| North Carolina, Goldsboro — F-59 — Seymour Johnson Air Force Base |
| | Field used, 1942-46, for
flight training by Army
Air Forces; reopened in
1956. Named for Seymour Johnson, naval aviator
and Goldsboro native. — Map (db m65448) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Alamance — G 24 — Battle of Alamance |
| | The militia under Royal Governor Tryon defeated the Regulators at this point, May 16, 1771. — Map (db m28261) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Alamance — G 111 — Battle of Clapp's Mill |
| | Troops led by Henry Lee ambushed British cavalry of Banastre Tarleton one mile north, Mar. 2, 1781. Americans retreated under heavy British fire. — Map (db m32592) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Alamance — First Battle of the Revolution |
| | [ Rear of Monument ] Here was fought the Battle of Alamance between the British and the Regulators ------------- [ Right of Monument ] Liberty [ Left of Monument ] 1880 — Map (db m33797) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Alamance — Johnston Moves West — Holt's Mill — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began of February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After Sherman was . . . — Map (db m45341) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Alamance — The Battle of the Alamance |
| | The first battle of the Revolutionary War, was fought in Orange County, North Carolina May 16th, 1771. [ Right of Monument ] 1771 – 81 1901 James Hunter “General” of the Regulators. “The country is as much master now as ever.” November 6th, 1772 Alamance May 16th, 1771 Cherokee War October, 1776 Guilford Court House March 15th, 1781 Born 1740. Died 1821. [ Back of Monument ]1773 without courts and beyond the . . . — Map (db m33799) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — A Legacy of Community |
| | Following the labor turbulence of the 1930s and the strain of the Great Depression, World War II brought relative calm and increased productivity to the mill communities. Immediately after the War, however, mill owners revived a movement that had begun during the Depression Era: the sale of the mill villages. By 1958, owners had sold off 73% of the textile mill villages in the South. Though a few mill towns remained as late as the 1970s, today the mill village community is largely a memory. . . . — Map (db m32846) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — African Americans in the Mill Village |
| | African Americans experienced the textile mill world very differently than white families. Mills did not offer the same work opportunities to black men and women as they did for whites. Life in the mill village was also restricted, and black workers typically had to seek housing and recreation elsewhere.
Owners offered African American men only the dirtiest and heaviest work. Most commonly, they unloaded cotton bales from wagons in the mill yard. Some also worked in the boiler, picker, or . . . — Map (db m32783) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — After the Whistle Blows |
| | Mill employees worked at tedious jobs for long hours, usually having only Sundays to rest. With responsibilities at home as well as in the mill, free time was limited. Still, mill workers found ways to socialize, relax, and have fun in a world governed by the screech of the steam whistle.
Though workdays could stretch twelve hours with no scheduled breaks, many workers found a way to rest. Men often met outdoors to smoke, while women gathered in washrooms to gossip, joke, or sing. Edna . . . — Map (db m32999) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 82 — Alamance Cotton Mill |
| | Built 1837 by E. M. Holt. Produced Alamance Plaid, the first factory-dyed cotton cloth south of the Potomac. Stood here. — Map (db m28695) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Battle of Alamance |
| | Here was fought (I) on May 16, 1771, the Battle of Alamance. Opposing forces were colonial militia, mainly from the eastern part of the province, commanded by Governor William Tryon, and a band of frontier dwellers known as Regulators, who had risen in arms against corrupt practices in local government.
On May 14 Tryon’s force of 1,100 men, arriving in the heart of Regulator country to subdue these uprisings, made camp on Alamance Creek (B). Already some 2,000 Regulators, armed with old . . . — Map (db m35055) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Battle of Clapp's Mill |
| |
Battle of Clapp's Mill
On March 2, 1781, the American light troops under Colonel Otho Holland Williams of Maryland and Lieutenant Colonel Henry "Lighthouse Harry" Lee of Virginia engaged the British light troops near Clapp's Mill on Beaver Creek. The Americans attempted to lure the British forces, under Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton, from their camp near the mill (almost one mile southeast of this spot) into an ambush on Alamance Creek where cavalry units and reinforcements lay . . . — Map (db m28062) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Calling the Mill Village 'Home' |
| | Mill owners initially built villages near textile mills to attract families of workers. By 1900, 92% of workers lived in mill-owned housing. A typical mill village in the 1920s consisted of about 350 houses located within walking distance of the mill. In most cases, the company owned the houses and charged workers rent. In 1908, rent averaged $3.57 monthly – about half that charged outside the mill community. Mill villages proved beneficial both to workers and owners. Workers lived . . . — Map (db m32830) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Camp Alamance |
| | At this site on 1 June 1861 soldiers of the 6th NC State Troops, commanded by Col. Charles Fisher president of the NC Railroad, drilled before departing for the war front. In July 1861, they became the first troops ever carried by rail into battle. Their first conflict was 1st Manassas where Col. Fisher was killed. The 6th NC fought bravely in all major battles as members of the army of Northern Virginia. They were paroled by the Union in April 1865 at war's end in Appomattox, Virginia. — Map (db m29626) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Carriage Shed |
| | To the right is the carriage shed. This building is an original building to the site. It was used to store a wagon or other horse drawn equipment.
To the left is a blacksmith shop. Even though this building is not original, the blacksmith was very important to the farmer. Many farmers had blacksmithing skills and would be called on by others in the community to make or fix things for them. — Map (db m34743) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Cedarock Historical Farm |
| | Welcome to Cedarock Historical Farm. The farm was settled in 1830 by John and Polly Garrett. The farm was 115 acres in size (85 improved and 30 unimproved acres). Please enjoy your visit and come back to see us. — Map (db m34720) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Charles Richard Drew — 1904 - 1950 |
| | Charles Richard Drew
1904 - 1950
Black scientist and surgeon
Pioneer in the preservation of blood plasma
Medical director of the Blood-for-Britain Project, 1940
Director of the first American Red Cross Blood Bank, 1941
Teacher to a generation of American doctors, Freedmen's Hospital, Howard University, Washington, D.C.
Outstanding athlete, Amherst College and McGill University
Member of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity
Steadfast foe of racial injustice
Died in . . . — Map (db m31142) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Children in the Mill Village |
| | Early textile mill owners alleviated labor shortages by recruiting entire families for employment. Offering homes as well as jobs, owners created villages of workers from which the mills could draw. Children - sometimes as young as seven - filled the lowest paying, lowest-skilled positions in the mills. From 1880 to 1910, one quarter of the textile mill workforce was under sixteen.
The family labor system blurred the distinctions between work and play for children. Many learned about . . . — Map (db m32671) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Confederate Occaneechi — Piedmont Indians in the Civil War |
| | When North Carolina passed laws in 1833 to restrict the rights of free blacks; they also limited the rights of Indians. In old Orange (later Alamance) County, many Occaneechi Indians including Dixon Corn, Jesse Jeffries, Enoch Jones, and Andrew Jeffries were prosperous farmers and tradesmen. The law kept them from joining the militia, but during the war many volunteered as foragers, teamsters, hostlers, and paid body servants. In North Carolina’s mountains, some Cherokee fought as soldiers in . . . — Map (db m46084) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Cotton Dust and Poverty |
| | Although industrialization brought great improvements to the South, advancements in health and medicine lagged dramatically behind. Without antibiotics, infectious diseases were common and dangerous. Medical care was often unavailable, and employers had no obligation to provide health insurance or worker compensation. Working in textile mills and living in mill villages compounded the health risks already prevalent in the South.
Different jobs within the mill brought their own unique . . . — Map (db m33273) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Dentzel Carousel |
| | Burlington Historic Property
Circa 1906 - 1910 — Map (db m29238) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 13 — Early Railroads |
| | First public meeting to promote railroads in North Carolina, Aug. 1, 1828, was at Wm. Albright's home which stood 4 mi. S.E. — Map (db m30693) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - Churches |
| | Church congregations were central to social as well as religious life in the village. Mill owners encouraged church membership among their workers and often aided congregations to promote social stability and community morality. The Baptist church, a frame building with front bell tower, was organized in 1893 by Baptists from Haw River. Later brick veneered, it stands just up Glencoe Street from the village. In 1898 the company built an interdenominational frame chapel on Front (Glencoe) . . . — Map (db m32376) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - Company Office and Store |
| | Built around 1890 between the factory and the mill houses, the small brick building linked mill production and village life. The mill office was on the left side, with the owner's office behind it. The company store was on the right side. Especially before village residents had automobiles, the store was the place to buy food, tobacco, clothing and coal for heating and cooking. The company let workers make store purchases on credit. Their weekly paychecks had house rents and payments on store . . . — Map (db m31284) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - Grist Mill and Dam Site |
| | Like many Piedmont mills, Glencoe was built at an old grist mill site - the Vincent Mill begun in the 1860s. Remains of it may be seen on the "island" side of the mill race. The Vincent Mill had a wooden dam and a mill race about 100 yards long. For their cotton mill, the Holts kept the wooden dam and extended the mill race, blasting through rock, another 500 yards downstream to their mill on the land side of the mill race. The dam was replaced in 1909 and again in 1951 with a concrete dam. . . . — Map (db m31337) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - Life in the Mill Village — From Farm to Factory |
| | The whole matter of providing attractive and comfortable habitations for cotton operatives [is] summarized in the statement that they are essentially a rural people…while their condition is in most cases decidedly bettered by going to the factory, the old instincts cling to them.”
- Daniel A. Tompkins, Cotton Mill, Commercial Features, 1899.
