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Paleontology Topic

 
A New World: Tertiary Mammals Marker image, Touch for more information
By Barry Swackhamer, August 12, 2019
A New World: Tertiary Mammals Marker
GEOGRAPHIC SORT WITH USA FIRST
101Montana (Jefferson County), Whitehall — A New World: Tertiary Mammals
On State Highway 55 near Hanson Lane, on the left when traveling north.
Between the time dinosaurs went went extinct 65 million years ago, and the beginning of the Ice Age, some 2 million years ago, is a time called the Age of Mammals. During this period of time the western third of Montana experienced a variety of . . . — Map (db m141642) HM
102Montana (McCone County), Brockway — Dinosaurs
On State Highway 200 at milepost 248, at South Flowing Wells Road, on the left when traveling west on State Highway 200.
Its (sic) difficult to believe now, but 65 million years ago the middle of this continent was a shallow sea. The area, when not underwater, was part of a hot, humid subtropical coastline of marshes, rivers and river deltas bearing dense vegetation . . . — Map (db m153275) HM
103Montana (Mineral County), Alberton — Glacial Lake Missoulaand Transportation Along the Clark Fork
On Interstate 90 at milepost 73, on the right when traveling west.
During the last ice age about 15,000 years ago, an enormous glacier pushed down from British Columbia and blocked the Clark Fork River in northern Idaho. The glacier functioned as an ice dam creating the largest glacial lake known to have existed, . . . — Map (db m123059) HM
104Montana (Mineral County), Saltese — A Lost WorldPrecambrian Belt Rocks
On Interstate 90 at milepost 4.
Imagine a world very different than we know today. About 1.5 billion years ago during the Precambrian Era, the earth's environment was desolate, with no trees, fish, animals or birds. Shallow seas with extensive near-shore flats were fed by streams . . . — Map (db m123024) HM
105Montana (Roosevelt County), Culbertson — Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
On U.S. 2 near 6th Avenue East, on the right when traveling east.
The Fort Union Formation was deposited not long after the dinosaur extinction, about 65 million years ago. Rivers originating in mountains to the west and south carried abundant sediment to the nearby shallow inland sea to the east, crossing the . . . — Map (db m142979) HM
106Montana (Valley County), Glasgow — The Ice Ages
On U.S. 2 near Tampico North Road, on the left.
For thousands of years, northern Montana was covered under massive ice sheets. Glaciologists aren't sure why the ice ages began, but the process of glaciation is known because of the mark it leaves on the landscape. About 190,000 years ago, . . . — Map (db m142928) HM
107Nebraska (Lancaster County), Lincoln — Mammuthus Columbi
On Vine Street, on the right when traveling east.
Mammoths roamed Nebraska's grasslands for more than one million years before mysteriously disappearing between 11,000 and 10,000 years ago. These extinct relatives of today's elephants were the largest mammals ever to walk the Great Plains. Adult . . . — Map (db m54358) HM
108Nebraska (Morrill County), Bayard — The Innocent Assassins
On Chimney Rock Recreation Road (State Highway 62F), on the right when traveling south.
Once in the sun-fierce badlands of the west in that strange country of volcanic ash and cones, . . . we found a sabertooth, most ancient cat, far down in all those cellars of dead time.”From The Innocent Assassins by . . . — Map (db m89174) HM
109Nebraska (Sioux County), Harrison — Fossil Hills TrailAgate Fossil Beds National Monument — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —
On River Road.
The hills held ancient secrets for paleontologists. The two hills in the distance don’t look like anything special. Even up close the untrained eye will see nothing astounding. But a sandstone layer near the bases of the hills has yielded one of the . . . — Map (db m62064) HM
110New Hampshire (Coos County), Lancaster — 173 — Lake Coos and the Presidential Range
On Portland Street (U.S. 2) 1.8 miles east of Prospect Street (U.S. 3), on the right when traveling west.
Lancaster, founded in 1763, lies on the bed of glacial Lake Coos, formed as the glaciers receded 14,000 years ago. Today, the Connecticut, an American Heritage River, flows along the bottom of the ancient lake. You stand at a gateway to The Great . . . — Map (db m75697) HM
111New Hampshire (Grafton County), Lincoln — Borasaurus(Granitus Holus)
Near Daniel Webster Highway (U.S. 3) 0.2 miles north of Connector Road.
Millions of years ago, the borasaurus roamed this area, It was similar in size to a T-Rex but with a large drill like horn on its head. It was his constant sharpening of this horn that produced such a smooth hole in this granite boulder. This rare . . . — Map (db m97311) HM
112New Jersey (Camden County), Haddonfield — Hadrosaurus Foulkii
On Maple Avenue.
