From the 1840's, this building stood among others of its type at this historic downtown intersection. Known traditionally as "Kinfolks' Corner," the area was the meeting place for generations of citizens from Columbus and neighboring Alabama . . . — — Map (db m101317) HM
On the summit of the rise to the east is the site of "Torch Hill", home of Dr. Francis Orray Ticknor (1822-1874), author of the famed war story, "Little Giffen of Tennessee". Dr. Ticknor was a physician at the Confederate Hospital on Upper Broad St. . . . — — Map (db m49073) HM
“Way Down in Columbus, Georgia,
Wanna be back in Tennessee,
Way down in Columbus Stockade,
Friends have turned their back on me.”
The “Columbus Stockade Blues” by Thomas Darby and Jimmie Tarlton, was written and . . . — — Map (db m43077) HM
Gertrude Pridgett “Ma” Rainey, 1886-1939, famed “Mother of the Blues”, lived in this house after 1935, during retirement in her native city. In 1904 she introduced “blues” as part of her traveling act. For 30 years her performances contributed to . . . — — Map (db m42592) HM
A dwelling has existed at 527 First Avenue since 1831 when Alfred Iverson wed Julia Forsyth, daughter of Georgia Governor John Forsyth. Elected to Congress in 1846, Iverson served in the Senate until Georgia seceded from the Union. Two sons served . . . — — Map (db m22408) HM
Augusta Jane Evans Wilson, author of St. Elmo and other popular Victorian novels, was born May 8, 1835, in "Wildwood" the early Georgian home northeast of this marker. She was the daughter of Sarah Howard and Matthew R. Evans.
This historic . . . — — Map (db m42359) HM
Side 1:
In October 1918, the Infantry School of Arms was established on 80 acres of land near here. Camp Benning, later Fort Benning, was named in honor of Confederate Infantry General Lewis Benning, a Columbus resident. The camp’s first . . . — — Map (db m23176) HM
Situated on a lot that was part of Edward Lloyd Thomas’ original 1828 plan for the city, this c. 1870 Victorian townhouse is the only one of its design in Columbus. Among the families which inhabited this house was that of Stirling Price Gilbert . . . — — Map (db m22940) HM
Side 1:
Alma Thomas, nationally known African-American artist, was the eldest of four daughters born to John Maurice Thomas and Amelia Whitaker Cantey. Highly cultured and socially involved, the Thomas family owned this Victorian home . . . — — Map (db m58269) HM
Augusta Jane Evans (Wilson), one of the most popular American novelists of the nineteenth century and a native of Columbus, at the age of fifteen wrote her first novel, "Inez: A Tale of the Alamo," as a Christmas gift for her father. She is . . . — — Map (db m101321) HM
Side 1
Baker High School, originally Baker Village School, opened in 1943 to serve primarily military and Muscogee County students. It was named for Newton D. Baker, U.S. Sec.
of War during World War I. During World War II the school contained a . . . — — Map (db m173498) HM
South face
At 8:00 P.M. Easter Sunday, April 16, 1865, Federal forces, trying to secure the crossing of the Chattahoochee River, attacked strong defences near Columbus, Georgia. In the face of heavy musketry and artillery fire, the . . . — — Map (db m101340) HM WM
Unaware of Robert E. Lee's surrender,
General James H. Wilson's Union
Cavalry swept across Alabama as boys
and old men tried to defend Columbus.
Cannon from the C.S.S. Chattahoochee,
similar to nearby replicas, were mounted
here to . . . — — Map (db m101488) HM
In 1890, Augusta Howard founded the Georgia Woman Suffrage Association in Columbus at her family's antebellum mansion. It was Georgia's first organized effort to gain the vote for women. In 1894, Howard persuaded the National American Woman . . . — — Map (db m173538) HM
Son of Ernest and Emily Winship Woodruff. Honored citizen, noted industrialist and philanthropist, a Georgian of universal friendships and acclaim. Through his vision and leadership the product “Coca-Cola” became the world’s refreshment. . . . — — Map (db m17808) HM
For millions of years, the Chattahoochee River flooded its banks, dropped its silt, and created vast deposits of clay. Because of this accumulation of clay, brick making began south of Phenix City at least as early as 1940. The Bickerstaff family . . . — — Map (db m101353) HM
Born in Columbia County, Georgia, on April 2, 1814, Henry L. Benning attended Franklin College prior to practicing law in Columbus. As a local attorney and state Supreme Court Judge, Benning played an active role in Georgia’s secession in 1861. . . . — — Map (db m57107) HM
Built 1887 by Dr. William L. Bullard, Columbus physician and pioneer ear, eye, nose and throat specialist, this house is a splendid example of Second Empire Victorian architecture. It was designed by L.E. Thornton of New York.
