Dedicated to the sacred memory
of the Avondale Boys of
World War II who made the Supreme
Sacrifice for Liberty and Humanity.
Thomas Nelson •
Albert W. Moore •
James A. Williams •
John L. Warner •
Wayne Daily •
Chester Smith • . . . — — Map (db m55950) WM
On Palm Sunday, 1963 Rev. N. H. Smith, Rev. John T. Porter and Rev. A. D. King led a sympathy march from St. Paul United Methodist Church down 6th Avenue North in support of Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth and Rev. Ralph . . . — — Map (db m73023) HM
Near Messer Airport Highway at University Avenue, on the right when traveling north.
This cemetery is the final resting place of three of the four young girls killed in the September 15, 1963 church bombing of the 16th Street Baptist Church. Addie Mae Collins, Cynthia Wesley and Carol Robertson are buried here. The fourth victim, . . . — — Map (db m61197) HM
On 4th Avenue North at 17th Street North, on the right when traveling west on 4th Avenue North.
The Fourth Avenue "Strip" thrived during a time when downtown privileges for blacks were limited. Although blacks could shop at some white-owned stores, they did not share the same privileges and services as white customers, so they created tailor . . . — — Map (db m26985) HM
On 20th Street North north of Park Place, on the right when traveling north.
In 1963, Birmingham underwent a major political transformation. To
force Commissioner “Bull” Connor from office, progressive Whites and
Blacks plotted to change the form of government from Commissioners
to a Mayor-Council system. Mayor Albert . . . — — Map (db m187705) HM
Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South.
The arrival of two railroad lines in Jones Valley opened nearby deposits of iron ore, limestone, and coal to commercial development and helped make Birmingham one of the great industrial cities of the post Civil War South.
In 1871, the year of . . . — — Map (db m69018) HM
On 29th Avenue North west of 33rd Street North, on the left when traveling west.
Rev. Shuttlesworth and his fellow ministers agreed to call the
replacement organization the Alabama Christian Movement for Human
Rights (ACMHR) so that its reach was both statewide and its aims wider
than the African American community. Adding . . . — — Map (db m188971) HM
On 29th Avenue North west of 33rd Street North, on the left when traveling west.
The ACMHR used nonviolent direct action as its preferred method of
attacking racial segregation. This was a clear break from the tactics and
strategies of the traditional black middle-class leadership that focused
on petitions and lawsuits. Under . . . — — Map (db m188978) HM
On 5th Avenue North east of 15th Street North, on the right when traveling east.
Built 1959-60, 1517 5th Ave. N.
The A. G. Gaston Building's second floor conference room was
the location of regular meetings of “Project C's” Coordinating
Committee. Here, they planned strategies for the April - May
1963 marches, boycotts, . . . — — Map (db m187976) HM
On Rhodes Circle, on the right when traveling west.
The house was built c. 1908 for Adolph B. Loveman, a Hungarian immigrant who in 1887 founded the dry goods business that evolved into one of Birmingham’s signature retail establishments, Loveman, Joseph & Loeb. Its English-style neighbor to the . . . — — Map (db m83800) HM
On 28th Avenue North at 33rd Street North, on the right when traveling west on 28th Avenue North.
Rev. Shuttlesworth returned frequently to Birmingham to lead the
ACMHR in a strategic alliance with the SCLC to bring national attention to
Birmingham and the need to end racial discrimination in America.
ACMHR staff worked with the SCLC's . . . — — Map (db m189139) HM
On 28th Avenue North east of 32nd Street North, on the left when traveling east.
Because of his fearlessness, college student activists who staged
sit-ins and integrated bus rides in the 1960s knew they could depend
on support from Rey. Shuttlesworth and the ACMHR. He supported
Miles College student leader Frank Dukes and his . . . — — Map (db m189134) HM
On 4th Avenue North west of 17th Street North, on the left when traveling west.
Built in 1935, remodeled 1945 (corner 4th Ave. N. & 17th St. N.)
The Carver Theatre for the Performing Arts was built in 1935 and
refitted in 1945 with all of the modern comforts and features of the
day, including 1,300 theatre chairs and . . . — — Map (db m188189) HM
On 18th Street North at 3rd Avenue North Alley, on the left when traveling north on 18th Street North.
Built 1913, 310 18th St. N.
