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“Bite-Size Bits of Local, National, and Global History”
“Bite-Size Bits of Local, National, and Global History”
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Great Lakes Seaway Trail National Scenic Byway Historical Markers

Great Lakes Seaway Trail, Inc. markers along 500 miles of the St. Lawrence River, Lake Ontario, and Lake Erie, from Massena NY to the PA-OH border.
 
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By Anton Schwarzmueller, November 7, 2014
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1 New York, Cayuga County, Fair Haven — Little Sodus Bay (Fair Haven) — A Busy Lakeport — Maritime Heritage —
On Bell Avenue, 0.1 miles north of Main Street (New York State Route 104A).
A Commerce Center. Though camps, pleasure boats, and the sandy beaches of Fair Haven State Park dominate the bay and lake shore today, in 1910 Little Sodus Bay was the second busiest port on the southern shore of Lake Ontario. Trains . . . Map (db m79751) HM
2 New York, Chautauqua County, Dunkirk — Birds of the Harbor — Water Bird Safe Haven — Natural History —
On Central Avenue, 0.1 miles north of Lake Shore Drive West (New York State Route 5), on the left when traveling north.
A Safe Place to Rest The sheltered waters of Dunkirk Harbor provide a place where water birds and waterfowl can escape strong winds blowing across the open waters of Lake Erie. Gulls, terns, cormorants and other water birds shelter, loaf, and feed . . . Map (db m84382) HM
3 New York, Chautauqua County, Dunkirk — Dunkirk Lighthouse
Near Point Drive North, 0.6 miles north of Lake Shore Drive West (New York State Route 5).
Dunkirk Lighthouse has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places By The United States Department of The Interior Built 1875Map (db m51904) HM
4 New York, Chautauqua County, Dunkirk — Eastern Basin Shipwrecks — A Watery Record of Mishaps — Maritime Heritage —
On Central Avenue, 0.1 miles north of Lake Shore Drive West (New York State Route 5), on the left when traveling north.
Resting on the Lake Bottom. Beneath the waters before you lies a graveyard of shipwrecks from two centuries. Surprise storms, unchartered shallows, and lack of navigation aids are a few reasons for the wrecks. More and more people are learning to . . . Map (db m84415) HM
5 New York, Chautauqua County, Mayville — Mayville Station — A Transportation Hub — History of the Coast —
On Water Street (New York State Route 394) 0.2 miles south of Lakeview Avenue, on the left when traveling south.
The serene scene of today is nothing like the frenzied activity that once took place here. Travelers switched from train to steamboat to trolley on trips to attractions along Chautauqua Lake. The present station was built on this site in 1924 . . . Map (db m105752) HM
6 New York, Chautauqua County, Pomfret — Lily Dale Assembly — Spiritualism's Largest Community — Cultural Heritage —
On Glasgow Road (County Route 48) at Dale Drive (County Route 48), on the left when traveling east on Glasgow Road.
Lily Dale Timeline 1955 Fox cottage burns. 1924 Marion H. Sidmore Library building constructed. 1915 Fox cottage moved to Lily Dale. 1900 Great Lily Dale fire burns many cottages. 1893 Lily Dale contains 215 cottages. 1888 Assembly Hall . . . Map (db m94898) HM
7 New York, Chautauqua County, Westfield — Barcelona Harbor — Invasion Route Shipping Port, Fishing Center — History of the Coast —
On East Lake Road (New York State Route 5) 0.2 miles east of North Portage Road (New York State Route 394), on the right when traveling west.
Harbor Activity Timeline 2000 1982 First Harbor Day celebration. 1971 Last commercial fishing boat is sold. 1962 Lighthouse is re-lighted. 1960 Corps of Engineers builds Daniel Reed breakwall and pier. 1913 Trolley service ends. 1900 . . . Map (db m117525) HM
8 New York, Chautauqua County, Westfield — The French & Indian War 1756-1763 — A Fight for the Continent — French and Indian War —
On East Lake Road (New York State Route 5) east of North Portage Road (New York State Route 394), on the left when traveling east.
Waterways to the Interior Rivers and lakes served as the superhighways of the 18th century. Many rivers and lakes in the Colony of New York either bordered New France (Canada), or connected the bordering water bodies to the . . . Map (db m201458) HM
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9 New York, Erie County, Buffalo, Albright — Frederick Law Olmsted — Landscape Architect — People of the Coast Famous designers left footprints along the Seaway Trail. —
On Rumsey Road north of Forest Avenue, on the right when traveling north.
