Side A At midnight on September 21, 1989, Hurricane Hugo, a category four storm, blew into Charleston County. Winds in excess of 140 mph, a massive 20 foot storm surge, and extraordinarily high tides ravaged the area. Hugo cut a swath 50 . . . — — Map (db m37820) HM
The Kings Highway
Route traveled by
George Washington
on his southern tour
1791
Erected by
Rebecca Motte Chapter
Daughters Of the American Revolution
Charleston, S.C.
George Washington Bicentennial
1732 — 1932
[D.A.R. Emblem . . . — — Map (db m241670) HM
Delivered in 1956, the A-4 Skyhawk answered
the Navy's call for a carrier-based light attack
jet aircraft. Designed with minimal size and
weight, the Skyhawk was so compact and space
friendly, there was no need for folding wings.
The A-4C . . . — — Map (db m19131) HM
Developed as a carrier-based attack aircraft,
the A-6 Intruder gave the Navy and Marines
an accurate all-weather capability. Placed
into service in the early 1960s, the Intruder
served in the Vietnam War, raids on Lebanon
and Libya in the . . . — — Map (db m19129) HM
In 1847, Charles Jugnot and Oliver Hillard, owners of Mount Pleasant Ferry Company, developed a picnic ground in a grove of live oaks, called Hort’s Grove. They built the first Alhambra as a summer retreat and dance hall overlooking Charleston . . . — — Map (db m36680) HM
Archeology has played an important role in our understanding of Snee Farm and Charles Pinckney. Very few of Pinckney’s personal paper exist today, as the bulk of them were destroyed by the 1861 Charleston fire. Through archeology, we have . . . — — Map (db m224191) HM
[Marker Front]:
Arthur Ravenel, Jr. Bridge
Named by an act of the General Assembly in honor of state Senator Arthur Ravenel Jr., who enthusiastically spearheaded a broad~based effort to secure the funds for its construction. . . . — — Map (db m10042) HM
Boone Hall Plantation, established in 1681 by a grant to Major John Boone, remained in the family for 130 years. The plantation, purchased by the Horlbeck family in 1817, produced primarily Sea Island cotton. A cotton gin, smokehouse, and nice slave . . . — — Map (db m219201) HM
Brickyard Plantation is a portion of the vast Boone Hall Plantation. The soils that cover much of the tract contain dense red clay and sand making it suitable for brick production. In 1817, “a plantation with a Brick Yard established thereon . . . — — Map (db m36681) HM
In Loving Memory of
The Carrier-Based A-6 Intruder Airmen
Who made the supreme sacrifice while flying
combat missions during the Vietnam War, The
War on terrorism, and the Persian Gulf War
Vietnam War
U.S.S. Midway CV-41 . . . — — Map (db m19343) WM
In 1954, Drayton Hastie, owner of WUSN, purchased Suzie Q, an Asian elephant, for $2,700 from a New York importer. A gimmick to lure viewers from WCSC, Suzie Q became WUSN's mascot in residence sharing the grounds with an alligator, kangaroo, . . . — — Map (db m224787) HM
Charles Pinckney, like most other members of the plantation elite, was educated and trained for public service. In 1779, at the age of 21, he was elected to represent Christ Church Parish in the General Assembly of South Carolina. Over the next . . . — — Map (db m224187) HM
The Constitutional Convention convened in May 1787 to address the ineffective and weakening Articles of Confederation. While Charles Pinckney was one of the youngest delegates in attendance, he made huge contributions to the content of the United . . . — — Map (db m224189) HM
Marker is on the farmhouse porch at north entrance):
Charles Pinckney National Historic Site honors Charles Pinckney honors Charles Pinckney of South Carolina, one of the drafters and signers of the Constitution of the United States. . . . — — Map (db m30544) HM
Foundation Laid in 1707
The first clergyman in 1708
Rev.Edward Marston and Vestry follows
David Maybank and Henry Gill, Wardens
Thomas Barton, William Capers,
Leonard Hickman, John Simes,
Richard Fairchild, John Hale,
and . . . — — Map (db m38865) HM
The Church Act of 1706 created Christ Church Parish. The first church, a wooden structure built in 1707, accidentally burned in 1725. A brick church was erected in 1726, and although the British burned it in 1782 and the interior was destroyed by . . . — — Map (db m38264) HM
The diesel-powered submarine Clamagore was commissioned at New London, Conn., in June 1945. Her 30 years of service were spent operating out of Charleston, Key West, and New London. Displacement is over 1,800 tons, length 325 1/2 feet and she . . . — — Map (db m31853) HM
A Tribute to Professional Excellence
Dedication, Sacrifice, and National Will
Our submarines went to sea a silent invisible force solemnly dedicated to maintaining peace, but ready to fight if necessary to defend our nation and allies . . . — — Map (db m19581) WM
Dedicated To All Men and Women Wounded in All our Wars Combat Wounded Veterans Military Order of the Purple Heart 1782 – 1932 My stone is red for the blood they shed. The medal I bear is my country's way to . . . — — Map (db m224204) HM WM
South face
By the united efforts
and enduring sacrifices
of the
Noble woman of Mount Pleasant
and Charleston.