For water powered mills such as Glencoe, their remote locations meant that industrialists had to provide housing. Owning . . . — Map (db m33540) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - Lodge Hall and Barber Shop |
| | The Lodge Hall, a small frame building, housed many types of gatherings. The Barber Shop, built in the 20th century, served village men and boys. In one period, old-timers recall, a barber would arrive and open the shop to cut hair one evening each week. — Map (db m32377) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - Picker House and Dye House |
| | 2. Picker House
After drivers delivered bales of raw cotton to Glencoe, the first step in transforming it to woven cloth took place in the Picker House. Men unpacked the cotton from the bales and removed such debris as twigs, leaves, and bugs. To reduce risk of fire from cotton dust and debris, the Picker House was separated from the mill. The men fed the raw cotton into the breaker lapper, which beat and drew out the cotton fibers to clean it and form the raw fiber into "laps" - loosely . . . — Map (db m32475) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - Power, Wheel House and Turbine |
| | To power the turbine that ran the mill, the water that ran through the mill race flowed into the wheelhouse at the back of the mill. It dropped down through the 48-inch, 152-horsepower turbine located below ground level. A metal shaft connected the turbine with a big pulley on the first floor of the mill. That pulley turned the overhead belts and smaller pulleys that powered machinery in the Picker House. Sometimes, eels from the river clogged the turbine, shutting down the mill until workers . . . — Map (db m32420) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - The Marshall Family House Site |
| | In 1899 James H. Holt sold Emanual "Man" Marshall a one-acre lot at the northeastern end of the Glencoe property. "Man" Marshall was the superintendent at Glencoe Mills for nearly forty years. He and wife Mary Eliza Murray Marshall lived with their fourteen children at the home place for over eighty years. Many of the children worked in the mill and lived in Glencoe as adults. Marshall family reunions are held yearly in Glencoe. — Map (db m33580) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - The Mill Buildings — Mill Design |
| | Mill designers planned the brick and heavy timber mill to standards of the day. They employed the Italianate style popular for industrial architecture. Its ornate brickwork, arched windows, low roof, and prominate tower suited the functional needs of textile mills. Large windows planned in proportion to the width of the building shed natural light across the large work spaces. Sturdy construction supported the heavy machinery.
The mill followed "slow burn" guidelines set by Northern . . . — Map (db m31547) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - The School |
| | When Glencoe Mill opened in 1880, founder James H. Holt was ahead of most of his contemporaries in requiring that village children attend school for several months a year to the sixth grade, before they could work in the factory. The company built the school and hired the teachers. Originally, three female teachers taught two grades apiece in a wooden schoolhouse. By 1918 nearly 100 students attended the Glencoe School up to the eighth grade. The mill built a new brick school in 1937 across the . . . — Map (db m33583) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe - Two-Story Workers' Houses |
| | In Glencoe as in other Alamance County villages, the Holts built many substantial, 2-story houses for the workers. They resembled farmhouses in the area. In most of the 2-story houses, carpenters used hand-sawn timbers put together with pegs. Some have brick nogging between the timbers for insulation.
These houses contain four to six rooms, for sometimes as many as ten or more family members. There were two rooms per floor, with a central hallway on the first floor. Originally, detached . . . — Map (db m33650) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe Management Houses |
| | At Glencoe, there were three levels of management: Owner, Manager, and Superintendent. The location and style of their houses indicated their occupants' status in the hierarchy. The Mill Owner's House, built for Robert Holt, is a large 2-story residence beyond the edge of the village, facing NC 62 N. The Mill Manager's house was a 1 1/2 story dwelling overlooking the entrance to the village from NC 62. It burned in the 1940s; on its site today is the Holt-Heritage House of similar size (built . . . — Map (db m31504) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe Mill — 1880 - 82 |
| | Incorporated in 1880 by James H. and William E. Holt, sons of textile pioneer E. M. Holt. The last water-powered textile mill developed by the Holts. Produced napped cotton cloth, flannels and woven plaids. Employed as many as 500 workers at its height. Closed in 1954. Acquired by Preservation North Carolina in 1997. — Map (db m31082) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Glencoe Mill Village — Built 1880 - 82 |
| | A remarkably complete mill village exemplifying the post-Civil War development of the textile industry along the streams of piedmont North Carolina. Glencoe Mill built nearly 50 houses for its workers. Acquired by Preservation North Carolina in 1997 and privately restored by individual owners after 1999. — Map (db m31291) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 58 — Henry Jerome Stockard |
| | Poet, author of "Fugitive Lines" and other works; lifelong educator; president of Peace Institute, 1907-12. Home stood here. — Map (db m29764) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 126 — J. Spencer Love — 1896 - 1962 |
| | Founder of Burlington Mills, 1924; success of rayon propelled world's largest textile company. "Pioneer Plant" 3/4 mi. S. — Map (db m29949) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — John and Polly Garrett House |
| | It took John and Polly Garrett five years to build this house. During that five year period, they lived in the small log home to your right. The Garrett's moved into this house in 1835. Four years later, Polly gave birth to their first child. They eventually had four children while living here (three boys and one girl). — Map (db m34722) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Johnston Moves West — Logisticians at Work — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface) The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy’s logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After Sherman was . . . — Map (db m46046) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Living in a Mill-Centered World |
| | In the village, every aspect of the workers’ lives revolved around the mill. In addition to their homes, the churches, schools, and stores all belonged or were tied to the mill owners. While these places provided much needed social time for mill workers, they also served to extend the mill’s influence beyond the factory door. As an early twentieth century Congressional report asserted, “The company owns everything and controls everything, and to a large extent controls everybody in the . . . — Map (db m33320) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — McCray School |
| | McCray School
Est. 1915 - 16
One Room School House
Alamance Burlington
School System — Map (db m31153) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Men in the Mill Village |
| | Transitioning from the farm to an industrialized way of life was especially hard for men. On the farm, men experienced a certain amount of freedom and variety; millwork was often tedious, repetitive, and produced only wages for a day's labor. Men had more opportunities than women to advance within the mill and could move from job to job by watching other workers and learning their skills. They also had access to the higher-paying, skilled work, and positions of greater authority.
A man’s . . . — Map (db m32775) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Neighbors Divided |
| | Industrialization came to the South later than it had in the North. The first generation of mill workers were transplanted farmers who had no tradition of labor unions. The nature of the mill village also made organized labor difficult. The mill owner – like the patriarch of a great family – controlled nearly every aspect of his workers’ lives. Resistance within such a world was hard to imagine. Still, as times changed, members of southern textile mill communities faced difficult . . . — Map (db m33311) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Norfolk & Western Caboose #518654 |
| | This Norfolk & Western caboose was given to the City of Burlington by Norfolk Southern Railway in 1993. It is symbolic of the railroad roots of the North Carolina Railroad town of Company Shops (1866) which became Burlington in 1893. The caboose was painstakingly restored in 2006-2007 and is now a museum depicting life aboard a train as it was when a caboose rolled behind every freight.
Available for guided tours by appointment
Call the Burlington Recreation & Parks Department
Monday - Friday 336.222.5030 — Map (db m35022) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 89 — North Carolina Railroad |
| | Company shops built here in 1857 for maintenance and repair of the N.C. Railroad. Closed in 1866. — Map (db m43304) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Occaneechi in the Service — Piedmont Indians in the Civil War |
| | When North Carolina passed laws in 1833 to restrict the rights of free blacks; they also limited the rights of Indians. In old Orange (later Alamance) County, many Occaneechi Indians including Dixon Corn, Jesse Jeffries, Enoch Jones, and Andrew Jeffries were prosperous farmers and tradesmen. The law kept them from joining the militia, but during the war, many volunteered as foragers, teamsters, hostlers, and paid body servants. In North Carolina’s mountains, some Cherokee fought as soldiers in . . . — Map (db m58335) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Original Garrett House |
| | In 1830, John and Polly Garrett constructed this small log home, which is one of the earliest structures in the district. They lived in this house for five years while they were building the large two-story house behind you. This house served as a kitchen for thirty years thereafter. — Map (db m34724) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Pine Hill Cemetery - Veterans Memorial |
| | (Front):Dedicated to the men and women of Alamance County who served their country in war
(East Side): Time will not dim the glory of their deeds
(Back): Patriotic sacrifices forever remembered
(West Side): Walter B. Ellis Post no. 63 The American Legion
1943 — Map (db m31558) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Pioneer Plant — Burlington Industries |
| | Burlington Mills was incorporated Nov. 1, 1923. The first plant of that company, later known as Burlington Industries, largest maker of textiles in the world, began operations on this site July 29, 1924. — Map (db m29995) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Pleasant Grove High School — 1922 - 1971 |
| | Side A Pleasant Grove High School was built on this site in 1922 to serve grades 8 - 10 from 5 small schools in the Pleasant Grove township and one from the Faucette township; Mahan, Sidney, King, Squires, and McCray. Brogden Tew was the first principal. Grades 1 - 7 from the 5 schools, plus Union Ridge School, were consolidated into Pleasant Grove in 1925 - 30. All small schools were eventually sold or demolished.
In 1962 all-white high schools in the eastern quadrant of the . . . — Map (db m31151) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Post Office |
| | During the 1870's and 80's, this building served as a community post office. The building has been restored and displays "pigeon holes" which are compartments used to sort the mail.
