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Historical Markers and War Memorials in Jefferson County, West Virginia
Charles Town is the county seat for Jefferson County
Adjacent to Jefferson County, West Virginia
Berkeley County(107) ► Washington County, Maryland(875) ► Clarke County, Virginia(75) ► Frederick County, Virginia(231) ► Loudoun County, Virginia(345) ►
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Armory workers purchased fresh vegetables, meat, and fish every Wednesday and Saturday here at the Market House. Constructed by the government near mid-century, the building that once stood here architecturally resembled the refurbished armory . . . — — Map (db m18800) HM
Harpers Ferry, Virginia - Charter from Virginia Legislature 1851
Jeremiah Fuss - 1851-1852
John C. Umseld - 1852-1853
Solomon V. Yantis - 1853-1855, 1879-1880, 1882-1885
George Mauzy - 1855-1857
Isaac Fouke - 1858-1859
Fontaine . . . — — Map (db m143935) HM
Work in the Smith and Forging Shop that stood here was dirty, smoky, noisy, and dangerous. Worse still, in the early 1800s armorers changed from skilled craftsmen - creating unique handcrafted weapons - into wage laborers tending machines for less . . . — — Map (db m23491) HM
This house was built in 1858 as quarters for the U.S. Armory paymaster's clerk and his family. This clerk helped the paymaster manage the armory's complex budget and payroll, and assisted also with the collection of government quarters' rent and . . . — — Map (db m70750) HM
The metal boat frame to your right is a replica of a collapsible boat built here for Lewis and Clark. Menwether Lewis came to the armory in 1803 to prepare for an epic cross-continent journey and oversee the construction and testing of the boat. . . . — — Map (db m20526) HM
The Potomac River races east past you with enough mountain-carving power to punch through the entire Blue Ridge to your right. Such energy easily powered the entire national armory from the early 1800s until 1861. Diverted by a dam upstream, river . . . — — Map (db m20536) HM
Only Marine killed in John Brown's Raid - October 18, 1859
Pvt Luke Quinn came from Ireland in 1835, and enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1855 in Brooklyn, NY. He was sent to sea duty, then transferred to Marine Barracks in Washington, D.C. He . . . — — Map (db m70780) HM WM
On this spot in 1838 the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) pulled into the lead in the race for transportation industry dominance with the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal (C&O). Denied across to the Maryland side of the river, the B&O struck a deal with the . . . — — Map (db m23415) HM
The B&O Railroad constructed this embankment in the 1890s, covering a large section of the original armory site and elevating their train tracks above flood levels. — — Map (db m143945) HM
Trains clanking along iron rails have echoed through Virginius Island since the Winchester & Potomac Railroad arrived here in 1836. It extended from the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad junction at Harpers Ferry 32 miles southward to Winchester. The W&P . . . — — Map (db m18981) HM
Revolutionary War Soldier
William Broadus
Born 1755
Died October 5, 1830
Lieutenant in the First Virginia Regiment
Commanded by Colonel George Gibson
Marker placed by
General Adam Stephen Chapter, NSSAR
and
Virginia Society, NSSAR . . . — — Map (db m103454) HM WM
Built in 1826 as a private residence, this Federal style house was acquired by the War Department in 1837 and became U.S. Armory dwelling No. 55. Jefferson Davis signed the deed in 1852 when the government sold the house to Armory worker James . . . — — Map (db m148859) HM
The Harpers Ferry & Shenandoah Manufacturing Company built this stone wall about 1848 as part of the hydraulic system for its two cotton mils and other shops downstream. This extensive retaining wall formed part of the berm separating the inner . . . — — Map (db m18944) HM
In 1806, workmen with hand tools widened and deepened this channel for cargo boats to bypass, or "skirt," the rapids in the Shenandoah River. Linked with many other skirting canals" en route to Washington, D.C., this passage became part of the . . . — — Map (db m18988) HM
In 1877-1888, on the former site of the Shenandoah Canal's lower locks, Thomas Savery erected this large mill to provide wood pulp for the paper industry. Ten turbines, arranged in pairs in the mill's five massive sluiceways, powered wood grinders, . . . — — Map (db m18985) HM