The zealous and tender
custodians of the slumbering
Heroes of a lost cause.
This Monument
has been . . . — — Map (db m40014) HM
The earthworks nearby are remains of the 1861 fortifications built to defend Mount Pleasant. They extended east 2.5 miles from Butler’s Creek at Boone Hall Plantation to Fort Palmetto on Hamlin Sound. Supporting this line were Battery Gary and those . . . — — Map (db m38263) HM
Before the Revolutionary War, a
plank bridge built on barrels was
constructed across the inlet
separating Mount Pleasant from
Sullivan's Island. In 1864, the H.L.
Hunley crew crossed the footbridge
on the way to Breach Inlet to test
dive . . . — — Map (db m36682) HM
This building was constructed in
1884 as the Berkeley County
Courthouse. Mount Pleasant served
as the Berkeley County seat from
1883 to 1895, when the town
rejoined Charleston County. The
old courthouse, named in 1991 for
former Mayor G. . . . — — Map (db m36683) HM
The carrier-based E-1B Tracer provided a
carrier task force with early warning and
guidence capability. Based on the C-1A
Trader, the most distinguishing of the
Tracer is the large aerodynamic radome
above the fuselage. Joining the fleet . . . — — Map (db m19134) HM
Edmund Jenkins Edmund Jenkins, a veteran of World War I, was the first elected black Town Marshal in Mount Pleasant, and served the Town from 1920-1927. He died December 26, 1930. His gravestone is directly to the left of this marker. The . . . — — Map (db m38036) HM
On November 18, 1859, a Warrant of Constitution was granted to Etiwan Lodge No. 95 by the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Ancient Free Masons of South Carolina. The lodge organized under dispensation on February 19 and held their first meeting in . . . — — Map (db m36684) HM
The F/A-18 Hornet has become the workhorse of
the US Navy and Marine Corps aviation. This
carrier-based all weather strike/fighter has served
a multitude of roles since entering service in
1983. The Hornet's first combat missions were
strikes . . . — — Map (db m19137) HM
The F14 Tomcat was a supersonic, variable
swept wing aircraft designed to replace
(beginning in 1972) the F-4 Phantom II as
the US Navy's primary fighter/ interceptor.
With its advanced weapons systems, the
Tomcat could simultaneously track . . . — — Map (db m19130) HM
The F-4 Phantom II was a two seat supersonic
long range all weather fighter-bomber
originally built for the US Navy. The Phantom II
began service aboard aircraft carriers in the
early 1960s, and would set many speed and
performance records. . . . — — Map (db m130528) HM
Distinctive in appearance, the F-8 Crusader
was one of the US Navy's first supersonic
carrier-based fighters. During testing (1956),
the Crusader set a national speed record of
1000mph (1609 km/m). Entering service in
1957, the Crusader was the . . . — — Map (db m19136) HM
(Front text) This church, founded during Reconstruction, has been at the same site since 1890. The first sanctuary serving this congregation was located on Hibben Street and built on a lot leased by the Town of Mount Pleasant in 1877. After . . . — — Map (db m39427) HM
(Front): The Moultrie Schools were named in honor of General William Moultrie, the highest ranking S.C. officer during the Revolutionary War and hero of the 1776 Battle of Fort Sullivan, which was renamed Fort Moultrie. He fought in the S.C. . . . — — Map (db m31883) HM
Greenhill Community In 1870, freedman Hardy Green purchased 30 acres of land along
Mathis Ferry Road. The area was called Spark Hill, but was later named Greenhill by the Moultrie School
District. Children walked several miles to Laing . . . — — Map (db m37966) HM
(Front): Haddrell’s Point extended along the waterfront from Shem Creek to Cove Inlet and was named for George Haddrell, an early settler. The land bordering Shem Creek became home to important industries including factories, canneries, and . . . — — Map (db m36686) HM
(Front text)
Born in Greenwood, SC, on July 30, 1934, Harry M.
