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Historical Markers and War Memorials in Winchester, Virginia
Winchester is the county seat for Frederick County
Winchester is in Frederick County
Frederick County(231) ► ADJACENT TO FREDERICK COUNTY Clarke County(75) ► Shenandoah County(217) ► Warren County(45) ► Winchester(132) ► Berkeley County, West Virginia(107) ► Hampshire County, West Virginia(76) ► Hardy County, West Virginia(44) ► Jefferson County, West Virginia(349) ► Morgan County, West Virginia(109) ►
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"I determined to attack the enemy at once [and] my whole force was put in motion for Winchester."
—Confederate Gen. Jubal Early
Upon learning that a large number of Union troops had departed the Valley, having only Cook's . . . — — Map (db m155117) HM
"Hurrah for the Louisiana boys! There's Early; I hope the old fellow won't be hurt!"
—Confederate Gen. Richard E. Ewell
Watching Jubal Early and the Louisiana Tigers make the pivotal attack on West Flank.
At . . . — — Map (db m155111) HM
"A more murderous fire I never witnessed..."Col. Thomas Munford, C.S.A. In an effort to protect the Confederate left flank, Gen. Fitzhugh Lee placed a detachment of cavalry and six pieces of horse artillery, lighter cannons made . . . — — Map (db m3091) HM
"To stop was death. To go on was probably the same; but on we started again." Col. Rutherford B. Hayes, U.S.A. Red Bud Run is as wide and boggy today as it was in 1864. During their attack, the men of the Eighth Corps sank into the . . . — — Map (db m3159) HM
"You haven't begun to fight yet! I've got Crook here with 10,000 men, and I am going to throw them in and whip these fellows."
—Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan
Telling Union Gen. William Emory—who exclaimed "My dead . . . — — Map (db m155122) HM
(Left Side): The Third Battle of Winchester - September 19, 1864 Bloodiest Battle of the Shenandoah Valley Gen. Jubal Early assuming that Gen. Phil Sheridan was yet another cautious Union commander, divided his roughly 14,000 troops on . . . — — Map (db m158714) HM
"Unless this force were driven back, the day was lost." General Jubal A. Early, C.S.A. Standing here about noon during the battle, you would have seen Union troops under Gen. Henry Birge pursuing Gen. Clement Evans' Georgians from right . . . — — Map (db m159187) HM
In the mid-morning of September 19, Confederate Gen. John B. Gordon's infantry, veteran troops from Georgia, Louisiana, and Virginia, took position to your right on the other side of Hackwood Lane. At 11:40 a.m., at the sound of artillery fire, . . . — — Map (db m159220) HM
In the mid-morning of September 19, Confederate Gen. John B. Gordon's infantry, veteran troops from Georgia, Louisiana, and Virginia, took position to your right on the other side of Hackwood Lane. At 11:40 a.m., at the sound of artillery fire, . . . — — Map (db m159221) HM
Prominent Virginian John Smith was charged with guarding prisoners of war held in Winchester during the Revolutionary War. He purportedly had this stately home (in front of you) built by Hessian and British prisoners around 1777. During the . . . — — Map (db m159334) HM
Prominent Virginian John Smith was charged with guarding prisoners of war held in Winchester during the Revolutionary War. He purportedly had this stately home (in front of you) built by Hessian and British prisoners around 1777. During the . . . — — Map (db m159335) HM
You are standing on Hackwood Lane. Running east to west, it was part of a network of country lanes connecting the Berryville Pike and the Valley Pike in the mid-19th century. The trees on either side were not present during the battle. — — Map (db m159420) HM
You are standing near the center of General Early's infantry line at what has come to be called the West Woods. Although these particular trees were not here during the Battle of Third Winchester, some are in the same location as those that stood on . . . — — Map (db m159425) HM
You are standing in the Middle Field - perhaps the bloodiest place in the Shenandoah Valley. After hours of preparation, Sheridan's Army of the Shenandoah was ready to advance against the Confederate position east of Winchester at 11:40 a.m. . . . — — Map (db m159603) HM
You are standing at the site of what is known as the Second Woods. The fighting in and around the Second Woods was so rapid and chaotic that many participants disagreed on the details and order of the events. But this is much clear: at 11:40 a.m., . . . — — Map (db m159864) HM
As Confederates drove Union Gen. Grover's 2nd Division back across the fields in front of you, the 1st Division of the Nineteenth Army Corps was moving up to the edge of the First Woods behind you, (the tree line was then some 400 yards further . . . — — Map (db m161525) HM
(Left Side): The Third Battle of Winchester - September 19, 1864 Bloodiest Battle of the Shenandoah Valley Gen. Jubal Early assuming that Gen. Phil Sheridan was yet another cautious Union commander, divided his roughly 14,000 troops on a . . . — — Map (db m163866) HM