The Alabama Penny Savings Bank, founded by Sixteenth Street
Baptist Church pastor Rev. William R. Pettiford, was Alabama's
first Black-owned bank and the second-largest Black bank in the
country by 1907. He . . . — — Map (db m188950) HM
Pearl Harbor
May 31, 1941
Dear Friend,
I hope all is well with you. I am doing well but due to the present state of emergency the Pacific Fleet is held in a place known as Hawaiian Territory.
Would you do me a . . . — — Map (db m27409) HM
On 22nd Street North south of 7th Avenue North, on the right when traveling south.
Southern members of the U.S. Congress in 1956 issued the "Southern Manifesto” that called the U.S. Supreme Court's Brown decision an "abuse of judicial power." By forcing public school integration contrary to social custom,
the high court had . . . — — Map (db m187661) HM
On Reverend Abraham Woods Jr Boulevard at 19th Street North, on the right when traveling east on Reverend Abraham Woods Jr Boulevard.
Shuttlesworth began to dedicate himself to the ministry and enrolled
in Cedar Grove Bible College, a Baptist institution in the Mobile suburb
of Pritchard. He took classes at night while he worked during the day.
The young couple added two more . . . — — Map (db m187628) HM
On Park Place at 19th Street North, on the left when traveling east on Park Place.
Child protestors overwhelmed police, who found it hard to confine
them to the Kelly Ingram Park area. Organizers used clever methods
to get them to City Hall before police could stop them. Children were
sent out in pairs. When they got closer to . . . — — Map (db m187836) HM
On 5th Avenue North, on the right when traveling east.
During the first 30 years of his 54-year-old practice, Attorney Shores practiced all over the State of Alabama - from the Tennessee line to the Gulf of Mexico at Mobile Bay, and from the Mississippi borders to the Georgia limits. During the period . . . — — Map (db m26720) HM
On Center Street at 10th Court North, on the right when traveling north on Center Street.
1949
For four decades, Shores was deeply involved in civil
rights challenges handling dozens of cases primarily
for the Birmingham branch of the NAACP on behalf of
African Americans. In the 1940s, the Birmingham
NAACP had grown to more . . . — — Map (db m189188) HM
Built 1940, 1420 7th Ave. N.
The Ballard House honors a time when thriving
neighborhoods; businesses, churches, social, cultural,
and civic organizations; made up a dynamic
African-American community during the first half of
the 20th . . . — — Map (db m187886) HM
Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South.
Red Mountain, where you are standing, and Jones Valley, which stretches before you, were sites of human activity long before Birmingham's founding in 1871.
Native American presence
Recorded history and archaeological evidence indicate the . . . — — Map (db m83805) HM
The Corey Land Company, a group of prominent local businessmen headed by Robert Jemison, Jr., developed Belview Heights as a neighborhood for the professional employees of U.S. Steel in the 1910's. Extending the grid system being used in Ensley over . . . — — Map (db m24351) HM
On 29th Avenue North west of 33rd Street North, on the left when traveling west.
Alabama's chapters of the National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People (NAACP) were particularly effective in filing federal
lawsuits that challenged racial segregation laws and advocating for
voting rights. NAACP members also . . . — — Map (db m188970) HM
On 19th Street North north of 7th Avenue North, on the right when traveling north.
Built 1947-50, 710 20th St. N.
Birmingham City Hall was the administrative center for the
enforcement of local segregation codes. Thus, this building was
one of the major destination points for the “Project C" marchers
in the 1963 . . . — — Map (db m187717) HM
On 6th Avenue North at 16th Street North, on the left when traveling west on 6th Avenue North.
Built 1992, 520 16th St. N.
The Birmingham Civil Rights Institute contains permanent exhibitions and photo galleries, offering visitors a self-directed
journey through the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and
1960s to the human rights . . . — — Map (db m187515) HM
Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South.
The availability of seemingly limitless mineral resources was the key to the success of the Birmingham District, an area defined by geologic deposits that span five counties (Jefferson, Shelby, Tuscaloosa, Walker and Bibb). Some of the minerals . . . — — Map (db m69026) HM
Near Richard Arrington Jr. Boulevard South, 0.4 miles south of 16th Avenue South, on the right when traveling south.
In 1884, when Birmingham was
scarcely a decade old, the L&N
Railroad laid the first tracks for
its mineral railroad, to begin
hauling ore from Red Mountain
mines to furnaces, mills, and
rail connections in Jones Valley.
By the early 1900s, . . . — — Map (db m189284) HM
Near Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard, 0.4 miles south of 16th Avenue South, on the right when traveling south.