Hallman, Jr., dedicated much of his adult life to
public service. He was elected Mayor of the Town of
Mount Pleasant in 2000. Mayor Hallman's
administration was responsible . . . — — Map (db m37968) HM
In memory of these pilots and door gunners of Helicopter Attack Squadron (Light) Three known as Seawolves, volunteers all.
They gave their lives in honorable service to their country
and in defense of freedom during the Vietnam War.
These . . . — — Map (db m100788) WM
Gen. William Moultrie and other colonial officers stayed here on parole when the British occupied Charleston 1781 Placed by Rebecca Motte Chapter Daughters of the American Revolution 1936 — — Map (db m67283) HM
(Front): Hibben House A 1777 map shows a house on this property owned by Jacob Motte, Charleston City Treasurer. His 67 acre plantation called Mount Pleasant provided the name for the present town. James Hibben purchased the land in 1803. . . . — — Map (db m36687) HM
In 1770, the South Carolina colonial government authorized construction of a powder magazine near the Wando River plantations and Hobcaw Point shipyards. A four-sided earthen embankment with a brick powder magazine and guardhouse stood near here . . . — — Map (db m36688) HM
Shipyards built on Hobcaw Creek included Pritchard’s Shipyard, the largest in colonial South Carolina.
Notable ships launched there were the 180 ton Heart of Oak (1776) and the 200 ton Magna Carta (1770). The South Carolina Navy built and . . . — — Map (db m36689) HM
(Front): Now called Patriots Point, Hog Island played a crucial role in the defense of the Charleston Harbor. In 1775, Patriot forces were sinking old ships in the deep Hog Island Channel to block British access to the Wando and Cooper . . . — — Map (db m36690) HM
In Memoriam
To those who sacrificed their
lives while serving in and
supporting our submarine
forces during the Cold War.
USS Thresher (SSN 593)
Lost at sea with all hands
April 10, 1963
USS Scorpion (SSN 589) . . . — — Map (db m42756) HM
In memory of the men on the USS Laffey DD-724 who gave their lives protecting their ship and their shipmates in action on Radar Picket Station #1, Okinawa, 16 April 1945 May they rest in Peace and may their Memory be Eternal James Williams . . . — — Map (db m224201) HM WM
Historically, indigo dye was extracted from three different plants of the genus Indigofera: I. suffruticosa, from South and Central America, and what is grown here, I. tinctoria from Asia; and I. arrecta, from Africa. . . . — — Map (db m224198) HM
This family cemetery is also known as the
Hobcaw Cemetery, the Bond Family Cemetery,
and the Read Family Cemetery.
Only fragments of the old gravestones remain.
