Adolph Hitler and Franklin Roosevelt came into
office during a world-wide depression that
threatened democracy in both nations. In his
inaugural address, President Roosevelt told the
American people "We have nothing to fear but . . . — — Map (db m234080) HM WM
In violation of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany initiated an ambitious military rearmament program to restore its military strength; covert air reconnaissance missions commenced. Germany began to secure its national borders.
On January 26, . . . — — Map (db m130810) HM WM
The Saar region, granted to France by the Versailles
Treaty, was returned to Germany on January 13.
German mandatory military service resumed on
March 16, in breach of the Versailles Treaty. Jews
were barred from the armed forces. . . . — — Map (db m234081) HM
Offices of the Reich leader of the SS and the chief
of the German Police were combined on June 17
under Henrich Himmler. German Police came
under SS control.
International demands to have the Olympic Games
moved from Berlin out of . . . — — Map (db m234082) HM WM
On March 21, Pope Pius XI issued "Mit Brennender
Sorge" ("with burning concern"), an encyclical
read from Catholic pulpits throughout Germany
attacking racism.
In mid-May, the Gestapo ordered the Jehovah's
Witnesses, their supporters . . . — — Map (db m234083) HM WM
Opposition to Hitler in the German foreign office
and in the military were removed during January
and February thus allowing the implementation of
his policies; the annexation of Austria in March,
and of the Sudetenland in October.
. . . — — Map (db m234085) HM WM
Bohemia and Moravia were declared a German
protectorate on March 15. A euthanasia decree
was signed on September 1, affecting mental patients,
incurably ill and social misfits. Poland was invaded by
Germany on sPSeptember 1 and by the Soviet . . . — — Map (db m234086) HM WM
The German conquest of Europe continued;
Denmark capitulated in April; Belgium and Holland
in May; Norway and France in June. Italy entered
the war on the German side in June. The Rome-Berlin-Tokyo agreement was signed on September 27.
. . . — — Map (db m234088) HM WM
On June 22, the German army invaded the Soviet
Union and mass extermination of Jews began. The
decision to annihilate rather than exile the Jews
had been made.
Four mobile killing units (einsatzgruppen) were
assigned to execute . . . — — Map (db m234090) HM WM
On January 20, the Wannsee conference was held
to coordinate the destruction of European Jewry;
the "Final Solution". Einsatzgruppen techniques
which by late 1942 had been used to liquidate
approximately 1.4 million Jews were inadequate . . . — — Map (db m234091) HM WM
The plight of refugees discussed on April 19, 1943
at the Bermuda conference. British and Americans
prohibited food shipments to Jews and others,
refused ships for those who managed to escape, and
forbade rescue negotiations with Nazis. A . . . — — Map (db m234092) HM WM
As millions of Jews were being killed, the Nazis
also murdered hundreds of thousands of others
including gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses,
the mentally disabled, anti-Nazis, and the
chronically ill. Sadistic "medical" experiments . . . — — Map (db m234093) HM WM
Spanish Colonial Revival style,
built 1930. Declared 2021,
Historic-Cultural
Monument No. 1230,
Cultural Heritage Commission,
City of Los Angeles. — — Map (db m233960) HM
This is the site of the ballpark where the Hollywood Stars of the Pacific Coast League
played from May 2, 1939, through September 5,
1957. More than 1,700 games were played in the
park, which had a seating capacity of 11,200.
The Stars . . . — — Map (db m166087) HM
1872: Arthur Fremont Gilmore leaves Millersburg, Illinois and heads west to seek his fortune in California. He soon forms a partnership with Julius Carter and the two go into the dairy business in Compton, California.
1880: A.F. Gilmore . . . — — Map (db m130531) HM
The home of "Lord" Charlie Snowden Fairfax, pioneer and political leader of the 1850's, served California as an assemblyman (1853), Speaker of the Assembly (1854), and Clerk of the State Supreme Court (1856). Fairfax, a descendent of Scottish barons . . . — — Map (db m143401) HM
Fairfax Delaware, conceived & built by Alfred J. Vilone. One man's vision becomes security & happiness for thousands.
Dedicated in appreciation & esteem by members of his organization, December 18, 1951. — — Map (db m192438) HM
תנצב״ח
Eternal witnesses of man's need for the world brotherhood
Nathan H. Arenson •
Nathan Balick •
Arthur M. Blatman •
Nathan Blume •
Morton Carlis •
Herman Cohen •
Charles Edelberg • . . . — — Map (db m174916) WM
This former dairy barn has been transformed. Today it is a visitor and conference center available for meetings, weddings and other special events.
