The Confederate Congress never issued any regulations specifying which type flag should be carried by regiments in the field. Early in the war, flags were made at home for presentation to individual companies. At first, national flags replaced . . . — — Map (db m86056) HM
Upon an outpouring of complaints that the 2nd national flag was too similar to a flag of truce, a red bar was added by act of Confederate Congress on March 4, 1865. Very few of these flags ever flew, however, as the war ended shortly thereafter. . . . — — Map (db m69326) HM
An Alabama regiment was formed in 1836 to defend Fort Foster in Florida. Same unit, designated the 1st Alabama Volunteers ten years later, served in Mexican War. Mustered again May 4, 1861 as the 4th Alabama Infantry Regiment, it fought in every . . . — — Map (db m38897) HM
World War I
Camp Sheridan was the site of the August 1917 organization of the Buckeye Division, made up of Ohio National Guardsmen who previously had been serving on the Mexican Border.
After training, the 37th went to France in June 1918, . . . — — Map (db m38895) WM
The 9th Division was organized on 18 July 1918 at Camp Sheridan for service in World War I. When the War ended, 11 November 1918, deployment of the Division to France was canceled and it was demobilized on 15 February 1919. Reactivated on 1 August . . . — — Map (db m76161) HM
Created by Mississippi Territorial Legislature from lands ceded by Creek Indian Nation in Treaty of Fort Jackson, 1814. Named for Major Lemuel Purnell Montgomery, killed at Horseshoe Bend, 1814, while leading charge on Indian fortifications. . . . — — Map (db m36579) HM
This mural depicts the 54-mile march from the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama to the State Capitol in Montgomery in March 1965. Demonstrators along the bottom march with leaders of the Civil Rights Movement in the center, including Martin . . . — — Map (db m153061) HM
The Alabama State Capitol served as the symbol and meeting place for the government of the newly formed Confederate States of America for 4 months in early 1861. Growing controversy over slavery and states' rights, climaxed by Abraham Lincoln's . . . — — Map (db m36507) HM
The City of St Jude, always a refuge for African Americans, hosted the marchers on the last night of their journey. This religious complex—named for the patron saint of impossible situations—housed a school church and hospital and had a 36-acre . . . — — Map (db m91481) HM
Following their defeat at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, the Creek Indians ceded millions of acres to the U.S. government. Within the cession, two rival towns soon sprang up on the south bank of the Alabama River's "Big Bend": New . . . — — Map (db m143118) HM
Side 1
Abram Mordecai
1755-1849
Born October 24, 1755 in Pennsylvania; settled 1783 in Georgia where he became a successful trader among the Cusseta Indians. First U.S. citizen to settle (1785) in what became Montgomery County. . . . — — Map (db m71357) HM
Alabama Bicentennial Park
Alabama Bicentennial Park commemorates Alabama's
200th anniversary of statehood. The park's bronze relief
sculptures present sixteen moments from Alabama history,
complemented by narratives that provide historical . . . — — Map (db m182565) HM
North/Navy Side "The seamen of Confederate fame startled the wondering world: for braver fight was never fought, and fairer flag was never furled." Anon.