Frederick Law Olmsted is best known for his work in New York City's Central Park, but his design for Buffalo's Park System was one of his proudest achievements. Buffalo's Olmsted-designed parks are listed on the National Register of Historic . . . Map (db m78375) HM
10 New York, Erie County, Buffalo, Delaware Park — Buffalo Zoo — Growing with the City
On Parkside Avenue at Jewett Parkway, on the right when traveling south on Parkside Avenue.
Menagerie to Habitat. The Buffalo Zoo, like other modern zoos, has become an educational facility that focuses on conservation and reproduction of endangered species. The Zoo has reintroduced some endangered animals to their native habitats. Today's . . . Map (db m75074) HM
11 New York, Erie County, Buffalo, Downtown — Buffalo Burns!!! — British Forces Torch the Frontier — War of 1812 —
Near Niagara Square at Niagara Street.
Timeline of Excursions 1814 November 5 American forces withdraw from Canadian territory. August-September American forces withstand British siege and repel British attempts to take back Fort Erie. July 25 American and British . . . Map (db m92804) HM
12 New York, Erie County, Buffalo, First Ward — Buffalo Main & Harbor Lights
Near Fuhrmann Boulevard, 1.3 miles north of The Skyway (New York State Route 5).
An Outdoor Lighthouse Museum. Buffalo's complex harbor system has showcased many unique lights. Scan the harbor for the existing lights shown in this artist's conception. The lights shown as transparent have been demolished or moved to another . . . Map (db m85226) HM
13 New York, Erie County, Buffalo, Park Meadow — Buffalo's Olmsted Parks — A System of Parks & Parkways — Architecture of the Coast —
On Nottingham Terrace at Lincoln Parkway, on the right when traveling east on Nottingham Terrace.
Parks, Circles, and Parkways: These 'Greenspaces' were inspired by the 'City Beautiful' movement of the late 1800s, an attempt to correct the blighted condition of many industrial cities and make them more liveable through better design. Circles: . . . Map (db m80367) HM
14 New York, Erie County, Buffalo, Park Meadow — Highlights of Buffalo History — Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society — Cultural Heritage —
On Museum Court at Nottingham Terrace, on the left when traveling south on Museum Court.
1655: Seneca Indians win control of Niagara Region from Erie tribes. 1678-79: French explorer Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle, claims the region for France. He builds a sailing ship, Griffon, on the bank of the Niagara River and . . . Map (db m80361) HM
15 New York, Erie County, Buffalo, Tifft — Tifft Nature Preserve — An Urban Sanctuary — Natural History —
Near Fuhrmann Boulevard, 0.2 miles north of Tifft Street.
Nature to Industry to Nature 1998 Designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by National Audubon Society. 1983 Preserve closed for hazardous waste removal. 1982 Preserve merged with Buffalo Museum of Science. 1978 Makowski Visitor Center . . . Map (db m93874) HM
16 New York, Erie County, Buffalo, Waterfront — The Industrial Heritage Trail — Monuments to the Movement of Grain — Maritime Heritage —
Near Erie Street, 0.1 miles west of Marine Drive.
Lifting Buffalo to World Renown. In 1924 Buffalo led the world in handling grain. 300,000,000 bushels passed throught Buffalo harbor, unloaded, lifted, stored, and reloaded by the grain elevators that still stand tall along the banks of the . . . Map (db m84694) HM
17 New York, Erie County, Evans — Graycliff — A Frank Lloyd Wright Masterwork — Architecture of the Coast —
On Old Lakeshore Road, 0.1 miles west of South Creek Road, on the right when traveling west.
Section Through Living Room. Glass walls make upper story float and lower story transparent. Terrace mimics cliff brink and makes sky part of the house. Stone extends through house. Stone sided esplanade connects house to cliff. 65' cliff . . . Map (db m105644) HM
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18 New York, Erie County, Evans — The White City — William J. Conners Poultry Farm — History of the Coast —
On Old Lakeshore Road at Iroquois Street, on the left when traveling west on Old Lakeshore Road.
'The Greatest in the World' From 1907 to 1921 William Conners, propietor of the Buffalo Courier Express, built a poultry farm that ultimately covered 360 acres. Literature from the operation proclaimed;"...stretching away toward the lake . . . Map (db m105702) HM
19 New York, Erie County, Hamburg — Lake Erie — Sailing Through Time — Maritime Heritage —
On Lake Shore Road (New York State Route 5) 0.1 miles west of Lakewood Avenue, on the right when traveling west.