In a marl pit on the John E. Hopkins farm in October 1858, the world’s first nearly complete dinosaur skeleton was unearthed by William Parker Foulke. The find was adjacent to this point. This was also the first dinosaur skeleton to ever be mounted. . . . — Map (db m29239) HM
113New Jersey (Camden County), Haddonfield — The Hadrosaurus foulkii Sculpture
On Kings Highway (New Jersey Route 41) at Chestnut Street, on the right when traveling south on Kings Highway.
Commemorates the Historic Discovery by William Parker Foulke in Haddonfield, New Jersey, 1858 Historic Fossil The 1858 find was the most complete dinosaur skeleton unearthed anywhere in the world up until that time. It was the first that . . . — Map (db m114425) HM
114New Jersey (Middlesex County), Woodbridge — William Cutter House
William Cutter House Built at the end of the 18th century, this farm house at 115 Amboy Avenue was the home of William Cutter (1778-1838), father of successful clay magnate, Hampton Cutter (1811-82). William Cutter’s great-grandfather, Richard . . . — Map (db m125780) HM
115New Mexico (Rio Arriba County), Abiquiu — Coelophysis Quarry — Ghost Ranch —
Near U.S. 84 at milepost 225 near Local Road 1708.
In 1881 David Baldwin discovered small fossilized bones on what is now Ghost Ranch. He mailed the bones to paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope in Philadelphia. Cope had been through the area in the late 1870s and had urged Baldwin to explore and . . . — Map (db m75212) HM
116New York (Albany County), Cohoes — Cohoes Mastodon
On North Mohawk Street near Front Street, on the right when traveling north.
Site of Cohoes Mastodon Found September 1866 Now in N. Y. State Museum — Map (db m40818) HM
117New York (Albany County), Cohoes — The Cohoes Mastodont
On Vliet Street at North Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling east on Vliet Street.
The Cohoes Mastodont was discovered during the excavation for Harmony Mill #3 in 1866. The mill is sometimes referred to as the "Mastodon Mill" for this reason. When all the bones were recovered, they were kept at the Harmony Mills Office on . . . — Map (db m41622) HM
118New York (Albany County), Voorheesville — Indian Ladder
Near Thacher Park Road.
In Colonial Times An Indian Trail Ascended The Helderberg Cliffs At This Point From The Lowlands To The East State Ed Dept 1932 Friends of Thacher Park 2014Map (db m77125) HM
119New York (Albany County), Voorheesville — Thacher Point
Near Thacher Park Road.
At this site, on September 14, 1914, this park was formally dedicated in memory of John Boyd Thacher. His widow, Emma Treadwell Thacher, donated the 350 acres to the state of New York to be preserved as a public park. The Thachers, whose summer home . . . — Map (db m77243) HM
120New York (Chautauqua County), Irving — Everett R. Burmaster
On Main Road (U.S. 20) at Buffalo Road, on the right when traveling east on Main Road.
1890-1965 lived in Irving. Historian, Archaeologist, Paleontologist, BMS Curator. Seneca adopted-Gahgewa. Saved Hanover Elm & Sottle Fiddle. — Map (db m64672) HM
121New York (Genesee County), Byron — Byron 1820
On Byron Holley Rd (New York State Route 237), on the right when traveling south.
Prehistoric dig, Byron Swamp Byron Fair Society 1878 Byron Cheese Factory 1884 Byron Telephone Co. 1903-31 Farm Produce, Oxbo Harvesters — Map (db m151516) HM
122New York (New York County), New York — The Arsenal
Near Fifth Avenue near East 64th Street.
The historic Arsenal is one of two buildings in Central Park predating the park. It was designed by esteemed architect Martin T. Thompson (1786-1877) and built between 1847 and 1851 by the State of New York as a storage repository for the storage . . . — Map (db m137070) HM
123New York (Ontario County), Naples — Grimes Glen
On Vine Street 1 mile west of South Main Street (New York State Route 21).
Grimes Glen Home of the oldest fossil tree found and mounted by D. Dana Luther, Naples, N.Y. Now in State Education building, Albany, N.Y. — Map (db m125503) HM
124New York (Orange County), Montgomery — Mastadon Dig 1800
On New York State Route 17K 1 mile west of New York State Route 208, on the right when traveling west.
1st U.S. Science expedition remains exhibited London & Amer. philosoph. Society, Philadelphia. Dig Painted by Charles W. Peale, 1810. — Map (db m49822) HM
125New York (Saratoga County), Saratoga Springs — Lester ParkA Natural History Site of the New York State Museum
On Petrified Sea Gardens Road, on the right.
A 490 million year old fossilized sea bottom. Donated in memory of William Lester, Esq. 1914 — Map (db m131595) HM
126New York (Schoharie County), Gilboa — The Gilboa Fossils
On New York State Route 990V 0.1 miles west of Flat Creek Road (County Route 17), on the left when traveling east.