West/Cavalry Side "The knightliest of the knightly race who since the . . . — — Map (db m86060) HM
For almost the first century of statehood, Alabama's governors lived in private homes or hotels while in office. In 1911 the state acquired the Moses Sable home on South Perry Street for the governor's residence. Lined with fine houses, Perry was . . . — — Map (db m25413) HM
Twelve miles above Montgomery the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers unite to form the Alabama which meanders over four hundred miles on its way to Mobile Bay. This river has played major role in region's history, being a thoroughfare for Native Americans, . . . — — Map (db m26591) HM
Has been desiginated a
Registered National
Historic Landmark
Under the provisions of the
Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935
this site possesses exceptional value
in commemorating and illustrating
the history of the United . . . — — Map (db m74156) HM
Side 1
Alabama State University
The Early Years
Founded in 1867, the Lincoln School in Marion, Alabama became the first state-assisted normal school for African Americans in 1874. The school prospered in that location for 13 . . . — — Map (db m71345) HM
Side A Founded 1866 as the Abraham Lincoln Normal School in Marion, Alabama by nine former slaves. Operated from 1868 until 1874 by the American Missionary Association. The school began to receive state funding in 1874, making it the first . . . — — Map (db m86061) HM
Alabama Territory
In 1817, the present-day states of Alabama and Mississippi
were both part of one Mississippi Territory. When Congress
designated Mississippi as a new state in 1817, it provided
that the eastern half of the territory would . . . — — Map (db m182578) HM
Alabama's First Capitals
On March 3, 1817, Congress designated the town of St. Stephens on the Tombigbee River north of Mobile as capital of the newly formed Alabama Territory. There in 1818, the territorial legislature named Huntsville as the . . . — — Map (db m86063) HM
Alabama's First Peoples
Humans arrived in what is now Alabama near the end of
the last Ice Age. Waves of people migrated through the area
for centuries before some of them established settlements.
Over time, their culture advanced through . . . — — Map (db m182568) HM
Alabama's Third Century
As Alabama looks beyond its bicentennial year, the future
holds unprecedented opportunity and familiar challenges.
Where coal mines and cotton fields once dominated the
landscape, Alabamians devise cutting edge . . . — — Map (db m182652) HM
To the memory of
Albert L. Patterson
1896-1954
Soldier, Educator, Attorney,
State Senator Attorney General-Elect
An honorable life dedicated to
his fellowman and to the cause of
good government. Shot down by an
assassin's . . . — — Map (db m86064) HM
At the intersection of Commerce Street and Dexter Avenue, Court Square is arguably the most historic location in America. As the center of 19th century
Southern economic and political power, Montgomery's Court Square was host to a massive slave . . . — — Map (db m91736) HM
Augusta, home of Old Augusta Cemetery, was built on the site of a former Indian village, “Sawanogi,” on high ground close to the Tallapoosa River. In 1824 a disastrous flood swept over the plateau, invading shops and residences. A year . . . — — Map (db m68260) HM
Side 1
Aurelia Eliscera Shines Browder was born January 29, 1919, in Montgomery, Alabama. She graduated with honors in 1956 from Alabama State Teachers College (now Alabama State University).
In April 1955, Browder's refusal to give up . . . — — Map (db m71349) HM
(side 1)
Bernard Whitehurst and the Whitehurst Case
On December 2, 1975, Bernard Whitehurst was shot to death by a police officer in Montgomery, Alabama. He died behind a house on Holcombe Street, running from police officers . . . — — Map (db m69366) HM
Bertha Pleasant Williams
First black employee of Montgomery library system, Bertha Pleasant Williams received a high school degree in Fairfield, AL in 1939, a degree from Alabama State College (now ASU) in 1943, and, in 1949, a BLS degree . . . — — Map (db m71388) HM
Bertha Pleasant Williams Library Rosa L. Parks Avenue Branch has been placed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks & Heritage by the Alabama Historical Commission October 25, 2018 — — Map (db m136278) HM
Organized in 1967 as the Second Colored Baptist Church, congregation later changed named to Bethel Missionary Baptist. First building burned in 1908. Rev. E.W. Pickett then conducted services in "Love and Charity Hall" until second structure built . . . — — Map (db m71089) HM
Beulah Baptist Church was organized in the home of Monday and Dora Duvall, on the corner of Hull and Winnie Streets. Rev. William (Billy) Jenkins served as the pastor when the first church building was erected on Norton Street. Beulah served as the . . . — — Map (db m71377) HM
Side 1
On Dec. 1, 1955, at Alabama State College (now Alabama State University) in a basement room in Councill Hall, the Montgomery Bus Boycott was planned and publicized after the arrest that day of Rosa Parks, who refused to give up . . . — — Map (db m91279) HM
Nat King Cole was a jazz pianist, composer, and singer celebrated as an American popular music artist in the 1940s and 1950s.