The Bullard . . . — — Map (db m44423) HM
Calhoun-Griffin-Mott House
A beautiful mansion once stood at this riverfront location. This opulent urban home overlooking the Chattahoochee River and adjacent to a busy
manufacturing district was sequentially the residence of three of the . . . — — Map (db m217745) HM
Camp Benning established on this site in 1918 as the U.S. Army infantry school. Originally embracing 85 adjoining acres in 1919, the garrison was permanently located nine miles southeast of Columbus and is now designated Fort Benning. — — Map (db m223053) HM
Main entrance to site of Camp Conrad, where a brigade of 3,500 troops was stationed in the winter of 1898-99 (Spanish-American War). Camp site occupied space between Third and Sixth Avenues and 29th and 33rd Sts. Brigade was composed of 160th . . . — — Map (db m42184) HM
The family of author Carson McCullers moved to this house in 1927. Here Lula Carson Smith spent her formative years 10-17 and here she began to write, putting on shows in the two sitting rooms, using the sliding doors as curtains and drafting . . . — — Map (db m43085) HM
With her critically acclaimed first novel, "The Heart is a Lonely Hunter," published at age twenty - three, Carson McCullers was on her way to becoming one of the most widely read writers of her time. Born Lula Carson Smith in Columbus, McCullers . . . — — Map (db m101320) HM
Front:
This is the mother church of Roman Catholicism in this area, serving as the only Catholic Church in Columbus from 1880 to 1958. The first Catholic church, the Church of Sts. Philip and James, was built in 1835 on what is now Chapel . . . — — Map (db m43639) HM
In memory of their comrades
who lost their lives
in a railroad wreck near Columbus, GA.
Nov. 22, 1915.
Reverse
We’ll not forget thee, we who stay
To work a little longer here.
Thy name, thy faith, . . . — — Map (db m101662) HM
Site of the oldest manufacturing operation on the Chattahoochee River at Columbus. April 3, 1828, the State of Georgia, through Governor George R. Gilmer, issued a grant to Seaborn Jones for Lot No. 1 (5 1/2 acres) in the reserve at the Coweta Fall. . . . — — Map (db m42192) HM
This city of Columbus was created as a trading town by an act of the General Assembly of Georgia, December 24, 1827. The location designated was on the Chattahoochee River near the Coweta Falls. This spot was selected because it was at the head of . . . — — Map (db m22802) HM
On April 11, 1863, during the American Civil War, sixty-five Columbus women armed with knives and pistols rallied at this site and marched down Broad Street raiding the stores of speculators before police could restore order. During the war many . . . — — Map (db m42506) HM
This park is named for Col. W. L. Salisbury (1830-1878), soldier, editor, banker, distinguished citizen of Columbus whose contribution to progress and culture in his native city was outstanding. His home was on the east side of this block. He was a . . . — — Map (db m22772) HM
Colored Department of the City Hospital
The first City Hospital, c. 1841, was located on the South Commons. Called “the Pest House,” its clients were charity patients. The second City Hospital, c. 1894, was built across from . . . — — Map (db m45385) HM
Organized October 9, 1828, Columbian Lodge was chartered by the Grand Lodge of Georgia in December 1828, as No. 28. In 1849 it became No. 7. It is the oldest Lodge in western Georgia. First Worshipful Master was Luther Blake. The Lodge was organized . . . — — Map (db m23053) HM
Since Biblical times when Abraham purchased land to bury his wife Sarah, it has been considered a religious obligation for Jews to set aside land for interring their dead. Often before congregations were established burial societies were formed to . . . — — Map (db m57359) HM
Organized in 1853, this facility
produced steam engines for the
Confederate Navy before being burned
by Federal troops in April of 1865.
