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Mississippi (Adams County), Natchez — Fort Rosalie
		On bluff to south stood Ft. Rosalie, established by the French in 1716. Became nucleus of settlements from which the Mississippi Territory was founded. Near this marker stood the French warehouse that was a center of bloodshed during the Natchez Massacre of 1729. Dedicated December 11, 1988 by the Mississippi State Society Daughters of the American Revolution Mrs. D. Kelly Love, State Regent — Map (db m5143)
Virginia, Alexandria — Braddock Cannon
		(North Side): This monument marks the trail taken by the army of General Braddock which left Alexandria on April 20, 1755 to defend the western frontier against the French and Indians. Erected by the Society of Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia, May 26, 1915 (South Side): The Cannon used here was abandoned by General Braddock at Old Alexandria April 1755. The Cobble-Stones composing this mound were taken from the streets of Old Alexandria which were . . . — Map (db m7567)
Virginia, Alexandria — T-45 — Episcopal High School
		Episcopal High School, on the hill to the southwest, was founded in 1839 as a boys' preparatory school, one of the first in the South; girls were admitted in 1991. The school was a pioneer in the establishment of student honor codes in preparatory education. In 1861 Union troops occupied the school and used it as a military hospital; the poet Walt Whitman served as a nurse there. Episcopal High School reopened in 1866. The central administration building, now called Hoxton House, was built . . . — Map (db m7559)
Virginia, Alexandria — Original Federal Boundary Stone SW 3
		Original Federal Boundary Stone Southwest 3 District of Columbia Placed 1791-1792 This plaque placed here on the 200th anniversary of the founding of the City of Washington D.C. Placed here and protected by Colonel John Washington Chapter NSDAR Washington D.C. — Map (db m7638)
Virginia, Alexandria — T-44 — Virginia Theological Seminary — Founded 1823
		Half mile to the southwest. The idea for such an institution was conceived by a group of Alexandria and Washington clergymen in 1818. Among those interested was Francis Scott Key, author of the Star Spangled Banner. Originally at corner of Washington and King Streets in Alexandria, moved to present location in 1827. Closed in 1861 when occupied as a hospital for Union troops. Reopened in 1865. — Map (db m7561)
Virginia, Danville — D-1 — Andrew Jackson Montague
		This house was built in 1891 as the home of Andrew Jackson "Jack" Montague, 1862-1937, Governor of Virginia, 1902-1906. During his residence in Danville, Mr. Montague established himself as a lawyer, U.S. District Attorney, orator, and political campaigner, whose talents led to his election in 1897 as Virginia’s Attorney General and then as governor. — Map (db m14474)
Virginia, Fairfax — Draper House — 1821
		Built by Dr. Simeon and Catherine (Wilkinson) Draper on a lot leased from town founder Richard Ratcliffe, this is the second oldest home still standing in the Old Town Fairfax Historic District. Catherine's sister was Matilda Wilkinson, the daughter-in-law of Richard Ratcliffe. Later, it became the family home of the Drapers' daughter Maria Louisa and husband William Chapman. Chapman was the village tailor and later postmaster. — Map (db m8226)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — E-49A — “Fall Hill”
		On the heights one mile to the west, the home of the Thorntons from about 1736. Francis Thornton 2nd was a Justice, a Burgess 1744-45, and Lieut.-Colonel of his Majesty's militia for Spotsylvania County. He and two of his brothers married three Gregory sisters, first cousins of George Washington. "Fall Hill" is still (1950) owned and occupied by direct Thornton descendants. — Map (db m4749)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — E-49B — “Fall Hill”
		On the heights one mile to the west, the home of the Thorntons from about 1736. Francis Thornton 2nd was a Justice, a Burgess 1744-45, and Lieut.-Colonel of his Majesty's militia for Spotsylvania County. He and two of his brothers married three Gregory sisters, first cousins of George Washington. "Fall Hill" is still (1950) owned and occupied by direct Thornton descendants. — Map (db m5094)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — 7th Michigan Volunteer Infantry
		“Dark rolled the Rappahannock’s flood, Michigan, my Michigan; The tide was crimsoned with thy blood, Michigan, my Michigan; Although for us the day was lost, Yet it shall be our proudest boast, At Fredericksburg our Seventh crossed, Michigan, my Michigan.” In December 1862, Union Gen. Ambrose Burnside ordered pontoon bridges to be thrown across the Rappahannock River. Col. Norman J. Hall, asked for . . . — Map (db m5374)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — A Navigation Canal Becomes a Raceway
		The Rappahannock Navigation system provided a means to transport bulk cargo between Fredericksburg and upriver farms and mines. In 1829, with financial assistance from Virginia’s Board for Public Works, the Rappahannock Company began construction of a series of canals and related dams. The canal section in front of you was three and one half miles long and routed boats around the river’s falls. By 1849, a 50-mile navigation system had been extended upstream. Insufficient revenues, however, . . . — Map (db m7179)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — A Vast Hospital
		Wounded Union Soldiers in a Fredericksburg yard, May 1864. All but one of these men have been wounded in the leg. Most of the wounded soldiers brought to Fredericksburg survived… …But some did not. Hundreds of men died in the hospitals here during May and June 1864. Private Kronenberger’s headboard may be among the long row of graves visible behind this burial party. “…I am lying in this place with a wound in my right leg, below the knee. I am in good spirits and the Drs. . . . — Map (db m2575)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Artillery on Lee's Hill