The building on the right is a smoke house. It dates back to the 1850's and was used for curing meats. Smoking and salt curing were the primary sources for preserving meats during this time period. — Map (db m34735) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 22 — Pyle's Defeat |
| | A body of Tories, going to join Cornwallis' Army at Hillsborough, was destroyed by a Whig force, Feb. 23, 1781. ¾ mile southwest. — Map (db m28524) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Pyle's Defeat — February 1781 |
| | Near this location, mounted Loyalists from Chatham and southern Orange counties led by Col. John Pyle, and on their way to join Gen. Cornwallis in Hillsborough, were defeated by units of Gen. Greene's American Army led by Col. Henry "Light Horse Harry" Lee and Gen. Andrew Pickens. As the two forces converged on a narrow road, Holts Race Path, the Loyalists mistook Lee's troopers for British cavalry. More than 90 Loyalists were killed in a brief battle fought primarily with sabers and swords. . . . — Map (db m34718) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — St. Paul's Lutheran Church |
| | On Colonial Trading Path
Travelers used nearby spring
Preaching point 1759
Originally called "Graves Church"
Church founded circa 1770
Burials from early period in
rock enclosed cemetery
Recorded burials from 1790
Called "the Chappel" in 1793
Two log structures used prior to frame church
Present brick church erected 1960 — Map (db m32156) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — The Animals of a Turn of the Century Farm |
| | The animals of a turn of the century farm were very important to the self supporting farmer. We have tried to represent some of the more common animals found on the farm. We presently have sheep, goats, beef cows, dairy cows and a team of mules. The animals will be found in one of the pastures surrounding the farm yard. You are welcomed to watch the animals but please do not feed or pet them. — Map (db m34744) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — The Corn Crib |
| | The corn crib (located on your left) was a special building used for storing corn and other grains. The corn would be picked from the fields and put in there to dry. Once the corn dried, the farmer would separate the kernels from the cob using a hand cranked sheller.
Conveniently located near the corn crib was the out-house. Since toilet tissue had not been invented, the soft corn husk was the preferred choice. — Map (db m34736) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — The John Allen House |
| | Quaker John Allen constructed this log dwelling circa 1780 in nearby Snow Camp. The State of North Carolina moved it here in 1966, restored it, and opened it to the public in 1967 to illustrate colonial life in the backcountry of North Carolina. The structure contains a main living area, a sleeping quarters, two porches, and a cellar for storing foods. Allen family descendants lived in the home until 1929 and made changes that included glass windows and exterior weatherboarding. All of the more . . . — Map (db m42253) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — The Regulators' Field — A Lesson for the Defeated — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began of February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy's logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After Sherman was . . . — Map (db m42335) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — The Rise of the Textile Mill Communities |
| | In the decades following the Civil War, the textile industry thrust the South into a period of rapid industrialization. In North Carolina, construction of railroads began through Piedmont “backcountry,” and cities sprung up in their paths. Piedmont farmers, who had always relied on family and neighbors to survive, now had greater access to the outside world. Agriculture itself was changing. The abolition of slavery transformed the plantation system, and freed people struggled to . . . — Map (db m33535) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 33 — Trading Path |
| | Colonial trading route, dating from 17th century, from Petersburg, Virginia, to Catawba and Waxhaw Indians in Carolina, passed nearby. — Map (db m28700) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 60 — Tryon’s Camp |
| | Before and after the battle of Alamance, the militia of Governor William Tryon camped nearby, along Alamance Creek, May 13-19, 1771. — Map (db m37373) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — G 60 — Tryon's Camp |
| | Before and after the Battle of Alamance, the Militia of the Governor William Tryon camped nearby, along Alamance Creek. May 13-19, 1771. — Map (db m28526) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Women in the Mill Village |
| | The first waves of migration off the farms were primarily single women and widows. Since these women had limited access to land, they were eager to take the steady work and housing the textile mills provided. An example of this was Bynum, North Carolina in 1880, where widows headed nine of the fourteen households in the mill village.
Economically, women mill workers were a valuable asset to mill owners. Earning 60% of a man’s wage, owners saw women as cheap, unskilled labor, and therefore . . . — Map (db m32792) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Burlington — Working the Shift |
| | Turning raw cotton into cloth was a multi-step process. As a result, textile mills had different jobs all along the production chain. In the opening room, men unfastened cotton bales and loaded them into cleaning and fluffing machines. From there cotton moved to the picker room where workers cleaned it further and machines formed it into large sheets. Employees in the carding room oversaw the formation of clean, uniform, cotton ropes called slivers. Machines rolled these slivers out and others . . . — Map (db m32834) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Elon — G 52 — Elon University |
| | Founded Elon College by the Christian Church in 1889. Coeducational. Burned in 1923; rebuilt 1923 - 26. — Map (db m30100) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — "Elmhurst" — 1869 |
| | Second Empire
Victorian Architecture
Residence of Capt. J.N. Williamson
Son-in-Law of E.M. Holt
— Map (db m35046) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — 1763 Providence — Center of History |
| | This site and "meeting house" was the area birthplace of a new country in pre-revolutionary meetings, a new county (Alamance), a new county seat (Graham), an early public library, a courthouse, a school to college presidents and a governor, and a center for area leaders to find guidance and faith as they founded other area churches. This is the birthplace of Elon University. Traveling down this early Indian Path and stagecoach road and leaving their marks in this area were the names O'Kelly, . . . — Map (db m64237) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Alamance County Confederate Memorial |
| | To Commemorate With Grateful Love the Patriotism, Valor, and Devotion to Duty, of the Brave Soldiers of Alamance County.
(Back): "On Fame's Eternal Camping Ground, Their Silent Tents are Spread, and Glory Guards, with Solemn Round, the Bivouac of the Dead."
(Side): Faithful Unto Death, They are Crowned with Immortal Glory." — Map (db m28269) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Alamance County Courthouse |
| | Alamance County Courthouse
Built in 1923
to replace the original
1851 brick and stucco
structure — Map (db m39916) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Alamance County War Memorial |
| | The Memorial Is Dedicated To The Honor Of All The Brave Men And Women Of Alamance County Who Fought In Service To Their Country And In Memory Of Those Inscribed Here Who Died In Defense Of Our Freedom.
Civil War
Jacob Adams, W.B. Adams, Calvin Albright, George M.G. Albright, Henry C. Albright, John S. Albright, Joseph A. Albright, Lawrence Albright, Samuel A. Albright, Sauren Albright, E.M. Allen, Lea Allison, Thomas Allred, Calvander Andrews, S. Andrews, Jacob Anthony, Alfred . . . — Map (db m31485) WM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — G 55 — Alexander Wilson |
| | Teacher in Piedmont area from 1819 to 1867; operated own school in Alamance County, 1851 - 67. Home is 1 mile, grave is 3½ miles northeast. — Map (db m29244) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Built to House the Alamance Gleaner |
| | 1906
Built to House
The Alamance Gleaner
Published Weekly
1875 - 1947
— Map (db m34989) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Captain James W. White House — 1871 |
| | Constructed by E.M. Holt
as a residence for his
daughter, Emily Virginia,
wife of Capt. James W. White
— Map (db m35038) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — G 96 — Graham College |
| | Est. by the Christian Church, 1851, as Graham Institute; forerunner of Elon College. Burned in 1892. Stood 1 blk. west. — Map (db m29894) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Graham's First Bank |
| | 1851
Constructed by E. M. Holt
for mercantile use
In 1860
housed Graham's first bank — Map (db m31014) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Johnston Moves West — Ruffin Mills — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface) The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy’s logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After Sherman was . . . — Map (db m46022) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — G 120 — Kirk-Holden War |
| | Racial violence in Caswell and Alamance counties in 1870 led to martial law, under Col. Geo. W. Kirk, impeachment & removal of Gov. W.W. Holden. — Map (db m28308) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Montwhite Building — 1907 |
| | Italian Renaissance
Housed the Opera House
and
Various Mercantile Enterprises — Map (db m35016) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — National Bank of Alamance |
| |
Organized in 1899
Housed in this building
Constructed in 1906
Remodeled 1924 — Map (db m31013) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Originally a Wing of the Union Hotel |
| | 1851
Originally a Wing of the
Union Hotel
In 1903 Converted to a Dwelling
By L. Banks Holt
— Map (db m35017) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Providence Church & Cemetery — First building erected c. 1763 |
| | Side A Providence was a gathering spot for pioneers in the Haw River basin. Many families and denominations during the eighteenth century used this cemetery. Many early settlers including members of the Turrentine, Sellars, Holt, Harden, Andrews, Trollinger and Long families are buried here.
When the Christian denomination was founded in 1792, Providence became one of its first churches under the influence of founder James O'Kelly.
One of the earliest schools in the area, . . . — Map (db m28277) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — The Harden House |
| | The Harden House
Greek Revival Architecture
Built and Occupied
by Peter R.Harden
Pioneer Merchant
— Map (db m34988) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Graham — Wrike Drug |
| | Renaissance Revival
unaltered but for the
new store front
1902 — Map (db m32400) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Haw River — Nathaniel Polk DeShong — The Southern Diaspora |
| | Nathaniel Polk DeShong descended from Huguenot immigrants who settled near the Haw River about a mile and a half north of here. He enlisted on June 21, 1861, at 17 years of age under Capt. James W. Lea “for the War” in the 6th North Carolina State Troops at Camp Alamance (5 miles west). A slight man who handled animals well, DeShong was detailed as a teamster and ambulance driver on February 6, 1862. In that capacity, he removed the wounded from the battlefields of Antietam, . . . — Map (db m46081) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Haw River — G 59 — Thomas M. Holt |
| | Governor, 1891-93; cotton mill owner. Sponsor of railroad development and state aid to education. Home stood 350 yards S. — Map (db m29968) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Haw River — G 81 — W. Kerr Scott |
| | Governor, 1949 - 1953; United States Senator, 1954 - 1958; N.C. Commissioner of Agriculture, 1937 - 1948. Birthplace is nearby. — Map (db m29305) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Mebane — G 54 — Alexander Mebane |
| | Brigadier general of North Carolina militia, member House of Commons, conventions 1788, 1789, and U.S. Congress. His home stood nearby. — Map (db m28808) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Mebane — G 36 — Bingham School |
| | Founded as Mt. Repose by William Bingham ca. 1815; closed in 1827. Stood 1½ mi. N. Later operated in Orange Co. — Map (db m29303) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Mebane — G 30 — Hawfields Church |
| | Presbyterian, founded about 1755, three miles N.E. Henry Patillo the first pastor. Present building erected 1852. — Map (db m29337) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Mebane — Johnston Moves West — Hardee's Column — Carolinas Campaign |
| | (Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Scattered Confederate forces consolidated in North Carolina, the Confederacy’s logistical lifeline, where Sherman defeated Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s last-ditch attack at Bentonville. After Sherman was . . . — Map (db m46023) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Mebane — G 34 — Trading Path |
| | Colonial trading route, dating from 17th century, from Petersburg, Virginia, to the Catawba and Waxhaw Indians in Carolina, passed nearby. — Map (db m28822) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Saxapahaw — G 95 — B. Everett Jordan — 1896 - 1974 |
| | United States Senator, 1958 - 1973, and textile executive. Home stands one mile northeast. — Map (db m30266) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Saxapahaw — Saxapahaw |
| | Welcome to...