Ships and Sunsets. If you could have stood on this spot for 300 years, you would have seen a parade of vessels carrying Native Americans, explorers, trappers, fishermen, traders, shippers, and sailors traveling and transporting people and goods on . . . Map (db m82603) HM
20 New York, Franklin County, Akwesasne — Akwesasne (AH kwey ZAH sney) — An Enduring Native Culture
Near New York State Route 37 at Library Road.
Cultural Heritage- Ancient cultures flourished on abundant natural resources along the Seaway Trail. First Inhabitants Native people have lived here for thousands of years, using the natural resources found on land and in water. . . . Map (db m180207) HM
21 New York, Jefferson County, Alexandria — Indian River Lakes — Breeding Bird Refuge — Natural History —
On New York State Route 37 at milepost 22.3,, 0.1 miles south of Stine Road, on the left when traveling north.
Important Habitat Refuge This region provides an important breeding refuge for many declining species of birds because it contains a variety of habitats, few humans, and little development. Species such as the Golden-winged Warbler, . . . Map (db m84170) HM
22 New York, Jefferson County, Clayton — Clayton Opera House — A Thousand Islands Cultural Center — Cultural Heritage
On Riverside Drive at Merrick Street, on the right when traveling east on Riverside Drive. Reported missing.
"...for use in perpetuity as a Community and Performing Arts Center" Town of Clayton, April 9, 2000 Performing in Clayton For over 100 years the Opera House has set the stage for performances of all kinds. Broadway . . . Map (db m176176) HM
23 New York, Jefferson County, Clayton — Eagle Wing Group — An Underwater Geological Wonder — Dive Sites of the St. Lawrence —
On Riverside Drive west of Merrick Street, on the right when traveling west.
[Excerpts follow] A Variety of Displays Submerged 'riverscapes', unique rock formations with gumdrop-like pinnacles, rocky folds, and steep escarpments characterize this underwater geological display. Rocky shoals adjacent deep water . . . Map (db m126413) HM
24 New York, Jefferson County, Ellisburg — The Battle of Big Sandy — May 30, 1814 — War of 1812 —
Near New York State Route 3 north of Nash Road, on the left when traveling north.
Americans Set An Ambush An American flotilla carrying critical shipbuilding supplies to Sackets Harbor was forced to land along South Sandy Creek. Near this spot Major Appling's 120 riflemen, 150 Oneida Indian warriors and naval . . . Map (db m75733) HM
25 New York, Jefferson County, Sackets Harbor — Fort Pike — Defending the Harbor
On Pike Road at Backus Road, on the right when traveling west on Pike Road.
General Pike's Death This fort was named after General Zebulon Pike, who launched his forces from here to attack York (Toronto). Though the Americans won the battle, General Pike was killed by debris from an exploding magazine. His . . . Map (db m86170) HM
26 New York, Jefferson County, Sackets Harbor — Sackets Harbor — Built on War of 1812 Heritage — Maritime Heritage —
On West Main Street (County Route 62) west of Bayard Street, on the left when traveling west.
A Strategic Place The shelter offered by Sackets Harbor made this an attractive place to base the U.S. Navy fleet. The growth patterns set at the time the military facilities were built are responsible for the layout of the village . . . Map (db m75735) HM
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27 New York, Jefferson County, Sackets Harbor — Sackets Harbor - Fall 1814 — A Fortified Naval Base — War of 1812 —
On West Main Street (County Route 62) at Abrose Street, on the left when traveling west on West Main Street.
Focus On Defense Before the War of 1812 Sackets Harbor had no defenses. By the fall of 1814, the combined efforts of the Army, Navy, Marines, and militia had created one of the most heavily fortified sites in North America. . . . Map (db m75767) HM
28 New York, Jefferson County, Sackets Harbor — Sackets Harbor Shipbuilding — A Race for Naval Superiority — Maritime Heritage —
On West Main Street (County Route 62) near Bayard Street, on the right when traveling west.