This exhibit is the only visible proof of the other, ancient world that lies hidden beneath the landscape. 380 million years ago, Gilboa was located on the shore of the inland Catskill Sea. This was a tropical world, situated about twenty . . . — Map (db m153153) HM
127Ohio (Franklin County), Columbus — Dominion Land Company Mound An Early Woodlands Period Structure/Sunwall and Moonwall Murals
On Indianola Avenue (U.S. 23) at Cooke Road, on the right when traveling north on Indianola Avenue.
Dominion Land Company Mound An Early Woodlands Period Structure In the early 1800s, Prosper Wetmore wrote about his childhood memories of native mounds in the ravine area of Northwestern Clinton Township. At that time, he recalled two . . . — Map (db m108853) HM
128Ohio (Lorain County), Sheffield Lake — 12-47 — Jay Terrell and his "Terrible Fish"
On East Lake Road (U.S. 6) west of Irving Park Blvd, on the right when traveling west.
Around 1867, along the shale cliffs of the lakeshore of Sheffield Lake, Jay Terrell found fossils of a "terrible fish" later named in his honor as Dinichthys Terrelli. This animal, now known as Dunkleosteus terrelli, was a massive arthrodire (an . . . — Map (db m67502) HM
129Ohio (Lucas County), Sylvania — 62-48 — Centennial Terrace and Quarry / Fossil Park
On Centennial Road south of Sylvania-Metamora Road, on the left when traveling north.
Side A Centennial Terrace and Quarry In 1931, the France Stone Company ceased operations. Robert Burge leased 19 acres of the site for recreational swimming and opened Centennial Quarry in 1934. Five years later, . . . — Map (db m94772) HM
130Ohio (Mercer County), Fort Recovery — Native Cultures
On Fort Site Street south of West Boundary Street, on the right when traveling south.
About 14,000 years ago, the last glacier receded from this area. Mastodons, mammoths, and giant beavers, roamed the region. The ancestors of American Indians arrived in Ohio during this time. These Paleoindians were hunters and . . . — Map (db m136902) HM
131Ohio (Mercer County), St. Henry — 1- 54 — The Cranberry PrairieA Geological Feature of Western Ohio
On Ft Recovery Minster Road (County Route 30b) at Cranberry Road (County Route 115), on the right when traveling west on Ft Recovery Minster Road.
The Cranberry Prairie, southwest of this marker, is a part of Ohio's natural history. The place was named for the cranberries that grew in a swamp here prior to drainage of the area. The Cranberry Prairie was created by centuries of peat . . . — Map (db m94414) HM
132Ohio (Montgomery County), Miamisburg — Miamisburg MoundMarker Number One
On Mound Rd at Enterprise Ct., on the left when traveling south on Mound Rd.
This is the highest and largest of the many conical burial mounds in Ohio. Erected in prehistoric times by the so-called Mound Builders. It stands as an imposing memorial to those first Ohioans. The mound is 70 feet in height; 877 feet in . . . — Map (db m105858) HM
133Ohio (Montgomery County), Miamisburg — Miamisburg MoundMarker Number Two
On Mound Rd near Enterprise Ct., on the left when traveling south.
Miamisburg Mound, the largest conical earthwork in Ohio, originally was sixty-eight feet high with a diameter of three hundred feet. One excavating attempt in 1869 reduced the height to its present sixty-five feet. The mound was then partially . . . — Map (db m105872) HM
134Ohio (Wyandot County), Carey — 4-88 — Sheriden Cave — Ohio Historical Marker —
On Ohio Route 568 east of County Route 89A, on the left when traveling west.
Indian Trail Caverns, first opened in 1927, is one of many caves that occur on the dolomite ridge traversed by State Route 568 in Wyandot and Hancock counties. Sheriden Cave, a karst sinkhole associated with the caverns, was discovered in 1989. It . . . — Map (db m93656) HM
135Oklahoma (Cleveland County), Norman — Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History
On J. Willis Stovall Drive 0.1 miles east of Chautauqua Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
In 1899 the Oklahoma Territorial Legislature created a natural history museum to preserve Oklahoma’s rich heritage. More than 100 years later, the Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History was built to protect the museum’s priceless . . . — Map (db m143652) HM
136Oregon (Grant County), Dayville — An Oregon Fossil Rush
Near John Day Highway (Oregon Route 19) 2 miles north of U.S. 26, on the left when traveling north.
“What is it that urges a man to risk his life in these precipitous fossil beds? I can answer only for myself, but with me there were two motives, the desire to add to human knowledge, which has been a great motive all my life, and the . . . — Map (db m114115) HM
137Oregon (Grant County), Dayville — Mascall OverlookJohn Day Fossil Beds National Monument
Near County Road 40 (County Route 40).
Marker 1 Shows an overview map of the National Monument with other points of interest. Marker 2 Like Icing on a Cake. "Between 16.6 million and 15 million years ago, eastern Oregon sat above the nascent Yellowstone hot spot's . . . — Map (db m108677) HM
138Oregon (Lake County), Fort Rock — A Path to the Past10,000 Years of Homesteading
On Old Fort Rock Road (County Route 5-10) west of County Route 5-13, on the right when traveling east.
