| District of Columbia (Washington), Downtown — Central Public Library — Mount Vernon Square — African American Heritage Trail, Washington, DC | | | This majestic building was opened in 1903 as the Central Public Library, popularly known as the Carnegie Library because Andrew Carnegie donated funds to build it. From the start Central was open to all. Mary Church Terrell and historian John Cromwell spoke here regularly, and materials on African American history and culture were especially useful to teachers preparing for “Negro History Week” (now Black History Month). In 1972 the library moved to Ninth and G Streets, NW, and was . . . — Map (db m18794) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Northwest — Charles Sumner School Museum and Archives — African American Heritage Trail, Washington, D.C. | | | 17th and M Streets, NW This school, completed in 1872, was one of three public elementary schools built for DC's black children just after the Civil War. Its name honors U.S. Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts, who fought to abolish slavery here, pay black soldiers the same as whites, establish the Freedman's Bureau, and provide education to all children. Designed by Adolf Cluss, Sumner opened as the city's most modern school building. After it closed in 1978, Sumner School was saved . . . — Map (db m8184) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Northwest — Howard University — Sixth Street and Howard Place, NW | | | Howard University, one of the oldest Black colleges in the United States, was established by Congress in 1866 to educate formerly enslaved individuals. Its name honors Freedman's Bureau Commissioner General Oliver Otis Howard, a member of the white First Congregational Society of Washington, D.C., which originally conceived of the school as a theological seminary to train black ministers. Mordecai Wyatt Johnson, who became president in 1926, shaped Howard into a modern institution. The . . . — Map (db m9549) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Northwest — Metropolitan AME Church — 1518 M Street, NW | | | This church started on Capitol Hill in 1821 as Israel Bethel, was founded by African Americans denouncing White racism at Ebenezer Methodist Episcopal Church. Later, Pastor Henry McNeal Turner helped persuade President Lincoln to accept Black soldiers into the Union Army during the Civil War. In 1870 Israel Bethel merged with Union Bethel to become Metropolitan African Methodist Episcopal Church, the “National Cathedral of African Methodism.” This building, designed by architect . . . — Map (db m9729) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Penn Quarter — National Council of Negro Women — 633 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW. | | | The National Council of Negro Women was founded in 1935 by Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955) to "harness the power and extend the leadership of African American women." Early on, the Council campaigned to outlaw the discriminatory poll tax, develop a public health progra, adopt anti-lynching legislation, and end discrimination in the U.S. Armed Forces, defense industries and government housing. The Council's 1995 move to this grand, former hotel building made it the only African American . . . — Map (db m9376) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Shaw — African American Civil War Memorial — "Spirit of Freedom" — Civil War to Civil Rights and Beyond | | | This memorial is dedicated to those who served in the African American units of the Union Army in the Civil War. The 209,145 names inscribed on these walls commemorate those fighters of freedom.
[Names of the officers and enlisted men who served with the 166 regiments of the "United States Colored Troops" and other "African" units during the War of the Rebellion.] — Map (db m8410) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Shaw — Ben's Chili Bowl / Minnehaha Theater — 1213 U Street, NW — African American Heritage Trail | | | Ben's Chili Bowl, founded in 1958 by Ben and Virginia Ali, is one of the oldest continuous businesses on U Street. It is also one of the few to survive both the assassination of the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., and the years of the disruptive Metro construction in the late 1980s. Thanks in part to the patronage of entertainer Bill Cosby, Ben's has become a national landmark. The restaurant occupies the former Minnehaha Theater, a 1910 movie house owned and operated from 1913 to 1920 by . . . — Map (db m20341) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Shaw — Lincoln Theatre and Lincoln Colonnade — 1215 U Street, NW | | |
The Lincoln Theatre , built by white theater magnate Harry Crandall, opened in 1922 under African American management as U Street's most elegant first-run movie house. With 1,600 seats, it also was one of the biggest. In addition to films, the Lincoln hosted vaudeville and amateur competitions. The Lincoln Colonnade, a public hall once located below and behind the theater, held "battles of the bands" featuring local and national entertainers as well as annual balls organized by social clubs. . . . — Map (db m7914) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Shaw — Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia | | | 1000 U Street, NW The first African Masonic order south of the Mason-Dixon line was founded in the District of Columbia in 1825. Social Lodge No. 7, as it was known, combined with two other lodges in 1848 to form the Union Grand Lodge. Later, the name was changed to honor Prince Hall, a Revolutionary War veteran who in 1784 obtained permission from Grand Lodge of Ancients in England to establish a "Lodge of Free Negroes" in Boston. This building, designed by Albert I. Cassell and built . . . — Map (db m7913) | | District of Columbia (Washington), Shaw — Saint Augustine Roman Catholic Church — 1425 V Street, NW | | | Saint Augustine Roman Catholic Church began in 1858 when African American congregants of the Saint Matthews Church departed to organize their own day school. The group raised funds--even held and event on the White House Lawn--and eventually constructed a school and a chapel on 15th Street, north of I Street. Opening in 1866, the Blessed Martin de Porres School and Chapel soon became the center of a separate Black parish, Saint Augustine's. In 1961 the church merged with the predominantly White . . . — Map (db m10666) |
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