One of history’s great but little celebrated rides was made between midnight December 21st and Christmas night December 25th in the year 1866. From here at Fort Phil Kearny, where annihilation of Fetterman’s force had left the garrison in desperate . . . — — Map (db m87700) HM
. . . you dress lightly because the weather is clear. You are carrying your recently issued seven shot Spencer repeater and a saber. Lt. Grummond will command and he carries a saber and revolver. Wheatley and Fisher, who are with you, carry 15 . . . — — Map (db m87522) HM
. . . your preparations for the battle began two weeks ago when some leaders, including Red Leaf, High Back Bone and Black Leg, determined that the soldiers from the Buffalo Creek Fort could be ambushed. At your main camp on the Tongue River two . . . — — Map (db m87526) HM
. . . you are part of a detail formed this morning consisting of 49 men from companies A, C, E, and H of the 18th Infantry Regiment, you are told you will relieve a wood train under attack on Sullivan Hill for the third time in three weeks. On . . . — — Map (db m87520) HM
… the command retreats up the hill to this point, stopping only once or twice to fire at the pursuing warriors. Civilians Wheatley and Fisher, along with some non-commissioned officers, are making a stand 250 yards to the north, slowing the . . . — — Map (db m87523) HM
. . . you and fellow warriors prepare for battle. You wear your fines dress which includes your war shirt. The war pony you selected is painted and readied for battle as well. All of this preparation will give you spiritual strength and . . . — — Map (db m87528) HM
. . . one of the Cheyenne members of the decoy party, is with you. He is riding a black horse belonging to Little Wolf, his brother, and is wearing Sweet Medicine Chief’s scalp shirt. His horse, tired from decoying the soldiers, stumbles . . . — — Map (db m87524) HM
Because of a healthy climate plus a short existence, Phil Kearny’s cemetery might have remained an almost vacant place. But warfare prevented that idea. Here rested eighty-one victims of Fetterman’s impetuosity; three heros of the masterful Wagon . . . — — Map (db m87703) HM
. . . like you, will die today. History will record that he is of German descent and a combat veteran of the Civil War and Plains Indian Wars. Two weeks ago, on December 6th, he helped Col. Carrington rescue Lt. Grummond from certain death. . . . — — Map (db m87525) HM
. . . you are joined by 27 more soldiers of Company C, 2nd U.S. Cavalry, under the command of Lt. George Grummond. Captain Fred Brown and two civilian volunteers, James Wheatley and Isaac Fisher, also join up. Your detail heads up Piney Creek . . . — — Map (db m87521) HM
On this field on the 21st day of December, 1866, three commissioned officers and seventy six privates of the 18th U.S. Infantry, and of the 2nd U.S. Cavalry, and four civilians, under the command of Captain Brevet-Lieutenant Colonel William J. . . . — — Map (db m85998) HM
On July 3, 1908, Henry B. Carrington, Frances Grummond Carrington and veterans of the Fort Phil Kearny garrison attended a memorial ceremony to dedicate this monument. Colonel Carrington and others recounted the events surrounding the battle of . . . — — Map (db m87407) HM
has been designated a Registered National Historic Landmark Under the provisions of the Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935 this site possesses exceptional value in commemorating and illustrating the history of the United States. U.S. Department . . . — — Map (db m87402) HM
The Land
The land under view where the Great Plains meets the Rocky Mountains was once the Red Man's land of milk and honey, then as now teaming with wildlife. It was a most productive--thus favorite--hunting ground. But it was also a . . . — — Map (db m153150) HM
. . . the soldiers are surrounded and defeated. You begin gathering used arrows, soldier weapons, loose horses and tending your injured. Some warriors were hit by accident when warriors attacked from both sides of the trail. Other warriors . . . — — Map (db m87531) HM
All military posts had laundresses, with some having poor reputations as ladies-of-the-night, or for conducting shady activities. This may not have been the case at Fort Phil Kearny. There were four to five laundresses at this fort, each assigned . . . — — Map (db m87657) HM
Documented archaeology began at Fort Phil Kearny in 1961 and reoccurred in 1970, 1991-92, 1999 and 2000. The initial work was done by Gene Galloway who salvaged artifacts during the county road construction. In 1970-71 George Frison studied the . . . — — Map (db m87667) HM
