The vista along Court Street from Niagara Square to Lafayette Square embraces a continuum of human struggle for freedom and justice. In the center of the vista stands a monument to the soldiers and sailors who perished in the war to preserve the . . . — — Map (db m92834) HM
Panel 1 [upper]:
“RUST BUCKET”
[Fanciful rendering of a World War II Liberty Ship]
Our convoy ships were referred to as the “Rust Bucket Brigade” because they were never in port long enough to get a . . . — — Map (db m77323) WM
"The Best Planned City" Olmsted's Park System concept, to this day, is being replicated in cities around the world as communities are creating greenways woven into the urban fabric and connecting people to parks and the natural environment. . . . — — Map (db m92995) HM
The black rock that gave this area its name was located in the Niagara River at the bend of the present day Niagara Street, near School Street, north of where the Peace Bridge is now situated. Comprised of Onondaga limestone, the rock ledge jutted . . . — — Map (db m98187) HM
106 Field Artillery Regiment, WWI 1917-1919. Deeds Not Words 106th Field Artillery Regiment, Units and Battalion, W/WII, Pacific Theater 1942-1945. 27th Inf Div NYARNG, 27th ARMD DIV NYARNG 1955-1968 Dedicated In Memory and Honor of . . . — — Map (db m84623) WM
Dedicated to the 28th U. S. Infantry The last troops to garrison Fort Porter which was abandoned - June 28, 1926. Major operations of 28th Inf. in World War Lorraine, Picardy, Montdidier-Noyon, Aisen-Marne, St. Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne Strength . . . — — Map (db m74185) WM
65th Infantry Regiment, The Borinqueneers The 65th Infantry was created in 1899 by the U.S. Congress as an active unit composed primarily of Puerto Ricans. It went on to serve meritoriously in World War I, World War II and the Korean War. . . . — — Map (db m77448) HM WM
You are looking across a restoration of the Commercial Slip, originally the western terminus of the Erie Canal. In its heyday, this area was one of the world's great transportation centers, teeming with canal, lake, and rail traffic, a busy port . . . — — Map (db m84559) HM
The Michigan Avenue Corridor was founded to preserve the roots of freedom and the heritage of Buffalo's East Side. Byron W. Brown, Mayor. City of Buffalo Office of Strategic Planning, Timothy J. Wanamaker, Executive Director. From its earliest . . . — — Map (db m81227) HM
The Martin House is the result of an exceptional collaboration between Darwin D. Martin and Frank Lloyd Wright. Martin was a highly accomplished business and civic leader, while Wright was an architect who, at the time, was relatively unknown . . . — — Map (db m197465) HM
[east side] A tribute of love, to the memory of those who made the supreme sacrifice, and of gratitude to those who served and returned. [north side] Erected in honor of those who served in the World War 1914 —— 1919 by the citizens of . . . — — Map (db m81355) WM
This brick and stone mansion was built circa 1876 for
Robert Borthwick Adam (1833-1904), founder of Buffalo's
famed retailer Adam, Meldrum & Anderson. One of
many distinguished homes erected in the late 19th and
early 20th centuries on Buffalo's . . . — — Map (db m130992) HM
Surgeon - Brigadier General - Inventor of the 'Wig-Wag' signal system - First director of the Army Signal Corps - Founder of the U.S. Weather Bureau - U.S. Delegate to the International Meteorological Conferences of Vienna, Austria, 1873 & Rome, . . . — — Map (db m65473) HM
[facing west] In Memory of All American Veterans This memorial honors all American veterans who, although separated by generations, shared a common, undeniable goal - - to valiantly protect our country's freedoms. The memories of these American . . . — — Map (db m131877) WM
Erected by the Veterans Ass'n 74th Inf. N.G.N.Y. In honor of the members of the 74th Inf. U.S.A. who served in the World War 1917-1918 and in grateful memory of those who made the supreme sacrifice — — Map (db m74388) WM
The large hole in the ground, which will soon be developed to its former glory, where the Memorial Auditorium formerly stood, was once the most dynamic, most vibrant, most exciting public assembly place in Buffalo. Known as Spaulding’s Exchange, . . . — — Map (db m140647) HM
Constructed between 1903 and 1905, the Martin House Complex has seen more than a century of life, as well as considerable wear and tear. It is being brought back to its former glory in one of the most ambitious projects ever undertaken to restore a . . . — — Map (db m81151) HM
... the most perfect thing of its kind in the world -
a domestic symphony, true, vital, comfortable.