The Blue Ball Barn is home to the Delaware Folk Art Collection, as well as an historical . . . — — Map (db m173286) HM
"The water we drink or the Common water of the missourie at this time, contains a half a Comm Wine Glass of ooze or mud to every pint-"
William Clark
June 21, 1804
The Missouri River of Lewis and Clark's era was wild and unpredictable. It . . . — — Map (db m53941) HM
"…we determin to delay at this Place three or four Days to make observations & recruit the party…"
Captain William Clark
June 27, 1804
On June 26, 1804, the U.S. Army expedition led by Captains Meriwether Lewis and William . . . — — Map (db m53964) HM
She was not at Kaw's Mouth
in June 1804, but joined the expedition later in April of 1805 at the Mandan villages in what is now North Dakota. — — Map (db m54007) HM
June 26, Tuesday 1804. "passed a bad Sand bar, where our tow rope broke twice, & with great exertions we rowed round it and Came to & Camped in the Point above the Kansas River."
William Clark
This Kansas artist's interpretation of the . . . — — Map (db m53962) HM
As early as the 1600s, the Kanza (or Kaw) Indians migrated from their home east of the Mississippi River and up the Missouri River into what is now northeastern Kansas. In the 1700s, the Kanza occupied two villages on the west bank of the Missouri: . . . — — Map (db m53945) HM
Lewis and Clark at Kaw Point
The Lewis and Clark expedition arrived here at Kaw Point on June 26, 1804, concluding another daily struggle against the powerful current of the Missouri River. Captain William Clark wrote in his journal that . . . — — Map (db m53939) HM
In 1804-06, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led about 40 soldiers and boatmen on an epic journey. President Thomas Jefferson commissioned this "Corps of Discovery" to find a route to the Pacific Ocean through the newly acquired . . . — — Map (db m53963) HM
The Post's surgeon lived here. In addition to treating the sick and injured, the post surgeon was himself a commissioned officer, in charge of enforcing proper sanitary measures. The regular inspection of living quarters, the water supply, . . . — — Map (db m71677) HM
Most officers in the regular army during the 1850s were professional soldiers with combat experience. Most had fought in the Mexican-American War (1846-47), and three quarters were West Point graduates. To those who had seen action in Mexico, . . . — — Map (db m71768) HM
A Minority in Their Homeland
For generations, the land stretching out around you was the homeland of the Dakota Indians. Through treaties in 1851, the Dakota sold all of their land in southern Minnesota. The treaties disregarded Dakota . . . — — Map (db m71126) HM
President Franklin D. Roosevelt Creates the CCC
During the early 1930s close to 40% of America's youth (16 to 24 years old) were unemployed and not in school. Twenty-five percent of adult men were unemployed. Out of this great economic . . . — — Map (db m71893) HM
The Dakota plan of attack on August 22 was the same as on the 20th—a volley of three shots from the north, followed by a rush of warriors from the east, south, and west. The plan was disrupted again when a mail carrier was spotted on the New Ulm . . . — — Map (db m199447) HM
You are standing where cannon fire stopped the Dakota assault on August 20, 1862. According to Tasina Wakanhdi (Lightning Blanket), who was involved in both attacks on the Fort, the warriors who made the first attack on Fort Ridgely were men from . . . — — Map (db m71702) HM
Large wood-burning ovens emitted so much heat that they were housed in a special structure on this site, remote from the other fort buildings.
Minnesota Historical Society
Fort Ridgely — — Map (db m72596) HM
In 1860, there were 39 women here at the fort. Most were the wives and daughters of officers and enlisted men. Others were governesses, servants, and cooks hired by officers. Civilian women like Wilhemina Randall, the wife of the post sutler, . . . — — Map (db m72751) HM
Erected by the State of
Minnesota
1873
Built by Sullivan & Terry, Mankato.
