English:
İsmet İnönü was the first prime minister and the second president of the Turkish Republic. He was born in Izmir in 1884. He received his primary education and graduated from military high school and Academy of Artillery . . . — — Map (db m83979) HM
English: The building complex that measures 75 x 75 m includes a central area limited by porticoes and shops. The macellum has an entrance on all four sides. The shops on the north and west face alternately the macellum or the street . . . — — Map (db m84207) HM
English: The earliest archaeological finds at Perge, a very important city in the region of Pamphylia, date from the end of the fifth millennium B.C. and come from the acropolis. These are followed by uninterrupted layers of habitation . . . — — Map (db m84210) HM
The first dig at Perge had been made by Ord.Prof.Dr.Arlf Müfit Mansel and his team under his leadership in the year of 1946. Between the years of 1975-1986, the digs were made under the leadership of Prof.Dr.Jale Inan. During the digs the remains of . . . — — Map (db m84215) HM
English: There are four doors opening into four directions on the walls of the ancient city of Perge. However, in the south, there are two doors which were made at Hellenistic and Roman periods and there is a courtyard of 72.2m between two . . . — — Map (db m84209) HM
English: The complex, one of the best preserved buildings in Perge, is noteworthy because of its size and monumentality when compared with its counterparts in Pamphylia. Rooms that served different functions like the dressing room . . . — — Map (db m84208) HM
English: In antiquity, central part of Antalya was known as “Pamphylia”, the land of all tribes, and is thought to have been settled originally by migrating people from Anatolia. Pamphylia grew into a populous region and many fine cities . . . — — Map (db m84193) HM
Theatre of Aspendos is the best preserved ancient theatre in Asia Minor and the most Magnificent Roman building of the province of Pamphylia as well. It was designed by the architect Zeno, son of Theodorus. This theatre by Zeno shows the final . . . — — Map (db m84194) HM
Text on German Side of Marker:
Das Theater von Assos wurde im 4. Jh.
v. Chr. südlich unterhalb der Agora in
einen natürlichen Hang hineingebaut. Mit
seiner Hufeisenform stellt es ein typisch
griechisches Bauwerk dar. Es . . . — — Map (db m119882) HM
English Text:
View of the outside of the Troia II/III Citadel Wall, ca 2500-2200 BCE.
(Schliemann's 'Burnt City').
This reconstruction built with hand made and fired mudbrick preserves the original mudbrick material, which is . . . — — Map (db m123278) HM
English Text:
You are now standing on the remains of the outer wall of the Greek and Roman temple precinct from the period of Troia VIII/IX (third century BCE - c. CE 500). In front of you lie the fortifications of Troia/Ilios. You . . . — — Map (db m123200) HM
English Text:
You are now standing on the remains of the foundations of an altar which belonged to the Greek and Roman temple of Athena (see Information-Sign 4). The remains of this temple had already been removed by stone-robbers . . . — — Map (db m123228) HM
English Text:
These large vat-like storage containers appear in the Mediterranean and Near East already in the Neolithic period along with the earliest pottery. They served primarily as a means to keep cool olive oil, wine, and grain, . . . — — Map (db m123122) HM
English Text:
Where you are now standing there once lay the forecourt of the temple of Athena belonging to the Greek and Roman city Ilion. Looking down you can see in the center of the mound a wide area at a lower level. This was . . . — — Map (db m123252) HM
English: The 57th Infantry Regiment was formed during the Balkan War in 1912. On 1 February 1915, it was reconstituted under the command of the 19th Infantry Division as part of the Turkish Fifth Army.
The regiment showed outstanding . . . — — Map (db m85113) HM
These ten panels, mounted upon a wall facing the sea, describes the conflict between Allied and Turkish forces on the Gallipoli Peninsula in 1915.