The history of the west is linked with the idea of finding a new home in a challenging land. We call it homesteading. During the Pleistocene epoch, homesteaders in the Fort Rock Basin were mammoths, camels, horses, flamingos, and . . . — Map (db m113604) HM
139Oregon (Lane County), Eugene — Granite Glacial Erratic
Near East 15th Avenue east of Agate Street.
A rock or boulder carried from its original source by an act of nature is called an erratic. This granite erratic was deposited near Harrisburg, Oregon about 12,000 years ago. Geologists say it was carried there by an iceberg during the . . . — Map (db m99224) HM
140Oregon (Lane County), Eugene — Petrified Wood
Near East 15th Avenue east of Agate Street.
This piece of petrified wood was found near the mouth of Moffett Creek when the Columbia River Highway was widened in 1950. The wood turned to stone as the fiber of the original tree, which lived during the early Miocene age (26 million years ago), . . . — Map (db m99223) HM
141Oregon (Wheeler County), Mitchell — Fossils on the Frontier
Near Bear Creek Road 0.4 miles west of Bridge Creek - Burnt Ranch Road.
Northern Paiute Indians and a few mountain men were the only residents of the John Day Country before 1860. Cavalry troops passed through the John Day River drainage looking for the best route from the Columbia River to Fort Boise. One company, . . . — Map (db m71675) HM
142Oregon (Wheeler County), Mitchell — Painted by the PastChanging Forest
On Bear Creek Road near Burnt Ranch Road, in the median.
(Three panel make up this marker.) Climate changed doesn't happen overnight, nor is it a smooth process. The Painted Hills contain a record of both long term climate change as well as the fluctuations that occurred along the way. As . . . — Map (db m158073) HM
143Oregon (Wheeler County), Mitchell — Painted Hills OverlookJohn Day Fossil Beds National Monument
Near Bear Creek Road 1.2 miles west of Bridge Creek - Burnt Ranch Road.
Through this dry land in 1865 rode a pioneer minister and amateur scientist named Thomas Condon. It was the first of his many visits. Imagine his reaction when he discovered the imprints of countless fossilized leaves near these Painted Hills, . . . — Map (db m71698) HM
144Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Diplodocus carnegii
Near Forbes Avenue.
Diplodocus carnegii lived 150 million years ago, when dinosaurs dominated the land. Carnegie Museum paleontologists first discovered the remains in Wyoming on July 4, 1899. A new species, the dinosaur was named after Andrew Carnegie, the museums . . . — Map (db m99165) HM
145Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Frick Family
Near Beechwood Boulevard 0.1 miles east of Shaw Avenue, on the right when traveling north.
This park is a legacy of industrialist Henry Clay Frick and his daughter Helen. From modest beginnings — he was born to a Mennonite farmer and whiskey distiller in 1849 — Henry Frick became one of America's most influential and . . . — Map (db m156155) HM
146Pennsylvania (Allegheny County), Pittsburgh — Prehistoric Rivers
Near Three Rivers Heritage Trail.
Three rivers draining the western slopes of the Allegheny Mountains meet at the Pittsburgh Point. The Monongahela flows from the mountains of West Virginia and the Allegheny comes down from northern Pennsylvania. Together the two rivers join to form . . . — Map (db m152155) HM
147Pennsylvania (Crawford County), Conneaut Lake — Geology
Near Grand Army of the Republic Highway (U.S. 6).
Conneaut Lake is a kettle lake formed by the receding glacier during the last Ice Age, about 12,000 years ago. As the glacier melted, a large block of ice partially embedded in accumulated sediment formed the depression, which became the lake. . . . — Map (db m74623) HM
148Pennsylvania (Crawford County), Titusville — Titusvillia Drakei Caster
On Union Street (Pennsylvania Route 89) at North Washington Street, on the right when traveling north on Union Street.
In ancient seabottom rocks exposed in this stream, the Holotype Specimen of a rare fossil sponge was found by Paleontologist Kenneth E. Caster. In 1939 in recognition of the support which brought the sciences of geology and paleontology to such . . . — Map (db m64970) HM
149Pennsylvania (Monroe County), Minisink Hills — Shawnee-Minisink Archaeological Site
On River Road (CR 2028).
Nearly 13,000 years old, this location, near the confluence of the Delaware River and Brodhead Creek, is one of the earliest dated Native American sites in the northeastern US. Archaeological investigations uncovered hundreds of stone tools left by . . . — Map (db m86978) HM
150Pennsylvania (Philadelphia County), Philadelphia — Edward Drinker Cope
On Pine Street.