Functioning again by September of
the same year, the firm manufactured
cast and wrought iron . . . — — Map (db m101522) HM
Established 1853, was operated by the Confederate government as Naval Iron Works, making cannon, other war munitions, and two gun boats. This plant was credited with making the first breech-loading cannon.
At south end of Dillingham Street . . . — — Map (db m43729) HM
Created in the early 1950s as the city's first comprehensive museum, the Columbus Museum of Arts and Sciences, 1251 Wynnton Road, features permanent exhibits of fine and decorative arts, southeastern Indian artifacts, and regional history and . . . — — Map (db m101324) HM
The Columbus Steamboat Wharf, about 700 ft. from here, was used as a river boat landing for 111 years. 210 steamers arrived from Jan. 26, 1828 when the first steamer, the "Fanny" docked at the wharf until Apr. 1, 1939 when the "George W. Miller" . . . — — Map (db m101254) HM
The second orchestra to be formed in America, the Columbus Symphony Orchestra was founded in 1855 by Herman Saroni, a German conductor and student of Mendelssohn, who was drawn to the city because it "had built for herself a reputation of culture." . . . — — Map (db m109739) HM
(Side 1): A pioneer theatrical entrepreneur, Sol Smith, 1801-1869, built many theaters in the Deep South, including New Orleans and Mobile and the first permanent theater west of the Mississippi in St. Louis, a city that he and partner Noah . . . — — Map (db m22838) HM
Located on the bank immediately to
the north was the C.S.A. Naval Yard. The
facility which built the ironclad
Ram "Muscogee" and renovated the
gunboat "Chattachoochee." Sunk in the
river in 1865, these boats were
salvaged during the . . . — — Map (db m101486) HM
More than 200 soldiers from every Confederate state are buried in two separate plots in Linwood Cemetery. Many of these men died in the several Confederate hospitals located in Columbus, 1862-1865. Numbers fell in the battle here, Easter Sunday, . . . — — Map (db m45985) HM
In February 1864, to relieve the serious overcrowding of Confederate hospitals in the Atlanta and Dalton areas, Columbus was chosen as the site of a 1,500 bed army hospital. Eight buildings on Broad Street, including two saloons and the Court House, . . . — — Map (db m45732) HM
The first Confederate Memorial Day service in Columbus was held on this site (St. Luke Methodist Church) on April 26, 1866. The program was under the auspices of the Ladies’ Memorial Association, which was organized in the early Spring of 1866 for . . . — — Map (db m56674) HM
Columbus industries supplied more
goods to the Confederacy than any
other southern city except Richmond.
Existing factories expanded; merchants
launched new manufactories; and the
C.S.A. established an arsenal and a
quartermaster . . . — — Map (db m101491) HM
The massive, brick cotton warehouses along Bay and Front Avenues were the heart of the Columbus economy for over a century. Cotton factors and commission merchants built their warehouses here on this bluff, high above the river, yet close to the . . . — — Map (db m112285) HM
Cusseta lay on the rich flood plain of the Chattahoochee River, making it a fertile area for agriculture. Like Creeks throughout the Chattahoochee River valley the Cussetas grew a variety of vegetables, especially corn, squash, beans, and pumpkins. . . . — — Map (db m113718) HM
Cusseta was both an important political center for the Lower Creeks and a critical place for interaction with European colonial officials and later, American settlers. Occupying a strategic position in a vast trading network stretching from the Gulf . . . — — Map (db m113780) HM
The men and women of Cusseta had very defined roles in day to day life. Men were responsible not only for hunting and fishing, but for building homes and clearing ground for planting. Men made political decisions, including the decision to go to . . . — — Map (db m113759) HM
His patriotism,
courage and sacrifice
won independence
from colonial rule
for the
United States
of America
American Revolution
1775 ~~ 1783
The 13 Original Colonies
Virginia
Massachusetts
Maryland
Connecticut . . . — — Map (db m113728) HM
“You triumphed over obstacles which would have overcome men less brave and determined”
President McKinley
Dedicated to the Veterans of 1898 to 1902 Camps and Auxiliaries of the Department of Georgia
United Spanish War . . . — — Map (db m57362) HM
This house served as the residence of Dr. Pemberton between 1860-1869. Dr. Pemberton enjoys international prestige as the originator of the formula for Coco-Cola. He moved into this house from the white frame cottage located at 11 Seventh Street. . . . — — Map (db m22646) HM
A Pike County, Alabama native of African-American descent, Dr. Brewer was born November 16, 1894. His office was located at 1025 1/2 First Avenue. Brewer emerged as a chief spokesman for the Civil Rights of the Negro and was described by Roy Wilkins . . . — — Map (db m10975) HM
In 1851 the Eagle Mill, one of the pioneer textile plants of Columbus, was built on this site to manufacture cotton and woolen goods. During the War the mill manufactured goods for the Confederacy and the State of Georgia. Products included grey . . . — — Map (db m43730) HM
The tremendous energy of the
Chattahoochee made Columbus an
important manufacturing center.