The concrete marker below
made with blast furnace slag
instead of rocks is located a
few feet from its original
position where it designated the
beginning and angle of the
curve in the train tracks. — — Map (db m188883) HM
On Cahaba Heights Road at Sicard Hollow Road and Blue Lake Drive, on the right when traveling north on Cahaba Heights Road.
Side A The Elyton Land Company, which had founded the city of Birmingham in 1871, established a subsidiary, the Birmingham Water Works Company in 1887. Dr. Henry M. Caldwell, President of the Elyton Land Company, contracted with Judge A. O. . . . — — Map (db m83806) HM
On 20th Street North north of Park Place, on the right when traveling north.
Freddie Lee Robinson was born March 18, 1922, in Mt. Meigs,
Montgomery County, Alabama, to Alberta Robinson and Vetter Greene.
The unmarried couple also conceived a girl, Cleola. Because Vetter
could not provide for his growing family, Alberta's . . . — — Map (db m187631) HM
On 32nd Street North at 29th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south on 32nd Street North.
In January 1957, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., called ministers of the
church-led movements in Southern cities, including Montgomery and
Birmingham, to a meeting in Atlanta to form a national organization to
help them all. Civil rights activist . . . — — Map (db m189109) HM
On 6th Avenue North west of 17th Street North, on the left when traveling west. Reported damaged.
Civil rights activist and pastor, the Rev. Calvin Wallace Woods Sr. was born in Birmingham in 1933. The son of a Baptist preacher, Woods attended historic miles college and various seminary institutions. He distinguished himself as a leader during . . . — — Map (db m187533) HM
On Center Street south of 9th Alley West, on the right when traveling south.
1937
Most of Birmingham's housing started as cheap,
poorly built living quarters that large coal and
mining companies created near their factories for
their workers. Living in camp town housing
carried a stigma that many Blacks and . . . — — Map (db m189162) HM
On 5th Avenue North at 16th Street North, on the left when traveling east on 5th Avenue North.
The economic center of the Black retail district was on nearby Fourth
Avenue North. This historic area also served as the main cultural, social
and religious center of Black Birmingham. Blacks felt more relaxed
among their own people in and . . . — — Map (db m187761) HM
On Center Street at 10th Alley West, on the right when traveling south on Center Street.
1955
By the 1950s, North Smithfield was the residential
area of choice for a new generation of Black
middle-class families, despite the terror bombings
meant to scare them away. This new generation of
African American leaders included A. . . . — — Map (db m189171) HM
The Process
The boiler was the source of power for most of Sloss. The boilers burned blast furnace gas to provide the heat necessary for converting water into steam. The steam produced here powered the blowing engines and turbo-blowers, the . . . — — Map (db m43728) HM
On Reverend Abraham Woods Jr Boulevard at 20th Street North, on the left when traveling east on Reverend Abraham Woods Jr Boulevard.
Built 1924 (Extended in 1957), 1930 8th Ave. N.
In 1924, Municipal Auditorium was one of the South's largest
(6,000 seats) and most modern auditoriums. In April of 1956,
Ku Klux Klansman Asa Carter led an attack on Montgomery
native and . . . — — Map (db m187715) HM
The Brock building was established in 1915, located at the intersection of Fourth Avenue and 18th Street North, was built while the area was residential. The three-story building housed a hotel upstairs that catered to professional musicians and . . . — — Map (db m26723) HM
Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South.
Side 1 - Building the Park
In the mid-1930’s, civic leaders worked to move Vulcan to a place of honor on Red Mountain. The park was built through the combined efforts of several groups: the Kiwanis Club of Birmingham, the Birmingham Parks . . . — — Map (db m83807) HM
On 5th Avenue North at 16th Street North, on the left when traveling east on 5th Avenue North.
In Tribute to
Carrie A. Tuggle
1858 - 1924
Scholar, Teacher and Christian.
A life of unselfish service
to the troubled and the
homeless black boys and girls.
In 1903, she founded
a school and orphanage,
the Tuggle . . . — — Map (db m27391) HM
Near 32nd Street North at 2nd Avenue North, on the left when traveling north.