Saxapahaw
First Settled by the Sissipahaw Indians
Site of Pioneer Cotton Mill Built by Quaker John Newlin in 1844 & revived in 1927 by Sellers Mfg Co.
Home of B. Everett Jordan
U.S. Senator 1958 - 1973 — Map (db m30264) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — A Memorial to British Troops Who Died in the Old Meeting House |
| | A memorial to British troops who died in the Old Meeting House during Cornwallis encampment here on his retreat from Guilford Courthouse March 1781.
Erected by Troop 46 B.S.A. Henry Overman Leader Who Died Before Completing It. — Map (db m30558) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — Allen House — Circa 1780 |
| | Original frontier log dwelling built by Quaker John Allen III. House stood approximately 400 feet southeast. Housed five generations. Moved in 1965 to Alamance Battleground State Historic Site. — Map (db m30287) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — Cane Creek Friends Meeting Since 1751 / Abigail Overman Pike 1709 - 1781 |
| | Side 1:
Cane Creek Friends Meeting Since 1751
The first Cane Creek Meetinghouse stood about two miles east on land belonging to John Stanfield. The first of four meetinghouses on this site was built in 1764 on land given by William Marshall. The third meetinghouse was destroyed by fire in 1879 and the fourth in January 1942. Ten months later the present building was completed and services were once again held on this site. Cane Creek has accomplished much through the years. Sylvan . . . — Map (db m30682) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — G 69 — Cane Creek Meeting |
| | First Monthly Meeting of Friends in central North Carolina, 1751. Present building is on the original site. — Map (db m30487) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — Cane Creek Meeting House — Suffering for Peace |
| | The Quakers (Society of Friends) were early anti-slavery supporters of the Underground Railroad. Once the war erupted and Alamance County residents chose sides, supporters of the Confederacy regarded the Friends as Unionists. Never attacked directly by their neighbors, the Quakers were subjected to various pressures to conform. The government, attempting to enforce the conscription acts, tried not only to persuade Quaker conscripts to renounce their faith but also inflicted physical and . . . — Map (db m45538) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — Ernest Peter Dixon — 1879 - 1953 — A Master Teacher - Father of Eli Whitney Schools |
| | Educator, historian, civic leader, farmer, a teacher in the public schools of North Carolina for 32 years. 22 years in this community he motivated his students and the community, his home place stands 2 miles northwest. — Map (db m30283) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — Freedom Hill Church — No Slaveholder can be a Christian! |
| | A mile south of here is the site of Freedom Hill Wesleyan Methodist Church, a simple frame building that measured 27 by 36 feet and was dedicated in March 1848. When local residents sent a plea for a minister to the Wesleyans in Ohio in 1847, the Rev. Adam Crooks accepted the call. Among the most outspoken of southern abolitionist groups, the Wesleyans held to the principle that no Christian could in conscience own slaves, a position similar to that of the Quakers. Confrontation with the . . . — Map (db m46020) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — General John Butler |
| |
1770 Sheriff of Orange County
1775 Moore's Creek Campaign
1779 August, GA, Charleston, SCStono Ferry, SC
1780 Camden, SC, Charlotte, NC
Salisbury, NC
1781 Guilford Court House, Lindley's Mill, Elizabethtown near Wilmington — Map (db m30697) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — G 21 — Lindley's Mill |
| | In a Battle, September 13, 1781, Four Miles Southwest, Butler's Whigs Failed to Rescue Governor Burke From Fanning's Tories. — Map (db m30270) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — Micajah McPherson — We have Fought the Good Fight and Kept Our Faith |
| | Micajah McPherson, a trustee of Freedom Hill Wesleyan Methodist Church and abolitionist, was lynched about a mile and a half southeast of here. Although there are different stories about his lynching, they agree that he was an innocent man lynched by vigilantes who the authorities protected. According to his descendants, after the Confederate conscription act was passed in 1862, riders approached McPherson’s house one day and demanded, “Where’s your boy?” “The . . . — Map (db m46021) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — September 13, 1781 — (Battle of Lindley's Mill) |
| | On these grounds, Revolutionaries and Loyalists were buried together in mass graves by people of this neighborhood, who also cared for the wounded in their homes. Additional burials are at Spring Meeting House. — Map (db m30695) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — G 76 — Snow Camp |
| | Settled by Quakers in 1749. Cornwallis camped in area after Battle of Guilford Courthouse and used home of Simon Dixon as headquarters. — Map (db m32292) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — G 91 — Spring Friends Meeting |
| | Meeting house by 1761; Meeting recognized, 1773; Preparative Meeting, 1779; & Monthly Meeting, 1793. — Map (db m30276) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — The Battle of Lindley's Mill — September 13, 1781 |
| | At this site, Patriot militia commanded by Brigadier General John Butler ambushed loyalist militia commanded by Colonel David Fanning in an effort to free prisoners, whom the Loyalist had captured at Hillsborough the previous day.
Although losses were heavy on both sides, the Loyalist kept their prisoners and continued their march to join the British forces at Wilmington. After the four hour battle, local residents cared for the wounded on both sides and buried the dead. — Map (db m30696) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — The Battle of Lindley's Mill Memorial |
| | In Memory of the Whig and Tory Soldiers who died in the Battle of Lindley's Mill 14th D. 11 Mo. 1781 and were buried here and on the battlefield
Erected 7th Day 10 Mo. 1979 — Map (db m30594) HM |
| North Carolina (Alamance County), Snow Camp — Uncle Eli's Quilting Party — Began here in former Eli Whitney School |
| | In 1921 Principal E.P. Dixon started high school classes in nearby vacant cotton gin, naming school for the inventor Eli Whitney.
In 1923 high school classes relocated to building on this site. In 1928 a primary grade school building was added for students of local one-room type schools: Center, Manndale, Concord, Spring, and Greenhill, along with a uniting connector auditorium that was also used for community events. Here began "Uncle Eli's Quilting Party" in 1931. The one-day quilting . . . — Map (db m33345) HM |
| North Carolina (Alleghany County), Laurel Springs — Robert Lee Doughton |
| | Robert Lee Doughton, for whom Doughton Park is named, was born in Alleghany County, North Carolina, November 7, 1863. An original and leading advocate of the establishment and development of the Blue Ridge Parkway, he was a member of the United States House of Representatives 1911-1953, Chairman of its Committee on Ways and Means 1933-1947 and 1949-1953. — Map (db m24339) HM |
| North Carolina (Anson County), McFarlan — K-22 — North Carolina / South Carolina |
| |
North Carolina
Colonized, 1585-87, by first English settlers in America; permanently settled c. 1650; first to vote readiness for independence, Apr. 12, 1776
South Carolina
Formed in 1712 from part of Carolina, which was chartered in 1663, it was first settled by the English in 1670. One of the 13 original states. — Map (db m42303) HM |
| North Carolina (Anson County), Morven — K-6 — John J. McRae — 1815-1868 |
| | Governor of Mississippi, 1854-1857. Member, U.S. Senate and House; Confederate congressman. Born 5 miles southeast. — Map (db m42319) HM |
| North Carolina (Anson County), Morven — K-7 — Sneedsborough |
| | Laid out 1795. Promoted as inland port town on Pee Dee River by Archibald D. Murphey. Only graveyard remains, five miles southeast. — Map (db m42309) HM |
| North Carolina (Anson County), Polkton — KK-1 — Brown Creek Soil Conservation District — First in America |
| | Here was established the first district in America for a systematic program of land erosion control. Known as the Brown Creek District because it embraced the area of the Brown Creek Watershed, it heralded the beginning of a national program of soil conservation districts.
The Brown Creek District included the plantation birthplace of Hugh H. Bennett, “father of soil conservation.” Bennett, born in 1881, graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1903, and became a . . . — Map (db m42349) HM |
| North Carolina (Anson County), Polkton — K-11 — Leonidas L. Polk — 1837-1892 |
| | President of National Farmers' Alliance, 1889-1892; began Progressive Farmer, 1886; a founder of NCSU and Meredith College. Was born here. — Map (db m42356) HM |
| North Carolina (Anson County), Wadesboro — K-41 — Boggan-Hammond House |
| | Eighteenth-century house built by Patrick Boggan, Revolutionary soldier & a founder of Wadesboro. Now historical museum. Located 2 blocks south. — Map (db m42321) HM |
| North Carolina (Anson County), Wadesboro — K-55 — Hugh Hammond Bennett — 1881-1960 |
| | “Father of soil conservation.” First chief of the Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1935-1952. Born 4 miles southwest. — Map (db m42344) HM |
| North Carolina (Anson County), Wadesboro — K-40 — Thomas Samuel Ashe |
| | Associate Justice, State Supreme Court, 1878-1887; Member of Congress, 1873-1877; Member of Confederate Congress; legislator. Home is one mile west. — Map (db m42320) HM |
| North Carolina (Avery County), Elk Park — N-6 — Cranberry Mines |
| | Iron ore deposits near here were mined from ca. 1826 until 1930. Supplied iron to the Confederacy. — Map (db m44969) HM |
| North Carolina (Avery County), Valley — Overmountain Men |
| | Appalachian Trail, Yellow Mountain Gap. Yellow Mountain Gap is the junction of the Appalachian Trail and Historic Bright’s Trace, route used by the “Overmountain Men” to cross the mountain enroute to the Revolutionary War battle at King's Mountain, S.C. The blue-blazed side trail leads 0.2 miles to a barn which has been renovated to shelter Appalachian Trail hikers. Keep right at forks in the trail and turn right onto the gravel road which leads to the shelter. — Map (db m3269) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Bath — Colonial Bath |
| | Bath, originally the Indian town of
Pampticough, was settled by white men
about 1690 and incorporated in 1705.
