Carlisle in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)

sun

Photographed By William Fischer, Jr., July 1, 2018

1. sun Marker

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sun. .

Light Pollution Reduction , Outdoor light fixtures at Lamberton Middle School are designed to direct light toward the ground or the building, rather than allowing light to escape into the sky. These fixtures focus light where it is needed and eliminate glare, which can make walking and driving at night more dangerous. Lighting is responsible for one fourth of all electricity used worldwide. Minimizing the use of nighttime lighting can result in significant savings.

Artificial light disrupts natural ecosystems. While each species is impacted differently, the overall effects are destructive. Light pollution can alter competitive interactions within an ecosystem, change predator/prey relations, and confuse navigation among nocturnal animals.

Another benefit to reducing the amount of light that spills into the sky is the greater visibility of stars in the night sky.

Refrigerant Management , Some refrigerants commonly used in a building's cooling systems are harmful to the earth's atmosphere. The refrigerants used at Lamberton Middle School were selected to minimize damage to the ozone layer and lessen contributions to global warming.

The ozone layer is a layer of ozone gas in the lower stratosphere which protects life on earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet light from the sun. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) react with ozone in the presence of sunlight and form holes in this protective layer. In compliance with the Montreal Protocol, the United States no longer permits the use of CFCs. Due to widespread acceptance of the Montreal Protocol throughout the world, the level of CFCs in the atmosphere has leveled off or decreased. If these regulations continue to be adhered to, the ozone layer is expected to repair itself by 2050. The images below [1979, 1989, 2006, 2010] from NASA show the changes in the ozone hole above Antarctica over time.

Hydroclorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are common alternatives to CFCs. While less harmful to the ozone layer, HCFCs contribute to global warming. Molecule for molecule, they are 10,000 times more potent greenhouse gases than carbon dioxide. Countries participating in the Montreal Protocol have agreed to freeze the production and use of HCFCs by 2013, and start reducing production by 2015.

Daylighting , Natural daylighting can reduce energy costs and provide a healthier, more productive working environment for teachers and students. Light monitors bring natural daylight into the corridors and cafeteria. Sun shades on the windows in the gymnasium reduce glare and shield the space from harsh, direct light. Occupancy and daylight sensors automatically adjust the level of light by brightening on overcast days, dimming on sunny days and turning off when a space is not in use.

Light Pollution Reduction
Outdoor light fixtures at Lamberton Middle School are designed to direct light toward the ground or the building, rather than allowing light to escape into the sky. These fixtures focus light where it is needed and eliminate glare, which can make walking and driving at night more dangerous. Lighting is responsible for one fourth of all electricity used worldwide. Minimizing the use of nighttime lighting can result in significant savings.

Another benefit to reducing the amount of light that spills into the sky is the greater visibility of stars in the night sky.

Refrigerant Management
Some refrigerants commonly used in a building's cooling systems are harmful to the earth's atmosphere. The refrigerants used at Lamberton Middle School were selected to minimize damage to the ozone layer and lessen contributions to global warming.

The ozone layer is a layer of ozone gas in the lower stratosphere which protects life on earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet light from the sun. Chlorofluorocarbons

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(CFCs) react with ozone in the presence of sunlight and form holes in this protective layer. In compliance with the Montreal Protocol, the United States no longer permits the use of CFCs. Due to widespread acceptance of the Montreal Protocol throughout the world, the level of CFCs in the atmosphere has leveled off or decreased. If these regulations continue to be adhered to, the ozone layer is expected to repair itself by 2050. The images below [1979, 1989, 2006, 2010] from NASA show the changes in the ozone hole above Antarctica over time.

Daylighting
Natural daylighting can reduce energy costs and provide a healthier, more productive working environment for teachers and students. Light monitors bring natural daylight into the corridors and cafeteria. Sun shades on the windows in the gymnasium reduce glare and shield the space from harsh, direct light. Occupancy and daylight sensors automatically adjust the level of light by brightening on overcast days, dimming on sunny days and

sun Marker at Lamberton Middle School image. Click for full size.

Photographed By William Fischer, Jr., July 1, 2018

2. sun Marker at Lamberton Middle School

turning off when a space is not in use.

The sun chart above shows the path of the sun through the sky over Lamberton Middle School during different times of the year. Lamberton Middle School is located at 40° north latitude. You can use the human sun dial in the pavement by standing on the appropriate month and watching where your shadow falls.

Erected by Carlisle Area School District.

Topics. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Education • Environment • Man-Made Features. A significant historical year for this entry is 2050.

Location. 40° 11.434′ N, 77° 11.323′ W. Marker is in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in Cumberland County. Marker is on the Lamberton Middle School campus. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 777 South Hanover Street, Carlisle PA 17013, United States of America. Touch for directions.

Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. Carlisle (approx. 0.2 miles away); Molly Pitcher (approx. half a mile away); Carlisle Old Graveyard Revolutionary War Soldiers (approx. half a mile away); a different marker also named Molly Pitcher (approx. half a mile away); Brigadier General William Thompson (approx. half a mile away); Gettysburg Campaign (approx. half a mile away); Major General John Armstrong (1717-1795)

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(approx. half a mile away); Old Graveyard (approx. half a mile away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Carlisle.

Regarding sun. Marker is more informational than historical, but it does contain some historical info.

Also see . . .
1. Night Skies (National Park Service). (Submitted on July 25, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)
2. Dark Skies Initiative (McDonald Observatory). (Submitted on July 25, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)
3. The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer. (Submitted on July 25, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)
4. Daylighting. (Submitted on July 25, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)
5. Lamberton Middle School, Carlisle PA. (Submitted on July 25, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)

Credits. This page was last revised on July 25, 2018. It was originally submitted on July 25, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania. This page has been viewed 221 times since then and 16 times this year. Photos: 1, 2. submitted on July 25, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.