Born June 18, 1916, in Florala, Alabama, Inez Jessie Turner Baskin was
the only child of J.L. and Cora Turner. The family relocated to
Montgomery around 1918. She graduated from Booker T. Washington High
School and obtained a degree from Alabama . . . — — Map (db m238158) HM
A native of Notasulga in Macon County, Alabama, he was the son of Mrs. Stella Elizabeth (Burks) Livingston and Mr. James Cooper Livingston of Macon County.
Chief Justice Livingston attended the public school of Macon County and Alabama . . . — — Map (db m86123) HM
Montgomery 1848-1849 Operations he devised cured a then considered hopeless malady—gaining him fame as a benefactor of women.
Founded—Women's Hospital—City of New York—-1855. Decorated by Emperor of France—Kings . . . — — Map (db m87208) HM
A graduate of West Point Military Academy, he served the United States as Colonel of Mississippi Volunteers, Mexican War; member of House of Representatives, Senator, and as Secretary of War. Inaugurated President of the provisional government, . . . — — Map (db m155530) HM
This home was originally owned in 1901 by Emily V. Semple. It changed hands several times until purchased by Flora K. Daniels and Arlam and Johnnie R. Carr, Sr. The Carrs moved into this residence in 1943. They resided here during the 1955 . . . — — Map (db m71265) HM
Side A Jonathan Coggswell Farley 1798-1864Farley acquired two lots on this site in 1817. Here he built both the town's first frame store and first frame two-story building, his house. In Farley's store, an election was held January 3, 1820 . . . — — Map (db m86124) HM
Had his bank on this site 1852-1891. He helped finance Montgomery's business, railroads and industry. Here on Dec. 19, 1870, he bought 4150 acres of land and deeded them to the Elyton Land Co. which later was platted, and on his motion named the . . . — — Map (db m36648) HM
Following two attempted marches from Selma in 1965
civil rights leaders turned to the federal courts for legal
protection prior to the Selma To Montgomery March.
Federal District Court Judge Frank M. Johnson, Jr.,
appointed by President . . . — — Map (db m91321) HM
(side 1)
Juliette Hampton Morgan
Juliette Hampton Morgan was a white Montgomery, Alabama librarian whose privileged upbringing seemed unlikely to produce the determined civil rights activist that she became. Her letters to the . . . — — Map (db m71258) HM
Designed by Stephen Decatur Button, Knox Hall built in the 1840's by William Knox, a native of Ireland who settled in Montgomery in 1830's. Knox founded Central Bank of Montgomery which made first loans to Confederate government.
House . . . — — Map (db m71250) HM
Front
Our Nation Honors People
Who Answered the Call
To Defend a Country
They Never Knew
And People
They Never Met
'Remember Forever" (In Hanguk - yeong-wonhi gieog hari)
Reverse
United Nations . . . — — Map (db m94927) WM
To the
Ladies Memorial Association
formed in this auditorium
April 1866 for the purpose
of ministering to the living
Confederate soldier and
to keep in remembrance
his high principles
and heroic deeds. . . . — — Map (db m71277) HM
On May 20, 1961, a Greyhound bus arrived here with 21 Black and white student Freedom Riders. They aimed to test U.S. Supreme Court rulings that banned the segregation of interstate passengers on buses and in bus stations. News cameras . . . — — Map (db m224866) HM
Lilly Baptist Church, established November, 1900 as a missionary church of Bethel Missionary Baptist. Originally located on St. Clair Street in a small frame building. Moved May 27, 1973, into new 1500-seat sanctuary at present location. Education . . . — — Map (db m71088) HM
Side 1
Lincoln Cemetery
1907
In 1907 the American Securities Company opened Lincoln Cemetery for African Americans and Greenwood Cemetery for whites, the first commercial cemeteries in the city. Landscape design indicates . . . — — Map (db m71342) HM
Built by James J. Gilmer. Purchased by Reuben C. Shorter, 1849, for his wife, Caroline A.V. Billingslea, who later married Tennent Lomax, captain and governor of Orizaba, Mexican War colonel, 3rd Ala. Infantry Regt., CSA, killed at Battle of Seven . . . — — Map (db m86128) HM
Loveless School
Montgomery's first junior and senior high schools for African American students began in Loveless School. Built in 1923 and enlarged in 1930, this building first housed seven grades; the opening of Carver Elementary School and . . . — — Map (db m71082) HM
History Happened Here
The City of Montgomery built this public park on one of the
lots occupied by the Montgomery Fair Department Store.