Panel #1
English:
The Dardanelles
A good army of . . . — — Map (db m85295) HM WM
English:
This beach, 600 metres long by 20 metres wide was the life line to the Allied soldiers within the Anzac perimeter. Because of Turkish shellfire, supplies could only be landed at night and carried by men and mules along tortuous . . . — — Map (db m85219) HM
English:
By early l9l5, the Western Front in France and Flanders had reached a stalemate. The British War Council sanctioned a plan to attack the Ottoman Empire, which was fighting alongside the Central Powers, led by Germany. By . . . — — Map (db m85184) HM WM
English:
At 0430 hours on 25 April, 36 rowing boats landed the first Australian soldiers around this point and at Anzac Cove. Immediately they climbed the 100 metre hill behind you (Plugge's Plateau) and by 1000 hrs. secured a front line . . . — — Map (db m85183) HM
"Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives... you are now living in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this . . . — — Map (db m85220) WM
English:
During the Gallipoli campaign, this area was known as 'Hell Spit'. To the north is the beach which became known as Anzac Cove, where some 27,000 Australian and New Zealand, British and Indian troops came ashore between 25 April . . . — — Map (db m85241) HM
English:
New Zealand and British Forces climbed from the beach under cover of darkness and launched a surprise attack on this hilltop, capturing it on 8 August 1915. They held the area immediately around the New Zealand Memorial for 2 . . . — — Map (db m85151) HM
To the glory of God and the lasting memory of 3268 Australian soldiers who fought on Gallipoli in 1915 and have no known graves, and 456 New Zealand soldiers whose names are not recorded in any other areas of the peninsula but who fell in the Anzac . . . — — Map (db m85110) WM
Turkish:
"Biz Çanakkale Yarımadasının Türklerle savaşarak ve binlerce insanımızı kaybederek kahraman Turk milletine ve onun essiz vatan sevgisine duyduǧumuz büyük takdir ve hayranlıkla . . . — — Map (db m85248) WM
English:
The coast line curls eastwards passing Ariburnu and turns North running about 160 meters along up to Nibrunesi Point (Kuchulx Kemekli). The Anzacs called the coast line here “North Beach" because of its perspective viewing . . . — — Map (db m85281) HM
English: The Allied objectives in the Gallipoli Campaign were, by capturing Istanbul, to force Turkey out of the war, to secure an ice-free sea supply route to Russia and to open another front against Germany and Austria-Hungary. The . . . — — Map (db m85111) HM
English:
"On 10th of August 1915 the British Forces of 20,000 settled into their trenches where they had spent days digging and waiting for the moment to attack and occupy Chunuk Bair, and thereby dominate the Dardanelles. The darkness . . . — — Map (db m85148) HM
English:
This key position defended vigorously by both side saw repeated attacks across this narrow ridge. The ANZAC trenches were located close to the cemetery. The Turkish trenches originated near to the raised stone memorial on your . . . — — Map (db m85145) HM
English:
The Nek is a hillock, 157 m. above sea level, located at Russell's Top. It is a very important point which connects Russell's Top - which is 700 m. high and 40-100 m. wide and extending over Plugge's Plateau on the southwest - . . . — — Map (db m85147) HM WM
English:
This was a fiercely contested part of the front-line at Anzac. A narrow passage across the ridge known as ‘the Nek' lay just below a hill designated Baby 700 by Commonwealth forces. After the Armistice. the remains of several . . . — — Map (db m85115) HM WM
The church with an octagon core was built at the beginning of the 5th century on the summit of the hill. This is probably where, according to tradition, the Apostle was martyred. The building has an eight-sided central room surmounted by a wooden . . . — — Map (db m118853) HM
Built to a U-shaped plan with two wings enclosing the large basin. The lower part is built of more regularly-shaped travertine blocks, while the upper part has blocks of varying dimensions, clearly taken from previous structures. On the basis of the . . . — — Map (db m118898) HM
In the latest years the theatre continues to represent one of the top priorities for the Italian Mission, that continues the studies and has started important actions of preservation, restoration and presentation of the monument.
The project of . . . — — Map (db m118880) HM
English:
Following the passing of Mevlâna on December 17th, 1273, Alâmeddin Kayer and Gürcü Hatun the wife of Süleyman Pervade the Seljuk Emir made Bedridden from Tebriz build a tomb one year later.