It is likely that the cemetery was first used in
1713 to bury David Maybank, . . . — — Map (db m39256) HM
(Front text)
Jacob Bond I'On (1782-1859), planter, U.S. Army and militia officer, and state legislator, is buried in the family cemetery 1/2 mi. north. I'On, a contemporary of John C. Calhoun at Yale University, represented St. James . . . — — Map (db m37964) HM
Jasper Green
Jasper Green, a grassy field, became part of Moultrie High School’s campus and was named for Sergeant William Jasper. Jasper Green was home to the Moultrie High School Generals, now the Moultrie Middle School Patriots. The Green . . . — — Map (db m37811) HM
Laing School located here from 1868 to 1953 was founded in 1866 by Cornelia Hancock, a Quaker who had served as a nurse with the Union Army during the Civil War. First housed in Mount Pleasant Presbyterian Church, Laing Industrial School was . . . — — Map (db m39428) HM
During colonial times any trip to Charleston from Snee Farm was by way of tidal creeks and rivers. While today we depend on the automobile and a network of highways and bridges, life was not so convenient for the people of Charles Pinckney’s time. . . . — — Map (db m67734) HM
Maybank GreenIn 1697 David Maybank II (1660-1713) acquired 200 acres along Hobcaw Creek from the Lords Proprietors. Maybank, a carpenter, built a house on this site which he named Hobcaw Plantation. The plantation passed to his daughter . . . — — Map (db m37965) HM
By 1832, Milton's Ferry offered a ferry service to and from Charleston by way of a canal dug through the marsh. The ferry tavern was a two-sided house with stables and carriage houses to serve travelers. A bi-weekly stage ran from the tavern to . . . — — Map (db m19099) HM
Side A In 1809, the SC General Assembly incorporated Mount Pleasant Academy to educate the children of Christ Church Parish. Funded by a legacy and a lottery, a schoolhouse was built, but its site is uncertain. At times, classes were held . . . — — Map (db m38042) HM
Side A At this site in 1881, Abby Munro, a Quaker from Philadelphia, established a home for orphans, neglected, and destitute children. Funds to purchase and operate the home were solicited locally and from friends in the North. It was . . . — — Map (db m38045) HM
Erected about 1854 and originally a Congregational Church affiliated with Old Wappetaw Church, founded about 1699. Served as a Confederate hospital during the Civil War, then briefly housed the Laing School for freedmen during Reconstruction. Was . . . — — Map (db m39620) HM
Side A In the early 20th century, Mount Pleasant’s leaders and citizens believed that the town’s rural locale and lack of a quality water supply hindered residential growth and prosperity. The situation changed when the Cooper River Bridge . . . — — Map (db m38046) HM
Old Sunken Hull
Commissioned on Oct 18, 1919, the Army Quartermaster River Steamer Col. J. E. Sawyer was the first concrete passenger vessel made in America. The 700-ton, 128.5-foot ship, able to carry 500 people, was one of nine . . . — — Map (db m203232) HM
One Hand Sanders Sometime between the 1790s and 1820s, a brownstone marker with an engraved hand was erected near this site directing the way to Prince's Ferry. The marker was originally located near the intersection of Mathis Ferry Road and . . . — — Map (db m135726) HM
In 1899, the Patjens family built this small office adjacent to their store on Church Street, to serve as the post office in Mount Pleasant. The Patjens family served as postmasters until 1917. Patjens Post Office has been owned and maintained by . . . — — Map (db m37814) HM
Patriots Point Naval & Maritime Museum
The South Carolina General Assembly
passed legislation in 1973 enabling the
establishment of the Patriots Point
Authority to develop a portion of Hog
Island as a national naval museum. The
museum . . . — — Map (db m19200) HM
In Memorium To The Following Patriots
From The First Congressional District
Of The State of South Carolina
Who Valiantly Gave Their Lives On the Battlefields of Vietnam
Dedicated May 9, 1981
The American Legion Department of South Carolina . . . — — Map (db m100787) WM
Side A This community, settled along Horlbeck Creek in the 1870s by freedmen, was named after the Phillips Plantation. Former slaves of the Laurel Hill, Parker Island, and Boone Hall Plantations purchased the land in ten acre parcels and . . . — — Map (db m38049) HM
Pierates Cruze The Pierates Cruze property, once part of the Hilliardsville tract, was a private residence and garden. The property changed hands several times before it was purchased and named by the Osgood family in 1928. The Osgoods . . . — — Map (db m37815) HM
By the middle of the 20th Century, the residents of the old village shopped on Pitt Street. This area included grocery, hardware, and department stores; a dress shop, doctors’ offices, the pharmacy, barber shop, post office, and Mount Pleasant . . . — — Map (db m39429) HM
Point Plantation In 1715, John Vanderhorst purchased 540 acres known as the Point for ₤360. So began a long line of ownership by this well-known Colonial family. By 1740, John’s son Joseph and 29 slaves lived at the Point and operated a . . . — — Map (db m37816) HM
This small replica illustrates how rice trunks were used to flood and drain rice fields. To flood a field, the gate on the river side was raised while the other was lowered. Water flowed into the field through the trunk at high tide. To drain the . . . — — Map (db m67735) HM