Sackets Harbor During the War of 1812 Sackets Harbor was the most active naval station in the United States. The U.S. and British navies were engaged in a shipbuilding competition for control of lake Ontario. Tremendous effort and . . . Map (db m75748) HM
29 New York, Monroe County, Greece — Bird Migration Research — Long Term Migratory Bird Data — Natural History —
On Manitou Beach Road (New York State Route 261) 0.1 miles south of Braddocks Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
Stopover Ecology This area provides critical food, cover from exposure to the elements and predators, suitable habitat for resting, and other resources migrant land birds need along their migration route. The area is protected and studied by . . . Map (db m90204) HM
30 New York, Monroe County, Greece — Braddock Bay Hawk Watch — Following the Curve of the Shore — Natural History —
Near Braddock Bay State Parkway, 0.2 miles north of East Manitou Road (County Route 140).
Migrating Hawks Warming temperatures and southerly winds, preferably southwest here, produce flights of hundreds of thousands of raptors at Braddock Bay in a single day, making the shore along Braddock Bay one of the finest places in North . . . Map (db m90244) HM
31 New York, Monroe County, Greece — Converge on Montreal — The British Plan — French & Indian War —
On Braddock Bay State Parkway, 0.2 miles north of East Manitou Road (County Route 140), on the right when traveling east.
Destination Montreal In 1759, the British plan for defeating the French in North America involved major expeditions that would cut off French supply routes up and down the St. Lawrence River, block French advances south through the Champlain . . . Map (db m90216) HM
32 New York, Monroe County, Irondequoit, East Irondequoit — British Army Encampment — Prideaux's Campaign — French & Indian War —
On Culver Road (County Route 120) 0.2 miles east of Sea Breeze drive, on the left when traveling east.
Bivouac For two days, July 2nd and 3rd, 1759, a force of 3,000 soldiers under the command of Brigidier General John Prideaux camped here. The army was advancing along the lake on a campaign from Oswego to Four Mile Creek, near Fort Niagara. . . . Map (db m90266) HM
33 New York, Monroe County, Rochester — Susan B. Anthony House — Headquarters of the Suffrage Movement
On Madison Street, 0.2 miles north of West Main Street (New York State Route 33).
A Suffragist and much more Susan B. Anthony lived in this house for the forty most active years of her life. This house was the site of her famous arrest for voting in 1872 and her death in 1906. It served as the headquarters for the National . . . Map (db m58202) HM
34 New York, Monroe County, Rochester, Charlotte — Charlotte-Genesee Lighthouse
Near Lighthouse Street, 0.1 miles north of Latta Road.
A Strategic Location Charlotte was once a bustling commercial shipping port, the destination of sidewheelers and sailing vessels unloading supplies for a growing city and loading products from the region. Today the harbor is still an . . . Map (db m90400) HM
35 New York, Monroe County, Rochester, Charlotte — Merchant Ship to Warship — Schooner-Gunboats in the U.S. Navy — War of 1812 —
Near Lake Avenue near Corrigan Street.
Merchant Schooners In the spring of 1812 there were over 34 schooners in merchant service on Lake Ontario, transporting people and cargo. These small vessels carried 50-100 tons of cargo. Larger vessels were impractical since most lake port . . . Map (db m90802) HM
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36 New York, Monroe County, Rochester, Downtown — Margaret Woodbury Strong — Collector Extraordinaire — People of the Coast —
Near Pitkin Street, 0.2 miles south of East Broad Street.
Margaret Woodbury Strong loved to play and recognized the importance of play to learning. She founded The Strong in 1968, and it opened to the public in 1982. The Strong is the only collections-based museum in the world devoted soley to the study of . . . Map (db m154229) HM
37 New York, Monroe County, Webster — Irondequoit Bay — Gateway to the Continent — Maritime History —
Near Empire Boulevard (New York State Route 404) 0.8 miles east of Winton Road, on the left when traveling east.
Where the Lake Turns Aside. This is the meaning of the Native American word from which the name Irondequoit was derived. Native people used the bay for access to the lake. Explorers hoped that it led to China. For early traders and merchants . . . Map (db m108625) HM
38 New York, Niagara County, Lewiston — Fighting for Homeland — American Indian Allies — New York State French & Indian War Commemoration - 250 Years —
Near Lewiston Road (New York State Route 104) 0.2 miles north of Hyde Park Boulevard (New York State Route 61).
British and French Compete for Alliances Both the French and the British negotiated with American Indian tribes, either to gain their support or to convince them to remain neutral. In Canada, Algonquian tribes; the Ottawa, Huron, Abenaki, and . . . Map (db m77202) HM
39 New York, Niagara County, Lewiston — The Battle of Queenston Heights — First Battle of the War — War of 1812 —
On Center Street west of North Water Street, on the right when traveling west.