Three sections of the tomb that rise . . . — — Map (db m84274) HM
English:
Date: 13th Century
Built by: Unknown
Architect: Unknown
Ahmed Eflâkî Dede narrated detailed and important information about Hz. Mevlâna and Mevleviyeh with his book called “Menâkibü’l-Ârifîn” (Anecdotes . . . — — Map (db m84275) HM
English Text:
The remains of the ancient city of Thyateira, which is located within the borders of the county town of Akhisar, have been uncovered mostly in two areas named as the "Tepe Mezarligi" (Hill Cemetery) and the "Hastane . . . — — Map (db m119733) HM
English Text:
The striking remains of the ancient city of Thyateira are located in the "Tepe Mezarligi (Hill Cemetery)" in the county town of Akhisar. The archeological excavations in this region were carried out by Professor Dr. Yusuf . . . — — Map (db m119765) HM
English Text:
In the excavations carried out in the east of the area called the "Tepe Mezarligi" (Hill Cemetery) within the range of the ancient city of Thyateira, a typical Roman street with columns was unearthed which lies in the . . . — — Map (db m119801) HM
English Text
The Yildirim Beyazit Mosque, reflecting Ottoman architecture, located in Alasehir district of Manisa province.
Construction of the mosque was started between the years 1390-1400 by the Ottoman sultan Yildirim . . . — — Map (db m119167) HM
English Text:
Bathing was a part of an important Roman social tradition, which spread throughout the Roman Empire. That tradition emphasized the benefits of leisure and combined the pleasure of bathing in tepid, warm, and cold water . . . — — Map (db m119407) HM
Turkish Text:
Iki odali W/8-9 no''lu dükkân, muhtemelen boya üretim ve satis
yeri olarak kullanilmistir. Her iki odaya da dogruca revaktan
ulasilabiliyordu. Daha küçük olan W9 no''lu odanin tabani tuglalarla
kapliydi ve olasilikla . . . — — Map (db m119303) HM
The crane was brought to Sardis in 1911 by the Howard Crosby Butler Expedition and was used for lifting and moving fallen architectural blocks during excavation of the temple of Artemis, 1910-1914. The crane was operated by hand, had a lifting . . . — — Map (db m119416) HM
Turkish Text:
Hamamin güney girisinin her iki yaninda yer alan dükkânlar büyük
bir olasilikla lokanta veya taverna olarak hizmet vermekteydi. W1-2
no''lu dükkânin kazisinda iki adet ocak yeri ve yiyecek kaplari elde
edilmistir. W2 . . . — — Map (db m119305) HM
Turkish Text:
E5 no''lu dükkânin küçük olmasi ve içinde ilginç ev objelerinin bulunmasi, buranin bir mesken
olarak kullanildigina isaret etmektedir. Fevkalade enteresan objeler arasinda, uzun adimlarla
yürüyen aslan seklinde, . . . — — Map (db m119351) HM
English Text:
This monumental Roman avenue was one of a series of important east-wes
thoroughfares that passed through Sardis over a span of 2500 years. During the Lydian period (7th and 6th centuries BC), a road near here approached . . . — — Map (db m119309) HM
English Text:
Sardis (Sardeis in Greek, Sfard- in Lydian, Sparda in Persian, Sart in Turkish) has been the name of the settlement here for more than 3,000 years. The earliest known occupation dates from the Late Bronze Age, c. 1400 BC, . . . — — Map (db m119223) HM
This monumental synagogue occupied the southeast corner of the Roman bath-gymnasium and served as the center of a prosperous Jewish community during late antiquity. Discovered in 1962, the building is the largest known synagogue of the . . . — — Map (db m119383) HM
English Text:
Apse and Benches
The curved wall of the apse was once pierced by three niches and two vaulted passageways. The openings were later blocked and the wall covered with bands of white and colored marble. Three tiers of . . . — — Map (db m119405) HM
English Text:
Fountain
The large krater or vase at the center of the forecourt is a replica of the marble original, a fountain where congregants washed before prayer. Water was supplied by terracotta pipes below the floor. An . . . — — Map (db m119363) HM
English Text;
The temple, one of the largest in the world, was originally dedicated to Artemis. It faced west like other Anatolian temples of Artemis such as those at Ephesus and Magnesia. The two complete columns have stood intact . . . — — Map (db m119488) HM
English Text:
The Altar of Artemis (or "Lydian Altar") is the oldest preserved
building in the sanctuary of Artemis, and was the focus of its ritual and ceremony. It has two main building phases, one of