He was born March 17, 1919 in Montgomery, Alabama as one of five children to Edward James Coles, a minister at Beulah . . . — — Map (db m71228) HM
Unit A of the Bricklayers Hall served as the office of Charles Swinger
Conley, who was the attorney of record for Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.,
and the Montgomery Improvement Association. In 1961, Conley joined
with Attorney Arthur Kinoy, who gave . . . — — Map (db m175162) HM
As the social and cultural epicenters of Montgomery's black
communities in the 1950s and 1960s, black churches also played a
political role, providing sanctuary and strength against discrimination
On December 5, 1955 following the first day of . . . — — Map (db m91464) HM
1868-1869: Senate: Benjamin F. Royal, Bullock; House: Benjamin Alexander, Greene; James H. Alston, Macon; Samuel Blandon, Lee; John Carraway, Mobile; George Cox, Montgomery; Thomas H. Diggs, . . . — — Map (db m46414) HM
1868-1869: Senate: Benjamin F. Royal, Bullock; House: Benjamin Alexander, Greene; James H. Alston, Macon; Samuel Blandon, Lee; John Carraway, Mobile; George Cox, Montgomery; Thomas H. Diggs, . . . — — Map (db m91290) HM
(side 1)
Brigadier General Birkett Davenport Fry, CSA
Born Virginia; educated VMI and West Point; fought in Mexico; practiced law in California; married Alabamian whose family owned the Tallassee cotton mill; served as general in . . . — — Map (db m86065) HM
The Alabama Legislature approved a bill sponsored by Rep. T.E. Martin of Montgomery County in 1927 that designated the Goldenrod the official state flower. It became law on Sept. 6, 1927, the same day that the Yellowhammer became the official . . . — — Map (db m86066) HM
From Division Headquarters, located at this point from August 1917 to May 1918, was directed the training of the Thirty Seventh Division, National Guard Troops of Ohio, for Service in the World War.
The Relief map below indicates the locations . . . — — Map (db m38899) HM
While Capitol Heights was a new town, city leaders, including founder and first mayor J. S. Pinckard, donated land for an elementary school. The community partnered with the Montgomery County Board of Education to build the Capitol Heights . . . — — Map (db m81810) HM
This neighborhood evolved around historic First Congregational Church established through the American Missionary Association (AMA) October 6, 1872, by Pastor George Whitfield Andrews. In 1867 the AMA and the Freedmen's Bureau, headed by General . . . — — Map (db m86067) HM
Side 1
Charles O. Harris was born in Tuskegee, Alabama, on August 5, 1852.
He attended Oberlin College in Ohio. Later, in 1870, he became one of
the first students at Howard University in Washington, D.C. Returning
to Alabama during . . . — — Map (db m155110) HM
Lucille and Charlie (d. 2/7/78) Times were married on February 3, 1939. Shortly after, the Times' joined the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Mr. Times received several medals and a Commendation for his service in . . . — — Map (db m81804) HM
Greek immigrant Christopher Anastasios Katechis opened Chris’ Hot Dogs on May 1, 1917, at 138 Dexter Avenue. Until the 1960’s, Chris offered curb service for its hot dogs, leading to long lines of cars cued for service. The hot dogs featured Chris’ . . . — — Map (db m103243) HM
City of Montgomery Two small villages, New Philadelphia, founded by Massachusetts lawyer Andrew Dexter in 1817, and East Alabama, established by Georgians led by John Scott in 1818, united in 1819 to form Montgomery, named for Revolutionary hero . . . — — Map (db m86068) HM
(side 1)
City of St. Jude