In the months after the Third Battle of Winchester, this area became home to Camp Averell, named after Union cavalry gen. William Woods Averell. Elements of six cavalry and "mounted infantry" regiments from New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia . . . — — Map (db m163955) HM
The First Woods saw little combat, but areas near the front lines were bustling with activity. Here, men of Grover's, Dwight's, and Thoburn's Union divisions formed for their attacks across the Middle Field. Union Generals rallied the broken . . . — — Map (db m164088) HM
As the Nineteenth Corps tried to reorganize its lines, Union Col. Joseph Thoburn's division of the Eighth Army Corps came up from reserve and took position at the edge of the First Woods behind you. Union Gen. Philip Sheridan soon arrived and . . . — — Map (db m167487) HM
After the successful attack of the Union Eighth Corps, it was only a matter of time before the Confederates lost the battle. As Confederate Gen. Early consolidated his lines closer and closer to Winchester, his men faced coordinated infantry . . . — — Map (db m167715) HM
"The order was to walk fast, keep silent, until within about one hundred yards of the guns, and then with a yell to charge at full speed." Col. Rutherford B. Hayes, U.S.A. At noon on September 19, Union General Sheridan's Sixth and . . . — — Map (db m224318) HM
Shenandoah At War
In 1996, Congress designated eight counties as the Shenandoah Valley Battlefields National Historic District, with a mission topreserve and interpret the region's Civil War battlefields and related historic sites. The . . . — — Map (db m204212) HM
(left panel)
Shenandoah At War
In 1996, Congress designated eight counties as the Shenandoah Valley Battlefields National Historic District, with a mission to preserve and interpret the region's Civil War battlefields and . . . — — Map (db m167489) HM
(preface)
The fertile Shenandoah Valley was the "Breadbasket of the Confederacy" as well as an avenue of invasion. Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early's march north and his raid on Washington, D.C., in June-July 1864 alerted Union Gen. Ulysses . . . — — Map (db m117369) HM
The Third Battle of Winchester, fought here on September 19, 1864, was a proving ground for several men on both sides who shaped post-war America. They included two future presidents, two senators, a state governor, and several military leaders. . . . — — Map (db m155042) HM
(left panel)
Shenandoah At War
In 1996, Congress designated eight counties as the Shenandoah Valley Battlefields National Historic District, with a mission to preserve and interpret the region's Civil War battlefields and related . . . — — Map (db m155070) HM
Lieutenant General Jubal Early’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign began in June of 1864. Until the Third Battle of Winchester on September 19, he more than fulfilled General Lee’s hopes that the great success of 1862 could be repeated in 1864. Early’s . . . — — Map (db m155168) HM
(left panel)
Shenandoah At War
In 1996, Congress designated eight counties as the Shenandoah Valley Battlefields National Historic District, with a mission to preserve and interpret the region's Civil War battlefields and . . . — — Map (db m159423) HM
By mid-afternoon on September 19, 1864, the battle had reached a stalemate on the south side of Red Bud Run. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan ordered Gen. George Crook's little Army of West Virginia into the fight on the Union right. There, Lt. Elmer Husted, . . . — — Map (db m193718) HM
When Union Gen, Philip H. Sheridan first attacked early on the morning of September 19, 1864, Confederate Gen. Fitzhugh Lee's cavalry and Gen. Stephen D. Ramseur's infantry delayed the advance. Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early arrived with the rest . . . — — Map (db m193720) HM
Shenandoah At War
In 1996, Congress designated eight counties as the Shenandoah Valley Battlefields National Historic District, with a mission topreserve and interpret the region's Civil War battlefields and related historic sites. The . . . — — Map (db m204217) HM
On a hill, approximately one-half mile to the west, Philip H. Sheridan established his final position on September 19, 1864. General Jubal A. Early held the ground one-half mile further to the west. At 4 P.M., Sheridan advanced with massed cavalry . . . — — Map (db m2271) HM
Here Confederate forces under General Jubal A. Early, facing east, received the attack of Sheridan’s army at noon on September 19, 1864. Early repulsed the attack and countercharged, breaking the Union line. Only prompt action by General Emory Upton . . . — — Map (db m2268) HM
The ground you stand on was part of three different Civil War battlefields, a testament to the frequency of combat around Winchester.