The Process
The technology of casting molten iron into bars called pigs changed dramatically over the years. Prior to 1931 casting at Sloss took place inside the cast shed. Men cut molds into the sand floor of the shed, allowing the . . . — — Map (db m69083) HM
(First Plaque): Navy pilots typically had their names painted on the side and just below the cockpit of one of the squadron aircraft. Most also had "Call Signs," some of which became the nickname of the pilot. On the display aircraft this . . . — — Map (db m83808) HM
On 19th Street North at 2nd Avenue North, on the right when traveling north on 19th Street North.
Celebrities of all races - but particularly Black singers and actors such as
Harry Belafonte, Sammy Davis, Jr., Eartha Kitt, Lena Horne, and Ossie
Davis with wife Ruby Dee - played important roles in the Movement.
Some, including comedian Dick . . . — — Map (db m187822) HM
On Center Street, 0.2 miles north of 10th Court North, on the right when traveling north.
1961
Black middle-class families who moved to North
Smithfield included the Davises, the Coars, the
Monks, the Browns, the Coles, the Adamses, the
Wesleys, the Gaillards, the Powells, the Halls, the
Nalls, the Browns, the Nixons, the . . . — — Map (db m189181) HM
On 6th Avenue North west of 19th Street North, on the left when traveling west.
The use of schoolchildren in the Movement unnerved Police Commissioner "Bull” Connor, as well as the rest of Birmingham. But the success
of “D-Day” led to a second day, “Double D-Day," where more children,
about 2,000, skipped school to protest. . . . — — Map (db m187838) HM
On 5th Avenue North east of 16th Street North, on the left when traveling east.
Rev. Bevel gave Birmingham children a chance to play important roles in
the struggle for equality. As their field marshal, he turned hundreds of
recruits into an effective non-violent army that “Project C" unleashed
on the retail district. Images . . . — — Map (db m187767) HM
On 7th Avenue North at 22nd Street North, on the right when traveling west on 7th Avenue North.
Birmingham's Black schoolchildren played an important role in moving the
city toward ending legal segregation. Under the leadership of SCLC field coordinators, thousands of children left their segregated schools to join the
marches in the downtown . . . — — Map (db m187682) HM
On 19th Street North at 4th Avenue North, on the right when traveling north on 19th Street North.
On Mother's Day, May 14, 1961, a group of black and white CORE youth on a "Freedom Ride" from Washington, D.C. to New Orleans arrived by bus at the Birmingham Greyhound terminal. They were riding through the deep south to test a court case, "Boynton . . . — — Map (db m83809) HM
This building was constructed in 1908 by Louis V. Clark (1862-1934), who also built the historic Lyric Theater located nearby on 18th Street. The Clark Theater on Caldwell Park is named in honor of Mr. Clark’s generosity to the Birmingham Little . . . — — Map (db m27515) HM
On 4th Avenue North at 17th Street North, on the right when traveling west on 4th Avenue North.
Built 1922, 1630 4th Ave. N.
Built and designed by African Americans, the Colored Masonic
Temple served as their only major business and social meeting
place for decades. The Temple's gilded auditorium hosted many elegant social functions . . . — — Map (db m188188) HM
Near 3rd Avenue North near Richard Arrington Jr, Blvd North.
To Be Opened March 1, 2022
Dedicated at the construction completion March 1, 2002
Project Team
Owners - BLH Group, LLC
Brookmont Investors II, LLC
Spire Holdings, LLC
Developer - Brookmont Realty Group, LLC
General . . . — — Map (db m27010) HM
On 5th Avenue North at 19th Street North, on the left when traveling east on 5th Avenue North.
In the 1940s and 1950s, the NAACP filed a stream of lawsuits against Jim
Crow laws that had given Whites political, economic and social
superiority over Blacks for more than 100 years. Most of Birmingham's
NAACP cases, filed by local Black . . . — — Map (db m187775) HM
On 19th Street North north of F L Shuttlesworth Drive, on the right when traveling north.
Rev. Shuttlesworth often said he expected to die at an early age in his
toe-to-toe battles with violent White segregationists who were bent on
maintaining power. But he outlived Dr. King and Rev. Abernathy, the last of
"the Big Three." He lived . . . — — Map (db m187571) HM
On 7th Avenue North at 23rd Street North, on the right when traveling west on 7th Avenue North.
Many African Americans continued to push for the right to an equal
education that the 1954 Brown decision gave them. Despite angry
threats of violence and intense economic pressure, those first few African American families in Birmingham who chose . . . — — Map (db m187693) HM
On 7th Avenue North west of 23rd Street North, on the right when traveling west.