In memory of Capt. John S. Marsh • First Serg't Russell H. Findley • Serg't Solon A. Trescott • Corp'l Joseph S. Besse • Private Charles R. . . . — — Map (db m70679) WM
"Life in a CCC camp is a different kind of life than most boys have known. An enrollee, as a CCC man is called, does not have his own private room. There is no one to pamper him. He lives with 200 other men of . . . — — Map (db m71888) HM
Erected by the State of Minnesota in recognition of, and to commemorate the loyal and efficient services rendered to the State by Chief Mou-Zoo-Mau-Nee and the Chippewa Indians during the Sioux out-break and the civil war. — — Map (db m70730) WM
With hundreds of men and some 175 horses, the garrison had a gargantuan appetite for wood, hay, grain, corn, and beef. Unable to meet the requirements of the post through any direct federal supply system, the War Department issued contracts to . . . — — Map (db m71497) HM
The State
of Minnesota to
the Memory of
Mrs Eliza Müller
1877
Her valor and her devotion to the care of the sick and wounded soldiers and refugees during and after the Sioux Indian outbreak of 1862 will forever be . . . — — Map (db m70713) HM
Elden Lawrence writes about a daring rescue led by his great-grandfather, Lorenzo Lawrence:
The Dakota were divided about whether to go to war with the whites. After attempts to avert the fighting proved futile, many Dakota decided to . . . — — Map (db m72934) HM
Fort Ridgely both contradicts and fits the popular culture stereotype of a frontier fort. Following its 1855 completion, the Fort’s primary role was to assist the federal government with an orderly transition of land ownership from American Indians . . . — — Map (db m70107) HM
As the frontier moved westward, Fort Ridgely's importance declined. Troops were withdrawn on May 22, 1867, but the buildings and land remained the property of the federal government. Settlers pillaged the fort, carting off stone, wood, and other . . . — — Map (db m73002) HM
In memory of the fallen; in recognition
of the living; and for the emulation
of future generations.
Erected A.D. 1896, by the State of Minnesota, to preserve the site of Fort Ridgely, a United States military post established in . . . — — Map (db m70741) HM WM
The legacy of the hard work by the young men of the CCC and veterans of the VCC during the five years the camp was here lives on in the structures we still use and enjoy today.
"The CCC has . . . — — Map (db m71918) HM
The steamer West Newton left St. Paul on April 26, 1853, transporting the first soldiers to the site of the new post. It took four days to get from Fort Snelling to Fort Ridgely. John P. Owens, passenger and editor of The . . . — — Map (db m71504) HM
The army believed that routine promoted discipline. Soldiers were on duty six days a week from daybreak to dusk. Garrison life consisted of roll calls, inspections, parades, guard duty, weapons training, drills, and daily chores called fatigues. . . . — — Map (db m71993) HM
1826 Licensed U.S. fur buyer with H. H. Sibley.
1834 Owned Little Rock Trading Post on the Minnesota River.
1837 Interpreter for Indian Treaty at Fort Snelling and Washington D.C.
1838-39 Guide for Jean N. Nicollet, U.S. Gov’t . . . — — Map (db m183868) HM
Five log buildings stood in a row behind the barracks. They were among the earliest structures erected at the post to serve as officers' homes until regular quarters were completed. Archaeological excavations indicate that the building in the . . . — — Map (db m72801) HM
In 1972 Minnesota Historical Society archaeologists excavated a row of latrines that stood behind the officers' quarters, in order to retrieve household articles disposed of during the post's active years. This excavation revealed that the . . . — — Map (db m72670) HM
The frame structure that stood here probably housed two officers and their families, much as a duplex would today. A central hall divided the building, and each half contained living, sleeping, and cooking areas.
Minnesota Historical . . . — — Map (db m71980) HM
At first glance, this foundation of Officers' Quarters B appears identical to that of Officers' Quarters A. A closer look, however, reveals that this building was somewhat larger. Sketches of the two structures indicate they also had different . . . — — Map (db m71854) HM
This building was identical to Officers' Quarters B and was one of several Fort Ridgely structures excavated by G. Hubert Smith in the mid-1930s. Assisted by unemployed World War I veterans from the Works Progress Administration, Smith not only . . . — — Map (db m71625) HM
This original log powder magazine, and another one similar to it, stood across the road in front of you when Fort Ridgely was an active military post. These buildings were used for storing ammunition and unused weapons. During the 1862 battles, a . . . — — Map (db m71726) HM
Soldiers and civilian refugees peered anxiously in this direction, fearing another attack and praying for help. The garrison had dug entrenchments and built an earthen wall south of the fort. Barricades on all sides had been strengthened. During . . . — — Map (db m71599) HM
The immense stone barracks was the most impressive building at Fort Ridgely. Measuring 235 feet by 40 feet and two stories high, it could house as many as 400 enlisted men. Its two-foot-thick walls were made of rectangular granite blocks set in . . . — — Map (db m72209) HM
Fort Ridgely's commandant and its surgeon lived with their families in the structure on this site. A central hallway divided the quarters into two separate living units. The building was destroyed by fire in 1865.
