A moveable community for four to six months along the trail… the wagon encampment typically grouped into a circle, forming a temporary corral. Around the circle, tents and bedrolls provided the shelter for exhausted pioneers. A few guards kept an . . . — — Map (db m199177) HM
The last camp on the weary journey across the Snake River plains. Here the Oregon Trail left the Snake River and wound overland to the Columbia. Here camped Wilson Price Hunt, December 23, 1811; Capt. Bonneville, January 10, 1834; Nathaniel J. . . . — — Map (db m107217) HM
The Corps of Discovery traveled thousands of miles and endured many hardships to reach the Pacific Ocean in mid-November 1895. The last sixteen miles down the Columbia River took ten days because of bad weather. The explorers huddled among the rocks . . . — — Map (db m113006) HM
The oldest American settlement west of the Rocky Mountains, dating back to Lewis & Clark.
Explore our history, natural beauty and opportunities for adventure.
For free maps and visitor information, visit one of the Astoria-Warrenton . . . — — Map (db m113011) HM
The oldest American settlement west of the Rocky Mountains, dating back to Lewis & Clark. Explore our history, natural beauty and opportunities for adventure. For free maps and visitor information, visit one of the Astoria-Warrenton Chamber Welcome . . . — — Map (db m177306) HM
[panel 1] Great Chief of the Chinook Nation, known to Lewis and Clark, honored and respected by the founding Astorians, the Northwesters and the Hundson's Bay fur traders. [panel 2] Symbolic memorial dedicated by Comcomly's . . . — — Map (db m113009) HM
Fort Clatsop built by Lewis and Clark in December 1805 for use as winter quarters was situated eight-tenths of a mile south of this point. The site was chosen because of the game in the surrounding country and because it was convenient to the coast . . . — — Map (db m113578) HM
Well after the end of the American Revolution, this vast river we call the Columbia and the entire Northwest Coast were still only vague lines on even the best European maps. But the region was home to native peoples whose ancestors had lived . . . — — Map (db m113236) HM
"The Wife of Shabone our interpreter We find reconciles all the Indians, as to our friendly intentions A woman with a party of men is a token of peace." - Clark, October 13, 1805
"...your woman who accompanied you that long and . . . — — Map (db m113553) HM
In 1804-06, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led about 40 soldiers and boatmen on an epic journey. President Thomas Jefferson commissioned this “Corps of Discovery” to find a route to the Pacific Ocean through the newly . . . — — Map (db m113581) HM
In 1804-06, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led about 40 soldiers and boatmen on an epic journey. President Thomas Jefferson commissioned this "Corps of Discovery" to find a route to the Pacific Ocean through the newly acquired Louisiana . . . — — Map (db m114094) HM
Camping on the Clearwater River in present-day Idaho, the Corps of Discovery made dugout canoes from pine logs. For expediency, Sergeant Patrick Gass noted: "we have adopted the Indian method of burning out the canoes." Axes and adzes were . . . — — Map (db m113556) HM
Here, at the end of their westward journey, the 33 members of The Corps of Discovery spent four rainy months preparing for their return to St. Louis, Missouri. The men built huts to protect themselves and their supplies. They named it "Fort Clatsop" . . . — — Map (db m113555) HM
Weary of boiled elk and dog meat, Captain William Clark and a dozen other explorers left their winter encampment at Fort Clatsop on January 6, 1806, in search of the whale beached on present day Cannon Beach. This trek was the farthest west that any . . . — — Map (db m113602) HM
On January 8, 1806 William Clark and perhaps fourteen of the famous expedition reached a Tillamook village of five cabins on a creek which Captain Clark named Ecola or Whale Creek. Three days earlier, two men sent out from Fort Clatsop to locate a . . . — — Map (db m113597) HM
The Corps of Discovery, under the command of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, established their winter quarters at Fort Clatsop on 7 December 1805. “We haveing fixed on this situation,” Clark noted, “I deturmin’d to go . . . — — Map (db m113598) HM
On January 2, 1806, the Salt Works was established by the three “salt makers” of the Lewis & Clark Expedition, Joseph Fields, William Bratten and George Gibson, who remained here until February 20, 1806. These men, assisted at times by . . . — — Map (db m113600) HM
After the Lewis and Clark Expedition was established at Fort Clatsop, members of the group camped here from January 2 to February 21, 1806. The explorers conveniently found stone to build an oven, wood to burn, fresh water to drink, elk to hunt, and . . . — — Map (db m113599) HM
Deer Island in the Columbia was named by the Lewis and Clark Expedition which stopped to dine here November 5, 1805 on its way down river. Homeward bound the explorers camped on the island on March 28,1806. Captain Clark recorded "This morning we . . . — — Map (db m194989) HM
Panel 1
Once covered by an Ice Age ocean, then home to the Diersinno (Keeassino) Indian Tribe led by Chief Cassino, this area then became the meeting grounds for all the Northwest Indians who gathered each year to hold their . . . — — Map (db m113156) HM
Lewis & Clark on the Columbia River
The Lewis and Clark Expedition made the first documented descent of the Columbia from the mouth of the Snake River to the Pacific.