Community civil rights leaders who helped organize the Movement and embraced the philosophy of nonviolence looked for well-disciplined children with good moral character who would at retaliate if they encountered bullying or violence by White . . . — — Map (db m187690) HM
Vulcan Park isn’t just Vulcan’s home; it’s also a public park. The original project, funded by the WPA (Works Progress Administration) aimed for “general beautification of the entire acreage” to create” an ideal spot for untold . . . — — Map (db m69015) HM
On Richard Arrington Jr. Boulevard North at 2nd Avenue North, on the left when traveling north on Richard Arrington Jr. Boulevard North.
The two commercial buildings on this corner lot are some of the earliest surviving business houses in Birmingham. The Dewberry building appeared on the corner about 1881, and it housed the first and longest surviving drug store in the city, starting . . . — — Map (db m36740) HM
(Side 1)
Disabled American Veterans Formed December 25, 1920.
Birmingham Chapter No. 4 Chartered January 25, 1926.
This Memorial Dedicated To Our Military Forces And To All Who Have Given Their Blood And Lives That The Republic Might Live . . . — — Map (db m24347) WM
On Highland Avenue South, on the right when traveling west.
This neoclassical structure was built in 1905 for James W. Donnelly, "the father of the Birmingham Library System."
Donnelly moved to Birmingham from his native Cincinnati, Ohio after retiring from Proctor and Gamble. A much respected . . . — — Map (db m26740) HM
On 6th Avenue North at 17th Street North on 6th Avenue North.
Leaders of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) learned they could apply economic pressure to White businesses with more effective results than moral persuasion alone. Therefore, the central strategy of the Birmingham Campaign . . . — — Map (db m73037) HM
Born Jan. 15, 1929 Assassinated Apr. 4. 1968 "...yes, if you want to say that I was a drum major, say that I was a drum major for justice; say that I was a drum major for peace..." His dream liberated Birmingham from itself and began a . . . — — Map (db m73007) HM
Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth invited Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. to Birmingham in 1962. Shuttlesworth saw potential in the young minister, and their combined efforts were instrumental in Birmingham's desegregation. The campaign catapulted King into the . . . — — Map (db m73031) HM
Near 5th Avenue North at 16th Street North, on the left when traveling east.
Dedicated to
Dr. Ruth J. Jackson
1898-1982
This woman of strength and vision graduated from the Poro School of Cosmetology, the first black registered school in the State of Alabama. At the vanguard of the Civil Rights Movement, she was . . . — — Map (db m27090) HM
On 4th Avenue North at 17th Street North, on the left when traveling west on 4th Avenue North.
Built 1917, 1701 4th Ave. N.
From 1900 to 1960, the Fourth Avenue area west of 18th Street in
downtown Birmingham was the business, social and cultural center
of the city's African-American community. Every major historical
and cultural . . . — — Map (db m188039) HM
Near 32nd Street North at 2nd Avenue North, on the left when traveling north.
The Duncan House was build in 1906 as a home place for James and Lelia Duncan and their eight children in what is now Tarrant City, Alabama. Duncan worked throughout his life in the nearby shops and yards of the L&N Railroad (know CSXI) as water . . . — — Map (db m86613) HM
Near 12th Avenue at Cahaba Street, on the left when traveling east.
Marker Front:
Founded in 1886 on 600 acres of land, East Birmingham was the agricultural area consisting primarily of dairy farms extending to the present Birmingham airport. The East Birmingham Land Company that developed the area was . . . — — Map (db m83827) HM
On 1st Avenue North (U.S. 11), on the right when traveling north.
The Creek Indian Cession of 1814 opened this section of Alabama to settlement. At the time of statehood in 1819 many pioneer families had located here in what later became known as Jones Valley. By 1820 the area was called Ruhama Valley as a result . . . — — Map (db m26680) HM
Near 1st Avenue North (U.S. 11) south of 83rd Street North.
East Lake was planned in 1886 by the East Lake Land Company to help sell home sites to the men who came in the 1870's to work in Birmingham's steel industry. First named Lake Como, after the lake in the Italian Alps, it soon came to be called East . . . — — Map (db m83828) HM
On 4th Avenue North at 18th Street North, on the left when traveling west on 4th Avenue North.
Eddie James Kendrick, nicknamed "cornbread", was born the eldest of five children to Johnny and Lee Bell Kendrick in Union Springs, Alabama.