		(Left marker): Here and on hills to the left and right the Confederates developed a powerful concentration of artillery. Enfilading Fire During the Federal attacks of December 13, 1862, Confederates cannon poured devasting frontal and crossfire into the advancing battle lines. Long range rifles here on Lee’s Hill participated in the enfilade fire. The Napoleon The bronze 12-pounder smoothbores called "Napoleons" were less accurate than rifled cannon, but remained . . . — Map (db m4178)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Battle of Fredericksburg
		December 13, 1862 the Confederates under Lee defeated the Federals under Burnside in a sanguinary conflict marked by extraordinary bravery on both sides. In a series of gallant charges the Federal army sustained heavy losses and Burnside was forced to recross the Rappahannock. — Map (db m4762)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Civil War Defenses — December 1862
		In December of 1862, with a Federal attack imminent, General Robert E. Lee deployed his Confederate Army of Northern Virginia along a series of hills around the town of Fredericksburg. Brigadier General Cadmus M. Wilcox and his Alabama brigade took position around the house known as Fall Hill. Union artillery bombarded the town on December 11th and the soldiers watched residents flee west along this roadway. The Confederate defenses consisted of infantry trenches on the lower slopes and . . . — Map (db m7147)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Col. George Eskridge Memorial Tree — April 29, 1937
		May this Oak Tree from "Sandy Point" Westmoreland Co. Virginia, home of Col. George Eskridge, who was guardian for Mary Ball, shelter her last resting place, as she in her early childhood was sheltered and protected by her beloved guardian. As descendants of our illustrious ancestor, we dedicate this tree to the memory of our countries noblest mother and her guardian, Col. George Eskridge. Mrs. Elise Towson Coele, Sponsor — Map (db m9197)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Confederate Artillery Defense
		About noon December 13, 1862 Army of Northern Virginia General Robert E. Lee, Commander Brigadier General W. N. Pendleton Chief of Artillery 304 guns on the battlefield Army of the Potomac Major General A. E. Burnside, Commander Brigadier General H. J. Hunt, Chief of Artillery 381 guns on the battlefield Smooth bore cannon had an extreme range of about one mile; rifled cannon up to three miles. Since long range fire was not very effective, . . . — Map (db m4135)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Embrey Dam
		In 1909-10, the Fredericksburg Water Power Company constructed the Embrey Dam and its power plant on Caroline Street, for the express purpose of generating electric power. The increasing number of uses for this emerging technology encouraged such an ambitious investment, which had profound impact on the region. Electrification allowed mills and other industries to be built near roads and railways, rather than within flood hazard areas. Frank J. Gould acquired the local utility and . . . — Map (db m7663)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Encounter at the Fall Line — John Smith's meeting with the Mannahoacks
		In August of 1608, Captain John Smith and his crew explored the lower Rappahannock from the Chesapeake Bay to a point just upstream from this location. Soon after landing, the group was attacked by Mannahoack Indians, a Siouan people who were gathered at a large fishing camp along the River. The English opened fire and all of the Indians fled except for one bowman, named Amoroleck, who was wounded. Mosco, an Indian interpreter hired for the trip, gathered information from Amoroleck which Smith . . . — Map (db m7660)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Fredericksburg Campaign
		December 13, 1862. The blue columns of the Army of the Potomac deployed here in the Canal Ditch valley, along the route of present Kenmore Avenue. Then with drums beating and flags flying, the long battle lines advanced towards Marye’s Heights and were mowed down by Confederate artillery and musketry fire. — Map (db m2515)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Fredericksburg Campaign
		December 13, 1862. Watching the battle from the crest of this hill, Confederate commander R. E. Lee remarked: “It is well that war is so terrible – we should grow too fond of it!” In no battle were the Confederates more fortunately located. Starting at a bluff above the river dam, two miles north, Longstreet’s Corps occupied a ridge made impregnable in front by a deep canal and swamps. Then came Marye’s Heights, almost as strong. Next, here at Lee’s Hill, began a curving line . . . — Map (db m4159)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Fredericksburg Campaign
		With Richmond as his objective, Gen. Ambrose Burnside started the Federal Army of the Potomac from Warrenton on November 15, 1862. Forcing a crossing of the Rappahannock on December 11, he occupied Fredericksburg and the plain south of town along the river. Across that plain, on the morning of December 13, the Federals attacked Gen. “Stonewall” Jackson’s front in an unsuccessful attempt to break the Confederate right flank. Then, about noon, other Federal columns formed at the . . . — Map (db m4191)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Fredericksburg Campaign
		December 11, 1862. The peacetime bridges having been destroyed, engineers of Burnside’s Federal Army began laying pontoons across the Rappahannock. Here, overlooking the upper pontoon site, Confederates of Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade, sheltered in houses and cellars along this street, stopped the work. Bombardment by Federal cannon failed to dislodge the sharpshooters. Finally, the 7th Michigan Regiment, followed by the 19th Massachusetts, crossed the river in boats to establish a . . . — Map (db m5377)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Fredericksburg Roll of Honor