It is the oldest town in North Carolina.
Its first commissioners were John Lawson,
Joel Martin, and Simon Alderson. Here was
founded in 1700 the first public library
in the colony. St. Thomas' Church, built
in 1734, is the oldest church in the state.
The General Assembly met in Bath
in 1744 and in 1752. — Map (db m64799) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Bath — B-47 — Edward Teach |
| | Notorious pirate called
"Blackbeard." Lived in
Bath while Charles
Eden was governor. Killed at Ocracoke, 1718. — Map (db m64796) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Bath — B-21 — First Post Road |
| |
The road from New England
to Charleston, over
which mail was first
carried regularly in
North Carolina, 1738-39,
passed near this spot. — Map (db m65358) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Chocowinity — B-17 — Fort Hill |
| | Site of Confederate batteries on Pamlico River which enabled General D. H. Hill's forces to besiege Washington in spring of 1863. Five miles east. — Map (db m52837) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Chocowinity — B-46 — Trinity Church |
| | Episcopal. Originally Blount’s Chapel. Built ca. 1774 by Rev. Nathaniel Blount. Moved in 1939 from original site nearby. — Map (db m52776) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Chocowinity — C-36 — Trinity School |
| | Episcopal boys school founded in 1851 by The Rev. N.C. Hughes. Open off and on until 1908. Many students entered ministry. Stood here. — Map (db m52835) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), near Bunyan — B-8 — Granville Grant |
| |
Formed northern half of
colony of North Carolina.
Its southern boundary
was surveyed in 1743
to a point near here. — Map (db m65275) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Washington — B-15 — Attack On Washington |
| |
Town taken by Federals,
March, 1862. Confederate
efforts to recapture it
failed, 1862 and 1863. — Map (db m64758) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Washington — B-16 — Burning Of Washington |
| | The town was burned and
shelled by evacuating
United States troops
in April, 1864. — Map (db m64759) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Washington — B-39 — Siege Of Washington |
| | Confederates failed to
recapture town, March-
April, 1863, but held
it March-Nov., 1864. — Map (db m64757) HM |
| North Carolina (Beaufort County), Washington — USS Picket — Battle of Washington |
| | During the summer of 1892, Union
forces firmly controlled eastern
North Carolina, with garrisons
stationed at Plymouth, Washington,
New Bern and elsewhere. Federal
detachments raided the countryside
at will, while Confederate authorities
struck back with raids of their
own. One such action occurred here
at Washington on September 6,
when Confederate Maj. Stephen D.
Pool led 1,000 infantry, cavalry, and
artillery against the 1,200-man
garrison. Concealed by early morning
fog, . . . — Map (db m64899) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Merry Hill — A 49 — "Scotch Hall" |
| | Plantation setting for the novel "Bertie," by George R. Throop (1851), tutor in the family of Geo. W. Capehart. House built 1838 is 8 mi. S.E. — Map (db m56987) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Merry Hill — A-10 — Salmon Creek and Eden House: Seedbed of the Colony |
| | Along the banks of the Chowan River and Salmon Creek, the seeds were planted for the colony and state of North Carolina. From these roots in the 1600s emerged the refined plantation life of the ruling colonial gentry in the 1700s, made possible by the displacement of Indians and with slave labor. The earliest settlers in this region, largely natives of the British Isles, transplanted their folkways, building techniques, agricultural methods, and adventurous spirit to these shores. . . . — Map (db m56927) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — A 74 — "Windsor Castle" |
| | Built 1858 by Patrick H. Winston, Jr. Birthplace of sons George T., educator; Francis D., lt. gov., 1905-1909; & Robert W., writer. 100 yards east. — Map (db m60651) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — Bertie County Confederate Monument |
| | We responded to
our country’s
call.
“We fought an
honest fight.
We kept the
Southron’s faith.
We fell at the
post of duty.
We died for the
land we loved.”
Our Confederate
Dead
1861-1865 — Map (db m60728) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — A 7 — David Stone |
| | Governor, 1808-10; U.S. Senator; Congressman. "Hope," his home, stands 4 miles northwest. — Map (db m60650) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — Eden House Root Cellar |
| | In the days before electricity and refrigerators, many people built a kind of half-basement under a home or shed called a “root cellar” to store food.
The natural insulation of the ground lets root cellars maintain a fairly constant cool temperature (c 50-55°F), which deters the spoiling of food. Long ago people learned that crops could be stored in root cellars after harvest season and stay fresh through winter.
The bricks in this floor were discovered in the 1990s during . . . — Map (db m60732) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — Engagement at Windsor — Action on the Cashie River |
| | To disrupt Confederate recruiting efforts here in Windsor, the Bertie County seat, three Federal transports steamed from Plymouth on the night of January 29, 1864, under U.S. Navy Lt. Cmdr. Charles W Flusser. USS Whitehead and USS Bombshell headed up the Cashie River by way of the connecting “Thoroughfare.” USS Massasoit steamed up the Roanoke River to Cedar Landing below Hamilton and disembarked five hundred 103rd Pennsylvania Infantry soldiers at daybreak on . . . — Map (db m60627) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — Gray’s Landing |
| | William Gray in 1776 set aside 100 acres at Gray’s Landing for establishing a town. 18th century travelers would have disembarked from sailing vessels docked at the foot of King Street at the old Gray’s Landing site. Visitors to Windsor today, crossing the Cashie River via Highway 17, enter the town at the old Gary’s Landing site.
The old Halifax Road from Edenton to Halifax, both leading colonial centers, crossed the Cashie at Gray’s Landing, a deep water port. As the town developed, . . . — Map (db m60629) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — Historic Windsor |
| | Created by an act of Colonial Assembly in 1768, New Windsor was established on the site known as Gray’s Landing. A part of grants to the Lords Proprietors, 2800 acres on the Cashie River were sold in 1717 by John Lord Carteret, Earl of Granville to Thomas Pollock. His son, Cullen, sold to John Gray 1,000 acres of the “Rosefield” Plantation in 1722. William Blount, a Gray descendant who was born at Rosefield, became a member of the Continental Congress and a signer of the Federal . . . — Map (db m60630) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — A 36 — Locke Craig — 1860-1925 |
| | Governor, 1913-1917; teacher, lawyer, state legislator. His birthplace is one mile N.E. — Map (db m60652) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — A 57 — Naval Battle, 1864 |
| | The Confederate ironclad ram Albemarle, led by Capt. J.W. Cooke, crossed Batchelor's Bay, May 5, 1864, and fought seven Union warships 15 mi. E. — Map (db m56990) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — Roanoke/Cashie River Center Grave Site |
| | These graves were discovered during site preparation for Roanoke/Cashie River Center.
They were overgrown with vines and shrubs, and had not been tended in many years.
One grave dates to 1884. No date is found on the other headstone.
Virtually nothing is known about the history of the graves or the history of the people buried here.
The graves have been left intact as a memorial to all those who have built and shaped the Town of Windsor. — Map (db m60733) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — The Battle of Windsor — January 30, 1864 |
| | Acting on orders from General Robert E. Lee in the winter of 1863-64, Confederate forces under the command of Major General George E. Pickett were deployed throughout eastern North Carolina preparatory to as an attempt at clearing the enemy from the North Carolina coastal plain.
Union forces scattered in the eastern towns responded quickly. Just prior to midnight on January 29, 1864, three warships silently embarked from Union occupied Plymouth loaded with 1,200 Federal troops in an . . . — Map (db m60628) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — Wellington and Powell Railroad |
| | This brick vault was once housed in the depot of the Wellington and Powell Railroad.
The W&P ran between Windsor and Ahoskie in the early to mid 1900’s carrying produce and passengers.
There was a hill on the train’s route it often had trouble climbing. Passengers sometimes had to literally jump out and help push cars to the top. That led to people jokingly refer to the W&P as the “Walk and Push.” — Map (db m60730) HM |
| North Carolina (Bertie County), Windsor — A 41 — William Blount |
| | Member of Continental Congress, signer of the Federal Constitution, governor S.W. Territory, Senator from Tennessee. Birthplace 1/5 mi. S.W. — Map (db m60649) HM |
| North Carolina (Bladen County), Clarkton — Old Brown Marsh Presbyterian Church — 2 Miles North East |
| | Organized prior to 1756. Present building constructed 1818—the third on site. First two buildings of logs. Was also used for secular education until 1848. Among early ministers: H. McAden, Jas. Hall, S. Stanford, C. Lindsay. — Map (db m60483) HM |
| North Carolina (Bladen County), Clarkton — Old Brown Marsh Presbyterian Church |
| | Organized prior to 1756 by Scottish settlers. Present building constructed 1818. Third building on site. First two building of logs. Was also used for secular education until 1848. Some early ministers: H. McAden — Jas. Hall — S. Stanford — C. Lindsay.