Falling water powered textile,
grist, saw, and paper mills. By 1860,
the city's production of cotton and
woolen goods ranked second within . . . — — Map (db m101495) HM
On this block stood the residences of families who contributed to the early development of the city. These included the house built prior to 1840 by William Waters Garrard, planter, adjacent to his cotton warehouses at the north end of the block; . . . — — Map (db m43093) HM
Built in 1843, the Wynnton Male Academy (now Wynnton School Library) is considered the oldest such school facility in continuous use in the state. This building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. Industrial High School, . . . — — Map (db m101326) HM
G. W. Woodruff began grist operations in 1861 on this site previously occupied in 1847 by E.T. Taylor Cotton Gin Company and in 1841 by William Waters Garrard’s cotton warehouse. Empire Mills ran night and day during the Civil War and was spared in . . . — — Map (db m46944) HM
Ernest Woodruff
Ernest Woodruff was born in 1863 at 1420 2nd Avenue. He first worked for his father, George Waldo Woodruff, in his Columbus Empire Flour Mills, then as President of Joel Hurt’s Atlanta Streetcar Company, and as . . . — — Map (db m101269) HM
In commemoration of the
Establishment of
Memorial Day
Here in Old St. Luke Church, on
April 26, 1866. The Ladies
Memorial Association of
Columbus who had urged the
entire South to join them in
similar exercises, held its first . . . — — Map (db m176236) HM WM
Eugene J. Bullard, 1895 - 1961
Bullard grew up in a small shotgun style house near this site. His father, William, was a laborer for the W. C. Bradley Company. Eugene completed the fifth grade at the 28th Street School. Shaken by the death . . . — — Map (db m45865) HM
The initial congregation of this church was formed by slaves who had attended Ephesus Baptist Church (later First Baptist), since its organization on February 14, 1829. When a new church was built in 1840 the slaves worshipped in the older building. . . . — — Map (db m44025) HM
On February 14, 1829, twelve persons met and organized under the name Ephesus Baptist Church of Columbus. The northern half of this block had been designated for religious purposes in the state survey of 1828, and a small meeting house was built for . . . — — Map (db m44359) HM
Near here, in July 1872, the first local public school for black students was opened. The school was the result of an action by the City Council directing the Trustees of the Columbus Public Schools to set up classes for blacks. For the first of . . . — — Map (db m23120) HM
(Side 1):
The Presbyterians were granted one of the original church lots in the 1828 Columbus plan. It was on the North side of Chapel St. between Second and Third Avenues. The fourteen charter members, received in 1830, were: Edward . . . — — Map (db m43943) HM
This watering fountain at Broadway and 10th Street represents the last one of several located in each block down Broadway. It is Columbus' oldest public fountain, dating back to the earliest days of the city. Called the Man and Beast fountain, it . . . — — Map (db m22376) HM
Camp Benning began on Macon Road in
1918 as a temporary World War I
encampment. The present fort was
created in 1922 and was named in
honor of Columbus lawyer, legislator,
jurist, and Confederate Major General
Henry L. Benning. The . . . — — Map (db m101496) HM
An 1884 Georgia map shows this area was once called Blanchard's Crossing. It was a stop on a narrow-gauge railway that ran to Kingsboro,Georgia just beyond Cataula. When the Central of Georgia Railroad was builtin the 1880's, a station was . . . — — Map (db m194406) HM
In 1900 the Mt. Canaan Baptist Church was established under the leadership of the Reverends John Bellamy and Willis Carter when a few men and women met under a fig tree on Third Avenue to worship. In 1901 Rev. Bellamy separated from Mt. Canaan to . . . — — Map (db m57846) HM
Founded in 1892 at 4th Avenue and 6th Street, the church moved to its permanent home here in January of 1897. The first minister was Rev. J. S. Kelsey, who served the church from 1897-1901. The present building was completed under his leadership. . . . — — Map (db m57857) HM
The Creek Indian War of 1835-1836,
which centered on Columbus, began when
a group of Indians revolted rather
than move from East Alabama to
Oklahoma they attacked travelers and
settlers and threatened Columbus.
