Bainbridge in Decatur County, Georgia — The American South (South Atlantic)
The Second Creek War and Removal in the Decatur County Area
— Creek Heritage Trail —
Fighting in the Second Creek War began in 1836 after desperate Creeks struck against those who had taken their lands. After several sharp engagements in May and June of 1836, American military leaders prematurely pronounced the war over. Many rebel Creeks resisting removal remained in the area, however. A new phase of the fighting began in the summer of 1836 as these scattered groups attempted to escape to join the Seminoles in Florida with the Georgia militia in pursuit. East of here, militiamen and Creek forces met in several small engagements. A company of cavalry from the Bainbridge area under the command of Captain Jonathan C. Hawthorn participated in some of them. The largest fight took place at the Battle of Cow Creek on August 27, 1836. Despite the militia's efforts, most of the fugitive Creeks managed to make their way to join their Seminole cousins in Florida. Many would continue to resist American forces alongside them until the close of the Second Seminole War in 1842.
The Second Creek War ended in 1837, and defeated Creeks who had not migrated to Florida were forced to remove to the West in the "Creek Trail of Tears." These removal efforts in Georgia and Alabama continued until the 1840s. Although it was technically illegal for them to reside in Georgia, a small number of Creeks managed to evade removal by hiding, being sheltered by white friends, or otherwise assimilating into American society. Many people in southwest Georgia trace their ancestry to these survivors.
Inset
The Battle of Cow Creek
Article about the Battle of Cow Creek which appeared in the Milledgeville Federal Union on September 20, 1836.
Captions
Bottom left: Map of Second Creek War battles in southern Georgia.
Middle top: Depiction of Second Seminole War battle in Florida.
Middle bottom: This image portraying an action during the Second Seminole War is representative of the type of fighting that took place in the swamps of southern Georgia during the Second Creek War.
Erected 2014 by Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Georgia Department of Economic Development and Georgia Council for the Arts, Decatur County Commission, Decatur County Historical and Genealogical Society, Bainbridge State College and City of Bainbridge.
Topics. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Native Americans • Wars, US Indian. A significant historical month for this entry is June 1836.
Location. 30° 54.493′ N, 84° 34.756′ W. Marker is in Bainbridge, Georgia, in Decatur County. Marker can be reached from West Jackson Street west of North Florida Street, on the right when traveling west. Located within Chason Park. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: West Jackson Street, Bainbridge GA 39817, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. The Battle of Fowltown (here, next to this marker); Decatur County During the Creek and Seminole Wars Era (here, next to this marker); The First Seminole War in Decatur County (here, next to this marker); General Andrew Jackson Trail (a few steps from this marker); Fort Scott Memorial (within shouting distance of this marker); The J.D. Chason Memorial Park / The J.D. Chason Memorial Park History (within shouting distance of this marker); Fort Hughes (about 800 feet away, measured in a direct line); Decatur County (approx. 0.2 miles away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Bainbridge.
Credits. This page was last revised on January 10, 2022. It was originally submitted on May 6, 2018, by Mark Hilton of Montgomery, Alabama. This page has been viewed 357 times since then and 38 times this year. Photos: 1. submitted on May 6, 2018, by Mark Hilton of Montgomery, Alabama. 2. submitted on January 10, 2022, by Mark Hilton of Montgomery, Alabama.