The power of the Shenandoah River once made Virginius Island valuable real estate. Armory Superintendent James Stubblefield purchased the island in 1824 for $15,000. Two months later he almost doubled his investment by selling the island as four . . . — — Map (db m122844) HM
Thousands of enslaved people fled to the Union lines at Harpers Ferry during the Civil War. Some of them found shelter in the "contraband camp" located near here in the shadow of John Brown's Fort. Their freedom and safety were always in . . . — — Map (db m20491) HM
Along this path lie the remains of revolutions. Six acres of the U.S. Armory at Harpers Ferry have been reduced to rubble. Buildings that buzzed with activity and innovation now lie covered with dirt. Train tracks that pushed to the edge of a new . . . — — Map (db m20475) HM
Completed in 1848 this was the armory's largest building, nearly 100 yards long. Here workers forged iron into gun barrels and parts. — — Map (db m143944) HM
These small caves carved into the shale cliffside at one time served as springhouses and root cellars for the residents of this block. The cooler subsurface temperatures of a root cellar helped preserve herbs, vegetables, and fruits in the days . . . — — Map (db m18755) HM
These weathered ruins are all that remain of St. John's Episcopal Church - one of Harpers Ferry's five earliest churches. Built in 1852 with money provided by church fairs, St. John's served as a hospital and barracks during the Civil War and . . . — — Map (db m18790) HM
The Reverend Doctor Josiah P. Smeltzer laid the cornerstone of St. John's Lutheran Church on April 30, 1850. The building was completed two years later and dedicated on August 1, 1852. Little more than seven years had passed when, at dawn on . . . — — Map (db m70794) HM
Construction of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad produced an influx of Irish laborers into the Harpers Ferry area during the early 1830's. St. Peter's Catholic Church, completed in 1833, symbolizes America's melting . . . — — Map (db m18789) HM
He laid the foundation of the National Park Service. Defining and establishing the policies under which its areas shall be developed and conserved unimpaired for future generations. There will never come an end to the good that he has done. — — Map (db m70831) HM
Thousands of blacks seeking refuge from slavery and protection behind Union lines fled to Harpers Ferry during the Civil War.
Recognizing the importance of education for former slaves, the government’s Freedmen’s Bureau began a school here . . . — — Map (db m238230) HM
The enticing smell of bread, cakes, candies, and pies undoubtedly attracted many customers to Frederick Roeder's Confectionery, making it a prosperous business from 1845 to 1861. In addition to his store, it is reported that he carried small pies to . . . — — Map (db m25151) HM
Water from the canal flowed through underground tunnels, turning water wheels and powering armory machinery before it exited through tailraces. — — Map (db m143943) HM
Female students arriving here at the Cook Hall dormitory were greeted with a welcoming letter that advised them, "Here you will come as refuge from the strangeness or perplexities of campus life. Here you will fight your battles of adjustment to . . . — — Map (db m158640) HM
The American Institute of Certified Planners
has designated
The Appalachian Trail
as a
National Planning Landmark
and
Benton MacKaye
as a
National Planning Pioneer
Conceived by Benton MacKaye in 1921 as a walking trail from . . . — — Map (db m70787) HM
The Harpers Ferry Town Bandstand or Gazebo was originally one of the structures on Island Park. This amusement park was created and operated by the B&O Railroad from 1879 to 1909 on Byrne Island in the Potomac River just below the Hilltop House. . . . — — Map (db m2936) HM
Work on the railroad and canal progressed slowly at first, but by 1834 both companies had completed construction to a point opposite Harpers Ferry. The canal had won the race to this point and it continued up the Maryland side of the Potomac. . . . — — Map (db m12062) HM
This plaque is dedicated to the John Brown raiders, a group of men led by John Brown who, at Harpers Ferry on October 17, 1859 struck a blow against slavery.