State militia . . . — — Map (db m101487) HM
Garrett and Sons
Joseph Simpson Garrett, a whiskey, tobacco, and groceries merchant, constructed this building in 1883 for his business, Garrett and Sons. This wholesale business was regarded as the first of its kind in Columbus. Garrett . . . — — Map (db m44518) HM
Opposite this marker stood the home of Henry Lewis Benning (1814-1875), the Confederate Brigadier General for whom Fort Benning was named. He was married in 1839 to Mary Howard Jones, daughter of Colonel and Mrs. Seaborn Jones.
General . . . — — Map (db m46996) HM
George Parker Swift, I, pioneer cotton manufacturer of Georgia, was born Sept. 1, 1815, in Fairhaven, Massachusetts. He moved to Georgia in the early 1840’s and started the Tribune Mills at Waymanville, Upson County, first making cotton thread and . . . — — Map (db m42159) HM
Daniel Griffin · Mary Griffin
Photograph courtesy of Katherine Carrison Hager and Jane Carrison Bocke
Daughters of Henry George Carrison, Great Nephew of Danish Griffin and
Mary Powers Griffin
Daniel Griffin
The second owner of the . . . — — Map (db m217747) HM
Site of Haiman’s Sword Factory, the largest plant of its type in the South during the War Between the States. Louis and Elias Haiman came to Columbus from Prussia in the 1830s and established a tinsmith shop. At the War’s start they established a . . . — — Map (db m69948) HM
Mallory Reynolds Flournoy (Oct. 21, 1882 - Apr. 26, 1920), leader in establishing Fort Benning and the Infantry School on the 182,000 acre military reservation south of Columbus, lived here. The son of John F. Flournoy, outstanding citizen and . . . — — Map (db m42531) HM
North of this marker in the Porterdale Cemetery is the grave of Bragg Smith over which the City of Columbus erected a marble memorial to commemorate an outstanding deed of heroism. The text reads:
“Erected by the City of . . . — — Map (db m57367) HM
High Uptown Historic District
This area, known as “High Uptown,” contains historic residential structures that were built by affluent business and community leaders of the 19th and early 20th centuries. These homes are . . . — — Map (db m44465) HM
Side 1:
In 1890, availability of lots at Linwood Cemetery, the oldest institution of the Columbus city government, was becoming scarce. At that time, the city acquired additional property on 10th Avenue which became Riverdale Cemetery. . . . — — Map (db m82689) HM
Side 1:
In 1884, a group of black citizens banded together to organize a church. They appealed to the Commissioners of Columbus, Georgia, and obtained a lot on Eighth Street. The first church was completed in 1886 and called Everett . . . — — Map (db m57864) HM
Horace King Master Builder (1807-1887)Born a slave in Chesterfield District, S.C., Horace King came to Columbus in 1832 with his master, John Godwin, to construct the first bridge between Columbus and Girard, Alabama. After the completion . . . — — Map (db m113940) HM
Born a slave in South Carolina,
Horace King moved to this region
with his master, John Godwin, who
secured the contract for the first
bridge across the river. King
supervised the building of this span
in 1833. Freed in 1846, King . . . — — Map (db m101401) HM
In the south, the best surviving concentration of nineteenth century hydro-mechanical and electrical engineering systems relating to grist and textile mills is located along this river. In 1978, the U.S. Department of the Interior declared the . . . — — Map (db m101492) HM
J.S. Pemberton & the Confederacy
John Pemberton joined the 3rd Georgia Cavalry in May 1862 and resigned in October that same year due to “a chronic disease of the stomach,” his life-long malady. He wrote he could better serve his country as . . . — — Map (db m173640) HM
Side 1:
The earliest recorded Jewish burials in Columbus were in historic Linwood Cemetery and in the Raphael Moses family cemetery, Esquiline. When the City of Columbus established Riverdale Cemetery in 1890, Temple Israel purchased a . . . — — Map (db m22943) HM