		Fredericksburg Roll of Honor 1917 World War 1918 A grateful tribute to all who returned Co. K. 2nd Inf. VA. N. G. 116th Inf 29th Div. 3rd VA Coast Artillery 80th Division Army, Navy, Marine Corps A tearful triumph to those who sleep Urban F. Bass Guy R. Hall John C. Bleight James L. Hawkins Harry L. Bowen Robert L. Jenkins Eugene W. Brittenham Bailey B. Johnson Charles H. Bundy Douglas H. Knox William Lloyd Cox H. Byrd Middleton Mercer . . . — Map (db m2516)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — 20 — Fredericksburg United Methodist Church
		This church sanctuary was built in 1882, the fifth building to be used by the congregation, and the second on this site. Additions were constructed in 1912, 1924, 1951, and 1989. The reverend John Kobler, an early leader who raised funds for the church and bequeathed his home to serve as the parsonage, died in 1843 and is buried, with his wife, under the church. The congregation was officially constituted in 1802 when the first minister, the Reverend John Pitts, was appointed. Methodist . . . — Map (db m2566)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — From a Burying Ground to a Park
		“On motion made and seconded, resolved unanimously that the new burying ground be enclosed with brick….” Council Minutes of July 6th, 1824 Robert Lewis, Mayor (Buried in the Masonic Lodge Cemetery) In 1774, St. George’s Parish purchased the land that comprises Hurkamp Park today. It was to be a church cemetery, but in 1787, after the Revolution and disestablishment of the Anglican Church in America, the Corporation of Fredericksburg appropriated this land for . . . — Map (db m2700)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — From a Burying Ground to a Park
		In 1774, St. George’s Parish purchased the land around you for a cemetery. Following the American Revolution and disestablishment of the Anglican Church in Virginia, the Fredericksburg government appropriated this land for a public burying ground. The western lot line of the cemetery, marked by a brick wall, is visible to your right. In 1875, the town council decided to convert the increasingly neglected grounds into a park and directed the removal of headstones and graves to other . . . — Map (db m11430)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Here Fredericksburg Began
		the Lease Land John Buckner and Thomas Royston First Settlers May 2nd 1671 A.P.V.A — Map (db m5223)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Irish Brigade
		2nd Brigade, 1st Div., II Corps Army of the Potomac While posted here in the early morning of Dec. 13, 1862, the men of the Irish Brigade placed sprigs of boxwood in their caps in honor of their Irish heritage. Later in the day, they took part in the futile assaults against confederate positions on Marye's Heights. After the battle, the Union dead closest to the Confederate positions wore sprigs of boxwood in their caps. Killed Wounded Missing 69th NY . . . — Map (db m5097)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Lee’s Hill
		Battle of Fredericksburg Dec. 12-13, 1862 — Map (db m4161)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Lee's Hill, the commander's lookout
		General Robert E. Lee used this hill as a command post during the Battle of Fredericksburg. It has borne his name ever since. Lee’s View from Here Civilians viewing this scene might have focused their attention on the picturesque steeples which mark the skyline today, just as they did in 1862. Lee’s attention, however, was quickly taken up by the blue lines which made heavy attacks on both of his fronts. Chatham (Lacy House) This vantage point offered a fine view of the . . . — Map (db m4162)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Meditation Rock
		Here Mary Ball Washington prayed for the safet of her son and country during the dark days of the Revolution. This tablet was presented by The National Mary Washington Memorial Association (Chartered February 22, 1890 - February 22, 1962) by whose devoted efforts this monument was erected and this site maintained. — Map (db m9194)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Pontoon Bridge Site
		Federals crossed here on Pontoon Bridge, Dec 12-13, 1862 — Map (db m5378)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — The “Demon of Destruction”
		Had the demon of destruction held an orgie in the town, had all the imps of hell been called together and turned loose upon the city, it could scarcely have been more blasted, ruined and desecrated than when left by the Yankee army.” —A correspondent of the Charleston Courier, December 16, 1862 It started with shelling from 140 Union guns on the morning of December 11, 1862—two days before the Battle of Fredericksburg. Whizzing shell fragments, tumbling . . . — Map (db m2576)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — The Courthouse
		With the arrival of the Union army in the Spring of 1862, Fredericksburg-area slaves by the hundreds fled to freedom. To house the refugees, the Union army transformed the basement of the city courthouse (in front of you) into a temporary barracks. A Union officer remembered that the former slaves “seemed as happy as though they owned the town.” After the war, the “Freedman’s Court” held session every Friday afternoon in the city courthouse, adjudicating civil cases . . . — Map (db m2567)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — The Pioneers
		“My army is as much stronger for these new entrenchments as if I had received reinforcements of 20,000 men.” - R.E. Lee, Decenber 14, 1862 Preparing Breastworks In December, 1862, the Confederates had no organized engineer corps. For construction of defenseive works they relied on pioneers, special detachments from each regiment. At Fredericksburg, the pioneers formed the core of Confederate work parties, but everyone pitched in to entrench the 7-mile . . . — Map (db m4180)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — The Second Battle of Fredericksburg — Chancellorsville Campaign May 3, 1863