A U.S. Navy rifle range was built near here during World War I on the site of an old S.C. National Guard firing range. Included were 100 targets, 2 armories, a 600-seat mess hall, 12 barracks and auxiliary buildings. After 1918 the 100-acre site . . . — — Map (db m19116) HM
Riverside Beach Riverside Beach, developed by the Cooper River Bridge Company, opened in 1930 as the first black beach in the area. It was sold to the County in 1941. The site featured a dance pavilion, boardwalk, bath house, playground and ball . . . — — Map (db m38262) HM
(Front): Ronkin's Long Room The crew of the Confederate submarine, H.L. Hunley, commanded by Lt. George Dixon, was temporarily quartered at Ronkin’s Long Room, 205 Ferry Street, in early 1864. The building, previously known as Shell Hall, . . . — — Map (db m38051) HM
Beginning in the 1950s, many Essex-class carriers like Yorktown,were designated anti-submarine aircraft carriers (CVS) to challenge the growing Soviet submarine threat. The S-2 Tracker was the prominent ASW (Anti-Submarine Warfare) weapon aboard . . . — — Map (db m147356) HM WM
The S-3 Viking replaced the S-2 Tracker in carrier-based ASW (Anti-Submarine Warfare) operations by the mid 1970s. In the 1990s, the Viking's focus shifted to surface warfare and aerial refueling. The versatile Viking (often called "The Swiss Army . . . — — Map (db m19139) HM
In 1868, John Scanlon, a freedman, purchased 614 acres of the former Remley Plantation at auction for $6,100. He then founded the Charleston Land Company to provide land ownership to freed slaves. The tract was subdivided into a planned community . . . — — Map (db m38053) HM
Side A The earliest documented owner of the property known as Seaside was Thomas Whitesides. A plat shows the property included a main house, a barn, other outbuildings, and a row of four slave cabins. The land was divided among his five . . . — — Map (db m37817) HM
The SH-3 Sea King replaced the H34 as the US Navy's standard ASW ( Anti-Submarine Warfare) helicopter from the 1960s to the 1990s. A watertight "boat" hull and stabilizing floats gave the Sea King short term amphibious capability. Several Sea Kings . . . — — Map (db m19140) HM
(Front): Shell rings and shell middens found along the SC coast were made by Native Americans 3000-4000 years ago. Several have been discovered in the East Cooper area. The rings, composed largely of shell, animal bone and pottery were . . . — — Map (db m35927) HM
The name of this deepwater tidal creek is derived from the Indian word "Shemee." The creek has been an important site for shipbuilding, fishing, transportation, and milling industries since the early 1700's. Shem Creek also was known as Sullivan's, . . . — — Map (db m75234) HM
Shipyard Road A close relationship existed between the Jacob Bond family of Hobcaw Plantation and the owners of the nearby colonial shipyards. The plantation’s live oaks and longleaf pines were used to build ships. East and West Shipyard roads . . . — — Map (db m37818) HM
The Silas N. Pearman Bridge
Named to Commemorate
The former Chief Highway Commissioner
The Pearman Bridge (Modeled Here)
Spanned the Cooper River from 1966 to 2005.
Built by the South Carolina
Department of Transportation
Designed by . . . — — Map (db m19215) HM
Enslaved Africans once lived and labored at Snee Farm. This site is a remnant of a slave community that extended south, beyond today’s park boundary. The structures that once stood here were built of wood with post-in-ground foundations. Outlined . . . — — Map (db m67729) HM
Marker is off pathway, south of farmhouse:]
The Pinckney family owned Snee Farm from 1754 to 1817. Charles Pinckney inherited the property from his father in 1782. Snee Farm was one of Charles Pinckney’s seven plantations. At 715 acres it . . . — — Map (db m30804) HM
The country home of Charles Pinckney (1757-1824), Snee Farm stands about 0.7 mi. west of here. One of SC's signers of the US Constitution, Pinckney also served in the General Assembly and in Congress. He was elected governor of SC four times and was . . . — — Map (db m16340) HM
Enslaved Africans and their Gullah Geechee descendants lived and work on Snee Farm plantation from the 1700s to 1865. Before the Civil War, agricultural use shifted from rice and corn and other staples. Cotton appeared in the final decades of the . . . — — Map (db m224196) HM
This monument is in tribute to families who have lost loved ones in the Armed Forces of the United States Homeland scenes of South Carolina, The Palmetto State, From mountains to Capital to coast. Family Family's farewell to soldier . . . — — Map (db m224020) HM WM
Side A Reverend Andrew Fowler was elected rector of Christ Church in 1828. He bought a village home on Whilden Street where he held services for 40 people from June to Advent to avoid the malaria-plagued sickly season. Services were held at . . . — — Map (db m37819) HM
Coil baskets of native sweetgrass and pine needles sewn with strips of palmetto leaf have been displayed for sale on stands along Highway 17 near Mount Pleasant since the 1930s. This craft, handed down in certain families since the 1700s, originally . . . — — Map (db m39038) HM
The Talos Series of shipborn missiles was one of the most powerful in the U.S. Navy. It's main function was anti-aircraft for fleet defense. But later versions had
surface-to-surface capability.