Entered on the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior September 2. 1975 — Map (db m60485) HM |
| North Carolina (Bladen County), Clarkton — Whistler’s Mother — 1804–1881 |
| | Anna Mathilda McNeill Whistler, mother of the noted painter, James Abbot McNeill Whistler, lived in a house which stood 1300 yards east of this spot. — Map (db m60280) HM |
| North Carolina (Bladen County), Elizabethtown — I-11 — Battle of Elizabethtown |
| | Whigs broke Tory power in Bladen County, August, 1781, driving them into Tory Hole, 50 yards north. — Map (db m27536) HM |
| North Carolina (Bladen County), Tar Heel — I-37 — Thomas Robeson |
| | Colonel in Revolution, member of provincial congresses and state senator. Robeson County is named for him. His home stood ½ mile N.E. — Map (db m18070) HM |
| North Carolina (Bladen County), White Lake — I-78 — White Lake CCC Camp |
| | An installation of the Civilian Conservation Corps. Initiated modern park improvements. Established here 1835; closed 1942. — Map (db m60360) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Belville — D-25 — Alfred Moore |
| | Associate Justice United States Supreme Court, 1799–1804, officer in the Revolution, state Attorney General, Judge. Home was 18¾ mi. S. — Map (db m6419) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Belville — D-14 — Arthur Dobbs |
| | Royal Governor 1754–65, author, member Irish Parliament, promoter of search for Northwest Passage, is buried at Saint Philips Church. — Map (db m6436) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Belville — D 85 — Benjamin Smith — 1756-1826 |
| | Governor, 1810-1811, legislator, soldier, benefactor of UNC. His plantation, “Belvedere,” was 6 miles northeast. — Map (db m39650) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Belville — Fort Anderson |
| | Large Confederate fort stands 13 mi. S. After a strong Union attack it was evacuated Feb. 18, 1865, resulting in the fall of Wilmington. — Map (db m6437) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Belville — D-3 — Orton |
| | Fine colonial home. Built about 1725 by Roger Moore. Later Gov. Benjamin Smith’s home. Stands 16¾ mi. south. — Map (db m6435) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Belville — D-24 — Robert Howe |
| | Major General in the Revolution, commander of the American Army in the South., 1776–78. His home stood 17 miles S. — Map (db m6320) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Belville — D-16 — Spanish Attack |
| | A Spanish expedition captured the town of Brunswick, 1748, during King George’s War, but was soon driven away by the colonial militia. — Map (db m6420) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Belville — D-4 — Stamp Act |
| | Resisted by armed band, Feb., 1766, at Brunswick, where royal governor Tryon lived. Site 18¾ mi. south. — Map (db m6410) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Brunswick Town State Historic Site — Russelborough |
| | Erected by Captain John Russell, Commander of His Britannic Majesty's Sloop of War Scorpion, who gave his name to this residence and tract of fifty-five acres of land adjacent to the town of Brunswick. Subsequently owned and occupied by the British Governor and Commander in Chief,
Arthur Dobbs,
and later conveyed to His Excellency
William Tryon, Governor.
On the 10th of February 1766, this building, known as Tryon's Palace, was surrounded by one hundred and fifty armed men of the Cape . . . — Map (db m22372) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Brunswick Town State Historic Site — D 82 — Russellborough |
| | Home of royal governors Dobbs and Tryon. Site of Stamp Act resistance in 1765. Burned in American Revolution. — Map (db m22197) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Calabash — D-79 — Boundary House |
| | Commissioners met here to run boundary in 1764. Popular stop for colonial travelers. Ruins used to establish present state line in 1928. Located 2¾ mi. S.E. — Map (db m5375) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Calabash — D-30 — First Post Road |
| | The road from New England to Charleston, over which mail was first carried regularly in North Carolina, 1738–39, passed near this spot. — Map (db m6317) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Calabash — D-29 — North Carolina / South Carolina |
| | North Carolina. Colonized, 1585–87, by first English settlers in America; permanently settled c. 1650; first to vote readiness for Independence, Apr. 12, 1776.
South Carolina. Formed in 1712 from pat of Carolina, which was chartered in 1663, it was first settled by the English in 1670. One of the 13 original states. — Map (db m6319) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Carolina Shores — D 29 — South Carolina / North Carolina |
| | South Carolina
Formed in 1712 from part of Carolina, which was chartered in 1663, it was first settled by the English in 1670. One of the 13 original states.
North Carolina
Colonized, 1585-87, b first English settlers in America; permanently settled C. 1650; first to vote readiness for independence, Apr. 12, 1776. — Map (db m39649) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Oak Island — D-62 — Fort Caswell |
| | Seized by N.C. Militia three months before firing on Fort Sumter. Governor Ellis ordered its return to Federal Authority; three miles east. — Map (db m5834) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Oak Island — D-109 — Hurricane Hazel |
| | Category 4 storm made landfall at Long Beach, October 15, 1954, with winds over 140 mph & 17-foot surge. Nineteen people killed in N.C. — Map (db m5832) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Shallotte — Shallotte |
| | Established late 1700’s. Incorporated March6, 1899. The Shallotte River was navigated by commercial sailing vessels until the 1920’s when the roads were built. First church building erected on this site circa 1799. — Map (db m28823) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Shallotte — D-70 — Washington’s Southern Tour |
| | President Washington, on April 27, 1791, was a guest at the home of William Gause, Jr., which stood four miles north. — Map (db m16277) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — (Map of the First 100 Lots) |
| | Here on this small bluff overlooking the Cape Fear River, Joshua Potts in the year 1790 envisioned a town surrounding old Fort Johnston. “Braced up by the effects of the salubrious breeze, from the sea,” Joshua Potts laid out the first hundred lots, which were incorporated as the town of Smithville (later to become Southport) in November 1792. Look around you and believe in “Joshua’s Dream.” — Map (db m4792) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Catalino Tingzon |
| | Dedicated to the memory of Catalino Tingzon, interred in Northwood Cemetery, and all Merchant Marine seamen and U.S. Navy Armed Guard on the tanker S.S.John D. Gill torpedoed and sunk off Cape Fear by the German submarine U-158 March 12, 1942. The citizens of Southport cared for the survivors and mourned for those who lost their lives. — Map (db m4950) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — D-8 — Fort Caswell |
| | Named for Gov. Caswell. Begun by U.S. in 1826; seized by N.C. troops, 1861; abandoned by Confederates, 1865. Stands five miles southeast. — Map (db m16331) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Fort Johnston |
| | This tablet was erected May, 1911 by the North Carolina Society of Colonial Dames of America to mark the site of Fort Johnston, the first fort in the Province of North Carolina, built under Act of Assembly of 1745 and completed 1764, and named in honour of Governor Gabriel Johnston. The Patriots of the Cape Fear resisting the execution of the Stamp Act in 1766 forced the spiking of its 24 cannon, the gift of King George II.
The fort was the refuge of Governor Josiah Martin after his flight . . . — Map (db m4754) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Fort Johnston — Guardian of the Cape Fear River |
| | Confederate Lifeline. On January 9, 1861, as secession fever swept the South, an armed body of civilians overwhelmed Fort Johnston’s lone occupant, Ordinance Sgt. James Reilly, and demanded the keys. Reilly quickly surrendered them and received a receipt in return. North Carolina Gov. John W. Ellis, however, on January 11 ordered Fort Johnston and several other strongholds restored to the Federal government. The confederates reoccupied the fort on April 16, after the fall of Fort Sumter, . . . — Map (db m4761) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — D-11 — Fort Johnston |
| | Built, 1748–54; burned by Whigs, 1775; rebuilt by U.S. government, 1794–1809. Only the officers quarters remain. — Map (db m4777) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Franklin Square — “The Grove” |
| | Site for this public park was given to the town of Smithville, which was named in his honor, by Governor Benjamin Smith. His legacy provided that land in this square be used for educational, fraternal, religious and recreational purposes.
Th giant live oaks which canopy Franklin Square are hundreds of years old. “The Four Sisters,” behind the City Hall, have been played by children for many generations. Thousands of camellias and azaleas have been planted to beautify he park, . . . — Map (db m5988) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Indian Trail Tree — Keziah Memorial Park — William Barnum Keziah, 1885–1957, “The Rovin’ Reporter” |
| | This ancient gnarled oak has been estimated to be more than 800 years old. Indians may have bent the young tree to mark the trail to their fishing grounds. The tree took root a second time, thus developing the unusual formation. — Map (db m20366) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — D-89 — Josiah Martin |
| | Last royal governor of North Carolina, 1771–75. Fearing capture, in June 1775 he sought refuge here. Fled offshore to HMS Cruizer in July. — Map (db m4790) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Mrs. Jessie Stevens Taylor |
| | Erected during North Carolina’s Tercentenary to Mrs. Jessie Stevens Taylor, 1879–1961. She loved her God, Country and fellow man. She served here as a Voluntary Weather Observer and Storm Warning Display Woman from 1900 to 1961. — Map (db m4752) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Old Jail |
| | On February 27, 1904, ground was broken for the “new” jail. Contractor A.J. Robbins received the contract with a low bid of $6,738. Its construction is “a concrete foundation with brick walls, laid in 1:6 bond constructed with a six-course belt and little woodwork.” The bond refers to the pattern in which the brick was laid and is visible as you look at the building. Typical of the period, ceilings on both the first and second floors are concrete and molded in a barrel . . . — Map (db m6095) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Railroad & Religion on Rhett Street |
| | Between the Civil War and the construction of the Panama Canal in 1904, local residents and investors desperately sought to surpass Wilmington by building a rail link to the Appalachian coal fields. Smithville would become the first refueling stop between the canal and northern ports. In 1890, a huge coal dock was built at the foot of Rhett Street as a part of that dream. Anticipating becoming the main port, Smithville had its name changed to Southport, the “Port of the South.”