Lodge Trail Ridge divided the drainages of both Piney Creeks with the drainage of Peno (now Prairie Dog) Creek. Up this divide, north beyond Phil Kearny, climbed the Bozeman Trail on its route to Montana. There, December 21, 1866, in violation of . . . — — Map (db m87698) HM
< Marker #1 : >
By 1866, Twenty Years of Confrontation . . . . . . had occurred on the Northern Plains. Indian tribes clashed over the vast resources of food, water and grass. European Americans pressured all the tribes on the quest . . . — — Map (db m87421) HM
Officers Row was a group of seven to ten non-descript log structures providing housing for officers and their families. They were probably a combination lumber, log, canvas, and dirt construction with one room, seldom larger than 24 by 30 feet. . . . — — Map (db m87619) HM
Pilot Hill – overlooking Piney and Little Piney Creek Valleys, the Bozeman Road, the Sullivant Ridge with its wood roads was a constantly manned lookout. From this post the sentry signaled to the Fort news of events as they occurred – . . . — — Map (db m87702) HM
In honor of John (Portugee) Phillips who Dec. 22-24, 1866, rode 236 miles in sub-zero weather through Indian infested country to Fort Laramie to summon aid for the garrison of Fort Phil Kearny beleaguered by Indians following the Fetterman . . . — — Map (db m86069) HM
1867 quartermaster inspections of Fort Phil Kearny indicated the poor condition of many of the buildings on post and that they needed rebuilding. These included the barracks, officer’s quarters, post headquarters and more. The post commander’s . . . — — Map (db m87621) HM
In 1863, a party led by John Bozeman blazed a trail from the North Platte River, northwest across the Powder River Basin and along the foothills of the Big Horn Mountains to the gold fields of Montana. Established in violation of the 1851 . . . — — Map (db m86159) WM
The mission of the Fort Phil Kearny garrison was to guard travelers on the Bozeman Trail, but it soon became apparent that the guards would also need protection. Therefore, on July 13, 1866, Captain Tenador Ten Eyck began building a fort which had . . . — — Map (db m87405) HM
As explained in No. 1 of this series, wood was the life blood of Fort Kearny. The founding soldiers had carried into this wilderness a sawmill. It was set up without the walls of the stockade as here illustrated. And here, as supplied by logs . . . — — Map (db m87701) HM
Fort Phil Kearny, built of wood and fueled by wood, required a never ending supply of wood. A supply obtained despite hostile activities by Sioux and Cheyenne. Source was the “Pinery” four miles west against the mountains. The route . . . — — Map (db m87691) HM
The 18th Infantry’s 40-piece Regimental Band was housed at Fort Phil Kearny in a 24 by 64 green log, panel constructed, dirt roofed barrack. The band provided drummers and buglers for drill, ceremony, and combat commands during the day. In the . . . — — Map (db m87629) HM
As shown above, so ran, through treaty guaranteed Indian Land, a white man’s route of commerce. Like any road it was an environment and ecology disturbing intrusion. Which, in this case, made it a challenge bound to produce a redman’s reaction . . . — — Map (db m87704) HM
The Bozeman Trail was established in 1863 by John Bozeman and John Jacobs as a shortcut to the Montana goldfields. It started from Virginia City, at Adler Gulch, in Montana, heading southward across Wyoming and the Powder River country where it . . . — — Map (db m87519) HM
It is a false perception that the frontier posts of the American West were garrisoned with large troops of cavalry. Actually a post’s usual population was largely infantry with a few cavalry for support, reconnaissance, escort, or mail delivery. . . . — — Map (db m87641) HM
Because the regulations would not allow non-military dependent civilians to reside inside Fort Phil Kearny, several civilian dwellings existed outside the post stockade on the valley plain below, and in the Quartermaster corral to the south. These . . . — — Map (db m87638) HM
The average age of an enlisted man in the United States Army was twenty-three years old. Although Fetterman’s command included veterans of the Civil War, many of the men were inexperienced in Indian warfare and had limited training with their . . . — — Map (db m87514) HM
Plains Indian warriors varied in age from teens into their thirties. Being superb horsemen and skilled marksmen with bow and arrow, these warriors used their athletic skills and knowledge of the terrain to trap their enemies. Although they often . . . — — Map (db m87515) HM