which is older than the temple. . . . — — Map (db m119504) HM
English: " ...Harpagos, after subduing, Ionia, make an expedition against the Carians, Caunians and Lycians... " This statement informs us of the significance of Caunus with respect to ancient geography and political relations during . . . — — Map (db m84257) HM
English: It is one of the earliest and best preserved of its type in Anatolia. The date of the original construction of this church must be placed at the 6th century AD. It is an approximately square plan (14 x 14.5 m) and has three naves. . . . — — Map (db m84567) HM
English:
This bath house is one of the best preserved examples which survive from the Roman Imperial Period. The building was originally planned as two complexes: the courtyard (palaestra) and the Bath House, both on the same axis with a . . . — — Map (db m84566) HM
English: The Theater of Caunus, with a seating capacity for 5000 spectators, faces southwest, complying with the Anatolian tradition and follows Hellenistic tradition with respect to its plan. The Theatron (sic) having a diameter of 75 m and . . . — — Map (db m84569) HM
English: The theater fountain is located within vaulted niche of 11.85 m inserted into the supporting wall of the theater (Analemma). This fountain, without doubt, not only serves the audience of the games in the theater, but also to the . . . — — Map (db m84568) HM
English:
Underground towns, one of the most interesting assets among the cultural heritage of the region, are carved out of the relatively soft tufa. The main reason of existence for these town was to provide refuge during the recurring . . . — — Map (db m84034) HM
English:
This two columned church (two other columns being in the form of pillars), is cross vaulted, and
has three apses and four domes. The well preserved frescoes show the life of Jesus, hospitality of Abraham, and images of the . . . — — Map (db m84151) HM
English:
This church is situated behind the rock housing Elmalı (Apple) Church, It has a cruciform plan, with two columns. The north, south and west arms of the cruciform are barrel vaulted, and the centre, the east arm, and the east . . . — — Map (db m84117) HM
English: This church is situated at the entrance of the Göreme Open Air Museum. Graves are to be found in the columned narthex area. The nave is transversally rectangular and barrel vaulted, and has three apses situated on the left, long . . . — — Map (db m84155) HM
English: Situated between the Karanlık (Dark) Church and the Çarıkı Church, the Chapel of St. Catherine has a free-cross nave and narthex. The central bay is covered by a dome and the cross arms are barrel-vaulted. Its apse is . . . — — Map (db m84126) HM
English:
This church featuring four columns, nine domes and three apses is of the closed cruciform type. Access to the church is through a tunnel on the north side. The original entrance was on the south side. The original decorations in . . . — — Map (db m84152) HM
English: To the north, a winding stairway leads into the rectangular, barrel vaulted narthex of the Dark Church. This church has a cruciform plan, the arms of which are cross vaulted. There is a center dome, with four columns and three . . . — — Map (db m84121) HM
English: These three areas lie side by side and are connected by passageways. The first section was used as a larder, with recesses hollowed from the rock being used as storage spaces. In the kitchen there is a “tandır”, a type of oven . . . — — Map (db m84120) HM
English:
The 6-7 storey rock mass to the left of the museum entrance is known as the “nunnery”. The dining hall, kitchen and some rooms on the first floor, together
with the ruined chapel on the second level, can still be visited. The . . . — — Map (db m84035) HM
English:
This is the oldest known rock-cut church in the region, and consists of four sections: the Old Church with one nave; the New Church; the Lower Church under the old church; and the Parecclesion to the north of the New Church.
The . . . — — Map (db m84156) HM
English: The main section is transversally rectangular and barrel vaulted, whereas the extended space to the south, which houses the graves, has a flat ceiling. The apse was hollowed out of the long wall on the left and the church was left . . . — — Map (db m84119) HM
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