This voyage strengthened the claim of the young United States to . . . — — Map (db m113157) HM
Lewis & Clark and the Corps of Discovery
In 1803, the United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from France, expanding this country from the Mississippi River west to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico north to . . . — — Map (db m113159) HM
One of the Oregon Country’s most picturesque fur-traders, Thomas McKay is buried near Scappoose.
He was a daring leader, famous storyteller and could drive a nail with a rifle ball.
A Canadian, he arrived with the Astorians as a teen-age boy; . . . — — Map (db m114416) HM
The path before you represents the Corps of Discovery's journey on the Columbia River – from its confluence with the Snake to the Pacific Ocean.
Entering the Columbia in mid-October 1805, they travelled along the river from shore to shore . . . — — Map (db m113154) HM
In 1804-06, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led 31 men and one dog on an epic journey.
President Thomas Jefferson commissioned this "Corps of Discovery" to find a route to the Pacific Ocean through the newly acquired Louisiana . . . — — Map (db m113155) HM
Working On Water
Koos No. 2 was the second of several tugboats with the Koos name to work for the Knutson Towboat Company.
Built in 1924 by Frank Lowe at his Marshfield shipyard, Koos No. 2 went to work with her . . . — — Map (db m114186) HM
The Devon privateer took his flotilla from Plymouth Harbor August 5, 1577 bound for the River Plate.
He raided Spanish shipping and treasure houses around South America, including Valparaiso, Peru and Acapulco roads.
June 5, 1579 the renamed 78 . . . — — Map (db m114250) HM
Stein's Pillar, 350 feet high and 120 feet wide, is a modern day clue to this area's ancient past.
Around forty-four million years ago, avalanches of hot ash, pumice and volcanic dust flowing from local volcanic centers filled this ancient . . . — — Map (db m64448) HM
Spanish navigators were the first to explore the North American Pacific Coast, beginning fifty years after Columbus discovered the western continents. Sebastian Vizciano saw this cape in 1603 and named it after the patron saint of the day of his . . . — — Map (db m113292) HM
Pilot Butte was a beacon for travelers.
On a day sometime in the year 1813, and Indian lookout, from one of several tribes summering in this vicinity, might have “hiked the butte” and from here observed an exploration party . . . — — Map (db m63090) HM
Peter Skene Ogden was born at Quebec in 1794. He explored Central Oregon for the Hudson's Bay Company in 1825 and in December of that year discovered Crooked River not far from this spot. He died at Oregon City in 1854.
Land for this park was . . . — — Map (db m80487) HM
On August 8th, 1850, the schooner Samuel Roberts grounded on this bar during her maiden voyage to Scottsburg as part of the Klamath exploring expedition.
She was the first recorded American Vessel to navigate the Umpqua River.