Range: Over 75 miles
Speed Mach 2.5
Weight: . . . — — Map (db m19217) HM
In Loving Memory Of
The A-4 Skyhawk Pilots
Who made the supreme sacrifice over Vietnam
U.S.S. Intrepid CV-11
LtJG. Edward J. Broms, Jr., VA-66 • CDR. Legrande O. Cole,Jr., VA- 15 •
LCDR. Philip C. Craig, VA-15 • LtJG. . . . — — Map (db m19371) HM
The A-7 Corsair II was a carrier-based light
attack aircraft designed to replace the A-4
Skyhawk. The aircraft was given its popular
name in honor of the WW II F-4U Corsair. The
Corsair II (A-7A) made its combat debut in late
1967 aboard the . . . — — Map (db m19132) HM
(side 1)
On August 8, 1929, a grand three day celebration and parade opened the first bridge to span Charleston Harbor. Built as a private toll bridge in 17 months for $6 million, it was a major link between Maine and Florida. With its . . . — — Map (db m224056) HM
In Loving Memory Of
The F-4 Phantom Pilots
Who Made The Supreme Sacrifice Over Vietnam
U.S.S. Coral Sea CV-43
Capt. James R. Bauder, VF-21 • Lt. Richard C. Clark, VF-151 •
LCDR. Roger G. Emrich, VF-161 • Capt. William . . . — — Map (db m19412) HM
In 1779, Andrew Hibben bought land on the south side of Shem Creek from Jacob Motte, which became known as the Ferry Tract. Until the opening of the Grace Memorial Bridge in August 1929, ferries connected Mount Pleasant to Charleston. Hibben’s Ferry . . . — — Map (db m36685) HM
(Front): In the 1700s, the King's Highway began in Virginia and wound down the coast through the Carolinas. The section of road that passed through Mount Pleasant became one of the first coastal roadways serving as a colonial post road for . . . — — Map (db m31884) HM
By 1872, several settlements which had developed along Charleston Harbor, were incorporated as the Town of Mount Pleasant. The earliest hamlet was Greenwich Village (1766), followed by the Hibben Ferry Tract (1770), Mount Pleasant Plantation (1808), . . . — — Map (db m37813) HM
(Front): The Whilden House Elias Whilden, planter and mayor (1857-1858), built his home c. 1840. Five sons fought for the Confederacy, including John Marshall Whilden. John was Captain of the Citadel cadets who fired on the steamer, . . . — — Map (db m84068) HM
Side A Thomas and Sabina Lynch were some of Mount Pleasant’s earliest and wealthiest residents. Their 18th century plantation house was located here in Rivertowne. The Lynch family story begins in 1677 when Jonack Lynch emigrated from . . . — — Map (db m38056) HM
U.S.S. Laffey
has been designated a
National
Historic Landmark
This Site Possesses National Significance
in Commemorating the History of the
United States of America
1986
National Park Service . . . — — Map (db m68906) HM
The “Fighting Lady” of World War II. 27,100 tons when commissioned in 1943 —- 41,000 when decommissioned in 1970. Named for the carrier Yorktown (CV-5) lost at the Battle of Midway. Flagship of Task Force 58. Help sink the Yamato. Recovered the . . . — — Map (db m240176) HM
On December 13, 1985, at 2:35 am, Mount Pleasant Officer Kee stopped an intoxicated driver near this site. During the traffic stop, a second intoxicated driver struck officer Kee as he stood near his patrol car. Officer Kee gave his life to protect . . . — — Map (db m19113) HM
May every day be Memorial Day in our hearts May our monuments be prayers of Gratitude and Hope Gratitude to those to whom we owe so much Hope that we may be worthy of their sacrifice — — Map (db m224200) WM
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