Minnesota Historical . . . — — Map (db m71667) HM
On the morning of August 18, 1862, Captain John Marsh, 46 soldiers, and interpreter Peter Quinn left the fort to respond to news of violence at Lower Sioux Agency. After an 11-mile march, the soldiers prepared to cross the Minnesota River at the . . . — — Map (db m71633) HM
Fort Ridgely served as a buffer between Dakota Indians on the reservations and white settlers pouring into the Minnesota River valley. Soldiers stationed here enforced treaty agreements and protected the Dakota from intrusions onto their . . . — — Map (db m71197) HM
Arrived in 1816
Becoming the First White Settler of This Community
Donated & Erected by B. J. Krahn 1940
Hazen Mooers one of the pioneers of the fur trade with the Sioux, came to the no. west in 1816 conducted a trading post at Big Stone . . . — — Map (db m70664) HM
Most soldiers at Fort Ridgely were low-ranking enlisted men, and before 1861 most of these were foreign-born. Out of 166 enlisted men in the 1860 census, 70 were from Ireland, 34 from Germany, ten from Great Britain, and 33 from the United . . . — — Map (db m72429) HM
Although Fort Ridgely had been a state park since 1911, little development for recreation had occurred. Under the direction of the Department of Interior, the National Park Service (NPS) planned, designed, and supervised the . . . — — Map (db m71881) HM
A Tribute to All
Who Have Served Us
in War and Peace
Making Us Proud
to Be Americans
US Veterans of Foreign Wars Post #8459
US American Legion Post #205
For God and Country — — Map (db m78637) WM
Karamu House, Incorporated was established in 1915 as the Playhouse Settlement, one of Cleveland's many settlement houses for migrant and immigrant communities. Initiated by the Men's Club of the Second Presbyterian Church, in 1915 Oberlin College . . . — — Map (db m17771) HM
In memory of and tribute to all veterans.
Dedicated to those who have served
George Dillon • Peter C Bigheart • L B Calvin • Strother N Shaw • James W Sapp • William Todd • Chester W Owen • James P Middlebrook • Ed Batschelett • Orville V . . . — — Map (db m206317) WM
In Memory
Of
War Dead
Of
Allendale County
Dedicated June 1954
to the memory of
brave men, who died
that their country
might live — — Map (db m16900) HM
This Baptist Church, organized by 1854, built its first house of worship near here on land purchased in 1859 from A.R. Stokes. The congregation obtained the land for its present location in 1910 from G.D. Sanders and completed by 1914. In 1944 the . . . — — Map (db m9960) HM
[front text]
Fairfax, chartered in 1893 and
incorporated in 1896, grew out of
an early community centered around
Owens' Crossroads, where a store
was established in 1814, and later
including Bethlehem Baptist Church
( now First . . . — — Map (db m7082) HM
This church had its origins in a brush arbor as early as 1830 but was formally organized in 1878 with Rev. H. C. Smart as its first pastor and W. H. Cone and R. H. Mixon as its first deacons. Named Harmony Baptist Church by charter member Sarah . . . — — Map (db m25859) HM
This is the original fire bell used in Fairfax from the time of its establishment in 1892. The bell is mounted in front of the City Hall. The steps were designed and built by an early limestone layer and carpenter, Herman Glazer. William Koenig . . . — — Map (db m234974) HM
To honor and remember all men and women who served God, country and community in times of war and peace.
Killed in Action
William Burke WWI
Raymond Pike WWI
William E. Tupa WWII
Milton C. Krueger WWII
Lawrence H. Delany . . . — — Map (db m237283) WM
1893 Die Bethlehem Duetsche Congregational Gerininde Later Bethlehem German Congregational or Stone Church. This was the first deed registered in organized Gregory County. Church grounds were donated by John Hoffman April 8, 1897.
This pioneer . . . — — Map (db m234934) HM
The Arlington-Fairfax Line connected Fairfax with
Washington D.C. from 1904-1939 and briefly terminated near this location until 1908 when it was
extended to the courthouse after the original
station was destroyed by fire. The new stop . . . — — Map (db m76716) HM
During the First Battle of Manassas, amid the smoke of combat, troops found it difficult to distinguish between Union and Confederate flags. Generals P.G.T. Beauregard, Joseph E. Johnston and Quartermaster General William L. Cabell met near here in . . . — — Map (db m101514) HM
Blenheim, built for Albert and Mary Willcoxon about 1859, contains some of the nation’s best-preserved Civil War soldier writings. More than 110 identified Union soldiers, representing units from New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Wisconsin, West . . . — — Map (db m21077) HM
The City of Fairfax — since its settlement in the 1700s — has been at the heart of Northern Virginia's government and business activities. Home to more than 20,000 residents and 23,000 business and government employees, Fairfax is an independent . . . — — Map (db m197034) HM
Dedicated to all Service Members who served in all wars, and especially to those who gave their lives in order that our great nation will always remain
“The Land of the Free
and the Home of the Brave.”