While waiting . . . — — Map (db m113339) HM
Jedediah Smith's explorations in the American West began when he was 21 and lasted until his death at age 32. He crisscrossed the region in search of beaver pelts and new travel routes. His travel journals became a foundation for the first accurate . . . — — Map (db m176970) HM
Jedediah Smith, making the first recorded overland trip from California,
followed the Oregon coast northward
and on July 13, 1828 camped with seventeen trappers on the north bank of
Smith River channel five-eights
of a
mile northeast of this . . . — — Map (db m237385) HM
Smith, Jackson & Sublette Beaver Trappers
-- In Memory of --
Thomas Daws · John Gaither · John Hanna · Abraham Laplant · Joseph Lapoint · Emmanuel Lazarus · Toussaint Marechal · Martin McCoy · Joseph Palmer · Peter Ranne · . . . — — Map (db m237193) HM
Although steel has been made for centuries, it wasn’t until the Bessemer process was introduced in the 1870s that it could be produced in quantity.
The Bridge of the Gods mural is the creation of Larry Kangas, of Beaverton, . . . — — Map (db m112267) HM
"The valley opens and we pass some very pretty
locations. Timber in a great many varieties, some
entirely new to me." Virgil K. Pringle, Oct 11, 1846 — — Map (db m152440) HM
"Make 10 miles and camp at a considerable sized creek
[Ashland Creek], the best camp we have had for several
[days.] Road very good. High mountains around."
- Virgil K. Pringle, Oct 11, 1846 — — Map (db m152442) HM
Side 1
Used for centuries by Shasta and other Native people, this low gap between the Rogue and Klamath watershed was crossed by Peter Skene Ogden, led by Shasta Guides, on February 9, 1827. With Ogden was a mounted group of Hudson’s Bay . . . — — Map (db m134504) HM
In the spring of 1846 pioneers settling in the western valleys of Oregon encouraged the opening of an alternate wagon route from the states to their settlements—one that avoided the perils of the Columbia River, and one free of control by . . . — — Map (db m128076) HM
"The roads today were excellent and the face of nature
appeared full as interesting as yesterday Followed
down Rogue River [Bear Creek] about 12 mi[le]s & camp"
-Lester Hulin, Oct 15, 1847 — — Map (db m152444) HM
We continued our journey towards Jacksonville this morning,
designing to find a suitable place to graze our cattle until we
can find a shelter for our families...we then proceeded across
a prairie...where we encamped" - William Hoffman, Oct . . . — — Map (db m152446) HM
In Honor of the Following Pioneers who in the Year
1846 Blazed the First Trail Through the Wilderness
of Southern Oregon and the Rogue River Valley
Lindsay Applegate — Robert Smith — John Jones
Jesse Applegate — Moses . . . — — Map (db m122982) HM
This park is named for Peter Skene Ogden, 1793-1854. In the fall of 1825, Ogden led a Hudston's Bay Company trapping party on the first recorded journey into central Oregon, crossing the country to the north and east into the Crooked River Valley . . . — — Map (db m67889) HM
An ancient trail passed through here as part of an extensive Indian trade network linking peoples of the Northern Great Basin and Columbia Plateau to those living west of the Cascades. Obsidian, bear grass, and slaves were transported over these . . . — — Map (db m36498) HM
The narrow gorge of Canyon Creek has long served as a travel corridor. Native Americans likely trekked this canyon for thousands of years. Alexander McLeod of the Hudson's Bay Company provided the first written account of the route in 1829, while . . . — — Map (db m112856) HM
In 1846, Jesse Applegate and fourteen others from near Dallas, Oregon, established a trail south from the Willamette Valley and east to Fort Hall. This route offered emigrants an alternative to the perilous "last leg" of the Oregon Trail down the . . . — — Map (db m114488) HM