		General Lee conferred with some of his officers here at the start of the Chancellorsville Campaign. A few days later, Union soldiers overran Lee’s Hill. Report on the action at Lee’s Hill by Colonel Henry Coalter Cabell commanding artillery battalion, C.S.A. “…About 11 o'clock that day – Sunday – the enemy attacked and very speedily took and occupied Mayre's Hill. As soon as they appeared on Mayre's Hill, a large force of infantry advanced rapidly from the crest of . . . — Map (db m4182)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — N-31~a — The Sentry Box
		The Sentry Box (ca. 1786) is an elegant specimen of late~Georgian~style architecture. Brig. Gen. George Weedon of the Continental Army, later mayor of Fredericksburg, built the house and named it to reflect his military career. Weedon's wife, Catherine, invited the family of Gen. Hugh Mercer, who died at the Battle of Princeton, to live with them. The Mercer children later inherited the property and Confederate General Hugh Weedon Mercer was born here. In December 1862, the Union army built its . . . — Map (db m5095)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — Veterans of Foreign Wars Eternal Flame
		This monument stands forever a memorial and symbol of undying love and devotion in memory of the men from this city and surrounding areas who fought for liberty and freedom from oppression in the wars of this, their Country, and whose supreme sacrifice has enshrined their names in the hearts and minds of all Americans. ”Beyond the ken of mortal men a new and glorious life begun, those gallant souls await the day the great Commander speaks to say well done, thou brave and . . . — Map (db m4618)
Virginia, Fredericksburg — War Comes to Fredericksburg
		“The General punishes most severely any [soldier] caught in the most trivial act. He says [we must] show the Southern People we will act with true Yankee Hospitality even to the worst treasonable communities.” —Charles Scriber, 24th New York May 23, 1862 War first came to Fredericksburg in the spring of 1862 when more than 30,000 Union troops under General Irvin McDowell occupied the area. Though most of the Union camps lined the . . . — Map (db m2584)
Virginia, Richmond — SA-47 — Anna Maria Lane — Soldier of the American Revolution
		Near the Bell Tower in Capitol Square stood the barracks of the Public Guard. There, from 1801 to 1807, lived John Lane and his wife, Anna Maria Lane, the only documented woman veteran of the Revolutionary War to reside in Virginia. She disguised herself and enlisted with her husband in the Connecticut Continental Line. "In the garb, and with the courage of a soldier, (she) performed extraordinary military services," and was wounded at Germantown, Pa., in 1777. She followed Lane through his . . . — Map (db m4624)
Virginia, Richmond — Confederate Memorial Pyramid
		[South side]: Numini et Patri ae Asto [West side]: Erected by the Holly-Wood Memorial Association A.D. 1869 [North side]: Memoria in Aeterna [East side]: To the Confederate Dead — Map (db m13973)
Virginia, Richmond — Edgar Allen Poe
		Presented to the people of Virginia by George Edward Barksdale, M.D. and gratefully accepted by the Commonwealth of Virginia as a tribute of admiration for Poe's scholarly genius as an eminent and vigorous writer and poet. — Map (db m4637)
Virginia, Richmond — George Washington Monument
		Washington (Marker conveys the impact of Virginians on our Country's history through its prominent and allegorical figures. See the "More about this marker" section and the links for more information). — Map (db m4715)
Virginia, Richmond — Harry Flood Byrd
		State Senator 1916-26 Governor of Virginia 1926-30 United States Senator 1933-65 The General Assembly of Virginia on March 9, 1974, authorized this memorial to Harry Flood Byrd, of Winchester, Virginia, declaring that "The sum total of this one life has had a larger and more lasting effect upon the history and destiny of Virginia and her people than any other in the twentieth century; established personal integrity and fiscal responsibility as first principles of public life and . . . — Map (db m4711)
Virginia, Richmond — Hunter Holmes McGuire, M.D.
		(Front): To Hunter Holmes McGuire, M.D., LL.D., President of the American Medical and of the American Surgical Associations; Founder of the University College of Medicine; Medical Director, Jackson's Corps, Army of Northern Virginia; an eminent civil and military surgeon, and beloved physician; an able teacher and vigourous writer, a useful citizen and broad humanitarian, gifted in minde and generouse in heart, this monument is erected by his friends. . . . — Map (db m4735)
Virginia, Richmond — Inauguration of Davis
		On a platform erected on this spot Jefferson Davis was inaugurated as the regularly elected President of the Confederate States of America, February 22, 1862. — Map (db m4742)
Virginia, Richmond — SA-61 — John Miller House
		John Miller, a free black cooper and minister, built this house about 1858. It is significant as a rare surviving antebellum house in Richmond constructed by and for a free African American family. More than two thousand free blacks lived in Richmond at the time of the Civil War; at least two hundred of them were homeowners. Miller was an influential member of the small free black community that existed in present-day Oregon Hill. Originally erected at 614 S. Laurel Street, the dwelling moved . . . — Map (db m4498)
Virginia, Richmond — John Tyler
		State Legislator, U.S. Congressman Governor of Virginia, U.S. Senator, Vice President of U.S., Peace Commissioner, Confederate Congressman and tenth President of the United States This marker was placed in 1949 by the Head Camp Jurisdiction of Virginia Woodmen of the World — Map (db m4713)
Virginia, Richmond — Maj. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart
		[Monument's east side]: Commanding Cavalry Corps Army Northern Virginia Confederate States of America *** This statue erected by his comrades and the City of Richmond A.D. 1906 [Monument's south side]: “Tell Gen. Stuart to act on his own judgement and do what he thinks best, I have implicit confidence in him” Gen. T. J. ‘Stonewall’ Jackson in turning over the command of his troops to Gen. Stuart after being wounded at Chancellorsville, May 3, . . . — Map (db m9150)
Virginia, Richmond — Oak Tree Planted in Honor of — Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
		Minister of the Gospel, Author, Nobel Laureate, Civil Rights Leader, and Drum Major for Justice. Dedicated by Mrs. Coretta Scott King, Gov. James S. Gilmore, III, and the Citizens of Virginia on November 14, 2001 — Map (db m4652)
Virginia, Richmond — President Lincoln Visits Richmond
		The Civil War framed the presidency of Abraham Lincoln. Within weeks of his election in 1860 as the sixteenth American president, South Carolina seceded from the Union. The primary Confederate army surrendered on April 9, 1865, only days before Lincoln’s assassination. Lincoln lived long enough to articulate his postwar vision. In his concise and powerful second inaugural address on March 4, 1865, the president delivered this now-famous passage; “With malice toward none; with charity . . . — Map (db m4804)
Virginia, Richmond — Richmond Howitzers Monument
		To commemorate the deeds and services of The Richmond Howitzers of the period 1861-1865 [On south side of granite base, on the bronze emblem of the Richmond Howitzers]: Cita Mors Aut Victoria Laeta 1859 [On north side of granite base, on bronze emblem of the Confederacy]: From Bethel to Appomattox — Map (db m13971)
Virginia, Richmond — Robert E. Lee Bridge
		Erected 1933 – 1934 by Richmond Bridge Corporation John J. Wicker, Jr., President R. Keith Compton, V. Pres Allen J. Saville, V. Pres. Horace L. Smith, Jr., V. Pres. Wilmer L. O’Flaherty, Sec-Treas. —— In conjunction with City of Richmond J. Fulmer Bright, Mayor R. Keith Compton, Director of Public Works W. C. Carpenter, Chairman of Finance Committee W. E. Sullivan, Chairman of Streets Committee —— . . . — Map (db m4736)
Virginia, Richmond — The Bell Tower
		This tower was built in 1824, on the site of a frame building. It long served as a guard house for the State Guard. The bell was a fire alarm and was also rung in emergencies. In 1861-1865 it was used to call out local defenders, notably on April 21, 1861 (Pawnee Sunday) and on February 7, 1864. Tower restored by the Commonwealth of Virginia. Bell donated by the Commonwealth Chapter, N.S.D.A.R. — Map (db m4632)
Virginia, Richmond — The Executive Mansion of Virginia
		On this site lived three Presidents of the United States, Monroe and Tyler as Governors and William Henry Harrison while his father, Benjamin Harrison, signer of the Declaration of Independence, was Governor. The first house on this site was also home to Governors Patrick Henry and Henry Lee, father of Robert E. Lee. The present house, first occupied by Governor James Barbour in 1813, was designed by Alexander Parris and built by Christopher Tomkins. As the home of Virginia’s Chief . . . — Map (db m5216)
Virginia, Richmond — Thomas J. Jackson, General CSA
		Presented by English Gentlemen as a tribute of admiration for The Soldier and Patriot Thomas J. Jackson and gratefully accepted by Virginia in the name of the Southern People. Done A.D. 1875. In the hundredth year of the Commonwealth. "Look, there is Jackson standing like a stonewall." — Map (db m4734)
Virginia, Richmond — Virginia War Memorial
		This memorial erected by the Commonwealth of Virginia commemorates the service and sacrifice of all Virginians during World War II··1941-45 and Korea···1950-53 Vietnam·····1955-75 Persian Gulf·1991 Above this, in text too wide to capture in a single photo, an inscription reads,: In this Shrine of Memory are inscribed the names of Virginians who gave their lives in World War II and in Korea that liberty might live and here are preserved mementoes of . . . — Map (db m5073)
Virginia, Richmond — William Smith
		(On front of granite base): William Smith. Virginia. Born Sep 6th 1797. Died May 18th 1887. 1836-40. 1841-42. Member of Virginia Senate. 1846-49. Governor of Virginia. 1841-43. 1853-61. Member of United States Congress. 1861-62. Member of Confederate States Congress. 1861-62. Colonel 49th Virginia Volunteers. 1862-63. Brig. General Confederate States Army. 1863-64. Major General Confederate States Army. 1864-65. Governor of Virginia. (On . . . — Map (db m4712)
Virginia, Richmond — Zero Milestone
		(South Face): Zero Milestone Virginia Highways (East Face): Point for the measurement of distances from Richmond on Highways of Virginia (North Face): North Latitude 37° 32' 23" West Longitude 77° 26' 04" Elevation 166.45 feet above sea level (West Face): Erected A.D. 1929 The gift of Jonathan Bryan — Map (db m4651)
Virginia, Roanoke — K-116 — A Colonial Ford
		The Great Wagon Road from Philadelphia to the backcountry of the Carolinas crossed the Roanoke River here at Tosh's Ford, named for Thomas Tosh, in the eighteenth century. Nearby stood Daniel Evans's mill, another landmark on the road. A group of Moravians, among the many thousands of settlers who passed this way, crossed the ford at dawn on 2 Nov. 1783 en route from Bethlehem, Pa., to Bethabara, N.C. One wrote in his diary of the ford's "slippery stones" and reported that "a quarter of a mile . . . — Map (db m14799)
Virginia, Roanoke — K-117 — Buzzard Rock Native American Settlement
		The archaeological sites on the extensive floodplain nearby represent at least ten thousand years of periodic use by Native Americans. The artifacts and evidence from one site suggests that separate villages were occupied there some six hundred to one thousand years ago. The site is believed to have been inhabited by ancestors of a Siouan-speaking community, such as the Totero Indians, who were allied with the Monacan Indians and other communities of central and western Virginia. — Map (db m14798)
Virginia, Roanoke — Colonial National Bank Building
		This property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places and registered as a Virginia Historic Landmark 1927 — Map (db m14965)