Dedicated
20 June 1991 . . . — — Map (db m178655) WM
From Fairfax to
Appomattox
1861 - 1865.
Erected to the memory of the gallant sons of Fairfax, whose names are inscribed on this monument; but whose bodies lie buried on distant battle-fields; and to the memory of their 200 unknown . . . — — Map (db m218373) WM
It was erected to the memory of "the gallant sons of Fairfax whose names are inscribed on this monument but whose bodies lie buried on distant battlefields and their 200 unknown comrades whose remains are at rest under this mound." — — Map (db m218374) HM
“The outlook for agriculture in Fairfax is dismal.”County Agent R.B. Davis, Jr., 1946
Why was Davis so pessimistic? As he wrote, Blenheim owner Marguerite “Daisy” Duras’s diary cows were setting production records. . . . — — Map (db m25842) HM
It was in this house that Ranger John Mosby captured the Union area commander Brig. Gen. Edwin H. Stoughton, in bed, the night of March 9, 1863. — — Map (db m6233) HM
Built by Dr. Samuel Draper, this house probably served as his office and examining rooms. Many of the buildings adjoining the house were constructed as out-buildings. — — Map (db m6298) HM
Built by Dr. Simeon and Catherine (Wilkinson) Draper on a lot leased from town founder Richard Ratcliffe, this is the second oldest home still standing in the Old Town Fairfax Historic District. Catherine's sister was Matilda Wilkinson, the . . . — — Map (db m8226) HM
The home was built on top of the Manassas Gap Railway right-of-way which was the railway started before the Civil War. This railway construction was disbanded during the Civil War. The house was renovated in 1992 by Dr. Johnson A. Edosomwan. — — Map (db m6296) HM
On June 1. 1861, the first major skirmish of the Civil War occurred on the main street of Fairfax Court House. In the pre-dawn hours 50 men of Co. B, Second U.S. Cavalry, led by Lt. Charles H. Tomkins, rode into town firing their weapons. As . . . — — Map (db m626) HM
The Fairfax Herald was established in 1882 by Capt. S. R. Donohoe, who, in 1904 moved it to this small, one-story frame structure. The Herald remained in operation until 1966. — — Map (db m129153) HM
The Fairfax Rosenwald School or “Fairfax Colored School” was constructed in 1925–26 on this site. It replaced an earlier African-American school on Main Street east of the Fairfax Cemetery. In 1917, Julius Rosenwald, president of . . . — — Map (db m29482) HM
This was the home of Antonia Ford, imprisoned as a spy following Ranger Mosby's night capture of the local Union commander, Brig. Gen. Edwin H. Stoughton, March 9, 1863. A search of the house had revealed an honorary aide-de-camp commission to . . . — — Map (db m6366) HM
General Michael Corcoran died at the W. P. Gunnell House near here on 22 Dec. 1863 after being thrown from a runaway horse on Ox Road, a quarter mile to the south. Corcoran headed all area Washington Defense Department forces at the time. Corcoran . . . — — Map (db m76725) HM
Margaret Conn Willcoxon Farr, known as "Grandma Farr" lived in "Grandma's Cottage" from about 1867 until her death in 1904. At that time, the house stood at its original location at the northeast corner of Main and North Streets. A sister of . . . — — Map (db m197422) HM
Harold Skeins, Sr. grew up in a small town in Marmet, WV. After enlisting in the U.S. army, Harold ended up in Fairfax City, where he met his wife Patricia (Pat) and raised their family.
As far as anyone can remember Harold always carried a . . . — — Map (db m197290) HM
A family farm, a Civil War encampment site, and a country home, Historic Blenheim now welcomes visitors to explore its landscape and many stories. Over 200 years ago, family patriarch Rezin Willcoxon moved here from Prince Georges County, . . . — — Map (db m24662) HM
This is the oldest, two-story, brick public school house in Fairfax County. Bricks were made from a clay pit on the Farr property across Main St. The original portion of this structure, the rear, was built for then considered exorbitant cost of . . . — — Map (db m6303) HM
The first skirmish of the Civil War occurred on Main Street June 1, 1861. Ex-Governor, "Extra Billy" Smith, a civilian, ran from this house to take charge of the Warrenton Rifles. Their commanding officer, Capt. John Quincy Marr, had been killed, . . . — — Map (db m6258) HM
Cuts and fills of the Independent Line of the Manassas Gap Railroad are visible along this line and at various places through Fairfax County to Sudley Ford on Bull Run. Running north of the Little River Turnpike from Annandale and along North Street . . . — — Map (db m132720) HM
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