- Frank Lloyd Wright, 1904
What makes the Martin House a true American masterpiece? It is a quintessential example of Frank Lloyd . . . — — Map (db m197463) HM
War of 1812 Battle of Scajaquada Creek Bridge ——· •· —— On August 3, 1814, 600 men under British Lt. Col. John Tucker, designing to capture troops and supplies at Black Rock and Buffalo, crossed the Niagara River to . . . — — Map (db m80397) HM
Riverside High School Class of 1966. Riverside Park was a large part of his teenage years. Killed in action in Vietnam, January 10, 1969. Awarded the Silver Star and Bronze Star for gallantry in action. Bernie lost his life as a hero, defending the . . . — — Map (db m80460) WM
The history of steel production in Lackawanna has its roots in the Lackawanna Valley of northeast Pennsylvania. It was there that the Lackawanna Iron and Steel Company was formed in 1891, the result of a previous consolidation of various iron and . . . — — Map (db m86106) HM
Construction of the massive new steel plant beban on July 14, 1900. Equipment began arriving from Scranton nine months later. The company dredged a 3,300 foot ship canal and built miles of track to link the plant with the railroads. This allowed the . . . — — Map (db m86107) HM
Lackawanna Steel continued to grow throughout the early 1900s. However, the steel plant fell on considerably hard financial times in 1918 and 1919, coupled with violent worker strikes and demonstrations for better working conditions and benefits. . . . — — Map (db m86110) HM
After World War II, America's insatiable appetite for steel kept mills across the country bustling and highly profitable. The modernized Lackawanna plant remained at near-wartime production levels and continued to employ nearly 20,000 workers for . . . — — Map (db m86111) HM
In 1842, the world's first steam powered elevator to transfer and store grain opened on this site. Buffalo merchant, Joseph Dart, and machinist, Robert Dunbar, built the elevator following precedents set by Oliver Evans. Its basic principles are . . . — — Map (db m151380) HM
Black Rock Neighborhood The Black Rock neighborhood has endured for over 200 years and is the oldest intact neighborhood in the City of Buffalo. Black Rock was once an independent village and rival of the Village of Buffalo. The neighborhood . . . — — Map (db m93804) HM
[left panel] Black Rock Harbor. The Village of Black Rock received its name from a large rock outcropping that jutted into the river about a half mile south of this site. The original ferry crossing was located at the rock and a small village grew . . . — — Map (db m97956) HM
Engineering The first lock at Black Rock was constructed in 1824 by New York State as part of harbor improvements for Black Rock Harbor in conjunction with the Erie Canal. The lock was located approximately 750 feet south of the present lock. It . . . — — Map (db m97921) HM
Near this location on August 7, 1981, Bob Uplinger (1951-1988) was arrested by an undercover police officer posing as a gay man, and charged and convicted with loitering for the purpose of engaging in deviate sexual activity. After consensual sex . . . — — Map (db m197455) HM
Born in Newburgh, NY, raised in Buffalo, Geneva College 1847, University of Buffalo 1851, Telegraph operator, U.S. Navy assistant surgeon, invented motion telgraphy, U.S. Army Signal Corps founder, Civil War meteorologist, U.S. Weather Bureau . . . — — Map (db m65476) HM
[left panel] Broderick Park Welcome to Broderick Park, a waterfront park of the City of Buffalo! Broderick Park is significant as the site of the Black Rock Ferry, a historic crossing point between the United States and Canada for over 120 years. . . . — — Map (db m97957) HM
Commercial Slip connected the Buffalo River to the Erie Canal mainline, 100 yards northeast of this site. It marked the original terminus of the Erie Canal, but was soon joined by many other artificial waterways around Buffalo Harbor. As commerce . . . — — Map (db m84868) HM
Already a major transportation center, Buffalo was evolving into a center of industry and and manufacturing. At the height of the canal era, in the mid-1800s, countless manufacturing enterprises took advantage of the huge volume of raw materials . . . — — Map (db m84897) HM
When the Erie Canal was completed here in October 1825, Buffalo was transformed from a small lakefront hamlet to a thriving muscular metropolis. Buffalo was the port where grain, lumber, and other products from the interior of the American continent . . . — — Map (db m84859) HM
Buffalo and Black Rock Railroad Southern terminus of horse-drawn railroad over which first car traveled on May 16, 1834. Absorbed 1835 by Buffalo and Niagara Falls (steam) Railroad and, in 1853, became part of the New York Central Railroad. . . . — — Map (db m92799) HM
Present day Niagara Street was the original route of the first steam railroad in Western New York. Service from Black Rock to Niagara Falls began on August 26, 1836. The New York Central Railroad acquired the line in 1869. Black Rock Heritage Trail . . . — — Map (db m77794) HM
Timeline of Excursions 1814 November 5 American forces withdraw from Canadian territory. August-September American forces withstand British siege and repel British attempts to take back Fort Erie. July 25 American and British . . . — — Map (db m92804) HM
First Harbor
From its beginnings as a shallow creek-mouth anchorage through its heyday as seventh busiest port in the world, Buffalo Harbor has undergone a series of major changes.