John McIlhenny, Civil Engineer, City Council member, and Mayor of Columbus 1873-1874, lived in this house in the 1860’s. Mr. McIlhenny is recognized as the father of the Columbus public school system. Authorized by the Georgia Legislature in . . . — — Map (db m22799) HM
Beginning in the 1850s, John Pemberton manufactured wholesale drugs and chemicals in Columbus and operated drug stores here. He moved to Atlanta in 1870 and began selling Coca-Cola from his drugstore. By 1886, he had organized a company to . . . — — Map (db m192978) HM
In 1886, J. Albert Kirven and his brother Richard moved their growing department store from No. 90 Broad to this location at 1136 Broadway. With $500 of his own savings and a $2500 loan from his sister, J. Albert Kirven purchased the bankrupted Acee . . . — — Map (db m101413) HM
A muzzle loading cannon cast in Columbus in 1861 from brass contributed by the ladies of the city from their domestic furnishings and utensils. Used about a year in the Confederate Artillery, it was captured by Federal troops at Shiloh, Tenn., April . . . — — Map (db m101274) HM
Confederate Command: Major General Howell Cobb Federal Command:
Major General James H. Wilson
The Last Battle
Even though the Confederacy teetered on the verge of collapse by early 1865 the Union worried that the South would never . . . — — Map (db m217749) HM
The last important land battle of the War Between the States was fought here April 16, 1865, resulting in the capture of Columbus by Federal forces.
The engagement began directly west of Columbus in Alabama and ended on the Georgia side of . . . — — Map (db m42113) HM
In 1839 citizens first called for the development of a water works system. On this site is located the original source of water for drinking and general household use for Columbus. Beginning in 1844, Leonard Spring, with a discharge of 200,000 . . . — — Map (db m22484) HM
Organized in 1869 by slaves, the first church building was built on land donated by Mrs. Emma Jones and Mrs. Nora Felton. The church was called the Bush Arbor Church because of the construction and materials used. Reverend Phil Owens was the first . . . — — Map (db m22970) HM
A part of the 1828 plan of Columbus, Linwood contains graves of pioneer citizens and their descendents, as well as the tombs of some 200 Confederate soldiers. Among those buried here are Anna Caroline Benning (1853-1935), who formed the . . . — — Map (db m46947) HM
On this site in 1847 stood the E.T. Taylor Cotton Gin Manufacturing Company. In 1854 it became the W.G. Clemons, Brown & Company and operated as such until the Civil War. In 1867 Franklin H. Lummus controlled the company and the name . . . — — Map (db m43091) HM
On the adjoining lot stood the large columned home of Martin Jenkins Crawford, Lawyer, Member of the General Assembly of Georgia, twice Judge of the Superior Court of the Chattahoochee Circuit, Member United States Congress, and of the provisional . . . — — Map (db m43079) HM
Since the 1830s, the city's foundries
and machine shops have fabricated a
variety of items: cotton gins, steam
engines, riverboats, saw and cane mills,
pulleys, gears, stoves, pots, and farming
implements. The most significant . . . — — Map (db m101494) HM
This park is named in honor of Mathews D. "Mat" Swift who served as President of W.C. Bradley Co. Real Estate for 31 years,
retiring in 2017. He was one of the primary visionaries and leaders of the transformation of the declining center city . . . — — Map (db m218045) HM
The first public library for African Americans in segregated Columbus, the Colored/Fourth Avenue Library, opened on January 5, 1953. The existence of
this facility resulted from covenants and restrictions barring the use of the city’s new public . . . — — Map (db m22410) HM
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