Internationally renowned vertebrate paleontologist and zoologist, Cope lived and worked here in his later years. He wrote many scientific papers describing hundreds of fossils & living animals and is famous for his long-standing feud with O.C. Marsh . . . — Map (db m82812) HM
151Pennsylvania (Philadelphia County), Philadelphia — Peale’s Mastodon, 2017American Philosophical Society Museum
On S 5th Street, on the right when traveling north.
In 1801, Charles Willson Peale excavated a mastodon skeleton in upstate New York. Afterwards, he made this painting that shows how he did it. Eventually Peale displayed the skeleton in his Philadelphia Museum. In this garden, you see an artist’s . . . — Map (db m106384) HM
152South Dakota (Fall River County), Hot Springs — 680 — The Mammoth Site of Hot Springs, SD
On Bypass U.S. 18 near South 19th Street, on the right when traveling west.
Gigantic mammoths, ancestors of the majestic elephants of today, once roamed freely on the High Plains of North America. A repository of their remains, along with other kinds of animals, lay undisturbed until their discovery over 26,000 years later, . . . — Map (db m89376) HM
153South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — A 75-Million-Year Walk
On State Highway 240.
This trail features seven types of animals that once lived in the area now known as Badlands National Park. Each of these lineages met a different fate as the climate changed. Some moved, some adapted to the changes, and some are now extinct. . . . — Map (db m114175) HM
154South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — Anatomy of a Badland
On Enter The Door Trail.
In the days when oreodonts walked this land, the rock layer before you was not rock but the muddy bottom of a streambed. Over time, those sediments hardened into the thick horizontal band of grayish red stone you see here. Thin ribbons of . . . — Map (db m137007) HM
155South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — Bands of Time
On State Highway 240.
Rock layers in Badlands National Park contain fossils that show a dramatic cooling and drying of global climate over millions of years. The oldest rock layers contain marine fossils, roughly 70 million years old, from when this area was . . . — Map (db m113124) HM
156South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — Dying to Become a Fossil
On State Highway 240.
Oredonts were common throughout the Badlands, but became extinct. Their fossil remains provide evidence of their lives and habitat. Fossils can develop over time when animal or plant remains are quickly covered in sediment and replaced by . . . — Map (db m113122) HM
157South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — It's a Dog's Life
On State Highway 240.
Dogs have changed and adapted over millions of years. Members of the dog lineage gradually evolved in to the wolf by growing longer, stronger legs and a shorter tail. This increased size led to increased strength and power to hunt food and . . . — Map (db m113177) HM
158South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — See Ya Later, Alligator
On State Highway 240.
Prehistoric alligators lived in swampy conditions, as they do today. Physically, alligators have changed mostly in size over the last several million years. Modern alligators are larger, growing up to 14 feet long. Ancient alligators grew . . . — Map (db m113092) HM
159South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — Titanic Discovery
On State Highway 240.
The discovery of this specimen led to the golden age of paleontology in North America. After acquiring this fossil from fur traders, Dr. Hiram Prout wrote about it in 1846. His description captured the attention of scientists. At that time, . . . — Map (db m113176) HM
160South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — Under the Sea
On State Highway 234.
Ammonite fossils found in the park are evidence that this area was under water 75 million years ago. Some ammonites could grow to more that three feet across and served as a food source for giant mosasaurs and other predators. The Western . . . — Map (db m113115) HM
161South Dakota (Jackson County), Interior — What a Find!
On State Highway 240.
Your fossil discovery begins a scientific process. Every detail is important, even the area around the find. A fossil and its surroundings reveal what types of plants and animals existed and how they lived, died, and changed. The . . . — Map (db m113123) HM
162South Dakota (Jackson County), Wall — Fight for Survival
On State Highway 240.
Fossils can reveal how animals lived and died, and what their environment was like. Evidence from one of the park's nimravid fossils offers crime-scene clues. The size and location of the holes in the forehead of this fossil match the knife-like . . . — Map (db m113121) HM
163South Dakota (Meade County), Faith — Sue
On East 1st Street (U.S. 212) west of 2nd Avenue East, on the right when traveling west.
This scrap iron sculpture was created to commemorate Sue, the largest, most complete and best preserved T-Rex found to date! Ninety percent of her original bones were found. Only a foot, an arm and a few ribs and vertebrae are missing. Sue was . . . — Map (db m153969) HM
164South Dakota (Minnehaha County), Sioux Falls — Inland Seas
Near North Weber Avenue 0.2 miles south of East Falls Park Drive.
(side 1) The changing of global sea levels over millions of years was a major factor in determining the ancient geography of Minnehaha County. Through much of geologic time, salty warm-water seas covered the interior of the United . . . — Map (db m124175) HM
165Texas (Brewster County), Big Bend National Park — Ancient Swamp CreaturesBig Bend National Park
On Fossil Bone Exhibit Road 0.2 miles east of Main Park Road, on the right when traveling east.