Virginia, Roanoke — First Train to Big Lick
		Nearby, on Nov. 1, 1852, the first Virginia & Tennessee Railroad train arrived in Big Lick (now Roanoke), three years after the company had been incorporated. The track from Lynchburg, Virginia to Bristol, Tennessee, was completed in 1856. In 1870, the railroad combined with the Southside and the Norfolk & Petersburg railroads to form the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio Railroad, which became the Norfolk & Western Railroad in 1881. During the 1880s, Roanoke became a rail center. Numerous railroad . . . — Map (db m16970)
Virginia, Roanoke — Fishburne Park Flagpole
		Dedicated to all the Veterans of the Valley — Map (db m3986)
Virginia, Roanoke — K-98b — Hotel Roanoke
		The Hotel Roanoke was built in 1892 by the Norfolk and Western Railroad. Over the next century, despite fire and depression, it became the city's social center. The Tudor Revival building became a beloved landmark for thousands of visitors. Its original 34 rooms had grown to 384 rooms when, in 1989, the N&W donated it to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. After a major renovation and the addition of a conference center, it reopened in 1995. The Hotel Roanoke was listed on the . . . — Map (db m14960)
Virginia, Roanoke — Hotel Roanoke — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		Roanoke’s “Grand Old Lady” stands on the hill overlooking downtown Roanoke. Styled to appear like an old English inn, it was the grand hotel for Roanoke since it opened in 1882. The Hotel was located near the new Union Station and a treat for passengers just off the smoky, sooty trains. The Hotel quickly became known for its fine dining and amenities. The Hotel Roanoke was THE place Roanokers would eat for occasions, banquets, and wedding receptions. It was simply “the . . . — Map (db m16969)
Virginia, Roanoke — Lee Highway
		Erected in honor of Robert E. Lee by William Watts Chapter Roanoke, VA Southern Cross Chapter Salem, VA Roanoke Chapter Roanoke, VA The United Daughters of the Confederacy 1928 — Map (db m3761)
Virginia, Roanoke — McNeil Drive
		McNeil Drive is named in honor of Samuel P. McNeil, the leading sponsor and founder of WBRA and educational television of Roanoke and Southwest Virginia. Mr. McNeil served as Chairman of WBRA for 25 years from its beginning in 1966 until he retired in 1992. He was a co-founder of the local chapter of the Fellowship of Christian Athletes. He also served as Chairman of the Roanoke City School Board from 1970 to 1976. — Map (db m3755)
Virginia, Roanoke — K-99 — Mount Moriah Baptist Church
		The members of Mount Moriah Baptist Church belong to one of the region's earliest African American congregations, originating in a Sunday school for slaves established in the mid-1800s by Dr. Charles L. Cocke, founder of Hollins College. The group gained permission in 1858 to build its first church. The present church, the congregation's third, was built about 1908. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places and the Virginia Landmarks Register in 1994. The nearby cemetery was expanded from a former slave burial ground. — Map (db m17891)
Virginia, Roanoke — Norfolk and Western Passenger Station — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		Across the tracks and east is N&W’s last passenger station, now home to the Roanoke Valley Convention and Visitors Bureau and O. Winston Link Museum. The little town of Big Lick changed its name to Roanoke in 1881. In the summer of 1882, the N&W completed a Union Station located between the tracks of the Shenandoah Valley Railroad (to the north) and the N&W (to the south) located approximately in front of the Hotel Roanoke. The pressed brick station, two buildings under one roof, was . . . — Map (db m15467)
Virginia, Roanoke — Norfolk and Western Railway — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		Today’s Norfolk Southern has a colorful predecessor in both or Roanoke’s railroads. To keep this as simple as possible, we are discussing only the N&W history to its merger with the Southern Railway in 1982. Space prevents mentioning every merger or absorbed railroad here, but, the major lines that formed the main line of the N&W are covered here. N&W began with the 9-mile City Point Railroad built 1837-1838 from Petersburg to City Point, Virginia on the James River. IN 1854, City Point . . . — Map (db m15347)
Virginia, Roanoke — K-76 — Old Lutheran Church
		Tradition has it that the church near by was built where Moravian and Lutheran missionaries preached soon after the Revolution. Here, in 1796, Lutherans held services and, a little later, organized their first congregation in this section. In 1828, the Lutheran synod of North Carolina met here and consecrated the church. — Map (db m3763)
Virginia, Roanoke — Operation Fast Freight — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		High Speed Freight Locomotive: Class A While the title of one of Norfolk and Western’s company films (top) is appropriate for the mighty Class A 2-6-6-4, they also served in other capacities for the railroad. Designed as the first of the modern, powerful “Big Three” (Class A, J and Y6) beginning in 1936, the Class A was planned as a powerful freight hauler, with enough speed to handle heavy passenger trains as well. Prior to the arrival of the Class J passenger locomotives, . . . — Map (db m15343)
Virginia, Roanoke — Power Behind the Nation — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		Workhorse of the Norfolk and Western: Class Y6 While the sleek class J streamlined passenger locomotives and high stepping Class A locomotives garnered publicity for the N&W; the true workhorse of the Norfolk and Western was the Class Y 2-8-8-2s. Designed and built for one purpose, moving tonnage at reasonable speeds at a reasonable cost. Beginning in 1930, Roanoke Shops turned out the first home-built Class Y5. The design itself, was solid, with improvements leading to the Class . . . — Map (db m15346)
Virginia, Roanoke — K-95 — Roanoke