After attending Western-Olin High School in Ensley, Alabama, Eddie was persuaded by his childhood . . . — — Map (db m26724) HM
On 4th Avenue North west of 18th Street North, on the left when traveling west.
Built 1999, SW corner of 4th Ave. N. & 18th St. N.
Urban Impact worked with artist Ronald McDowell who wanted
to create a public park along Fourth Avenue to honor Eddie
Kendricks, Birmingham native and a lead singer of the
legendary Motown . . . — — Map (db m188036) HM
On Park Place east of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard North, on the left when traveling east.
Black leaders debated how best to educate their children to live in a racially segregated society. Former slave Booker T. Washington, founder
of Tuskegee Institute, was America's leading Black spokesman at the
turn of the 20th century and promoted . . . — — Map (db m187636) HM
On 17th Street North, on the right when traveling south.
Emory Overton Jackson was born on September 8, 1908 in Buena Vista, Georgia to Will Burt and Lovie Jones Jackson. E. O. Jackson and his seven siblings were raised in the middle-class Birmingham enclave of Enon Ridge, located on the west side of town . . . — — Map (db m64736) HM
On 19th Street North at 3rd Avenue Alley North, on the left when traveling south on 19th Street North.
Constant mistreatment by a brutal police force, a racist state government
and a White community that was either hostile or unconcerned pushed
many Blacks in Birmingham to the breaking point. Many were stuck in
low-paying, low-level jobs. Most . . . — — Map (db m187785) HM
On 4th Avenue North west of 18th Street North, on the left when traveling west.
Built 1928, 1717 4th Ave. N.
During the entertainment boom of the 1920s, The Famous, an
African-American movie theater, joined the Frolic, Lincoln,
Champion, Dixie and Savoy Theaters as places of entertainment
for African-Americans who . . . — — Map (db m188038) HM
On Center Street, 0.1 miles north of 10th Court West, on the right when traveling north.
September 1963
The increasing number of new African American
families moving onto Dynamite Hill required the
building of a new school. The city's segregation
laws prevented their children from attending
all-White Graymont Elementary, even . . . — — Map (db m189184) HM
On 20th Street South at 11th Avenue South, on the right when traveling north on 20th Street South.
This neighborhood developed in the 1880s as one of Birmingham's first streetcar suburbs. It was the Town of Highlands from 1887 to 1893, when it became part of the City of Birmingham. The heart of the neighborhood was Five Points Circle, a major . . . — — Map (db m83829) HM
Near 5th Avenue North at 16th Street North, on the right when traveling east.
This sculpture is dedicated to the Foot Soldiers of the Birmingham Civil Rights Movement.
With gallantry, courage and great bravery they faced the violence of attack dogs, high powered water hoses, and bombings. They were the fodder in the . . . — — Map (db m27394) HM
On Essex Road South at Clairmont Avenue South, on the left when traveling north on Essex Road South.
A residential district extending from the crest of Red Mountain to the floor of Jones Valley with roads built along natural land contours. Birmingham real estate promoter and civic leader, Robert Jemison, Jr., began development as Mountain Terrace . . . — — Map (db m26983) HM
On 19th Street North at 3rd Avenue North, on the left when traveling south on 19th Street North.
Built 1939, 1901 3rd Ave. N.
The F. W. Woolworth department store was one of the first sites
targeted for the ACMHR and SCLC's economic boycotts and lunch
counter sit-ins of “Project C” during the April - May 1963 mass
demonstrations in . . . — — Map (db m188183) HM
On Sloss Furnace Entry Road south of 32nd Street North, on the left when traveling south.
Originally Sloss Furnaces had 120 beehive coke ovens on site,
each twelve feet in diameter. (similar to photo)
They were called 'beehive' as they had domed ceilings,
were built close together to maximize the benefits
of their collective heat, . . . — — Map (db m173373) HM
On 4th Avenue North at 17th Street North, on the right when traveling west on 4th Avenue North.
Prior to 1900 a "black business district" did not exist in Birmingham. In a pattern characteristic of Southern cities found during Reconstruction, black businesses developed alongside those of whites in many sections of the downtown area. . . . — — Map (db m174706) HM
On 4th Avenue North west of 17th Street North, on the right when traveling west.
The Fraternal Hotel Building was built in 1925. Some of the businesses that were located in this building included:
1925 - 1980 Fraternal Hotel
1925 - 1970 Fraternal Café
1950 - 1966 Monroe Steak House
1985 - 1994 Grand Lodge Knights of . . . — — Map (db m27518) HM
On 32nd Street North, on the left when traveling north.