Tiny horses and hippopotamus-like animals once roamed a more humid Big Bend. For a glimpse into the parks tropical past, take a short trail to the fossil bone display and the overlook beyond. — Map (db m95632) HM
166Texas (Briscoe County), Quitaque — 3012 — Lake Theo Folsom Bison Kill Site
On Park Road 1.7 miles west of Ranch to Market Road 1065.
Stone tool fragments were discovered in 1965 and 1972 on the shores of Lake Theo, named for former landowner Theodore Geisler. Archeological testing in 1974 revealed a campsite and bison butchering and processing area dating back to the age of . . . — Map (db m155170) HM
167Texas (Fisher County), Sylvester — 82 — Adair - Steadman Site
On Farm to Market Road 1812 at Ranch Road, on the right when traveling west on Road 1812.
In this vicinity is a prehistoric archeological site discovered in 1969 near the Clear Fork of the Brazos River. Archeologists have conducted extensive scientific excavations and attribute most of the cultural materials to the Paleo-Indian Period. . . . — Map (db m81124) HM
168Texas (Hale County), Plainview — 1228 — Discovery Site of the Plainview Point(200 yards SE)
On Joliet Street 0.2 miles south of West 5th Street, on the right when traveling south.
The first of this distinctive type of early man dart point was found by 15-year-old Val Keene Whitacre in 1941, in a caliche quarry on Running Water Draw. In 1944, quarry workers uncovered a fossil bone deposit, which was noted by scientists . . . — Map (db m155149) HM
169Texas (Kendall County), Boerne — 749 — Cascade Cavern
Near Cascade Caverns Road 0.8 miles north of Scheele Road.
Probably formed during the Pleistocene epoch by the underground passage of the Cibolo River, Cascade Cavern presents an interesting mix of geological, archeological,and historical features. It exhibits a combination of the joint and the dip and . . . — Map (db m46924) HM
170Texas (Roberts County), Miami — 2039 — Fossil Beds(three miles southeast)
On U.S. 60 at Ranch to Market Road 3367, on the left when traveling west on U.S. 60.
Cited as one of most prolific fossil fields of lower Pliocene age at time of discovery, these beds are about 13,000,000 years old. Geologists of Rio Bravo Oil Company found them in 1928 on C.C. Coffee Ranch, and their reports brought specialists . . . — Map (db m55797) HM
171Texas (Somervell County), Glen Rose — 1226 — Dinosaur Tracks
On Vernon Street at Elm Street, on the right when traveling south on Vernon Street.
Formed 100,000,000 years ago, tracks of 3 kinds of dinosaurs are preserved in the limestone below Paluxy River. Types include Acrocanthosaurus (a meat-eater), Camptosaurus (plant-eater who left 3-toed bird-like tracks), and Pleurocoelus (a . . . — Map (db m137798) HM
172Texas (Ward County), Monahans — 3434 — Monahans Sandhills State Park and Museum
Near State Highway Park Road 41 0.2 miles north of Interstate 20, on the left when traveling north.
In these shifting seas of sand, rich in stone evidences of primitive men, today's visitors find flint points, sandstone metates and manos of peoples who were here as early as 10,000 years ago and late as the 1870s. Bones of great mammoths and . . . — Map (db m73307) HM
173Texas (Williamson County), Leander — 9260 — Leanderthal Lady
On U.S. 183 south of South Street.
On Dec. 29, 1982, Texas Highway Department archeologists uncovered the skeleton of a pre-historic human female at the Wilson-Leonard Brushy Creek Site (approx. 6 mi. SE). Because of the proximity of the grave site to the town of Leander, the . . . — Map (db m114979) HM
174Utah (Garfield County), Escalante — Conserving WildnessNational Treasure
On Utah Route 12 at milepost 69, on the left when traveling east.
A Place for Solitude In this vast landscape, you can immerse yourself in the sights, sounds, and textures of the natural world. Listen to a penetrating silence, broken only by the rasping call of a raven overhead. Walk amid rock formations that . . . — Map (db m146599) HM
175Utah (Grand County), Crescent Junction — Copper Ridge Dinosaur Tracksite
Near route BLM 143, 2 miles east of U.S. 191.
The Copper Ridge Dinosaur Tracksite preserves the peculiar tracks of a long-necked herbivorous dinosaur (sauropod), along with two different sizes of meat-eating dinosaur (theropod) tracks. This site stands out for being the first place in Utah . . . — Map (db m134105) HM
176Vermont (Chittenden County), Charlotte — The Charlotte WhaleThe Vermont State Fossil
On Thompsons Point Road 0.1 miles west of Greenbush Road, on the right when traveling west.
In 1849 an 11,000 year old Beluga Whale was found north of this site in what had been the Champlain Sea. Resident J.G. Thorp collected the bones, and naturalist Zadock Thompson assembled the skeleton now displayed in the Perkins Museum of Geology . . . — Map (db m75963) HM
177Vermont (Rutland County), Mount Holly — Mount Holly Railroad History
On Vermont Route 103, on the right when traveling west.