Rosa Parks was an assistant to the tailor for Montgomery Fair.
On December 1, 1955, Mrs. Parks . . . — — Map (db m121435) HM
Located on the Federal Road near Line Creek (present Waugh) in eastern Montgomery County, this wayside hotel was built prior to 1818 and was owned by a least two other families before coming into the possession of Walter and Eliza Lucas around . . . — — Map (db m98557) HM
A native of Troy, Lucien Dunbibben Gardner graduated with a Bachelor of Science Degree, from the State Normal School at Troy in 1894. He earned his Bachelor of Arts Degree from The University of Alabama and graduated from the Law Department in 1897. . . . — — Map (db m69333) HM
Made in Alabama
Alabama has contributed to the nation's arts and
entertainment life since statehood. In the mid-twentieth
century, it shaped American culture in profound ways.
In a career launched from Montgomery radio and . . . — — Map (db m182641) HM
In 1890, Elijah Madison Jr., Charles Branson, Charles Braswell and others donated funds to construct a private school in the Madison Park Community, which was founded by 14 former Slaves in 1880. A storm soon destroyed the first school building. . . . — — Map (db m142146) HM
Major Charles W. DavisA native of Montgomery, graduate of Lanier, alumnus of the Universities of Alabama and Maryland. Major Davis was awarded the Medal of Honor as Executive Officer, 2d Battalion, 27th Infantry Regiment, 25th Infantry Division. . . . — — Map (db m86129) HM
The sculpture, made of corten steel, mimics the arched shape of the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, AL. The silhouettes, cut as one solid shape, symbolize the marchers' determination to complete the 50-mile journey from Selma, AL and reach the steps . . . — — Map (db m153065) HM
On this site stood, until December 1899, the house in which Marquis de Lafayette was given a public reception and ball, April 4, 1825, while on his last tour through the United States.
This tablet is placed by the Society of the Sons of the . . . — — Map (db m70727) HM
In 1900, Marshall Moore and his wife, Agnes V. McClain commissioned Joseph G. Nesbitt, Sr., an African-American contractor/builder, to construct this Victorian period cottage. The Moores, among the first graduates and early faculty members of . . . — — Map (db m86130) HM
The Air Force presence in Montgomery, Alabama began in April 1918 with the
establishment of the U.S. Army Air Service's Aircraft and Engine Repair Depot #3 at
the same site as the earlier Wright Brothers' flying school. On November 8, 1922,
the . . . — — Map (db m146981) HM
In 1910, Wilbur and Orville Wright opened a flying school on the
Kohn plantation west of Montgomery where for three months they
trained aviators and made history with the first night flight. Today,
Maxwell AFB, home of the Air University, the Air . . . — — Map (db m146978) HM
French Air Force
Aubry Jacques •
Audonnet Gaston •
Barthelemy Marcell •
Benvenuto Marcel •
Berlin Lucien •
Bergeron Marcel •
Bonnet Paul •
Bother Maurice •
Burial Robert •
Bernard Jacques •
Ouin Henri •
Cartreau Pierre •
Case . . . — — Map (db m206429) WM
Side A House built circa 1912. It has been the home of the ministers of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church since 1919. Its most famous occupant, Dr. Martin Luther King, lived here from Sept. 1954-Feb. 1960. During this time he led the Bus Boycott . . . — — Map (db m86132) HM
After Horseshoe Bend defeat, Creeks ceded millions of acres to United States. Cotton was in great demand. This area ideal for crop which is still planted on peninsular across river. In 1817, lands went on sale. Andrew Dexter, Massachusetts lawyer, . . . — — Map (db m61802) HM
Side 1
Montgomery and Electricity
Gaslights in 1854, electric lights in 1883 and the electric trolley in 1886 made Montgomery a state leader in applying modern technology for lighting and motive power. Steam was used first for . . . — — Map (db m71367) HM