		[Marker Front]: The first village here, at Pate's Mill and Tavern on Evans' Mill Creek, was called Big Lick for nearby salt marshes. In 1839 it was laid off as the town of Gainesborough. After the coming of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad (later N.&W.) in 1852, another village sprang up about the old Stover House that was also named Big Lick. Gainesborough became known as Old Lick. [Marker Reverse]: In June, 1864, General Hunter passed here retreating from Lynchburg. . . . — Map (db m14968)
Virginia, Roanoke — Roanoke - A Railroad Town — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		In recent years, Roanoke has shed its image as a “railroad town” as others have surpassed the railroad as the major employer. However, without the N&W, Roanoke might not have existed. For those who wish to deny the impact of the railroad on Roanoke, one only needs to look about from where you stand. A turn to your right and you see part of the large Roanoke Shops complex, almost directly ahead, the N&W passenger station, now home to The Roanoke Valley Convention and Visitors . . . — Map (db m15342)
Virginia, Roanoke — K-96 — Roanoke City Market
		The Roanoke farmers' market is one of the oldest such markets in continuous use in Virginia. In 1882, licenses were issued to twenty-five hucksters. The City of Roanoke's first charter formally authorized a municipally owned market in 1884, and the first permanent market building was completed in 1886. This formed the core of a continuing curb market in and around the Market Square. The present market building was erected in 1922 to replace the original market structure. — Map (db m14962)
Virginia, Roanoke — Roanoke Shops — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		The three locomotive types referred to on the nearby panels are part of the larger picture; of course. The Classes J, A and Y locomotives were special. What made these locomotives so special compared to products of the commercial builders of steam, such as Lima Locomotive Works, Baldwin, American Locomotive Company and other smaller builders? Aside from their superior operating characteristics, they were designed and built by local residents, in Roanoke. Then, as today, . . . — Map (db m15348)
Virginia, Roanoke — The Finest Steam Passenger Locomotive — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		Passenger Locomotive: Class J The world-renowned Class J 4-8-4 passenger locomotives was completely designed and built in Roanoke. By the mid 1930s, Norfolk and Western was facing heavier passenger traffic due to increased military operations, heavier trains needed to cross the system at increasingly faster schedules. The Motive Power department designed a powerful locomotive specifically for their needs. For many roads, streamlining was the order of the day. The N&W opted for a refined . . . — Map (db m15345)
Virginia, Roanoke — The Market Square Walkway — The David R. and Susan S. Goode Railwalk
		Above you is the Market Square Walkway, built to connect the Hotel Roanoke with downtown Roanoke, crossing the railroad in safety and comfort. There are two observation platforms to watch rail traffic here. In addition, a number of informative signs share some of the area’s rail history with the viewer. Years ago, pedestrians walking between the Hotel area to downtown Roanoke crossed at Jefferson Street, dodging weather and both rail and automotive traffic or through a pedestrian tunnel . . . — Map (db m15468)
Virginia, Roanoke — Virginia Western Community College Memorial
		This memorial is dedicated to the administrators, faculty and staff whose long-term commitment to VWCC is deeply appreciated. — Map (db m4013)
Virginia, Salem — 9-11-2001 Memorial
		Old Virginia Brick Company’s employees, officers and directors dedicate this memorial to all the innocent people killed by the terrorists on September 11, 2001. These two beams are from the 33rd – 36th floors of the North tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The following is the total number of innocent people that perished in each tragedy on 9/11. World Trade Center, New York, NY 2,645 American Airlines Flight 11, New York, NY . . . — Map (db m15093)
Virginia, Salem — K-77 — Andrew Lewis’ Grave
		This famous pioneer, patriot, statesman, and soldier, is buried here on part of his 625 acre estate. Member of House of Burgesses, 1772-1775; defeated Indians at battle of Point Pleasant 1774; drove Lord Dunmore from Virginia 1776. Died 1781. — Map (db m3903)
Virginia, Salem — 74-K — Colonial Mansion Site
		The home of James Campbell, a leading colonial pioneer, who settled here in 1742, stood on this site. On his land Fort Lewis was built in 1756. — Map (db m14800)
Virginia, Salem — East Hill Cemetery North
		(Center marker of three) If I walk in the pathway of duty, If I work till the close of the day, I shall see the great King in His beauty, When I've gone the last mile of the way. And if on Earth I have earnestly striven, and have tried all His will to obey; Twill enhance all the rapture of heaven, When I've gone the last mile of the way. The City of Salem's East Hill North Cemetery Established 1868 Dedicated 2006 Forest G. Jones, City Manager • James E. Taliaferro, . . . — Map (db m4873)
Virginia, Salem — Fort Lewis
		Pre-Revolutionary stronghold of the pioneers of this section against the Indians. — Map (db m14802)
Virginia, Salem — Garst/Kesler Mill — Hanging Rock Battlefield Trail
		At this location in 1842, John Garst purchased 130 acres of fine land on Mason’s Creek. John was born in 1796, and was the son of Frederick Garst. Frederick is buried on a nearby knoll. John Garst built a dam across the creek, and in 1845 he completed his mill. It was situated on the west bank between a wagon road (now Kesler Mill Road) and the stream. Farmers brought their wheat and corn to be ground into flour, meal and feed for livestock between the mill’s burrstones. Flour and meal were . . . — Map (db m15146)
Virginia, Salem — General Andrew Lewis