A Pacific Railroad survey party searching for a practicable route for a railroad to connect the Sacramento Valley with the Columbia River passed near this point bound north on August 20, 1855. Lieutenant R.S. Williamson headed the party with 2nd . . . — — Map (db m112508) HM
Large lakes, lush marshes, and verdant meadows of the Klamath Basin foretold the richness of the Oregon country. Watchful against cattle being stampeded by Indians, emigrants encountered mud, rain, a lack of grazing, and other unforeseen hardships. . . . — — Map (db m112865) HM
In 1846, Jesse Applegate and fourteen others from near Dallas, Oregon, established a trail south from the Willamette Valley and east to Fort Hall. This route offered emigrants an alternative to the perilous "last leg" of the Oregon Trail down the . . . — — Map (db m112867) HM
This is Oregon's largest body of water, about 90,000 acres. Indians inhabiting its shores ("People of the Lake") lived well on wild fowl, fish and wocus seeds. The first known white visitors (1825-26) were Hudson's Bay trappers under Tom McKay and . . . — — Map (db m112525) HM
The Applegate Trail crossed the present boundary of Oregon approximately three miles southeast of here and went around the northern end of the lake which covered much of the basin, passing close to where you are now standing. The route was opened in . . . — — Map (db m112699) HM
Honorable Lindsay Applegate, son of a Revolutionary soldier with Colonial ancestry, born in Kentucky, September 18, 1808. Explorer, soldier, Trailblazer. Came to the Oregon country 1843. An Oregon Patriot, served in provisional, territorial and . . . — — Map (db m112625) HM
In 1846, Jesse Applegate and fourteen others from near Dallas, Oregon, established a trail south from the Willamette Valley and east to Fort Hall. This route offered emigrants an alternative to the perilous “last leg” of the Oregon . . . — — Map (db m112707) HM
On July Sixth 1846 fifteen pioneers who located the South Road from Fort Hale to the Willamette Valley crossed Lost River on the ledge underlying this dam.
In their memory this marker is placed by Eulalona Chapter Daughters of the American . . . — — Map (db m241971) HM
The 19th century brought significant changes to this region.
In 1843, Captain John C. Fremont explored and mapped this area.
By the 1870s, most of the region's Native American inhabitants were removed to distant reservations.
Homesteaders . . . — — Map (db m113773) HM
Summer Lake and Winter Ridge were both named in 1843 by Captain John C. Fremont, leader of a US Army Topographical Corps expedition whose ambitious goal was to explore and map the Great Basin lands of eastern Oregon, Nevada, and Utah.
On . . . — — Map (db m113808) HM
side 1
The reports of this expedition directed the migration of the western settlement toward the Oregon Country which hitherto had been merely a rendezvous for trappers.
On December 16th 1843 the expedition, while enroute . . . — — Map (db m113809) HM
In 1845 Elijah Bristow and his wife (Susannah Gabbart Bristow) left their home in Illinois and traveled overland to California. They came to Oregon in the spring of 1846, following the Hudson's Bay trappers' route to the northern Willamette Valley. . . . — — Map (db m99220) HM
The old Yaquina Bay Lighthouse established in 1871 is the earliest aid to navigation, standing within the range of the first recorded landfall made from a ship to the shores of the Pacific Northwest. Captain James Cook made this landfall on March . . . — — Map (db m113917) HM
Cape Foulweather was discovered by Captain James Cook, the English explorer on March 7, 1778.
The weather was particularly stormy on the day of his discovery (winds of 100 MPH at the cape are not unusual).