Side A The first American Chamber of Commerce was organized in New York City in 1770. The Montgomery Chamber was organized in 1873. Thomas Joseph was its first President. The Alabama State Journal stated at its founding, "Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m36568) HM
(Front)Built 1936-37 Following a fire in 1932 that destroyed a 19th century City Hall, architect Frank Lockwood designed a replacement for the same site. With the Depression affecting all construction projects during the period, the . . . — — Map (db m36571) HM
Montgomery County Circuit Court
Site of Major Civil Rights Cases 1956-1960
In 1956, 89 persons were indicted for violating an anti-boycott law; Rosa Parks' conviction was appealed; the Montgomery Improvement Association car . . . — — Map (db m94925) HM
In grateful memory of the men and women of Montgomery County who fought for God and country on the field of honor in the Korean War They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old: age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn. At the going . . . — — Map (db m36578) WM
Respectfully dedicated to the memory of the men and women
of Montgomery County who made the supreme sacrifice in
World War Two. 1941—1945
Around the circular monument
On Land, On Sea, and in the Air They Died That . . . — — Map (db m94929) WM
Freemasonry is a fraternal order which promotes a spirit of brotherhood, devotion to family, and service to God and country. Local Masonic Lodges and affiliated organizations, such as the Eastern Star, Scottish and York Rite bodies, the Shrine, . . . — — Map (db m71374) HM
On multiple occasions in 1955, black women were arrested for challenging Montgomery's law requiring racial segregation on buses. The arrest of Rosa Parks sparked a mass protest that launched the modern civil rights movement and brought to prominence . . . — — Map (db m118040) HM
Opened in Oct. 1860 as the South moved closer to secession, the theatre was significant in the social, cultural and political life of the city. In the early months, John Wilkes Booth performed here, Bryant Minstrels introduced "Dixie," which was . . . — — Map (db m36572) HM
Montgomery: Learning from the Past
The Whitehurst Case has proven transformative in Montgomery and is part of the body of events and individuals that have shaped both the struggle for civil rights and the relationship between the Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m242522) HM
Side A The city’s slave market was at the Artesian Basin (Court Square). Slaves of all ages were auctioned, along with land and livestock, standing in line to be inspected. Public posters advertised sales and included gender, approximate . . . — — Map (db m28187) HM
Montgomery's Cotton Slide
The history of Montgomery Panel Project is place on top of the remains of Montgomery's Cotton Slide. The Cotton Slide was used to transport heavy cotton bales from the streets above to the waiting steamboats below. . . . — — Map (db m78145) HM
Montgomery's Slave Depots
Montgomery slave traders operated depots where enslaved men, women, and children were confined. The slave depots functioned as active trading sites and as detention facilities where the enslaved were held captive . . . — — Map (db m71227) HM
Side 1
Located in the heart of one of Montgomery's historic African-American neighborhoods. Mount Zion A.M.E. Zion Church was constructed in 1899 and heavily remodeled in 1921. It served as a significant center for religious, political, and . . . — — Map (db m86411) HM
In 1866, courage, determination, and faith ignited a desire in several supporters to start a church in the Old Selma Road community. Mt. Olive Missionary Baptist Church was incorporated on December 19, 1858. A total of four structures have been . . . — — Map (db m244313) HM
Greek Revival Home built, 1851 by John H. Murphy, cotton broker and an incorporator and director of the Montgomery Water Works Company, chartered 1854. Union Army Provost Marshal's Headquarters 1865. Elks Club 1902-1967. Restored by Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m36569) HM
Naming the City of Montgomery
Montgomery named for Richard Montgomery, first
American general killed in the Revolutionary War.