		1716 - 1781 Pioneer Patriot Hero of the battle of Point Pleasant which was the most closely contested of any battle ever fought with the Northwest Indians: was the opening act in the drama whereof the closing scene was played at Yorktown. — Map (db m3904)
Virginia, Salem — K-75 — General Andrew Lewis
		Andrew Lewis was born on 9 Oct. 1720 in Ireland, and his family immigrated to Virginia by 1732. He attained prominence as a frontier soldier during Dunmore's War when on 10 Oct. 1774 his troops defeated Indians led by Shawnee Chief Cornstalk, at Point Pleasant in present-day West Virginia. As a brigadier general in the Revolutionary army, his troops drove Lord Dunmore from Virginia in July 1776, but he resigned his commission in 1777. Lewis also served in the House of Burgesses, participated in . . . — Map (db m3907)
Virginia, Salem — General Andrew Lewis of Salem
		General Andrew Lewis (1720 - 1781) Sculptor Anne Bell Architect Byron R. Dickson Conceived and Developed by: Dr. Richard H. and Anne Katherine Fisher Commissioned by Salem Educational Foundation and Alumni Association Last Brigade of General Andrew Lewis Robert Craighead • Anne Katherine Fisher • Dr. Charles H. Fisher • Dr. Richard H. Fisher • Robert S. Fisher • Dr. Walter A. Hunt • Emma K. Hunter • John Lamanca, Jr. • Jacquelyn Renee Lilly-Volk • June H. Long • . . . — Map (db m3908)
Virginia, Salem — K-79 — Lynchburg and Salem Turnpike
		The Lynchburg and Salem Turnpike Co. was incorporated in 1818 to construct a turnpike from Lynchburg west to Salem "to establish a communication between Lynchburg [to Salem] and the western part of Virginia." It was funded by stock bought by the state as well as the public. The road reached Liberty (now Bedford) in 1828 and was completed to Salem in 1836. This turnpike, with five tollgates, served as the main thoroughfare in the region until the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad was built in the . . . — Map (db m3902)
Virginia, Salem — K-88 — Old Salem Inns
		Salem, founded in 1803, was a notable stopping place on the route to the West. The inns located near this spot were the Bull's Eye, Ye Olde Time Tavern, the Globe, the Indian Queen, and the Mermaid. — Map (db m14808)
Virginia, Salem — I-11-b — Roanoke College
		At Salem is a liberal arts institution for men and women. Founded in Augusta County in 1842 as Virginia Institute, it was chartered in 1845 as Virginia Collegiate Institute; moved to Salem in 1847; chartered as Roanoke College in 1853, and was in operation throughout 1861-65. The students formed a company in the Confederate Army, Virginia Reserves, September 1, 1864. — Map (db m14809)
Virginia, Salem — K-78 — Sgt. James Walton — Salem Flying Artillery, C.S.A.
		Here at East Hill Cemetery is buried Sgt. James Walton (1838-1875). A gunner in Capt. Charles B. Griffin's Battery (Salem Flying Artillery), Walton fired one of the last artillery shots by Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox Court House. Stationed in the yard of the George Peers house at the northeastern end of the village, Griffin's battery fired at Union cavalry until ordered to stop. Walton had just loaded powder into a gun when the order arrived; he discharged the . . . — Map (db m3905)
Virginia, Salem — The Catawba Branch — Hanging Rock Battlefield Trail
		The rail line later referred to as the Catawba Branch of the Norfolk and Western Railway had its beginnings on March 25, 1902, when the Catawba Valley Railway and Mining Company was approved by the General Assembly of Virginia. This line was typical of the numerous small, single purpose railroads begun in the period from 1880 to 1910. The line was constructed to haul a fine grade of silica sand for glass container manufacturing from the base of Catawba Mountain to a plant located just east of . . . — Map (db m15144)
Virginia, Salem — The Valley Railroad — Hanging Rock Battlefield Trail
		The Valley Railroad, chartered February 23, 1866 and developed between 1867 and 1870, is of significance to the nation’s railroad industry. In the mid-1800’s the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad planned a railroad line to span the length of the Shenandoah Valley and tap the region’s valuable resources – agricultural products, iron, and manganese – as well as to access the new coal fields in Southern West Virginia and Kentucky. The new railroad was designed to link Salem, Lexington, and . . . — Map (db m15145)
Virginia, Salem — To honor our Confederate Soldiers
		(Front): 1861 C.S.A. 1865 Erected by Southern Cross Chapter U.D.C. May 30, 1935 (Front): Unmarked Graves These men of the 17th Virginia Cavalry died during the 1863 and 1864 "winter camps" in the Salem area. Their bodies may lie here in unmarked graves. Charles A. Abbott, Co. A • Calvin Burris, Co. D • William Cooper, Co. G • Oliver J. Davis, Co. G • John S. Groves, Co. C • George Kale, Co. E • Elijah G. McCord, Co. C • George W. Sims . . . — Map (db m4011)
Virginia, Salem — World War 1917 - 1919 Memorial
		Erected by Salem Post No. 19 Department of Virginia of The American Legion to honor those soldiers and sailors from Roanoke County who gave their lives for the cause of democracy during the World War 1917 - 1919 George F. Adams • Addison A. Deyerle • T. Blair Dillard • Everette R. Epperly • Charlie B. Ferguson • William Bertil Ferguson • Harry V. Garman • Lucian F. Garman • Isaac H. Gibson • R. E. Greer • Howard Johnston • Claude G. Lancaster • . . . — Map (db m3987)
Virginia (Accomack County), Tangier — Q-7-a — Tangier Island
		The island was visited in 1608 by Captain John Smith, who gave it the name. A part was patented by Ambrose White in 1670. It was settled in 1686 by John Crockett and his sons’ families. In 1814, it was the headquarters of a British fleet ravaging Chesapeake Bay. From here the fleet sailed to attack Fort McHenry near Baltimore. The Rev. Joshua Thomas, in a prayer, predicted the failure of the expedition. It was in this attack that the Star-Spangled Banner was written. — Map (db m7806)

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