. . . — Map (db m6227) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Robert C. Ruark |
| | 1915–1965, columnist and author. “The Old Man and the Boy,” were youthful rememberances of his material grandfather, Captain Edward Atkins, in this house. — Map (db m4800) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — D-93 — Robert Ruark |
| | 1915–1965. Columnist and author. His 1957 novel The Old Man and the Boy based on childhood visits with grandparents 1 block W. — Map (db m4798) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Smithville Burying Ground |
| | “Nor even this hour shall want its charm / For side-by-side still fondly we’ll keep / And calmly in each others arms / Together linked go down the deep.” —From the marker for Emeline L. Taylor and Major George Taylor who were swept from the deck of the steamer San Francisco, on Christmas Eve, December 24, 1853.
This cemetery has served this community (first as Smithville and later as Southport) since the 18th century It is believed that burials took place here . . . — Map (db m6229) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Southport — Southport’s First Fire Alarm |
| | January 1916. Founded in 1893, the Southport Volunteer Fire Department was officially organized with the election of officers and adoption of a constitution and by laws on 21 January, 1916. Authorized purchase of the city’s first fire alarm bell was made at this organizational meeting. — Map (db m5996) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — D-54 — Brunswick |
| | Founded c. 1725, long a principal port of N.C., site of Spanish attack, 1748, and of Stamp Act resistance, 1766. Later abandoned. Was 2 mi. S.E. — Map (db m6451) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — Brunswick Town State Historic Site |
| | Brunswick Town State Historic Site was established on land donated to the State of North Carolina in December, 1952, by James Laurence Sprunt and his four sons, James Laurence Sprunt, Jr., Kenneth Murchison Sprunt, Samuel Nash Sprunt, and Laurence Gray Sprunt. The 114.5-acre tract, formerly part of Orton Plantation, constitutes the entire site except for 5.25 acres donated by the Episcopal Diocese of East Carolina which includes the ruins of Old St. Philips church.
In grateful recognition . . . — Map (db m5535) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — Colonel Maurice Moore |
| | A memorial to Colonel Maurice Moore, gentleman and soldier of the King, who in the year of our lord 1725 founded in a wilderness The Town of Brunswick reserving for the glory of God the tract of land on which was built this parish church of Saint Philip.
Also to the heroes and patriots of the Lower Cape Fear whose brave deeds illustrated its colonial history.
Brunswick was for a time the seat of Royal Government in the Province of North Carolina, and the residence of the . . . — Map (db m6510) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — Fort Anderson |
| | Large Confederate fort stands 2 mi. E. After a strong Union attack it was evacuated Feb. 18, 1865, resulting in the fall of Wilmington. — Map (db m6438) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — Fort Anderson |
| | Begun 1861. Named in honor of General Joseph R. Anderson, then commanding military district.
The Fort, under command of Brig. Gen. Johnson Hagood, suffered a severe bombardment by a Federal fleet and attack by Federal army under Maj. Gen. J. M. Schofield in February, 1865 and was evacuated. — Map (db m6494) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — Fort Anderson — One Shovelful at a Time — Confederate Lifeline |
| | In 1861–1862, Col. William Lamb and Maj. John Hedrick
constructed Fort Anderson, one of several Confederate
strongholds that protected Wilmington, a major blockade-running port. They enlarged Fort St. Philip (for St. Philip’s Anglican Church on your right), an earthen wall with gun emplacements that extended from the ruin to the Cape Fear River and renamed it Fort Anderson. Although Lamb had no engineering experience, he applied to the building of fortifications what engineers had . . . — Map (db m6515) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — D-73 — John LaPierre |
| | Ordained 1707; came to America 1708. Served in many churches in area as missionary of Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, 1732–1755. — Map (db m6483) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — D-53 — Orton Plantation |
| | House built c. 1725, subsequent additions. Home first of Roger Moore, later of Gov. Benjamin Smith, still later of James Sprunt. ¾ miles east. — Map (db m6448) HM |
| North Carolina (Brunswick County), Winnabow — D-55 — St. Philips Church |
| | Anglican, built under act of 1751. Graves of Governors Arthur Dobbs and Benjamin Smith and U.S. Justice Alfred Moore. Ruins 2 mi. S.E. — Map (db m6467) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — 1st U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery — "Ready to Take the Field" |
| | Gen. Davis Tillson raised 1,700-man 1st U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery in Tennessee and North Carolina in 1864. The unit encamped nearby while garrisoned in Asheville in 1865. Assigned to Tillson's 2nd brigade, the men participated in operations in Tennessee and Alabama and joined Gen. George Stoneman in Virginia and North Carolina in 1865. Stoneman reported that the unit had 1,100 men "ready to take the field."
On April 27, 1865, Tillson wrote, "The ... First U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery ... . . . — Map (db m55571) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Appalachian Stage |
| | Since 1902, when the first city auditorium
was built here, this area has been a center
for entertainment and the preservation of
Southern Appalachian culture. Acclaim has
gone to composer Boscom Lamar Lunsford
and playwright Hubert Hayes for celebrating
mountain music and dance and to the
Southern Highland Handicraft Guild for
promoting traditional crafts.
Placed in Honor of Mitzi Schaden Tessier, Local Historian — Map (db m36176) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Ashe Monument |
| | Dedicated to the memory of
Samuel Ashe
1725 - 1813
Distinguished North Carolinian
Governor, Statesman and Jurist
in whose honor
the City of Asheville was named
— Map (db m30120) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-61 — Asheville Normal School |
| | Presbyterian. Opened 1887 as Home Industrial School. Teacher's College 1892-1944. Stood nearby. — Map (db m56622) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-56 — Battle of Asheville |
| | On April 3, 1865, Union Col. Isaac M. Kirby left East Tenn. with 1100 men on a raid against Asheville. On April 6, Kirby's force was defeated by local militia under Col. G. W. Clayton. Earthworks remain 100 yds. N. — Map (db m55543) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 68 — Biltmore House |
| | Designed for George W. Vanderbilt by Richard M. Hunt. Constructed, 1890-1895. Opened to public, 1930. Three miles west. — Map (db m12704) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Birthplace of American Forestry |
| | George W. Vanderbilt, following the recommendation of landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, was the first American landowner to implement scientific forestry, the management and conservation of forest lands, on a large scale. He hired Gifford Pinchot, founder of The Society of American Foresters, to develop a management plan for the surrounding forest. Biltmore's forest management plan improved the health of the forest while protecting sustainable wood resources.
The Biltmore Forest . . . — Map (db m58507) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Buncombe County Court House — 1927 |
| |
1927
Buncombe
County Court House
Erected by the People of
Buncombe County
Board of County Commissioners
Hon.E.M.Lyda
Chairman
Hon.W.E.Johnson~Hon.W.E.McLean
Burgin Pernnell
County Attorney
L.E.Jarrett
County Draftsman
Milburn Heister & Co.
Architects
Angle-Blackford Co.
Contractors — Map (db m18694) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-77 — Buncombe Turnpike |
| | Opened up western N.C. Built, 1824-28; the 75-mi. long route from S.C. line to Tenn. line, used by settlers & livestock
drovers, passed nearby. — Map (db m55544) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Civic Pride |
| | Asheville's central square has long served the
needs of government and commerce. From
1892 to 1926 a massive city hall with a bell
tower dominated the east end. The building
housed police and fire departments in addition
to municipal offices. In stalls downstairs
African-American and white merchants
operated a public market. — Map (db m17062) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 57 — Confederate Armory |
| | Manufactured Enfield-type rifles. In 1863 Plant moved to Columbia.S.C. Building was located 1/4 mi.SE.Burned in 1865. — Map (db m30269) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Daniel K. Moore — 1906 - 1986 |
| | Governor, 1965~1969; N.C.
Supreme Court Justice,
1969~1978; Judge;Legislator
& Business Leader.
"Man of the Mountains."
Birthplace was nearby. — Map (db m56353) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-5 — David L. Swain |
| | Governor and political leader. President
of the University of North Carolina,
1835-1868. Was born three miles E. — Map (db m31260) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Elizabeth Blackwell, M.D. |
| | Dr. Blackwell was the first woman awarded a medical degree in the United States.
She began privately her medical studies in Asheville in 1845 under Dr. John Dickson, for whom she taught music at Dickson private school for girls. The school was located on the actual site of the Drhumor Building.
Elizabeth Blackwell was an 1849 graduate of Geneva Medical College in western New York. — Map (db m31663) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-30 — Forester A. Sondley — 1857 ~ 1931 |
| | Historian, lawyer, and
bibliophile. Gave to
Asheville the Sondley
Reference Library. His home is 2.7 mi. north. — Map (db m56288) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-33 — Francis Asbury |
| | Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
1784-1816, often visited and preached at the
home of Daniel Killian which was one mile east. — Map (db m31456) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Frederick Law Olmsted — Biltmore Estate Landscape Architect — 1822 - 1903 |
| | As work progressed on Biltmore Estate, his last and largest private project, Frederick Law Olmsted observed, "It is a great work of peace we are engaged in and one of these days we shall all be proud of our parts in it." It was Olmstead who suggested the country's first scientifically managed forest be established at Biltmore Estate. He is remembered with gratitude for his vision, his creative genius, and his reverence for the land.
Dedicated April 21, 1995
Commemorating Biltmore . . . — Map (db m58506) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Historic Hilltop — Asheville Urban Trail |
| | Colonel Frank Coxe opened the first Battery Park Hotel in 1886. The rambling structure on a hill top became internationally prominent, catering to famous guests. In the early 1920s Edwin W. Groves purchased the property. He built a brand new Battery Park Hotel after first leveling the hill, which stood as high as the present seventh floor.