Killed at Harpers Ferry Jeremiah Anderson • Oliver Brown • Watson Brown • John Henri . . . — — Map (db m103497) HM
In this cemetery are buried George Adam Moler (1714–1783) and his wife Eve. George Adam Moler came to American on Aug. 29, 1730 with his father Ludwig Mohler, settling first in Lancaster, Penn. He moved to this area around 1758. He received a land . . . — — Map (db m1962) HM
As the railroad streaked westward from Harpers Ferry, the C&O Canal fell hopelessly behind in the race for Ohio. Burdened by a lack of building supplies and a scarcity of skilled labor, the canal encountered serious financial problems and did not . . . — — Map (db m12064) HM
Here, on August 15-19, 1906, on the Storer College campus, the Niagara Movement held their first open and public meeting on American soil. Organized by W.E.B. Du Bois and others a year earlier in Erie Beach, Ontario, Canada, the Niagara Movement . . . — — Map (db m173629) HM
The battle we wage is not for ourselves alone but for all true Americans.
W.E.B. DuBois
In 1906, the Niagara Movement held its second annual meeting on the Storer College campus.
The Niagara Movement was the first national . . . — — Map (db m70829) HM
Today's view of the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers passing through the water gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains has changed little from Meriwether Lewis' view in 1803. Lewis hoped to find a similar, accessible trade route on rivers passing through the . . . — — Map (db m18801) HM
Rail transportation in the United States began in Baltimore, Maryland on July 4, 1828, when Charles Carroll, the only living signer of the Declaration of Independence, laid the cornerstone of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
On the same day . . . — — Map (db m12060) HM
We claim for ourselves every single right that belongs to a freeborn American, political, civil and social, and until we get these rights we will never cease to protest and assail the ears of America. The battle we wage is not for . . . — — Map (db m173631) HM
In memory of
Thornton Tayloe Perry (1863 - 1954)
who acquired a major portion of Shannondale Springs
and his nephew
Thornton Tayloe Perry; II (1892 - 1981)
who had the vision to preserve Shannondale Springs
in its natural state. . . . — — Map (db m148889) HM
Townspeople hand-carved these steps into the cliff early in the 1820's to gain easier access to homes and churches in the upper town. The rock cliff is composed of Harper's shale and you will find it scattered throughout the Harpers Ferry . . . — — Map (db m13299) HM
The brick house in front of you was once part of the United States Armory complex. Prominent Armory officials lived along this street. During the Civil War, Union soldiers camped and drilled here. Inside the house they scrawled their names on the . . . — — Map (db m103605) HM
In the shadow of the United States Armory at Harpers Ferry, private industry thrived. Across this canal is Virginius Island, site of a town that once bustled with pre-Civil War businesses and the activities of 200 people. Built along the banks of . . . — — Map (db m122845) HM
Completed in 1843 the two-story building that once stood here was used "for storing iron, steel, and other supplies." During the Civil War it was also used by Union forces for storage. — — Map (db m143941) HM
Tunnels increased power. Here water from the inner basin, located off to your right, flowed through a series of underground passages. With openings smaller at the downstream end - like a nozzle on a garden hose - these tunnels increased the water's . . . — — Map (db m18942) HM
You are standing in Arsenal Square. Weapons made in the armory were carted here for storage in the two arsenal buildings from 1803 - 1861. The stone rectangle in the ground in front of you outlines the large arsenal built in 1799. Problems plagued . . . — — Map (db m143938) HM
High above the storied town of Harpers Ferry, with the tranquil waters of the Shenandoah River flowing just below, sits historic St. Peter’s Church. Deeply rooted in the rich history of the Church in West Virginia, the Civil War, and one of the . . . — — Map (db m124619) HM
Appalachian Trail (A.T.)