Founded by Father Harold Purcell in the 1930s, the City of St. Jude included church, school, medical facilities, social center and rectory. Its mission was to provide spiritual, educational, social and . . . — — Map (db m86070) HM
On May 20, 1961, a group of black and white SNCC members led by John Lewis left Birmingham for Montgomery on a Greyhound bus. They were determined to continue the "Freedom Ride" from Washington, D.C. to New Orleans that had met with violence in . . . — — Map (db m71256) HM
Civil War-Barnes School
In April 1865, the Union Army command made this house its headquarters. Mrs. Pickett hid her silver on an inside ledge of the cupola. Later, former Confederate Generals Hood, Bragg, and Walker visited here. In 1906, . . . — — Map (db m86072) HM
Side A During the War Between the States medical knowledge was primitive. As a result, twice as many men died of disease than in battle from wounds. Early in the War, childhood diseases such as measles, mumps and chicken pox decimated entire . . . — — Map (db m36495) HM
A native of Opelika, Alabama, he is the son of Clement C. Torbert and Lynda Meadows Torbert. He was educated in the Opelika public schools. He attended the United States Naval Academy and received his B.S. Degree from Auburn University in 1951. He . . . — — Map (db m86073) HM
On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks left work and boarded a downtown bus. Her destination was home, Cleveland Court Apartment No. 634. She didn't make it home that day as she was arrested for refusing to surrender her seat to a white man. This single . . . — — Map (db m86074) HM
Side 1
Confederate Military Prison
Near this site, from mid April to December 1862, a Confederate military prison held, under destitute conditions, 700 Union soldiers, most captured at Shiloh. They were imprisoned in a foul, . . . — — Map (db m71369) HM
In February, 1861, delegates from six of the seven seceding southern states met in Montgomery to establish the government of the CSA. Newly elected President Jefferson Davis named J.H. Reagan of Texas as Postmaster General. Reagan established the . . . — — Map (db m71242) HM
Cotton State
Alabama's rapid growth depended on cotton cultivation.
Statehood coincided with improvement of the cotton gin and
increased demand for cotton in British and northern factories.
Within thirty years, Alabama was producing 23 . . . — — Map (db m182595) HM
Placed by the City over Artesian Basin and crowned by Hebe, Goddess of Youth and Cup-bearer to the Gods. Fountain was cast by J.L. Mott Iron Works of New York. Restored by Robinson Iron of Alexander City in 1984 during the administration of Mayor . . . — — Map (db m36501) HM
Organized from Bethel Baptist Church, congregation founded 1882 with Rev. George Casby as first minister. Originally met in frame building; fund-raising began for this edifice in 1906. Designed by Wallace Rayfield, Tuskegee Institute architect and . . . — — Map (db m71081) HM
These decorative terra cotta lions heads, typical of the ornamentation used in commercial style architecture in the early part of the 20th century, were utilized by the First National Bank of Montgomery on the cornice of their 12 story building from . . . — — Map (db m36646) HM
This street was named to honor Andrew Dexter one of the founders of Montgomery Along this street moved the inaugural parade of Jefferson Davis when he took the oath of office as President of the Confederate States of America February 18, 1861 . . . — — Map (db m36589) HM
The second black Baptist Church in Montgomery. First pastor was Rev. C. O. Boothe. Present structure built 1885. Designed by Pelham J. Anderson; built by William Watkins, a member of the congregation.