Captain Cook named the location . . . — — Map (db m113741) HM
This plaque is dedicated as a memorial to Jean Baptiste "Pomp" Charbonneau, whose personal life experience elevated him to national recognition in American History. He began his "Road of Life" on an epic journey westward. The youngest person . . . — — Map (db m106879) HM
This site marks the final resting place of the youngest member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, born to Sacajawea and Toussaint Charbonneau at Fort Mandan (North Dakota) on February 11, 1805. Baptiste and his mother symbolized the peaceful nature . . . — — Map (db m106876) HM
In Honor Of
Madame Marie Dorion
Courageous Pioneer
Devoted Ioway Mother
Early Oregon Settler
At this her final resting place
September 6, 1850 — — Map (db m114350) HM
Born about 1786 - Died 1850
Symbolic of Faith, Loyalty and Leadership
Indian Guide for Wilson Price Hunt Party
Mother of First White Child
Born in the Oregon Territory - 1811 — — Map (db m114351) HM
The prominent monolith across the river was named Beacon Rock by Lewis and Clark, November 2, 1805. It marked the beginning of tidewater for early river explorers who used it for a landmark in their journeys. The Indians say that when the Chinook . . . — — Map (db m34643) HM
Captain George Vancouver in a voyage of exploration to the Northwest coast of America ordered by the British Admiralty Office assigned Lieutenant William Robert Broughton, Commander of H.M.S. Chatham, to explore the navigable waters of the Columbia . . . — — Map (db m34495) HM
In early November 1805, the Corps of Discovery entered the upper Columbia River estuary. The western Columbia Gorge was a setting of awe-inspiring beauty. Towering cliffs rose above the river. Dense forests of cottonwood, alder, maple, and . . . — — Map (db m158626) HM
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, the two great American explores who made secure claim of the United States for the Oregon Country, passed along this stretch of the Columbia River with their Corp of Discovery on their way to the Pacific Ocean on . . . — — Map (db m158543) HM
On October 30, 1792 off the point in the Columbia River where the Sandy empties its waters, the boat crew from the H.M.S. Chatham (Vancouver's Voyages) were the first white men to sight the snowclad peak which Lt. Wm. R. Broughton named Mt. Hood in . . . — — Map (db m38388) HM
commanding the sloop, "Lady Washington" left Boston in October 1787 on a trading voyage to the West Coast of North America, seeking otter furs. To his small crew of about a dozen men, Gray soon added Markus Lopeus, who boarded at the Cape Verde . . . — — Map (db m113549) HM
Captain Robert Gray was born in Tiverton, Rhode Island, 10 May 1755. Little is known of his youth. During the American Revolution and our war with the French (1798-1801) Captain Gray commanded Letter of Marque vessels. She was Alert, another was . . . — — Map (db m203041) HM
The city of Wheeler with a commanding view of
The Nehalem Bay
has some of the most interesting pre-Oregon history beginning with Frances Drake repairing his ship in the summer of 1579 and the wreck of a 1700's Spanish galleon.
Some . . . — — Map (db m113628) HM
An 8,000 mile 28-months mission into the unknown is more of an odyssey than a trip.
The western U.S. was almost completely a mystery, and had, the year before, just doubled in size. The Corps of Discovery co-leaders Meriwether Lewis . . . — — Map (db m158688) HM
As they passed Hat Rock, the explorers were just beginning the most exciting phase of their journey... reaching their goal. .
The Corps of Discovery had endured months of hardship, especially the bitter cold and hunger in the seemingly . . . — — Map (db m158689) HM
In the first week of January, 1812, a party of trappers and traders, members of the Astor Overland Expedition, crossed the Blue Mountains in this area. Traveling afoot in bitter cold, often waist deep in snow, they were the first white men in this . . . — — Map (db m111534) HM
This land will always be home to the Cayuse, Umatilla and Walla Walla people. The land is used by and shared with relatives and neighbors such as the Palouse, Wanapum, Yakama, Wishxam, Wyam, Tenino and Nez Perce.
In 1805 and 1806, . . . — — Map (db m114101) HM
In 1855, Washington Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens and Oregon Territory Indian Superintendent Joel Palmer convened a treaty council in present-day Walla Walla, Washington with Yakama, Nez Perce, Cayuse, Umatilla and Walla Walla bands and . . . — — Map (db m114100) HM
In 1804-06, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led about 40 soldiers and boatmen on an epic journey. President Thomas Jefferson commissioned this "Corps of Discovery" to find a route to the Pacific Ocean through the newly acquired . . . — — Map (db m114092) HM
The Corps of Discovery descended the Columbia River in five dugout canoes made from pines felled at the mouth of the North Fork of the Clearwater River in Idaho.
Before McNary Dam harnessed this segment of the mighty Columbia, the river plunged . . . — — Map (db m114089) HM
Madame Marie Dorion, a Native American of the Sioux Nation, gained recognition for her endurance and courage in the early American West. As the only woman on the long and difficult Wilson Price Hunt expedition from Montreal to the wild Oregon . . . — — Map (db m111338) HM
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