Placed in memory of Maurice Packett, Hotel Owner, 1951 to 1971, and Paul Lewis Chumbley, Jr., Manager. — Map (db m30224) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Hotel District — (of Asheville, N.C.) |
| | An ornamental eagle perched high in front of
the Eagle Hotel one block south. Irish
immigrant James Patton opened the hostelry in
1814. Almost opposite the Eagle, the
Swannanoa Hotel began operation in 1878,
making South Main Street - now Biltmore
Avenue - a nineteenth-century social center. — Map (db m57588) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 32 — Jeter C. Pritchard |
| | United States Senator, 1895-1903.
Republican leader, newspaperman, federal judge. His home is 3/10 mile east; grave is 1.3 mi. west. — Map (db m12708) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-49 — Joseph Lane |
| | Territorial Governor of Oregon, 1848-50,
Vice-Presidential candidate, 1860, U.S.
Senator, major general in Mexican War.
Born 3 miles east — Map (db m31534) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-44 — Kiffin Y. Rockwell |
| | World War I soldier, aviator. First pilot
of Escadrille Lafayette to shoot down
enemy plane. Killed in action, Sept. 23, 1916.
Home 200 yds. W. — Map (db m31325) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Lee's School — 1846-1879 |
| | A school for boys,
conducted by Stephen Lee,
West Point graduate,
Confederate colonel,
stood 1/2 mile north.
P-29 North Carolina Office of Archives and History (Replacing 1951) 2007 — Map (db m57304) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 79 — Lillian Exum Clement Stafford — 1894 - 1925 |
| | First female legislator in the South. Elected to N.C. House, 1920. Her law office was 400 yds west; home 1/2 mi. NE. — Map (db m12707) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-22 — Locke Craig — 1860 ~ 1924 |
| | Governor, 1913-1917. He
created the state highway
& fisheries commissions,
est. Mt. Mitchell State
Park. Lived 1/2 mi. W. — Map (db m57111) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 18 — Newton Academy |
| | Established before 1793 as Union Hill Academy. Named for George Newton. Later site of a public school. Building stood 200 feet east. — Map (db m2277) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-78 — Olive Tilford Dargan — 1869-1968 |
| | Writer of fiction and
poetry. "Fielding Burke,"
her pen name. Author of
Call Home the Heart and
Highland Annals. Home,
1925-68, was 1/4 mile N. — Map (db m57222) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Robert E. Lee — Dixie Highway |
| | Erected and Dedicated by the
United Daughters of the Confederacy
and Friends
In loving memory of
Robert E. Lee
and to mark the route of the
Dixie Highway
“The shaft memorial and highway straight
attest his worth — he cometh to his own.”
— Littlefield —
Erected 1926 by United Daughters of the Confederacy and Friends. — Map (db m31578) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 37 — Rutherford Trace |
| | The expedition led by Gen. Griffith Rutherford against the Cherokee, September, 1776, passed nearby on the banks of the Swannanoa River. — Map (db m2279) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 38 — Rutherford Trace |
| | The expedition led by
Gen. Griffith Rutherford
against the Cherokee,
September 1776, passed
nearby. — Map (db m17056) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — St. Genevieve ~ Of ~ The ~ Pines |
| | The Religious of Christian Education, an
order of nuns originally from France,
established Hillside Convent School on
January 6, 1908. In 1910, the school was
moved to this site and renamed St.
Genevieve~of~the~Pines. For eight decades,
the school educated young women and
men from Asheville, the region, and the
world and had an enormous impact on
the lives of those who attended and the
Asheville community. — Map (db m57479) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 9 — Stoneman's Raid |
| | On a raid through western North Carolina Gen. Stoneman's U.S. Cavalry occupied Asheville on April 26, 1865. — Map (db m12768) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-53 — Sulphur Springs |
| | Health & social resort during the nineteenth century; patronized by low-country planters. Springs are 600 yds. S. — Map (db m17093) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — The County of Buncombe |
| | Near and West of this spot at Gum Spring The County of Buncombe
was organized on April 16, 1792
under act of the
General Assembly of North Carolina
Erected by The National Society of the Colonial Dames Of America
In the State of North Carolina
1922 — Map (db m12831) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-56 — The University of North Carolina at Asheville |
| | Established 1927; became Asheville-Biltmore College 1936. Moved here in 1961. A campus of The University of North Carolina, 1969. — Map (db m55545) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P 17 — Thomas Wolfe |
| | Author of "Look Homeward Angel" (1929)."Of Time and the River", and other works. Home stands 200 yards N., birthplace 500 yds. N.E. — Map (db m12706) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Thomas Wolfe House / Dixieland — Old Kentucky Home |
| | Dixieland
Asheville native Thomas Wolfe achieved international fame with the publication of his first full-length novel, Look Homeward, Angel, in 1929. Many of the incidents in the book took place in his mother's boardinghouse, "Old Kentucky Home," which he called "Dixieland." A large man, both in stature and in accomplishment, Wolfe left big shoes to fill.
Placed by the Four Seasons Garden Club
Another marker, immediately in front of the house, reads]:
Thomas . . . — Map (db m12757) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — To Honor the Revolutionary Soldiers — Buried in Buncombe County, N.C. |
| | James Alexander •
Zebulon Baird •
Willian Brittain •
Adam Cooper •
Samuel Davidson •
Willian Davidson •
Lot Harper •
Joseph Harrison •
William Moore •
John Patton •
Daniel Smith •
Valentine Thrash •
David Vance •
Robert Williamson •
And Others — Map (db m37193) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Trinity Episcopal Church — Built 1911 - 1913 |
| | Designed by Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue
of
Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson, New York
Has been placed on the
National Register
Of Historic Places
By the United States
Department of the Interior — Map (db m32324) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — War with Spain |
| | This marker is erected
in loving memory of the
men of Buncombe County
who volunteered and served
in the War with Spain,
the insurrection in the
Philippines and the
China Relief Expedition,
1898 - 1902 — Map (db m37194) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Wartime Jail — Asheville's Prisons |
| | During the war, many large buildings such as schools, warehouses, and churches became temporary prisons in Southern cities. After Asheville's jail on Pack Square overflowed with Confederate draft evaders, deserters, Union prisoners of war, and runaway slaves, the adjacent school, formerly the Asheville Military Academy, became a prison.
Lt. Alonzo cooper, 12th New York Cavalry, was confined here in 1864 with 56 Confederate deserters and a slave. "The room was so full," he wrote, "that it was . . . — Map (db m59170) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Western North Carolina Veterans Memorial |
| | [inscriptions, west center interior] "It is the Veteran:"
It is the Veteran who has given us and defended Freedom of Religion.
It is the Veteran who has given us and defended Freedom of Press.
It is the Veteran who has given us and defended Freedom of Speech.
It is the Veteran who has given us and defended Freedom of Assembly.
It is the Veteran who has given us and defended the Right to Vote.
It is the Veteran who salutes the Flag.
It is the Veteran who serves the . . . — Map (db m30268) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-88 — Young Men’s Institute |
| | Est. 1892 as a center for social, moral, religious influence for blacks working at Biltmore. Businesses thrived in building 100 yards, S. — Map (db m30151) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — Zebulon Baird Vance |
| | In Honor of
Zebulon Baird Vance
Confederate Soldier, War Governor
U.S. Senator, Orator, Statesman.
May 13, 1830 [Wreath and Flag Emblem] April 14, 1894
This tablet is placed by Asheville Chapter U.D.C.
1938 — Map (db m32044) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Asheville — P-89 — Zelda Fitzgerald — 1900-1948 |
| | Writer, artist, Jazz Age icon; wife of F. Scott Fitzgerald. On Mar. 10, 1948, died in Highland Hospital fire, ¼ mi. S. — Map (db m55546) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Bent Creek — P- 35 — Dr. L.B. McBrayer |
| | Leader in fight against tuberculosis in North Carolina, Superintendent of State Sanatorium
in Hoke County, 1914-24. His birthplace is 400 ft. W. — Map (db m56701) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Bent Creek — French Broad River |
| | The French Broad River played a major role in this region’s early development. Initially called the “Broad River” by eighteenth-century French hunters and traders, it was later named the French Broad River. With headwaters on Pisgah Ridge twenty miles southeast of here, it flows through the mountains near Asheville and merges with the Holston River at Knoxville. The French Broad’s wide banks provided a convenient passageway through Western North Carolina’s rugged mountains, so . . . — Map (db m58937) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Black Mountain — P-21 — André Michaux |
| | French botanist, pioneer in studying flora of western North Carolina, visited Black Mountains, August, 1794. — Map (db m56096) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Black Mountain — P-64 — Black Mountain College |
| | Est. in 1933; closed 1956. Experimental school with emphasis on fine arts & progressive education. Campus was 3 mi. NW. — Map (db m56119) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Black Mountain — P-72 — Mount Mitchell Railroad |
| | Opened Black Mountains to logging and tourism. Built, 1911-1914. Ran from point nearby to Camp Alice, 21 mi. NE. — Map (db m56700) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Enka Village — Home Place of Capt. Wm. Moore |
| | Here on land granted him in 1787.
He erected the first house of white
settlers west of the Blue Ridge.
Capt. Moore and his troops camped near
here when on the Rutherford Expedition
against the Cherokee in 1776.
Erected by Unaka Chapter
Daughters of American Colonists. — Map (db m56431) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Enka Village — P-54 — William Moore |
| | Captain of militia force
which marched against
the Cherokee in Nov.,
1776. A fort which he
built stood near here.
His home was 200 yds. E. — Map (db m57152) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Fairview — P-60 — Sherrill's Inn |
| | Established in 1834 to
serve travelers crossing
Hickory Nut Gap. In
continuous service until
1909. House stands 300
yards south. — Map (db m57303) HM |
| North Carolina (Buncombe County), Hominy — P-39 — Rutherford Trace |
| | The expedition led by Gen. Griffith Rutherford against the Cherokee, Sept., 1776, camped near-by along Hominy Creek. — Map (db m17094) HM |
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