The first harbor was built in 1820 and 1821 by the . . . — — Map (db m85195) HM
Hurricane-force winds screamed across the Great Lakes on Nov. 9 and 10, 1913, in a storm that claimed more than 250 lives and sank a dozen ships- including Light Vessel 82, one of a series of Buffalo lightships. L.V. 82 was on station 13 miles . . . — — Map (db m85163) HM
An Outdoor Lighthouse Museum. Buffalo's complex harbor system has showcased many unique lights. Scan the harbor for the existing lights shown in this artist's conception. The lights shown as transparent have been demolished or moved to another . . . — — Map (db m85226) HM
In honor of the members of The Buffalo Municipal Baseball Association Inc. who served their country in the World War for democracy 1917 - 1919 — — Map (db m131854) WM
Pre-1800 The Ongiara Confluence of Little Buffalo Creek and the Buffalo River with Lake Erie in the background, 1815. The region's original inhabitants were the Ongiara, a peaceful Iroquois tribe, from whom the name Niagara is derived. Long . . . — — Map (db m84777) HM
Founded 1851 as Buffalo Female Academy. First located on Johnson Park, the school moved to present site in 1909. The seminary remains the first and only non-sectarian private high school for girls in western New York. — — Map (db m80401) HM
Two structures mark the entrance to the Niagara River - the city of Buffalo water intake and the abandoned Horseshoe Reef Light. The Horseshoe Reef Light, the dark metal structure atop a concrete base, was established in 1856 after Canada and . . . — — Map (db m85227) HM
Menagerie to Habitat. The Buffalo Zoo, like other modern zoos, has become an educational facility that focuses on conservation and reproduction of endangered species. The Zoo has reintroduced some endangered animals to their native habitats. Today's . . . — — Map (db m75074) HM
Buffalo’s Birthplace: Where the Erie Canal Joins the Commercial Slip Look closely at this wonderful picture of Buffalo’s Waterfront in its heyday for evidence of life in those early days before the railroads took over the waterfront. Note . . . — — Map (db m140650) HM
Parks, Circles, and Parkways: These 'Greenspaces' were inspired by the 'City Beautiful' movement of the late 1800s, an attempt to correct the blighted condition of many industrial cities and make them more liveable through better design. Circles: . . . — — Map (db m80367) HM
Early in the morning of December 30, 1813 over 1,000 British troops landed near the foot of present-day Amherst Street and proceeded to burn Black Rock, destroying all homes and buildings. They then marched to Buffalo and burned everything except . . . — — Map (db m57098) HM
Canal and Harbor Transforming Buffalo The Erie Canal formally opened on Oct. 26, 1825, connecting the heartlands of the continent to the rest of the world. As the engineering marvel of its time, the canal helped transform Buffalo into the . . . — — Map (db m140745) HM
Canisius College Founded in 1870 by the Jesuits at 434 Ellicott Street. Moved to this site in 1912. Largest private institution of higher education on the Niagara Frontier. — — Map (db m131858) HM
Chester C. Gorski statesman, community leader, humanitarian Born June 22, 1906. Died April 25, 1975. President of The Common Council 1959 to 1973. Member of the United States Congress, Erie County Board of Supervisors Buffalo Common . . . — — Map (db m92937) HM
Built shortly after the burning of Buffalo in December 1813, the George Coit House is the oldest extant home in Buffalo. Originally sited downtown at 53 Pearl St. on the southeast corner of Swan Street., the house was enlarged and moved to the more . . . — — Map (db m104030) HM
Organized in 1918 and charted in 1935, the Colored Musicians' Club has long provided rehearsal space and social opportunites for Buffalo's African American musicians. From its beginnings, it hosted jam sessions with some of the foremost jazz artists . . . — — Map (db m81304) HM
African Americans have fought in each of America's great conflicts, the early colonial wars, the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. However, until the Civil War, African Americans were never offically included in the military establishment of . . . — — Map (db m81194) WM
Corpus Christi Church Complex has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior 2007 — — Map (db m81341) HM
Dedicated to the memory of the brave men who gave their lives at Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 "A date that will live in infamy," Franklin Delano Roosevelt — — Map (db m88232) WM