National Scenic Trail
Hike the Appalachian Trail from West Virginia to Maryland in just minutes by crossing the Potomac River bridge near you. The A.T. laves West Virginia here on its way from Georgia to Maine. . . . — — Map (db m150159) HM
Located directly across from the U.S. Armory, the White Hall Tavern was an 1850's community gathering place, where white males debated politics; discussed local events; and protested armory management, wages and layoffs. The tavern's close proximity . . . — — Map (db m18667) HM
Home of General Charles Lee, built on land bought in 1774. Lee, colonel in British army, resigned his commission and joined the colonists after Battle of Lexington. On this estate, the U.S. Government maintains a fish hatchery. — — Map (db m12069) HM
Home of Gen. Horatio Gates, built on land bought, 1763. Gates, once a British officer, joined the Revolutionary Army, and was the leader of the Continentals in decisive victory over Gen. Burgoyne at Saratoga. (1/2 Mi. S. W.) — — Map (db m12068) HM
Three miles west, on Opequon Creek, lived General Adam Stephen, 1754–1772. Original tract, with hunting lodge, was bought in 1750. The present mansion was built by Adam Stephen Dandridge, his grandson, in 1805. — — Map (db m1746) HM
Here, August 21, 1864, General Philip H. Sheridan's Federal forces were defeated by General Jubal A. Early. The fighting swept over such fine old estates as Harewood, Sulgrave, Tuscawillow, Cedar Lawn, and Locust Hill, still marked by shot and shell. — — Map (db m157728) HM
1½ mi. S is 1825 home of John T. A. Washington, a great nephew of the 1st president. Land part of "Harewood" plot of Sam’l Washington, a brother of George. Original site of 1780 home "Berry Hill." — — Map (db m159500) HM
Founded by free African Americans, George W. & Betty Johnson, in 1848 on 12 acres, it was the first free black community in the state. Johnsons and other families built number of homes and a log, one-room graded school, which also served as a . . . — — Map (db m238231) HM
Shepherdstown and Smithfield Turnpike Tollhouse/John Fox House
Immediately west of Rellim Farm is a mid-19th century log dwelling, and the only known surviving toll house on the old Shepherdstown and Smithfield Turnpike (previously Leetown . . . — — Map (db m148880) HM
Traveller's Rest
Traveller's Rest is the site of a pre-Revolutionary War, 1½-story limestone dwelling and several log, wood frame, and masonry outbuildings. The property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places and . . . — — Map (db m150614) HM
On the east side of WV 9 is one of the oldest standing frame (post and beam) buildings in West Virginia. It was constructed in three sections, with the oldest, 1½-story eastern section dating between 1751 and 1755. The voids between the studs . . . — — Map (db m207032) HM
Built in 1751 by Peter Burr, cousin of Aaron Burr, on a grant of 480 acres from Lord Fairfax. The house is one of the state's oldest frame structures. It is a fine example of a mid-18th century Virginia family homestead which traces its origins to . . . — — Map (db m12644) HM
This property
The Gilbert House
has been placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
by the United States
Department of the Interior
— — Map (db m157723) HM
Middleway, founded in the late 1700s, flourished as a trading center for most of the 1800s. About 1820 the Lutherans and German Reformed congregations joined together to build this church. Some years elapsed before the building was erected and . . . — — Map (db m157726) HM
Tackley Farm, originally known as Valley View, was established in 1777 when Michael Blue leased a portion of the property from original grantee, Colonel Richard Blackburn, who migrated from England and acquired over 2,000 acres in 1754. Both . . . — — Map (db m150420) HM
After the 1794 death of a stranger at Livingston Farm, mysterious noises & clippings of garments frightened Middleway residents for years. — — Map (db m157722) HM
Invasion rocked the United States during the second year of the American Civil War. In September 1862 Confederate General Robert E. Lee launched his army into Maryland - the North. Lee's first target became Harpers Ferry. He ordered "Stonewall" . . . — — Map (db m7924) HM
(Upper Panel): Battle of Harpers Ferry Invasion rocked the United States during the second year of the American Civil War. In September 1862 Confederate General Robert E. Lee launched his army into Maryland - the North. Lee's first target . . . — — Map (db m168651) HM
Accurate communication was crucial to winning the Battle of Harpers Ferry. Rivers, mountains, and miles of distance separated Confederate General "Stonewall" Jackson from his mountaintop commanders. With telegraph messaging impossible and courier . . . — — Map (db m155742) HM
This is the site of the last Civil War engagement in Jefferson County and one of the last fights involving Col. John S. Mosby’s Rangers. It also marked the end of the Independent Loudoun Rangers, a small cavalry unit recruited in 1862 from Loudoun . . . — — Map (db m59417) HM
Confederate Major General "Stonewall" Jackson faced three enemies - the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry, its formidable position on Bolivar Heights, and time. On the second day of the battle, although pummeled by a Confederate bombardment, the . . . — — Map (db m7929) HM
(Upper Panel): Setting the Trap Confederate Major General "Stonewall" Jackson faced three enemies - the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry, its formidable position on Bolivar Heights, and time. On the second day of the battle, although . . . — — Map (db m7926) HM
The house was constructed by John C. Heinz in 1924 and 1925. Heinz sold the property to Samuel C. Heinz in September of 1924, and the deed specifically mentions the house "under construction."