Upon hearing rifle volleys north of Lodge Trail Ridge, Col. Carrington sent Captain Tenodor Ten Eyck with a relief column of 75 men to assist Fetterman. After the battle, Ten Eyck’s testimony described the discovery of a valley full of Indians in . . . — — Map (db m87532) HM
Before you lies the frame of a LANE & BODLEY sawmill. This was one of two steam-driven sawmills brought west for Colonel Carrington’s command. The sawmills were used to cut lumber into boards for construction of buildings, furniture and other . . . — — Map (db m87705) HM
Even though Fort Phil Kearny, like most frontier posts, had plenty of use for a jail, this was not the main function of the Guardhouse. The 50 by 32 foot, shingled building with a brick chimney, was used primarily for guard-mount. Guard-mount was . . . — — Map (db m87637) HM
. . . at Fort Phil Kearny was seldom successful at either of its two hospitals. The original hospital was a 24 by 84 foot structure similar to the barracks in construction. During this hospital’s short service it sadly served as the morgue for . . . — — Map (db m87624) HM
All military posts had a magazine for storing munitions. At Fort Phil Kearny the Magazine was 16 by 16 feet, with a 11 foot dirt covered ceiling and it was buried eight feet in the southwest quadrant of the parade ground. It is referred to in . . . — — Map (db m87644) HM
From this building the commander of the Mountain District of the U.S. Army issued orders to Forts Phil Kearny C.F. Smith, and Reno. The Mountain District was made up of the 2nd Battalion 18th Infantry until 1867 when it was reorganized into the . . . — — Map (db m87633) HM
While not as well built and fortified as the military stockade to the north, the quartermaster’s stockade provided protection for the Quartermaster Department’s supplies, draft animals, work shops and civilian employees. Most of the supplies . . . — — Map (db m87647) HM
Even the most remote of frontier posts could not do without its Sutler Store. Fort Phil Kearny’s was established and built by John Kinney in partnership with others, including one Fenn Burnett. The building was 24 by 64 feet and constructed in a . . . — — Map (db m87631) HM
Fort Phil Kearny State Historic Site is administered by the Wyoming State Parks and Historic Sites Department and supported by the Fort Phil Kearny/Bozeman Trail Association. All parties are committed to the preservation and interpretation of the . . . — — Map (db m87673) HM
The Fetterman Fight was a clash of forces using different warfare tactics. In 1866, the military used Civil War tactics of massed soldiers formations under a central command using concentrated gunfire. The skirmish lines had men placed at . . . — — Map (db m87517) HM
Officers generally carried Models 1860 Colt or 1858 Remington .44 caliber revolvers. They also carried M-1860 Light Cavalry sabers, like the cavalry. An Infantry Soldier carried a Springfield Model 1863 rifle-musket, .58 caliber. He was . . . — — Map (db m87518) HM
. . . the soldiers from Peno Creek. They retreat south up the hill along their road. A small group of them stop among some rocks to the north. Their fast shooting guns slow the attack, causing many casualties. The remaining soldiers retreat . . . — — Map (db m87529) HM
Big Horn grew up as one of the main communities along the stage route in Sheridan County. The first Big Horn Post Office was established in 1879 at Thomas Creighton's ranch two miles northeast of Big Horn. In 1881, Creighton sold his ranch, and the . . . — — Map (db m91401) HM
Near here emigrants traversed the Bozeman Trail, 1864-68 to Virginia City, Montana gold mines. Confronted with hostile Indians unwilling to share their hunting grounds, the trail became known as the "Bloody Bozeman" and was discontinued. . . . — — Map (db m91423) HM
During the 1880s, as Sheridan County was settled and railroads steadily advanced through Wyoming, stagecoach operations changed from long-distance interstate service between railheads to a network of shorter routes connecting rail terminal and . . . — — Map (db m91425) HM
410 Bridge Street
Dayton, Wyoming 82836
"Built in 1935-35 for the Town of Dayton by the WPA & the CCC"
National Register of Historic Places
Wyoming Place No. 1338 — — Map (db m91336) HM
In the process of uplift, which created the Big Horn Mountains, faults and fractures formed in the rocks. The thick layers of limestone in this area were fractured parallel to the valley. When a section of the Earth’s crust sank, huge chunks broke . . . — — Map (db m88164) HM