This plaque is dedicated to the men and women of the University Heights Community who served their country in the armed forces of the United States during World War II 1941 1945 — — Map (db m145269) WM
This unit was formed from 2nd Squadron 121st Cavalry NYRG serving Feb. 1928 to October 1940 at Buffalo, N.Y. The unit was converted and redesignated 102nd Separate Battalion Coast Artillery (AA) Oct. 1940 Unit inducted into Federal Service Jan. . . . — — Map (db m84627) WM
Dedicated with Respect to World War II & Korean Veterans Erected throught the efforts of The AMVETS Post No 209 Remember Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 [back] In memory of Leo D. and Dorothy K. Gomlak for outstanding service to nation . . . — — Map (db m92958) WM
Early History Converting the mouth of the Buffalo River into a safe and easily navigable harbor was a work of great magnitude and cost. The mouth of the Buffalo River frequently became clogged by sands moving north along the beach towards the . . . — — Map (db m85329) HM
Buffalo's Breakwater System The desirability of an outer harbor for Buffalo was recognized as early as 1835. Built between 1838 and 1867 along what is now Fuhrmann Blvd., the sea wall provided protection of the inner harbor. By 1867 Buffalo . . . — — Map (db m86359) HM
First women's college in western New York. Established 1908 by the Grey nuns. Center building, 1874, originally housed Holy Angels Academy. College led renewal of city's west side by expansion program, 1954-1969. — — Map (db m80027) HM
The first full-sized sailing ship to sail Lake Erie and the uppper Great Lakes was Le Griffon, built by French Explorer Robert de La Salle in 1679. Previous sailing ships were confined to Lake Ontario due to the natural barrier of Niagara . . . — — Map (db m86021) HM
Born in Beckett, Massachusetts, Williams College class of 1799, first lawyer west of the Genesee River.
Escaped captors during the War of 1812. Buffalo board of trustees president in 1816, founding member of the Buffalo Harbor Company, first Judge . . . — — Map (db m65474) HM
Ship Canal Commons is a unique waterfront park that was envisioned by the City of Buffalo, County of Erie, NYS Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and Buffalo Urban Development Corporation to be a distinct ecological restoration and . . . — — Map (db m93893) HM
Buffalo History Architecture
The City Beautiful Movement was a Progressive reform of architecture and urban planning that flourished from 1890 to 1915. It espoused beautification and monumental grandeur to counteract the "moral decay and . . . — — Map (db m65921) HM
Ellicott Square Building Opened by Ellicott Square Company in 1896 as largest office building in world. Daniel H. Burnham, architect. Steel frame, brick and terra cotta exterior, Italian marble, ornamental iron decorations, and marble mosaic . . . — — Map (db m92875) HM
The cleanup and restoration work that has taken place within the 22-acre Ship Canal Commons is the result of a partnership between the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC), Buffalo Urban Redevelopment Corporation (BUDC), . . . — — Map (db m86136) HM
Erastus Granger Seneca Indian Agent, judge, Post Master & Collector of the Port, lived here 1806-1826. He rallied Seneca to defend Buffalo during War of 1812. — — Map (db m92785) HM
Erected by the grateful people of the 21st Ward in memory of these, our heroes, who gave their lives for our country and in honor of our soldiers and sailors in the World War Emil D.M. Ailing ∙ Frederick Ailing ∙ Daniel W. . . . — — Map (db m80452) WM
The Erie Canal was America's most successful and influential public works project. Completed in 1825, the 363-mile-long waterway established the first all-water route for navigation between the Atlantic Ocean and the upper Great Lakes, opened the . . . — — Map (db m84822) HM
Final resting place of The Senecas of the Genesee Valley that the Mt. Morris Dam inundated. Buffalo Creek Council Fire. June 22, 1952 — — Map (db m137877) HM
The frequent loss of elevators to fire and explosion prompted a search for safer building materials and construction methods. Experiments with fireproof materials centered on steel, tile, and concrete. The Great Northern Elevator (1897) and . . . — — Map (db m85657) HM
Near this site in 1893, Paraskevas Niarchos, Spyros Niarchos, and Theodore Macheras resided and operated a confectionery store.