Many prominent black citizens of Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m25128) HM
This tablet marks the site of the office and infirmary of DR. J. MARION SIMS Here, in 1845, he performed the first closure of a vesico-vaginal fistula with wire suture, using a pewter spoon as speculum. This operation made him famous throughout the . . . — — Map (db m36576) HM
Elijah Cook
Educator, Businessman, Lawmaker
Born a slave in Wetumpka in 1833, Elijah Cook became a leader in Montgomery’s African American community. Credited with helping to establish the city’s first school for blacks in the basement . . . — — Map (db m69222) HM
Emancipation
The end of the Civil War in April 1865 and ratification of the
13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution meant the end of
enslavement for approximately four hundred thousand black
Alabamians. Freedmen embraced emancipation by . . . — — Map (db m182603) HM
Here at the Indian village of Encanchata, future site of Montgomery, Col. John Tate, last British agent to the Muscogee Nation, recruited and drilled Creek warriors in 1780 to relieve Tories in Augusta, Ga. being besieged by American patriots. — — Map (db m71373) HM
Born in Montgomery, Alabama, he is the son of Ernest Arnold Hornsby and Kate Clayton Hornsby. A 1955 graduate of Tallassee High School, he received his B.A. Degree from Auburn University and his Juris Doctor Degree from the University of Alabama . . . — — Map (db m69338) HM
In honor of the fallen heroes of Montgomery County
who gave their lives in the Vietnam War
Arrington, Samuel W., Jr. • Deas, Charles Milton • Johnson, Curtis • Rogers William T., IV
Baldwin, Larry Glenn • Deichelmann, Samuel M. • Keefe, . . . — — Map (db m90864) WM
Organized in 1866, this pioneering congregation grew out of First Baptist Church, now on Perry Street, where early parishioners had worshipped as slaves. The first building, facing Columbus Street, was erected in 1867. Nathan Ashby served as first . . . — — Map (db m36499) HM
Side 1:
Founded November 29, 1829, with four charter members. English-born Lee Compere, a missionary to the Creek Indians, was the first pastor. Services initially were held monthly in a building shared by other denominations. In 1833, the . . . — — Map (db m71251) HM
The "Stars and Bars," designed by Nicola Marshall of Marion, Alabama, was adopted by the flag selection committee of the Provisional Confederate Congress at Montgomery and raised over the capitol building on March 4, 1861. Its similarity to the . . . — — Map (db m69314) HM
First United Methodist Church, organized September 15, 1829, is the oldest organized church in the city of Montgomery. Located on Court Street downtown for nearly 100 years, the congregation purchased for $20,000 this site in Cloverdale Park in . . . — — Map (db m69191) HM
Designated Executive Residence by the
Provisional Confederate Congress
February 21, 1861. President Jefferson Davis
and his family lived here until the Confederate
Capital moved to Richmond summer 1861.
Built by William Sayre 1832-35 at Bibb . . . — — Map (db m7581) HM
(side 1)
F. Scott Fitzgerald, his wife Zelda and daughter Scottie lived in this house from October 1931 to April 1932.
During this period Fitzgerald worked on his novel Tender Is the Night and Zelda began her only novel, Save . . . — — Map (db m69187) HM
Honoring
Alabama
* War *
Veterans
Erected in commemoration
of the
50th Anniversary
of the
American Legion
Department
of Alabama
March 15,1969 — — Map (db m69308) WM
Constructed in the early 1900s, the Folmar - Siegelman house stylistically combines elements of both Victorian and early bungalow design. Its high gables, wide eaves, projected bay window and secluded entry reflect the desire of most Americans at . . . — — Map (db m86115) HM
Side A
Forest Avenue's Medical Facilities
With the growth of the Highland Park suburb in the 1890s, a medical community developed along Forest Avenue. In 1895, Dr. Isaac Watkins opened Highland Park Sanatorium in three frame . . . — — Map (db m71264) HM
Four Points: One of Several Black Business Hubs in Montgomery,
and the Impact of Desegregation on Black Business Districts
The intersection of Mildred and Moore Streets was once
home to Four Points, a thriving black business . . . — — Map (db m91462) HM
Side 1
Born in 1930 in Montgomery, Gray was among the foremost civil rights attorneys of the 20th century. Forced by segregation to leave Alabama to attend law school, he vowed to return and "destroy everything segregated I could find." . . . — — Map (db m80842) HM
The foundation of the civil rights movement was based in the grassroots strength of West Montgomery. The historic black communities located along this route provided the leadership and support for over a decade.