Mrs. Susan Wissler, on May 9 1911, was elected mayor of Dayton, Wyoming, then a community of about 175 people. She served two terms of two years each. Her administration was marked by civic improvements and community betterment as her campaign . . . — — Map (db m91335) HM
About 500 million years ago the air and land were warmer, and seas covered all of Wyoming including the area you see. You would not recognize any animal life at that time. None of it lived on the land. Then around 75 million years ago, the earth’s . . . — — Map (db m88162) HM
Across the road is a thrust fault / syncline formation, exposed by the road cut. The fault occurred when pressure caused the rock layers to push up creating the non-conforming layers and downward fold (syncline). The Big Horn Mountains reached . . . — — Map (db m88160) HM
On June 25, 1991, the trees in this are blew down in a windstorm event which meteorologists define as a "Traveling Microburst." Approximately 1,100 acres were affected along an 8 mile path. This microburst began on Highway 14 near Granite Pass and . . . — — Map (db m153237) HM
Pass Post Office was established alongside the stage road in 1888 by Thurston W. Akins on his homestead on Twin Creek, five and a half miles northwest of Ohlman and three quarters of a mile south of the Wyoming-Montana line. The post office served . . . — — Map (db m91426) HM
At this site on Tongue River, August 29, 1865, Brigadier General Patrick E. Connor. 125 cavalrymen, and 90 Indian scouts attacked an Arapaho village of several hundred lodges. After a swift night march, Connor’s men surprised and stormed the . . . — — Map (db m86053) HM
In 1865 General Patrick E. Connor led the “Powder River Expedition” into this area. This expedition was a part of a broad military program to bring the Indians north of the Platte River under control and halt their depredations along the . . . — — Map (db m92720) WM
Here Aug. 29,1865, troops and Indian scouts commanded by Gen. P.E. Connor destroyed an Arapahoe Indian village. Erected by The Historical Landmark Commission of Wyoming 1936 — — Map (db m86892) HM
Ranchester was established in 1894. The McShane Tie Company used it as a shipping point for railroad ties. These ties were cut and hewn by hand in the Big Horn Mountains. They then floated down a six mile flume to the Tongue River. . . . — — Map (db m88159) HM
Bingham Post Office and stage station on the Rock Creek stage line was located from 1879 to 1885 at Benjamin F. Smith’s ranch on the north side of the Tongue River, where the stage road crossed. The site is in a field west of the ranch buildings, . . . — — Map (db m86278) HM
On this site during the early morning hours of August 29, 1865, General Patrick Edward Connor led over 200 troops in an attack on Chief Black Bear’s Arapaho village. Connor had departed from Fort Laramie on July 30th with 184 wagons, a . . . — — Map (db m86058) HM
Historically, this area of the Tongue River served as a trail and stage road crossing. The Boseman Trail, road to the Montana gold fields, crossed here beginning in 1864. The Bozeman cut through the Powder River Basin, violating the Fort . . . — — Map (db m86276) HM
A moderate climate shelters this land from the harsh winds and extreme temperatures familiar to much of Wyoming. Excellent grass and pure water drew both Indians and cattlemen to this country. The original Red Angus breed of cattle was . . . — — Map (db m89016) HM
The abundance of Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep led the Indians to name this mountain range after these majestic animals. The Big Horn Mountains are a wildlife viewing paradise. Several native Indian tribes competed with each other and later with . . . — — Map (db m89010) HM
Presented By
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company
June 10, 1962
Class 0-5-A Mohawk 4-8-4 Type Highspeed
Combination Passenger or Freight
Built in 1940 by C.B.&Q. R.R. Co. shop
Length of Locomotive and Tender: 106' 5" . . . — — Map (db m91368) HM
Dedicated to the memory of
General George Crook
his gallant soldiers and
scouts who, in June, 1876,
camped in the valley of
the Goose Creeks on the
present site of Sheridan
while waiting for their
Crow and Shoshoni . . . — — Map (db m91393) HM
"Buffalo Bill" Cody led the Grand March celebrating the opening of the Inn in 1892 and was part-owner of this unique building for about eight years. The first telephone and electric lights in Sheridan were in the Inn.
The Inn was built by the . . . — — Map (db m91367) HM
You are Standing Near Acme
(the former Acme townsite was located southeast of the existing power plant structure.)