During construction of what became the Rutland Railroad, two important events occurred in Mount Holly. In 1848, a construction crew discovered the tusk and tooth of a woolly mammoth in the nearby wetland. These are on display in the Community . . . — Map (db m104493) HM
178Virginia (Fairfax County), Great Falls — American Indians of the Potomac RiverRiverbend Park — Potomac River Gorge Interpretive Trail —
Near Potomac Hills Street 0.6 miles east of Jeffery Road.
Prehistoric people arrived along the shores of the Potomac River some 13,000 years ago. Slowly they transformed from semi-nomadic hunters into farmers and fishermen. Eventually, a group called the Nacotchtanks became the dominant tribe of the . . . — Map (db m64316) HM
179Virginia (Westmoreland County), Stratford — The Stratford Cliffs
Near Stratford Hall Road (State Highway 214), on the left when traveling east.
Approximately 17 million years ago, during the Miocene Epoch, these 150-foot-high cliffs along the Potomac River formed the ancient seashore. Rich Miocene fossil deposits, which exist in the 1 1/2 -mile-long series of Horsehead, Stratford and Nomini . . . — Map (db m34585) HM
180Washington (Kittitas County), Vantage — Welcome to Ginkgo Petrified Forest State Park
Near Ginkgo Avenue 0.5 miles north of Vantage Highway.
This landscape was built by ancient lava flows and sculpted by powerful Ice Age floods. Clues to this fascinating past are all around you. Remains of a Fossil Forest The park contains hundreds of pieces of petrified wood that were . . . — Map (db m82824) HM
181West Virginia (Greenbrier County), Ronceverte — Organ Cave
On 219 at Hokes Mill Road (County Road 62), on the right when traveling west on 219.
In this cave, whose beautiful natural formations have long been known, salt petre was manufactured before 1835. When war broke out between the states in 1861, it was a source of powder supply for General Lee's army. — Map (db m76509) HM
182Wisconsin (Ozaukee County), Belgium — Limestone
Millions of years ago, Wisconsin was covered by a vast, shallow inland sea, teeming with marine life. Over time, the shells of animals such as gastropods and corals became fossilized in limestone deposits. Twelve thousand years ago during the last . . . — Map (db m119310) HM
183Wisconsin (Rock County), Beloit — 555 — Roy Chapman Andrews
Near Riverside Drive (U.S. 51) 0.2 miles north of White Avenue (Wisconsin Highway 81).
Side A Roy Chapman Andrews, one of the most celebrated explorers of the 20th century, was born in Beloit on January 26, 1884. He grew up across the river at 419 St. Lawrence Avenue. Andrews acquired a lifelong passion for the natural world during . . . — Map (db m86686) HM
184Wyoming (Albany County), Medicine Bow — Dinosaur Graveyard
On U.S. 30, on the right when traveling west.
To the north lies Como Bluff - "The Dinosaur Graveyard" - one of the greatest and well known fossil beds of dinosaur remains in the world. There paleontologist of the 19th century discovered and unearthed many excellent fossil specimens of the . . . — Map (db m89665) HM
185Wyoming (Crook County), Sundance — Paha Sapa, Black HillsGeologic History of the Lakotas' Sacred Hills
On Interstate 90.
Also known as "Temple of the Sioux," Sundance Mountain rises majestically in the southwest. It belongs to the Bear Lodge Mountain Range, which defines the northwestern edge of the Black Hills. It was named for the Plains Indians' religious . . . — Map (db m45541) HM
186Wyoming (Crook County), Sundance — Petrified TreesFossils Give Clues to Wyoming's Paleo-Past
On Interstate 90.
Giant cypress trees growing today in swamps (or forested wetlands), such as these found in Louisiana's Pointe Lake, used to grow in Wyoming back when it was a warm, subtropical swamp - about 55 million years ago during the Late Paleocene epoch. Some . . . — Map (db m45539) HM
187Wyoming (Crook County), Sundance — The Vore Buffalo JumpHunting Large Bison Took Teamwork and Ingenuity
On Interstate 90.
Located a short distance to the east and camouflaged by the red eroded landscape is the Vore Buffalo Jump. This sinkhole served early residents as a slaughterhouse. using the natural pit as a trap, hunters would capture bison in late fall by running . . . — Map (db m45537) HM
188Wyoming (Hot Springs County), Thermopolis — Ancient Red Rocks
Near Tepee Street near Big Springs Drive.
The red cliffs seen in and around the park are called the Red Peak Formation - part of the Chugwater Group. This rock outcrop is composed of fine-grained sandstone and is up to 600 feet thick. The brick red color is caused by oxidation of iron . . . — Map (db m97658) HM
189Wyoming (Lincoln County), Kemmerer — Fossil Butte
On U.S. 30 5.3 miles west of U.S. 189, on the right when traveling west.