In 1819, the Alabama Legislature combined New
Philadelphia and East Alabama to form Montgomery.
Walter B. . . . — — Map (db m69297) HM
Several cultures have occupied this region including
Woodland, Mississippian and, later, Muskogeans.
Called "Creeks" by Europeans, the latter made
their homes along banks of streams. A loose
confederation of tribes, Creeks developed a . . . — — Map (db m146977) HM
The six streets which cross Dexter Avenue between Court Square and the State Capitol are named for Oliver Hazard Perry, James Lawrence, Thomas Macdonough, Issac Hull, Stephen Decatur and William Bainbridge, all naval officers of the War of 1812. . . . — — Map (db m99545) HM
(Side A):Office of Dr. Luther Leonidas HillThis early 20th-century building was office of Dr. L.L. Hill who, in 1902, performed first open heart surgery in the Western Hemisphere when he sutured stab wound in young boy's heart. A . . . — — Map (db m86413) HM
Organized on June 19, 1819, by Rev. James McLemore, Electious Thompson, Arnold Edwards, and E. Jeter, Old Elam is one of Montgomery's earliest Baptist churches. It began with fourteen members and was one of the four original churches that comprised . . . — — Map (db m111373) HM
Old Elam Baptist Church Cemetery is Montgomery County's 22nd cemetery listed in the prestigious Alabama Historic Cemetery Register. Rev. James McLemore, Electious Thompson, Arnold Edwards, and E. Jeter founded Old Elam Baptist Church on June 19, . . . — — Map (db m82565) HM
The city cemetery was begun by donations of land from Andrew Dexter in 1817 and from General John Scott in 1818. Dexter and Scott had founded separate villages which combined to form Montgomery in 1819. The early part of the graveyard was known as . . . — — Map (db m36496) HM
This congregation was organized by the Court Street Methodist Church in the early 1850s. The latter group offered their 1835 wood frame building to the black members if they would relocate it. In 1852 the church was moved to this site under the . . . — — Map (db m168917) HM
Built on this site by architect Charles Ordeman in 1852-1853, this upscale townhouse exemplifies the newly fashionable Italianate style, with its bracketed overhanging roof cornice and asymmetric door placement. A showcase for modern design in its . . . — — Map (db m71394) HM
Born on the west side of Holt Street, April 11, 1899, Percy Lavon Julian entered Depauw University in 1916; graduated in chemistry with Phi Beta Kappa honors. Earned master's from Harvard, Ph.D. at the University of Vienna. His studies led to a . . . — — Map (db m86418) HM
Pickett Springs
Railroad building and amusement park development flourished in the post-bellum South. In 1880s, Western Railroad of Alabama opened Pickett Springs on site of William Harris’s plantation, “Forest Farm;” Harris’s daughter, Sarah, . . . — — Map (db m38900) HM
One of the oldest continuously existing African
American churches in Montgomery. Pleasant Grove
Missionary Baptist Church was founded in 1881 by
the Rev. J. H. Kennedy. The original sanctuary was
a small wooden building, heated in colder . . . — — Map (db m223853) HM
Populism
Through the 1870s and 1880s, depressed cotton prices
brought suffering and hardship for hundreds of thousands
of farm families, black and white. In the 1890s, a coalition
of small farmers and industrial laborers challenged . . . — — Map (db m182616) HM
Sitting on the “Victory Ride” bus (up-front) after the 382-day Montgomery Bus Boycott and after the U.S. Supreme Court ruling ended segregation on buses
in Montgomery, Alabama.
