Photograph as originally submitted to this page in the Historical Marker Database www.HMdb.org. Click on photo to resize in browser. Scroll down to see metadata.

Photographer: Charlie Crisafulli, USDA Forest Service
Caption: Marker detail: Elk
Additional Description: Days after the eruption, elk tramped across the Pumice Plain. Their droppings fertilized and seeded the ground. At least 15 species of plants growing on the plain today were transported in their intestinal tracks. Elk's hooves break up the ash and pumice crust; forming sprouting sites for new plants. They also eat and trample plants, slowing the recovery.
Submitted: October 31, 2020, by Cosmos Mariner of Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Database Locator Identification Number: p546957
File Size: 1.149 Megabytes

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