Hellenic Eastern Orthodox Church of the Annunciation
Buffalo & Erie County Historical Society — — Map (db m65920) HM
First Polish colony settled here in 1873. St. Stanislaus Parish was established by the Rev. Dean John Pitass, who became founder of the great Polish east side of Buffalo. — — Map (db m81342) HM
First religious body in Buffalo Organized February 2, 1812, as the First Presbyterian And Congregational Church This building dedicated May 6, 1897 — — Map (db m80054) HM
This building was erected in 1833 by the First Unitarian Congregational Society of Buffalo which worshipped here until 1880. Abraham Lincoln in February 1861, attended church services here and sat in the pew of his host Millard Fillmore. — — Map (db m92879) HM
The Army of the Frontier under General Alexander Smythe set up camp here at Granger's farm during the winter of 1812-1813 in anticipation of invading Canada. Nearly three hundred soldiers died there of camp disease. Farmers Daniel Chapin and Rowland . . . — — Map (db m81155) HM
Burial place of Millard Fillmore, Samuel Wilkeson, Red Jacket and other famous Buffalonians, including veterans of seven wars. Site of homestead of Erastus Granger, first Indian Agent. — — Map (db m81167) HM
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Larkin Administration Building Frank Lloyd Wright was the Architect for this revolutionary building constructed in 1903. His skillful design incorporated modern technology developed early in the 20th century. Wright used . . . — — Map (db m131893) HM
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Larkin Administration Building The Larkin Company Administration Building designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1904 once occupied the parking area adjacent to this marker. The building was converted into Larkin Retail Store . . . — — Map (db m131901) HM
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Larkin Administration Building Frank Lloyd Wright designed the administration building for the Larkin Company beginning in 1903. He was engaged to design the structure after Larkin officers William R. Heath and Darwin D. . . . — — Map (db m131902) HM
You are looking at one of the most important works of 20th century architecture. "The genius of Frank Lloyd Wright is displayed nowhere better than in the Martin House Complex." -Robert McCarter, noted Wright scholar, architect, and . . . — — Map (db m81153) HM
Frederick Law Olmsted is best known for his work in New York City's Central Park, but his design for Buffalo's Park System was one of his proudest achievements. Buffalo's Olmsted-designed parks are listed on the National Register of Historic . . . — — Map (db m78375) HM
Here at 168 Edward Street, in this modest Italianate brick home built by her father in 1863, Frances Clara Folsom was born on July 21, 1864 to Buffalo attorney Oscar Folsom and his wife Emma. When Oscar Folsom's carriage struck a wagon, killing him, . . . — — Map (db m151982) HM
From Frontier to Major City
In the early 1800s, Buffalo was a sleepy village known as New Amsterdam, on the edge of America's then western frontier. Holland Land Company surveyor Joseph Ellicott, inspired by Pierre L'Enfant's radial . . . — — Map (db m92798) HM
Conceived in 1804 by Joseph Ellicott (right), Niagara Square was the beginning of what renowned landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted would in mid-century call "the best planned city as to its streets, public places, and grounds in the United . . . — — Map (db m92820) HM
Commanding Third Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Corps. Killed at Cedar Creek, Virginia, October 19, 1864. This statue was erected and presented to the City of Buffalo through funds raised by the General Daniel Davidson Bidwell Memorial . . . — — Map (db m80407) WM
[front]General Kazimierz Pulaski Hero of Poland and the United States of America [right]A gift from the people of Poland to the people of the United States of America commemorating 200 years of American independence [rear]Sculptor Kazimierz . . . — — Map (db m92877) WM
General Mills Grain Elevator The General Mills Grain Elevator was originally known as the Washburn Crosby Elevator. In 1903, Washburn Crosby built a set of nine bins known as Elevator A next to the flour mill on South Michigan Avenue that was . . . — — Map (db m85371) HM
Giuseppe Verdi is credited with having invented the Italian national operatic style. Born the son of a poor grocer in LeRoncole, Italy, Verdi began composing at age 13. After failing the entrance exam at the Milan Conservatory, he began lessons . . . — — Map (db m65477) HM
This plaque is dedicated to the memory of those brave men and women of the Polish armed forces who fought against the tyranny during the entire World War II, and to those thousands of them who sacrificed their lives defending peace, freedom, and . . . — — Map (db m84578) WM
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