On June 15, 1863, during the Second Battle of Winchester, Louisiana troops cut off Union Col. Andrew T. . . . — — Map (db m155523) HM
Time: Early Afternoon
During the early parts of the battle, Union troops in the Middle Field (on the high ground to your left) suffered heavily from the cannon fire of Confederate artillery under Maj. James Breathed, positioned on the high . . . — — Map (db m204220) HM
When the First Battle of Kernstown took place, William Wood Glass was living on this farm. Just two months earlier, he had been discharged for health reasons after serving in the 51st Regiment, Virginia Militia under "Stonewall" Jackson. The . . . — — Map (db m185091) HM
At the beginning of the Civil War, the third generation of the Scots-Irish Glass family lived at Rose Hill. The household consisted of Thomas Glass (age 67), and his wife Margaret (age 51), his son William (age 25) and fifteen slaves, most of them . . . — — Map (db m185092) HM
(Back):Erected by the State of New York In honor of her sons of the 114th Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry,A tribute to their devotion to duty, their unfaltering courage and glorious sacrifices. Tested on many fields, their valor was most . . . — — Map (db m26027) HM
(Front): New Hampshire erects this monument to the memory of her brave sons of her 14th Regiment who fell in battle Sept. 19, 1864 upon this field and are here buried in one common grave. Capts. W.H. Chaffin. W.A. Fosgate. Lieuts. H.S. Paul. . . . — — Map (db m81313) WM
May 25, 1862
General Stonewall Jackson with 16,000 Confederates defeated General N.P. Banks and 6,000 Federals. On May 24, at Middletown, 12 miles South, Jackson attacked Banks’ army withdrawing toward Winchester, cutting off the rear guard . . . — — Map (db m241604) HM
(Inscription on Front):Brig. Gen. David A. Russell U.S. Vols. 1st Div. 6th Army Corps Major 8th U.S. Infty. Bvt. Maj. Genl. U.S.A. Born, Salem, N.Y. Dec. 10, 1820 Killed in Action Opequon, Va. Sept. 19, 1864. (Back):Erected By The . . . — — Map (db m26565) HM
This is the former location of the Winchester Medical College. In the spring of 1862, Union soldiers from Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks's command allegedly entered the building and discovered a partially dissected African American boy. They also found . . . — — Map (db m126603) HM
Civil War Dead
An estimated 700,000 Union and Confederate soldiers died in the Civil War between April 1861 and April 1865. As the death toll rose, the U.S. government struggled with the urgent but unplanned need to bury fallen Union . . . — — Map (db m130014) HM
Winchester, originally known as Frederick Town, was officially founded in 1744 by Col. James Wood. It was the first British town established west of the Blue Ridge mountains and in believed to have looked something like this. These four public lots . . . — — Map (db m26873) HM
The oldest dwelling in Winchester, Abram’s Delight experienced the passage of both Union and Confederate armies during the war. Although the property stood in the path of the First Battle of Winchester on May 25, 1862, it survived and now . . . — — Map (db m2606) HM
Abram’s Delight is the oldest home in Winchester. 582 acres of land was granted to Abraham Hollingsworth in 1734. The first log house on the site was replaced by the present stone structure built in 1754 by Isaac Hollingsworth, a Quaker, son of . . . — — Map (db m2616) HM
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, . . . — — Map (db m140371) HM WM
The Winchester native attended the Virginia Military Institute, The University of Virginia, and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy, 1912. He was a pioneer aviator and Polar explorer. In 1926, he was the first to fly over the North Pole for . . . — — Map (db m26876) HM
Sgt. Virgil May Jr. - Alfred C Bond D C Rankin - Wm D Galloway Theo J Lester - Sgt W H Thomas Capt Wm B Hunt - G W Hanna J Thomas - Wm Wyeth Cpl Robt W Yeldell - I Culver Henry S Smith - J Furguson J H Trawick - P S McLory F M Yancy - F Holtz Ben F . . . — — Map (db m26843) HM
In memory of
Her sons of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry
CSA
Joseph R. Bartlett, Co. D
Unknown
William C. Arnold, Co. H
Christopher Columbus McClure, Co. C
…. Watson
Mathhew Chavis, Co. A
James W. More, Co. I
John Young, Co. E . . . — — Map (db m117484) WM