The house style, known as “The . . . — — Map (db m107549) HM
A distinguished clergyman, humanitarian, and civic leader in the community. Bishop Baltimore served as Senior Bishop & General President of the King’s Apostle Holiness Church of God, Inc. He was Pastor of The Baltimore Temple Church for 51 . . . — — Map (db m2030) HM
This station structure was erected in 1839 by landowner Richard Duffield, in cooperation with the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. It is the oldest surviving purpose-built freight/passenger rail station in the United States, and is listed on the . . . — — Map (db m157741) HM
The Federal offensive in the Shenandoah Valley begun in May 1864 faltered in the summer with Confederate victories and Gen. Jubal A. Early's Washington Raid in July. Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan took command in August, defeated Early at . . . — — Map (db m206976) HM
Within these grounds is the home of General William Darke (1736-1801), who served as officer in American Revolution and in St. Clair's 1791 expedition against Miami Indians in Ohio. He served as delegate to the Virginia Convention called 1788 to . . . — — Map (db m5347) HM
In this community resided William Darke, soldier-statesman, who began his career of selfless service to our nation in the French and Indian Wars. In 1777, he was captured at Germantown, Pa., remaining imprisoned aboard ship in New York harbor for . . . — — Map (db m158805) HM
The Hockensmith Apple Storage Building, constructed circa 1900-1910, is one of the few remaining commercial buildings in the area reflecting the Eastern Panhandle's significant orchard industry. The area's underlying limestone bedrock forms a red . . . — — Map (db m207033) HM
The Federal offensive in the Shenandoah Valley begun in May 1864 faltered in the summer with Confederate victories and Gen. Jubal A. Early's Washington Raid in July. Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan took command in August, defeated Early at . . . — — Map (db m238787) HM
118th Pennsylvania Infantry.
Corn Exchange Regiment.
Colonel Charles M. Prevost, Commanding.
(September 20, 1862)
The 118th Pennsylvania Infantry (737 men) crossed the river by the Ford south of this and was ordered into position on . . . — — Map (db m1961) HM
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. . . . — — Map (db m1957) HM
In memory of the many patriots from Shepherdstown and vicinity who sacrificed their lives in the struggle for American Independence
1775 - 1783 — — Map (db m157758) WM
On September 20, 1862, following the battle of Antietam, a small Union force under Maj. Charles Lovell engaged Confederates under Gen. A.P. Hill at this Potomac River ford, ending Maryland Campaign of Gen. R.E. Lee. 118th Pennsylvania had heavy . . . — — Map (db m157753) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's smashing victory over Union Gen. John Pope at the Second Battle of Manassas, Lee decided to invade Maryland to reap the fall harvest, gain Confederate recruits, earn foreign recognition of the . . . — — Map (db m157752) HM
Built by Col. Joseph Van Swearingen
American Revolutionary Soldier
Visited by Lafayette, George Washington, Henry Clay and Wm. J. Bryan
Home of Henry Shepherd V. Descendant of Shepherdtown's founder — — Map (db m70863) HM
This crossing of the Potomac was known as Boteler’s, Blackford’s or the Shepherdstown Ford. By it five Divisions of the Army of Northern Virginia, coming from Harper's Ferry, crossed into Maryland, September 16 and 17, 1862, and marched to the . . . — — Map (db m242724) HM
The Army of Northern Virginia, Gen. R. E. Lee Commanding, crossed Blackford’s Ford during the night of September 18, 1862, and on the morning of the 19th took up its line of march in the direction of Williamsport. Lawton’s and Armistead’s Brigades . . . — — Map (db m1959) HM
Early in the morning of September 20, movements were made by General McClellan to ascertain the position of the Army of Northern Virginia. Maj. Charles S. Lovell’s Brigade (1st and 6th, 2d and 10th, the 11th and 17th U. S. Infantry) Sykes’ Division, . . . — — Map (db m1951) HM