Troy University opened the Rosa Parks Museum on December 1, 2000, . . . — — Map (db m194449) HM
Professor John Metcalfe Starke "Fessor Starke" 1860-1941A native of Virginia, John Metcalfe Starke received his early education in Petersburg and graduated from the University of Virginia in 1882, earning diplomas in Latin and mathematics. He . . . — — Map (db m86421) HM
Black and brown people in the United States often are presumed dangerous and guilty when thet have done nothing wrong. Our history of racial inequality has created conscious and unconscious bias that has resulted in racial discrimination against . . . — — Map (db m119077) HM
Front
On August 28, 1917, 3,677 Alabama National Guardsmen departed
from Montgomery's Union Station for shipment to France as the
167th United States Infantry Regiment of the Rainbow Divison.
Serving in the 84th Brigade, with . . . — — Map (db m107608) WM
Montgomery native Ray W. Scott Jr. launched the Bass Anglers Sportsman Society (B.A.S.S.) in 1967 from a small office upstairs at 513 Madison Avenue. From this beginning, B.A.S.S. became the largest sportfishing organization in the world. Scott . . . — — Map (db m98551) HM
Resistance and War
In the 1790s and early 1800s, U.S. treaties recognized Creek
land ownership, but illegal encroachment by whites began
cycles of violence and revenge by both sides.
The Creeks disagreed on how to respond. Those who . . . — — Map (db m182573) HM
On May 12, 1919, three trains with 1,451 survivors of the original 3,677 soldiers of Alabama's 167th Infantry arrived at Montgomery Union Station to parade to the Capitol. The Return from the Argonne Memorial, by sculptor James Butler, R.A., . . . — — Map (db m186356) HM WM
Born December 24, 1940, in Chambers County, John L. Alford Sr. was
an educator, clergyman, humanitarian, and civil rights leader. After
graduating from high school in Lanett, he attended Alabama State
University and Selma University, earning . . . — — Map (db m194772) HM
Front
Born on July 7, 1937, in Calhoun, Alabama, Richard C. Boone
devoted his life to the causes of civil and human rights. He joined
the Air Force at the age of sixteen and following his service received
a degree in political . . . — — Map (db m155066) HM
Robert S. Graetz Jr. was born in Clarksburg, West Virginia, in 1928.
He studied theology at Capital University and Evangelical Lutheran
Theological Seminary, both in Ohio. Active in organizing campus
social justice causes, he was also a member of . . . — — Map (db m173401) HM
Built early 1850's by Samuel Farrow Rice, state legislator and Chief Justice, Alabama Supreme Court. Sold in late 1860's to attorney Henry Churchill Semple, whose family occupied home until 1954 when sold to John Haardt, a realtor.
Sold to . . . — — Map (db m74157) HM
Side A A Lady of Courage
Born in Tuskegee, AL on February 4, 1913, to James McCauley, a carpenter, and Leona Edwards, a teacher. Moved with mother and brother to Pine Level, AL after parents' separation. Enrolled in Mrs. White's School . . . — — Map (db m36503) HM
On December 1, 1955, Rosa Louis McCauley Parks was arrested on this site for refusing the order of city bus driver J. F. Blake to vacate her seat under the segregation laws of the Jim Crow era. She was taken to police headquarters at City Hall for . . . — — Map (db m91286) HM
Side A
At the bus stop on this site on December 1, 1955, Mrs. Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to boarding whites. This brought about her arrest, conviction, and fine. The Boycott began December 5, the day of Parks’ trial, as a . . . — — Map (db m86422) HM
Rosa Parks Returns to St. Paul AME
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, the Mother of the Civil Rights Movement, passed away in Detroit on Oct. 24, 2005 at the age of 92. Six days later, dressed in the uniform of an AME deaconess, her body arrived . . . — — Map (db m127280) HM
Rosa M. Parks (1913-2005) was arrested on a Montgomery bus December 1, 1955 for refusing to relinquish her seat to a white passenger. Her arrest, which happened 2 blocks west on Montgomery Street, sparked the 381-day Montgomery Bus Boycott, which . . . — — Map (db m143325) HM
One of Montgomery’s oldest African American-owned businesses, Ross-Clayton Funeral Home was founded in 1918, as a partnership between insurance agent Robert Ambers Ross and a colleague. A partnership was later formed with William and Frazzie . . . — — Map (db m155107) HM
Buried here are 78 officers and men of the Royal Air Force who lost their lives whilst training in Montgomery, Alabama during the Second World War.