(Left Side): This monument marks the trail taken by the army of General Braddock, which left Alexandria April 9, 1755 to defend the western frontier against the French and Indians. Erected by the Society of Colonial Dames of America in the . . . — — Map (db m2649) HM
"To Serve the Present Age" - Charles Wesley From Court House to Church Thirty-two charter members met July 24, 1858, in the Frederick County Court House and were organized as a congregation of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, . . . — — Map (db m7342) HM
The mission of the 11 million member United Methodist Church is to make disciples of Jesus Christ for the transformation of the world. The congregation here at Braddock Street United Methodist Church embraces this charge through extensive . . . — — Map (db m150628) HM
Former Site of
Cannon Ball House
During the Civil War this Cannon Ball
From Star Fort
passed entirely through this house in 1862 — — Map (db m171231) HM
This house was built for Kate Conrad in 1889. Member of a prominent Winchester family, she devoted her life to educational and religious activities. She was an administrator for the Slater Trust of Boston, which sought to educate former slaves . . . — — Map (db m5599) HM
A congregation was organized in Winchester following a visit in 1748 from the Eminent Dr. Michael Schlatter, missionary from the Classis of Amsterdam, Holland, to the Reformed congregations in America.
The erection of the first house of worship . . . — — Map (db m134243) HM
Colonel James Wood, the founder of Winchester, was a native of the ancient city of the same name in England. He laid out and founded the new town prior to 1740. It received a charter of incorporation from the colonial legislature in February 1752. . . . — — Map (db m26892) HM
You are standing at the site of 24-year-old Quaker schoolteacher Rebecca Wright's home, the location of Civil War intrigue. On September 16, 1864, Thomas Laws, an enslaved man from neighboring Clarke County, arrived at the Wright house carrying a . . . — — Map (db m226364) HM
In 1802 General Morgan died in this home built by George F. Norton in 1786. The house has been carefully nurtured over the centuries by the Boyd, Sherrard, Massie, Smith, Gaunt and Schember families. — — Map (db m2650) HM
Birth: June 5, 1901 Death: February 5, 1957
Dr. Finley, whose dental office was located at 232 East Piccadilly Street from 1936 until the 1950s, was the black community's only practicing dentist beginning in 1928. He also taught science and . . . — — Map (db m96111) HM
Honor the Brave Erected to commemorate the Bayonet Charge of the Eighth Vermont Vol's. led by Genl. Stephen Thomas Sept. 19, 1864. Committed to the care of those once a brave foe. Now our generous friends gift of Comrade Herbert E. Hill Boston . . . — — Map (db m26564) HM
May 25, 1862 between Confederates under Brig. Gen. T.J. “Stonewall” Jackson and the Federals under Maj. Gen. N.P. Banks began just south of this site. The Federals were driven in retreat through Winchester’s streets with loss of stores and many . . . — — Map (db m241384) HM
On May 24, 1862, Confederate forces under Major General Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson pursued Major General Nathaniel Banks’ Union Army from Strasburg to Winchester. Banks made a stand south of Winchester, posting one of two infantry brigades on . . . — — Map (db m2570) HM
First Presbyterian Church, whose mission is "Serving Christ and neighbor in the heart of Winchester and beyond," began in 1788 when a group of Presbyterians built "Old Stone" church, still standing at 306 E. Piccadilly Street. General Daniel . . . — — Map (db m150622) HM
In 1756, during the French and Indian War, Col. George Washington proposed, designed, and supervised construction of the largest and most formidable fort on Virginia’s colonial frontier. Equipped with 24 pieces of artillery, the fort served as Col. . . . — — Map (db m2654) HM
Here in May 1756, overlooking the frontier town of Winchester, construction began on Fort Loudoun during the period of the French and Indian War (Seven Year’s War in Europe). The fort, named for John Campbell, earl of Loudoun, was a square . . . — — Map (db m2653) HM
During the Civil War, the Union and Confederate armies each used the Frederick County Courthouse as a hospital and a prison. Cornelia McDonald, a local citizen, nursed the wounded here after the First Battle of Kernstown on March 23, 1862. She . . . — — Map (db m2659) HM
The people of Winchester, Virginia, dedicate this memorial to the patriotism and valor of
