Yorktown in York County, Virginia — The American South (Mid-Atlantic)
Yorktown
The Frowning Fortress of York
— 1862 Peninsula Campaign —
“It did not seem possible that both armies could gather inspiration from the historic memories that cluster around this memorable field. The traditions of the revolution lingered here awakening in all loyal breasts sincerest hopes for the future.” - Eugene Nash, 44th New York Volunteers
The trench line to your right is all that remains of a formidable line of Confederate earthworks that once blocked this historic road and the Union army’s advance westward past Yorktown in 1862. The Confederate defensive works surrounding Yorktown, which could be seen from this spot in 1862, still exist in a relatively untouched state.
On April 5, 1862, the Army of the Potomac’s 3rd Corps advanced against Yorktown along the York-Hampton Road, hoping for a victory to end the Civil War as Gen. George Washington’s victory here 81 years earlier had ended the American Revolution. They traveled the same road British forces in 1781 had walked out of Yorktown on to surrender to Washington’s army.
With projections of over 100,000 troops holding the Confederate’s massive earthworks, Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, USA, decided to besiege Yorktown. While minor skirmishing and engagements between field batteries occurred almost daily, most of the Union army’s efforts were on building siege works. By May 3 more heavy artillery was aimed on Yorktown than had ever been massed in a single spot to that time in world history. That night, Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, CSA, who in mid-April had assumed command of Confederate forces, decided his troops could not withstand the Union bombardment and withdrew his forces. On the morning of May 4 the Army of the Potomac took possession of Yorktown, retaining control of the area for the remainder of the war.
(captions)
Rebel fortifications at Yorktown – Courtesy of Vermont Historical Society
Maj. Gen. Daniel Harvey Hill, CSA
Erected by Virginia Civil War Trails.
Topics and series. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Notable Places • War, US Civil. In addition, it is included in the Virginia Civil War Trails series list. A significant historical date for this entry is April 5, 1862.
Location. 37° 13.415′ N, 76° 30.845′ W. Marker is in Yorktown, Virginia, in York County. Marker is at the intersection of Goosley Road (Virginia Route 238) and Historical Tour Drive, on the right when traveling east on Goosley Road. The marker is within the borders of the Yorktown Unit of Colonial National Historical Park. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Yorktown VA 23690, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. Mary Aggie and the Benefit of Clergy (here, next to this marker); Outer Works (about 400 feet away, measured in a direct line); The “NECK” (approx. 0.3 miles away); Grand French Battery (approx. 0.4 miles away); Shiloh Baptist Church (approx. 0.4 miles away); a different marker also named The Grand French Battery (approx. 0.4 miles away); First Allied Siege Line (approx. 0.4 miles away); Yorktown National Cemetery (approx. half a mile away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Yorktown.
Also see . . . Yorktown in the Civil War. Yorktown Battlefield, National Park Service. (Submitted on August 18, 2008, by Bill Coughlin of Woodland Park, New Jersey.)
Credits. This page was last revised on March 19, 2022. It was originally submitted on August 18, 2008, by Bill Coughlin of Woodland Park, New Jersey. This page has been viewed 3,292 times since then and 46 times this year. Last updated on November 12, 2021, by Bradley Owen of Morgantown, West Virginia. Photos: 1. submitted on August 18, 2008, by Bill Coughlin of Woodland Park, New Jersey. 2. submitted on May 14, 2016, by Kevin W. of Stafford, Virginia. 3. submitted on November 12, 2021, by Bradley Owen of Morgantown, West Virginia. 4. submitted on August 18, 2008, by Bill Coughlin of Woodland Park, New Jersey. 5. submitted on November 12, 2021, by Bradley Owen of Morgantown, West Virginia. 6. submitted on November 6, 2021, by Bradley Owen of Morgantown, West Virginia. 7. submitted on August 18, 2008, by Bill Coughlin of Woodland Park, New Jersey. • Bernard Fisher was the editor who published this page.