Fossil Butte is a 50 million year old lakebed and one of the richest fossil resources in the world. It is part of the Green River Formation, a layer of rock composed of laminated limestone, mudstone, and volcanic ash. Complete paleo-ecosystems are . . . — Map (db m36624) HM
190Wyoming (Lincoln County), Kemmerer — Kemmerer Founders MonumentWyoming's Aquarium in Stone
On South Main Street at Pine Avenue, on the right when traveling east on South Main Street.
Kemmerer founded 1897 by Mahlon S. Kemmerer 1843 - 1925 and Patrick J. Quealy 1857 - 1930 — Map (db m80542) HM
191Wyoming (Sweetwater County), Green River — All Because of an Ancient LakeTrona Trail Historic Mine Byway
On State Highway 530 near Peru Cutoff Road (County Route 37), on the left when traveling south.
The bed of prehistoric Lake Gosiute (Go-shute) lies hundred of feet below you. This ancient lake set the stage of the world's largest trona and oil shale deposits as well as a significant natural gas reserve. Lake Gosiute Creates Trona . . . — Map (db m90093) HM
192Wyoming (Washakie County), Ten Sleep — Tensleep Canyon
On U.S. 16 at milepost 36, on the right when traveling east.
Ages ago, these mountains were deep within the Earth’s crust, and the area that is known today as the Bighorn Mountains was a basic. Beginning about 75 million years ago the land began to slowly rise above the sea bed reaching an elevation of nearly . . . — Map (db m97887) HM
193Wyoming (Washakie County), Worland — Colby Mammoth Kill Site
On U.S. 16 near Cactus Drive, on the left when traveling west.
Extinct species of mammoths, horses, camels, and bison roamed this area 11,000 years ago and were being killed by humans known as the Clovis hunters. South of this spot 400 meters is the location of one of the largest known Clovis mammoth kills in . . . — Map (db m97862) HM
194New Brunswick (Saint John County), Saint John — Ancient Life / D'anciennes formes de vie
Near Chesley Drive (New Brunswick Route 100) at Bentley Street, on the right when traveling north.
English: Some of the world's oldest fossils from a time long before dinosaurs have been found near here. Billion-year-old cyanobacteria lived underwater in Precambrian times and left circular shapes in the rock called . . . — Map (db m147794) HM
195New Brunswick (Saint John County), Saint John — Fossil Hunters / Chasseurs de fossiles
Near Chesley Drive (New Brunswick Route 100) at Bentley Street, on the right when traveling north.
English: Saint John was home to some of Canada's earliest fossil hunters. One great story from the 1880s tells how a young boy named Will Matthew found a gigantic trilobite — perhaps the largest ever found at that time about . . . — Map (db m147799) HM
196Newfoundland and Labrador (Division No. 9 (North Peninsula)), Flower's Cove — Thrombolites or Living Rocks
Near Newfoundland and Labrador Route 430, on the left when traveling north.
These are critically endangered microbial structures. Thrombolites-building micro-organisms resemble the earliest form of life on Earth. These organisms were the only known form of life from 3.5 billion to 650 million years ago. These are some of . . . — Map (db m79656) HM
197Newfoundland and Labrador (Division No. 9 (North Peninsula)), Sally's Cove — Green PointCambrian-Ordovician Boundary / La limite Cambrien-Ordovicien
Near unnamed road just from Newfoundland and Labrador Route 430.
English: In 2000, the global stratotype for the boundary between the Cambrian and Ordovician systems was designated here at Green Point by the International Commission of Stratigraphy. It is located within a bed of shale and limestone . . . — Map (db m79654) HM
198Ontario (Ottawa Division), Ottawa — The Woolly Mammoth / Le mammouth laineuxIcon of the Ice Age / Un symbole de l'ère glaciaire
Near McLeod Street just west of Metcalfe Street (Provincial Road 89), on the left when traveling west.
English: DNA from fossil bones reveals that the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) evolved around 350,000 years ago in North America. The life-sized replicas seen here were created by Canadian Museum of Nature sculptors . . . — Map (db m144900) HM
199Ontario (Toronto County), Toronto — William Arthur Parks 1868-1936
On Queens Park just from Bloor Street West, on the right when traveling south.
The first Director of the Royal Ontario Museum of Palaeontology, Parks was born in Hamilton and educated at the University of Toronto, from which he received a Doctorate in 1900. Initially known as an expert on "stromatoporoids", a unique group of . . . — Map (db m83663) HM
200El Salvador, San Salvador — The American HippopotamusEl Hipopótamo Americano
Near Calle El Modelo.
Toxodonte o Hipopotamo americano Mixotoxodon larensis Se originaron en Sur America y logran llegar hasta el sur de Mexico cuando se consolida el puente centroamericano, que origino el gran intercambio biótico centroamericano, hace unos tres . . . — Map (db m93000) HM

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Oct. 25, 2020