . . . — Map (db m5091) |
| North Carolina (Harnett County), Dunn — Battle of Averasboro — Sherman’s Left Wing Departs Averasboro — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface):The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy’s logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s last-ditch attach at Bentonville. After . . . — Map (db m5895) |
| North Carolina (Haywood County), Maggie Valley — Kirk's Raid — Unwanted Intruders |
| | On February 1, 1865, Col. George Kirk, 2nd North Carolina Mounted Infantry (U.S.), left Newport, Tennessee, with 400 cavalry and 200 infantry for a raid into Haywood County. He passed through the mountains at Mount Sterling, following the Cataloochee Turnpike up Jonathan Creek Valley to Waynesville. While in the valley, his men killed former Confederates Absolom B. Carver and James E. Rice. Kirk and his raiders also burned the home of Young Bennett in Cataloochee and then burned a school that . . . — Map (db m12895) |
| North Carolina (Haywood County), Waynesville — Battle House — Surrender-Role Reversal |
| | Until it was demolished in 1899, the Battle House, a stagecoach house and inn, stood just to your left.
There, on May 7, 1865, a proposed Union surrender was transformed into a Confederate capitulation.
After Col. William C. Bartlett's 2nd N.C. Mounted Infantry (U.S.) occupied Waynesville early in May, the troops emptied the jail (located near the current police station), then burned it and the courthouse. They also burned the former residence of Robert Love, Sr., a well-regarded . . . — Map (db m12892) |
| North Carolina (Johnston County), Bentonville — Battle of Bentonville — “In suffering condition” — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface):The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After . . . — Map (db m3738) |
| North Carolina (Johnston County), Bentonville — Merging of the Armies — Sherman’s Right Wing Arrives — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface):The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After . . . — Map (db m5844) |
| North Carolina (Johnston County), Bentonville — Village of Bentonville — Wounded and Abandoned — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface):The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After . . . — Map (db m14677) |
| North Carolina (Johnston County), Four Oaks — Confederate Line of March — “ … on this wretched road … ” — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. . . . — Map (db m14720) |
| North Carolina (Johnston County), Four Oaks — Hannah’s Creek Bridge — Saving the Colors — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. . . . — Map (db m14714) |
| North Carolina (Johnston County), Smithfield — Federal Line of March — “Poor North Carolina …” — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. . . . — Map (db m14712) |
| North Carolina (Johnston County), Smithfield — Hastings House — Johnston’s Headquarters — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface):The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After . . . — Map (db m14654) |
| North Carolina (Johnston County), Smithfield — Occupation of Smithfield — “cheering … rolled along the lines” — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface):The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After . . . — Map (db m14659) |
| North Carolina (Lenoir County), Kinston — Battle of Kinston — Foster's Position on Southwest Creek — Foster's Raid |
| | The yellow sidebar in the upper left provides a brief background: Late in 1862, Union Gen. John G. Foster’s garrison was well entrenched in New Bern and made several incursions into the countryside. On December 11, Foster led a raid from New Bern to burn the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad Bridge over the Neuse River at Goldsboro and to demonstrate in support of Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside’s attack at Fredericksburg, Virginia. Foster’s force consisted of 10,000 infantry, 650 cavalry, and 40 . . . — Map (db m23655) |
| North Carolina (Lenoir County), Kinston — Battle of Kinston — Harriet's Chapel — Foster's Raid |
| | The yellow sidebar in the upper left provides a brief background: Late in 1862, Union Gen. John G. Foster’s garrison was well entrenched in New Bern and made several incursions into the countryside. On December 11, Foster led a raid from New Bern to burn the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad Bridge over the Neuse River at Goldsboro and to demonstrate in support of Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside’s attack at Fredericksburg, Virginia. Foster’s force consisted of 10,000 infantry, 650 cavalry, and 40 . . . — Map (db m23656) |
| North Carolina (Lenoir County), Kinston — Battle of Wyse Fork — Last Mass Capture of Union Troops — Carolinas Campaign |
| | The yellow sidebar in the upper left of the marker provides a brief synopsis of the Carolinas Campaign. It states:
The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy’s . . . — Map (db m23802) |
| North Carolina (Lenoir County), Kinston — Confederate Headquarters — Bragg's Command Post |
| | At this location was the site of the Howard House, used as Confederate Headquarters during the Battle of Wyse Fork, March 8-10, 1865. General Braxton Bragg commanded the Confederate Army that was composed of the forces of Major General D.H. Hill and Major General Robert F. Hoke.
This house was used to plan the battle that resulted in probably what was the last major Confederate tactical victory of the war, when Hoke’s forces surprised and captured, killed or wounded most (900+0 of Union . . . — Map (db m23745) |
| North Carolina (Madison County), Hot Springs — Warm Springs Hotel — Brother against Brother |
| | On October 17, 1863, Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside reported from Knoxville, Tennessee, that "a regiment of North Carolina troops we are now organizing here yesterday captured Warm Springs, N.C., and now hold Paint Rock Gap." This regiment, the 2nd North Carolina Mounted Infantry, included Confederate army deserters and more than 70 men recruited at Shelton Laurel, a community northeast of here. At Shelton Laurel the previous January, Confederate troops executed prisoners "suspected of . . . — Map (db m23687) |
| North Carolina (Madison County), Mars Hill — Mars Hill College — Strategic Location, Divided Loyalties |
| | Baptist farm families here established Mars Hills College in 1856. The four-acre college campus had three structures by 1861: a two-story brick classroom building, a frame dormitory for boys, and a frame teachers' residence. They stood about 75 yards in front of you. During the war, neighbors, families and even brothers here were divided in their loyalties to the Southern cause, but many joined the Confederate army during the first two years. Mars Hill was a strategic location, a crossroads . . . — Map (db m23140) |
| North Carolina (Orange County), Hillsborough — The Last Encampment — The Dickson House — Carolina Campaign |
| | (Preface, upper left): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy’s logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s last-ditch attack at . . . — Map (db m13972) |
| North Carolina (Polk County), Columbus — Polk County Courthouse — Raders in the County — Stoneman's Raid |
| | (Preface): On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, the North Carolina Railroad, and the Piedmont Railroad. He struck at Boone on March 28, headed into Virginia on April 2, and returned to North Carolina a week later. Stoneman's Raid ended at Ashville on April 28, the day that Confederate Gen. . . . — Map (db m19997) |
| North Carolina (Rutherford County), Chimney Rock — Hickory Nut Gorge — From Raiders to Pursuers — Stoneman's Raid |
| | (Preface): On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, the North Carolina Railroad, and the Piedmont Railroad. He struck at Boone on March 28, headed into Virginia on April 2, and returned to North Carolina a week later. Stoneman's Raid ended at Asheville on April 26, the day that Confederate Gen. . . . — Map (db m12890) |
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