From this point on October 13, 1812, U.S. troops launched an invasion of Queenston Heights, Canada in an attempt to seize Fort George and control the river. The Battle was a disaster for the Americans, as they suffered heavy losses and ultimately . . . Map (db m57088) HM
40 New York, Niagara County, Lewiston — Tuscaroras Defend Lewiston Against 1813 British Attack — War of 1812
On Portage Road at Center Street (New York State Route 18F), on the right when traveling south on Portage Road.
Path of Destruction. Early in the winter of 1813, British forces and their Native allies launched an all-out assault on the Niagara Frontier. About a dozen Lewiston residents were killed in the attack, and the British looted the buildings and . . . Map (db m80502) HM WM
41 New York, Niagara County, Newfane — McClew Farm — An Underground Railroad Safe House — Cultural Heritage - Routes to freedom passed through many Seaway Trail communities —
Near McClew Road, 0.6 miles north of Ide Road.
Not Underground, Not a Railroad Freedom seekers used whatever means available to make their journey. Some stowed away on canal boats and lake steamers. Some were transported hidden in wagons. Usually, however, they simply traveled on foot, . . . Map (db m78802) HM
42 New York, Niagara County, Newfane — Olcott Beach — A Lakeside Resort
On Franklin Street at East Main Street, on the right when traveling north on Franklin Street.
Where Families Came to Play Once a prime recreation destination, Olcott Beach drew thousands annually. Trains brought summer vacationers from inland cities. Steamers ferried them between other lake ports. They stayed at grand hotels, played at . . . Map (db m73863) HM
43 New York, Niagara County, Niagara Falls — Fort Schlosser — Guarding the Upper Landing
Near Niagara Scenic Parkway (New York State Route 957A) 1 mile west of Interstate 190, on the left when traveling north.
Great Lakes Seaway Trail. New York State French and Indian War Commemoration 250 years. Securing Military and Commercial Goods. Fort Schlosser was built to protect the upper portage landing and was used as a storehouse for military and . . . Map (db m226682) HM
44 New York, Niagara County, Niagara Falls — Portage Road — Carry Route Around the Falls — Cultural Heritage —
On Portage Road south of Pine Avenue (U.S. 62), on the right when traveling north.
Following the Footsteps of the Famous Along this very road Native Americans, explorers, traders, and soldiers passed for centuries to get around the Niagara Falls and Gorge. Merchants cashed in on trade goods, troops fought for safe . . . Map (db m54365) HM
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45 New York, Niagara County, Niagara Falls — The Great Cataract of Niagara — An attraction even in wartime
Near Niagara Scenic Parkway (New York State Route 957A) 1 mile north of Interstate 190.
Early European Visitors The Niagara River, with its mighty falls and rapids, was well known by Native Americans. Word of its majesty reached European explorers and soldiers who came to North America. Despite their mission, explorers and . . . Map (db m226683) HM
46 New York, Niagara County, North Tonawanda — Once Around is Never Enough — Carousels and More
On Thompson Street at Vandervoort Street, on the left when traveling east on Thompson Street.
Carousels and Rides Made Here Over 3,000 hand-carved wooden carousels were made in this factory. Portable carousels were set up at carnivals around the country and stationary units were the main attraction at many early 1900s resorts. Many . . . Map (db m75522) HM
47 New York, Niagara County, Somerset — 30 Mile Point Lighthouse
30-Mile Point Lighthouse was built in 1875 and was lit for the first time on April 27, 1876. The lighthouse was built to protect ships on Lake Ontario from a shallow sandbar the extended from 30-Mile Point. A number of historic shipwrecks occurred . . . Map (db m138194) HM
48 New York, Niagara County, Somerset — Horsepower — Working the Turn-of-the-Century Farm — Culture of the Coast —
On Lake Road (New York State Route 18) 0.2 miles west of Hosmer Road (County Route 65), on the right when traveling west.
The Working Farm. By 1900 mechanization has come to the farm. Equipment was available that made plowing, planting, and harvesting more productive. But, in the days before the gas engine, it was the horse that supplied the power to run the . . . Map (db m79540) HM
49 New York, Niagara County, Wilson — Lake Shore Rarities — Year 'Round Birding Possibilities — Natural History —
On Wilson-Tuscarora State Park Road, 0.2 miles north of Lake Road (New York State Route 18), on the right when traveling east.