In 1907, A.K. "Archie" Craig and Ora Darnell created the Acme Coal Company. By 1911, the company had opened Acme 1 . . . — — Map (db m189698) HM
Immigrants working in the mines shaped Sheridan County's rich cultural identity Although the majority of immigrants came from Poland, over 20 nationalities were represented in the Sheridan County mines. Many Polish food dishes, drinks, and . . . — — Map (db m189688) HM
You Are Standing Near Carneyville/Kleenburn
The Carney Coal Company opened the Carney Mine in 1904 and established the company town of Carneyvlle. The town, described as neat and in excellent repair, boasted that it was never the point of . . . — — Map (db m189695) HM
Beginning in July 1878 the U.S. Postal Service awarded contracts to stage lines to operated mail and passenger service on start route 37110 between Rock Creek, on the Union Pacific Railroad in southeastern Wyoming, and Northern Pacific Railroad . . . — — Map (db m91430) HM
Founded only a few years after removal of Native American tribes from the Powder River Basin, the town of Sheridan retains the atmosphere of a bustling late 19th/early 20th century western town. The original downtown was platted in 1882 by John D. . . . — — Map (db m86160) HM
The holes in the ground pictured in this image are the result of underground mine subsidence. Subsidence occurs when a mine roof collapses, making a sinkhole on the land surface. These cave-ins endanger human and animal life through the potential . . . — — Map (db m189693) HM
Stretching north from Sheridan for about 15 miles, the Black Diamond Trail highlights Sheridan County mining districts that were integral to the settlement and development of the city and county of Sheridan. Although the peak of activity was the . . . — — Map (db m91450) HM
Stretching north from Sheridan for about 15 miles, the Black Diamond Trail highlights Sheridan County mining districts that were integral to the settlement and development of the city and county of Sheridan. Although the peak of activity was the . . . — — Map (db m189700) HM
What Began with "Wagon Mines" ...
Ranches in Sheridan County accessed outcrops of coal with pick and shovel as early as 1880. Known as "wagon mines" because people loaded the coal directly into wagons, these mines served the local . . . — — Map (db m91454) HM
You are Standing Near Kooi
Peter Kooi (pronounced "Coy) established the Kooi Mine in 1906, making it the only area coal mine established by an individual and not a company. Soon after, he organized a modern mining camp, where he promoted . . . — — Map (db m189704) HM
Jim Bridger first came west in 1822, working in the fur trade until that industry declined. He traveled throughout the west, becoming an expert on the Indians and the land. After working as a trader, he established the Bridger Trail through the . . . — — Map (db m86164) HM
The warfare and enmity which existed for generations between the
Cheyenne and Absaroka Nations
was solemnly terminated here on July 20 1932 when the chiefs of both Nations smoked the Pipe of Peace and took each others hands in friendship. . . . — — Map (db m91449) HM
In early 1910, Albert Emanuel and William Sullivan of the Electric Street Railway of Dayton, Ohio, proposed to build and operated an electric streetcar system in Sheridan. The proposed line would run through Sheridan and serve as a direct line to . . . — — Map (db m91366) HM
Welcome to Monarch
Mr. Stotts and Mr. Edleman founded the Monarch Mine in 1903, and L.H. Brooks, William C. Ervine, and J.B. Kendrick, future Wyoming U.S. senator and governor, later consolidated it. Mining began to decline in the early . . . — — Map (db m189689) HM
Inside the corral the small body of soldiers expected defeat and the same fate as Fetterman’s command. As they took up positions of their choosing, between, behind, or inside the wagon boxes, the men prepared for the worst. Some removed their shoe . . . — — Map (db m87381) HM
By 1868 the Union Pacific Rail Road had been completed through southern Wyoming and northern Utah and a new shorter road ran north to the southwestern Montana gold fields. The Bozeman Trail became obsolete. The U.S. Government once again sought . . . — — Map (db m87399) HM
By the end of the fight the Indians, through the heroics of fellow warriors, managed to remove all but one or two of their dead and wounded from the battlefield. These were taken to a spring near the present day Fish Hatchery for cleansing and . . . — — Map (db m87396) HM
On August 2, 1867, 51 men of Company C, 27th Infantry under the command of Captain James Powell and Lieutenant John Jenness are assigned to the wood cutting detail. Fourteen of these men escort a wood train toward the fort. Another 13 are . . . — — Map (db m87375) HM
Over the years a controversy has arisen about the exact location of the Wagon Box Corral, Indian casualties and the length of the battle. The most disputed fact is the location of the corral. In the early 1900’s area residents brought survivors of . . . — — Map (db m87398) HM
In July, 1867, many Lakotas of the Ogalala, Miniconjou and Sans Arc tribes gathered with the Cheyennes along the Rosebud Valley to participate in the sacred Sun Dance ceremony. After fulfilling the religious duties, the headmen and fighting chiefs . . . — — Map (db m87368) HM
The Indian leaders had hoped the soldiers would pursue a small decoy party of warriors led by Hump into an ambush, but the soldiers refused to follow, and the last pickets retreated safely into the corral after wounding the Ogalala warrior . . . — — Map (db m87385) HM
This monument is erected to perpetuate the memory of one of the famous battles of history. It is dedicated to the courage and bravery of twenty-eight soldiers in Company C, 27th United States Infantry, and four civilians, who held their . . . — — Map (db m86050) HM
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