General Daniel Morgan
in the cause of American Independence
Revolutionary War Soldier & Patriot
Daniel Morgan
Brigadier General - . . . — — Map (db m235357) HM WM
In March of 1748, George Washington, at age sixteen, arrived in Winchester, then called Frederick Town. During the next four years, he worked as a surveyor throughout the colonial Virginia frontier. — — Map (db m2647) HM
Site of lot 77 purchased by George Washington May 15, 1753. Sold by his executors on June 17, 1805 to Dr. Robert MacKey, surgeon in the American Revolution. A blacksmith shop located here made iron work for Fort Loudoun. The lot was 119 ft. on . . . — — Map (db m2662) HM
Here was located George Washington’s five-acre out-lot from Thomas Lord Fairfax, Baron of Cameron, by grant of 15 May 1753. Fairfax also granted him a companion in-lot 77 at North Braddock Street and Fairfax Lane. The out-lot was number 16 of 80 in . . . — — Map (db m2661) HM
On July 24, 1758, at the first Frederick County Court House on this site, Colonel George Washington, age 26, was elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses. This was the first elective office of the young commander of Virginia's forces here to guard . . . — — Map (db m26889) HM
(Front):Erected A.D. 1894 by the people of Georgia to 290 of her sons who lie in this cemetery. (Right Side): "The brave die never being deathless. They but change their country's arms for more - their country's heart." . . . — — Map (db m26685) HM
This historic Shenandoah Valley home, known as Glen Burnie, is the homestead of Col. James Wood, who founded Winchester on a portion of his land in 1744. Wood’s son, Robert, began the present house in 1794, but the estate was home to the Wood-Glass . . . — — Map (db m2665) HM
This site, known as Glen Burnie, is the homestead of Col. James Wood, who founded Winchester on a portion of his land in 1744. Wood’s son, Robert, began the present house in 1793, but the estate was home to the Wood-Glass families from the 1730s . . . — — Map (db m142560) HM
Confederate Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson, commanding the Shenandoah Valley military district, lived in this house from mid-November 1861 through early March 1862. Here he planned a winter campaign against Union forces at Romney and . . . — — Map (db m2540) HM
This house was used by Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, then commanding the Valley District, Department of Northern Virginia, as his official headquarters from November 1861, to March, 1862, when he left Winchester to begin his famous Valley Campaign. — — Map (db m2519) HM
Between 1900 and 1930, the population of Winchester more than doubled as the result of the town’s industrial growth. The Virginia Woolen Company and Lewis Jones Knitting Mill made it their practice to ensure board for their employees near the mills. . . . — — Map (db m96108) HM
Erected in 1872 by Col. F.W.M. Holliday (Governor of Virginia, 1878–1882) on land originally owned by Lord Fairfax, this building often referred to as “Lawyer's Row,” was completely renovated and restored in 1974 by the Farmers and . . . — — Map (db m90155) HM
Born in Virgilina, Virginia, in 1910, James R. Wilkins, Sr. rose from humble beginnings, moving from job to job as a construction worker to become a community leader in the Shenandoah Valley.
While working for the forest service in 1933, Mr. . . . — — Map (db m172596) HM
Born on 31 Dec. 1908, John Kirk (John Kirby) was raised here by the Rev. Washington Johnson. He learned to play the piano and trombone and then moved to Baltimore in the 1920s where he picked up the tuba and bass. In New York City by 1930, he played . . . — — Map (db m137523) HM
Joist Hite and Braddock. By this road, then an Indian trail, Joist Hite and his followers came to make the first permanent settlement in this section, 1732. In 1755, General Edward Braddock of the British army, accompanied by George . . . — — Map (db m34091) HM
The nearly three-hundred-year-old farm in front of you was the site of two major battlefields—First and Second Kernstown—as well as the opening scenes of the Second Battle of Winchester and several smaller engagements. The Hoge family . . . — — Map (db m159184) HM
In lasting memory of all
those who served our country during the Korean War
The monument honors by name the men from this area who made the supreme sacrifice in defense of freedom
KOREAN WAR
Korean War Veterans killed in action . . . — — Map (db m235674) WM