Nearly 1,000 men who died during that war or the First World War when serving with the forces of . . . — — Map (db m88770) HM WM
Rural Life
Despite the growth of cities and industry, until the 1940s
most Alabamians lived on farms. In an economy where cotton
was still king, merchants would extend credit only for that
crop, leading to overproduction and low prices. . . . — — Map (db m182622) HM
Secession & Confederacy
For fifteen years before the Civil War, Alabamians took
prominent roles in a national debate over the expansion of
slavery into the western territories. A series of compromises
maintained peace until 1860, when the . . . — — Map (db m182601) HM
The intensity of the war caused the desire for a new national flag that was in no way similar to the U.S. flag. The "Stainless Banner" was adopted by the Confederate Congress on May 1, 1863. The cross of St. Andrew, depicted on the flag, has been . . . — — Map (db m86423) HM
Segregation
In the late 1800s, Alabama law required separate schools and
public accommodations for whites and blacks and prohibited
interracial marriage. Custom, backed by the threat or use of
violence, including lynching, required black . . . — — Map (db m182635) HM
Side A The Selma-to-Montgomery March ended here on March 25, 1965, when 25,000 civil rights marchers arrived at the Alabama State Capitol to demand the right to vote for African Americans. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and other civil rights . . . — — Map (db m62747) HM
Side 1:
Sherman, Sr. and Nettie White lived at this address on W. Jeff Davis Ave. Both teachers, they taught their children Sherman Jr., Willa, James, and Samson to love their country and value education. Willa, James, and Samson would graduate . . . — — Map (db m71084) HM
Established in 1910 on South McDonough Street, this school was named for the well-known southern poet, Sidney Lanier, who resided in Montgomery 1866-67.
This late Gothic Revival building was constructed 1928-29 to consolidate the original . . . — — Map (db m86424) HM
Only surviving residence of former Mayor E.B. Joseph. The Italianate cottage was built c. 1855 by Pickett Chauncey Smith, a merchant in antebellum Montgomery, and father-in-law of E.B. Joseph, who occupied the house from 1880 to 1885. Joseph served . . . — — Map (db m86426) HM
Side 1
South Jackson Street
Long a home to African-American professionals, politicians, and businessmen, South Jackson Street is in the heart of Centennial Hill, a neighborhood which developed in the 1870s. One block north at . . . — — Map (db m71354) HM
Present building erected 1855 under rectorship of Nicholas Hamner Cobbs, first Bishop of Alabama. Primary convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Confederate States of America was held here, July 3-6, 1861. Charles Minnegerode . . . — — Map (db m36570) HM
By the turn of the twentieth century, African Americans were gathering on Hardaway Street in a brush arbor to worship. In 1907, they incorporated what is now known as St. Paul African Methodist Episcopal Church, with Rev. Felix Strum serving as the . . . — — Map (db m127279) HM
St. Peter's Church has occupied this site since a small wooden church, begun in 1833, was built on land donated by Mr. Edward Hanrick. Rt. Rev. Michael Portier, D.D., first Catholic Bishop of Mobile, dedicated the first church on April 25, 1834. A . . . — — Map (db m36581) HM
Here on May 24, 1703, Alabama Indians ambushed the first French explorers from Mobile, killing three and wounding two critically. The Indians were armed and were used as pawns by British agents from Carolina in the European struggle for dominion . . . — — Map (db m67999) HM
The civil rights movement in Montgomery was born from the support
of both organized groups and individual residents. The day-in-day-out support came from local citizens, who were guided by groups on both the local and the national level.
The . . . — — Map (db m91467) HM
