Washington Square

Washington Square. Site of First Lincoln-Douglas Debate. On August 21, 1858, the first of the famous debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas was held in Washington Square. Here ten thousand heard the two candidates debate for a seat in the United States Senate., Principally, the great debates revolved around a single sentence in the Declaration of Independence. The phrase "all men are created equal" was central to Lincoln's argument, his primary evidence for the antislavery intentions of the Founding Fathers. Lincoln eloquently dwelled on the original premise of the Declaration of Independence, and declares "...there is no reason in the world why the Negro is not entitled to all the natural rights enumerated in the Declaration of Independence, the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. I hold that he is as much entitled to these as the white man." Douglas, however, refused to address the morality of slavery. He insisted that the people in individual states should be left to decide the question, a concept he endorsed as "popular sovereignty"., Lincoln came to Ottawa several times throughout his life. In May of 1832 Captain Lincoln was mustered out of the service in the Black Hawk War at the mouth of the Fox River. Lincoln practiced law before the Supreme Court of Illinois at sessions held in the old LaSalle County Courthouse, and many times before the LaSalle County courts in downtown Ottawa. Lincoln served here as a claims commissioner for the Illinois and Michigan Canal in December of 1852. In October of 1856, he appeared in Ottawa as a speaker for John C. Freemont, who sought election, as the first Republican presidential candidate., Washington Square was platted as part of the original town plan of Ottawa in 1831 by the Illinois and Michigan Canal Commission.