Whether it was the clergymen, the . . . — — Map (db m91466) HM
This historical marker is given in honor of General Charles Graham Boyd and the other brave Americans, living and dead, who as prisoners of war, at times enduring the most brutal treatment imaginable, loved their country and kept . . . — — Map (db m81751) HM
The town of Montgomery, formed on December 3, 1819, through the joining of New Philadelphia and East Alabama, is named for Major General Richard Montgomery, who was the first American general officer killed in America's war for independence. Richard . . . — — Map (db m142117) HM
Presented to the citizens of the State of Alabama honoring our brother George Washington our first Masonic President and in commemoration of 200 years of freedom under our constitutional form of government. — — Map (db m36644) HM
Georgia Gilmore, cited as a “solid energetic boycott participant and supporter.” Lived in this house during the days of the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Once arrested on a bus, Gilmore was ardent in her efforts to raise funds for the Movement . . . — — Map (db m28197) HM
Globalization
The late 20th century introduced to Alabama a new era of
international connections Statewide opportunities in higher
education engineering jobs in Huntsville and healthcare
innovation in Birmingham attracted immigrants and . . . — — Map (db m182648) HM
Thomas Goode Jones, governor of Alabama from 1890-1894, occupied this house during his long political career which took him from the Montgomery City Council to a federal judgeship. During his two terms as governor, his home was the Executive Mansion . . . — — Map (db m36585) HM
Residence of Civil War Governor John Gill Shorter, 1861-63. A strong supporter of Confederacy, Shorter built up defenses of state during war. Growing "Peace Movement" led to his defeat for re-election 1863.
House acquired by Jacob Greil 1878. . . . — — Map (db m74386) HM
(Side 1)
Governor William Calvin Oates
Born in Pike County into a poor Alabama family in 1835, Oates practiced law in Abbeville when the War began. Elected Captain of the "Henry Pioneers," Co. G, 15th Alabama Infantry. He saw . . . — — Map (db m86116) HM
Great Depression
The U.S. economy collapsed in late 1929, triggering a
national crisis. Alabama's rural residents had weathered
hardship for decades. Now urban workers and professionals
also faced economic ruin. Businesses closed, factories . . . — — Map (db m182629) HM
In 1903, forty community members organized Hall Street Baptist
Church. Rev. James Brannon served as the first pastor. The church
played an integral role in Centennial Hill's history and culture and
shone as a beacon for those fighting for Civil . . . — — Map (db m158668) HM
Front Between May 20-24, 1961 Dr. Harris opened this home to a group of 33 students from Nashville, Tennessee, who were challenging interstate bus segregation. Known as the Freedom Riders, the group was attacked at the historic Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m86119) HM
Commemorating
the
centennial
Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated
Here stood
Mrs. Rosa Parks
Mother of the Civil Rights Movement
and
honorary member of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc.
where she boarded the Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m85986) HM
The ranks of marchers swelled enormously by the last leg
of the trip on Wednesday, March 24, 1965. By the time
they arrived at the last campsite, only two miles from the
city limits at the Saint Jude complex, they were 10,000
strong. Dirty and . . . — — Map (db m91482) HM
Also called Hostile Bluff or Thirteen Mile Bluff, this spot located in a deep bend of the Alabama River was once the key to the Southeast and a strategic point in Colonial days. The first steamboat, the Harriet, arrived at this point in 1821, and . . . — — Map (db m86120) HM
The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956, signed into law by President
Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorized the construction of 41,000 miles
of the Interstate Highway System over a ten year period - the largest
public works project in American history to . . . — — Map (db m91465) HM
One of Montgomery's last pre-Civil War cottages, this structure occupies the site of General John Scott's 1817 pioneer settlement, "Alabama Town."
The columned entrance stoop shows how the Greek Revival style influenced smaller houses as well . . . — — Map (db m95139) HM
On this site, the St. James Baptist Church #2, also known as St. James Holt Crossing Baptist Church, stood as the oldest Baptist church founded by African Americans in the City of Montgomery. Organized in 1875, the Church occupied two buildings on . . . — — Map (db m71339) HM
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