"No. 4018 made its last run from Bessemer, Alabama to Birmingham, Alabama on February 29, 1952 and was given by the railway to the City of Birmingham on May 29, 1952." — — Map (db m134921) HM
On Center Street north of 10th Court North, on the right when traveling north.
As both a lawyer and Smithfield real estate developer,
Arthur Davis Shores' story is also the story of Dynamite
Hill. He played a central role in African Americans' legal
fight to build and buy houses where they wished,
including the “White . . . — — Map (db m189185) HM
On 16th Avenue South at Glen Iris Park, on the right when traveling east on 16th Avenue South.
Founded in 1898 by Robert Jemison, this 30-acre historic district is a private residential park containing an almost intact collection of some of Birmingham's finest 20th century houses. It was the first professionally landscaped residential . . . — — Map (db m27520) HM
On 8th Avenue West at 3rd Street West, on the right when traveling west on 8th Avenue West.
On September 4, 1963, Graymont Elementary
School was the first public school in Birmingham
to be racially integrated. Two brothers, nine and
eleven years old, accompanied by their father,
James Armstrong, along with Reverend Fred . . . — — Map (db m153229) HM
On 4th Avenue North, on the left when traveling west.
Businesses that occupied this building between 1908 - 1970
1908 - 1913 Southern Bell Telephone Company Stockroom
1915 - 1926 OK French Dry Cleaning Company
1927 - 1938 George Kanelis Billiards
1940 - 1945 Alex’s Steak House
1946 - . . . — — Map (db m27521) HM
On 19th Street North at 7th Avenue North, on the right when traveling south on 19th Street North.
Built 1950 (Remodeled in the 1970s), 618 19th St. N.
The Greyhound bus station was a stop of the 1961 Freedom Riders, a
group of Blacks and Whites who rode buses together across state
lines to disobey segregation laws in the Deep South. A . . . — — Map (db m187718) HM
You are standing at Ground Zero of the 1963 civil rights struggle in Birmingham. When African-American leaders and citizens resolved to fight the oppression of a strictly segregated society, they were met with vitriol and violence despite their own . . . — — Map (db m73015) HM
On 16th Street North south of 6th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south.
Unfair laws forced Birmingham Blacks to create their own distinctive
world of economic and social self-reliance. The historic Black business
district extended several blocks around Kelly Ingram Park and contained
a concentration of Black-owned . . . — — Map (db m187760) HM
On Old Leeds Road (County Road 64) 0.3 miles south of Mill Springs Road, on the left when traveling south.
Evalina Brown Spencer founded Highlands Day School in 1958, expanding a daycare she operated in her family's backyard. In 1962, Highlands moved from rented space in St. Luke's Episcopal Church to this site, on land donated by Joseph and Virginia . . . — — Map (db m201032) HM
Near Sloss Furnace Entry Road, 0.3 miles east of 32nd Street North, on the right when traveling west.
Despite being dominated by black labor the industrial workplace was rigidly segregated
until the 1960's. Men punched separate time clocks and bathed in separate bath houses. Following the implementation of desegregation laws in the 1960's the black . . . — — Map (db m173370) HM
On 7th Avenue North at 23rd Street North, on the right when traveling west on 7th Avenue North.
[Note: a portion of the wording on the first panel of the marker has been torn away.(See photo #1)]Paired marker
September 9, 1957
In 1957, Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth and his followers in
the Alabama Christian Movement for . . . — — Map (db m187702) HM
On Park Place at 22nd Street North, on the left when traveling east on Park Place.
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP) used its Legal Defense and Educational Fund and its team of
skilled lawyers to attack the "separate but equal” education laws. Beginning in the 1930s, the NAACP filed lawsuits . . . — — Map (db m187658) HM
On 2nd Avenue South, on the right when traveling north.
Founded in 1841 at Marion in Perry County by Alabama Baptists, Howard College was named for British prison reformer John Howard.
The liberal arts college moved to this site in 1887 and relocated to its present campus in Homewood, Alabama in . . . — — Map (db m26693) HM
In memory of the
Pioneers
many of whom sleep in this saved spot and whose vision, courage, and arduous labor have been abundantly rewarded by the wonderful development of this great city and district
This Chapel is erected by . . . — — Map (db m206426) HM
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