Migrants and Irruptives. Migrating birds follow regular routes between breeding and non-breeding areas twice each year. The timing for each specie is about the same every year. Irruptive migrations do not happen every year. Irruptions occur in . . . Map (db m79557) HM
50 New York, Niagara County, Wilson — Wilson Harbor — Boards, Boats, and Beaches
On Ontario Street, on the left when traveling west.
What's the attraction? The shelter and beauty of Tuscarara Bay has attracted settlers, merchants, and vacationers since the early 1800s. The focus of the attraction has changed over time, and so has the very shape of the bay, but Wilson Harbor . . . Map (db m71536) HM
51 New York, Niagara County, Youngstown — Old Fort Niagara Lighthouse
On Scott Avenue north of Jackson Street (New York State Route 18F), on the left when traveling north.
First Light on the Great Lakes You are standing near the site of the earliest lighthouse on the Great Lakes; a lantern room on the roof of the French Castle inside the fort. From that first whale oil fueled lantern, the Niagara . . . Map (db m67377) HM
52 New York, Niagara County, Youngstown — The Battle of La Belle Famille — French Losses: The Battle & The Interior
On Main Street (New York State Route 18F) north of Lockport Road (New York State Route 93), on the left when traveling north.
July 24, 1759 At this location British troops set defenses against French reinforcements, intent on breaking the British siege of Fort Niagara. Though outnumbered, the British repelled the advance and assured the fall of the Fort. . . . Map (db m67347) HM
53 New York, Niagara County, Youngstown — The Siege of Fort Niagara — A Calculated Attack
On Scott Avenue north of Jackson Street (Route 18F), on the right when traveling north.
In July 1759, 2,300 British and New York troops, with about 900 Iroquois allies laid siege to French-held Fort Niagara. 19 days later, with its wall breached and a French relief force defeated only a mile away, Fort Niagara surrendered. . . . Map (db m67473) HM
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54 New York, Orleans County, Carlton — Cobblestone Wall Section — Cobblestone Construction Piece by Piece — Architecture of the Coast —
On Point Breeze Road (New York State Route 98) at Lake Ontario Parkway, on the left when traveling north on Point Breeze Road.
Cobblestones Cobblestone construction was born in this area. The example here is a composite of several materials and styles that can be seen within a short distance of this park. The word 'cobblestone' comes from the English word 'cob', . . . Map (db m90184) HM
55 New York, Orleans County, Carlton — Fishing Camp — A Prehistoric Destination — Maritime Heritage —
Near Ontario Street, 0.1 miles north of Water Street.
Fishing For Food, Not Fun! For more than 800 years the opposite bank was the scene of bustling spring and summer activity by Native Americans. Fish were netted from Oak Orchard River, and processed over firepits and drying racks. The fish prepared . . . Map (db m82703) HM
56 New York, Orleans County, Carlton — Sir William Johnson — Leader and Diplomat — The French and Indian War —
Near Lake Road (New York State Route 18) 0.2 miles north of Lake Ontario Parkway.
Land Manager Johnson arrived in the Colonies from Ireland to manage land in the Mohawk River valley near present-day Amsterdam, land granted to his uncle, Admiral Sir Peter Warren of the British Navy, in 1737. Superintendent of Indian Affairs . . . Map (db m90173) HM
57 New York, Orleans County, Gaines — Cobblestones — Birth of a Local Style — Architecture of the Coast —
On Ridge Road West (New York State Route 104) at Oak Orchard Road (New York State Route 98), on the right when traveling west on Ridge Road West.
Ingenious use of local materials gave rise to a home-grown Seaway Trail architectural style. Cobblestone construction was perfected by local masons between the opening of the Erie Canal and the Civil War. Local farmers had access to the . . . Map (db m78221) HM
58 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — Age of Iron Horses — The Railroad Arrives
On East 1st Street (New York State Route 481) north of East Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling south.
The railroad overtook the river and canal as the major mode of transport to and from the interior. The river banks and waterfront were dominated by tracks, bridges, and coal trestles. Coal, grain, lumber, and people now moved through the city by . . . Map (db m86356) HM
59 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — British Invasion — The Battle of Oswego — War of 1812 —
On E 4th Street.
Site of British Attacks on Fort Ontario, May 5-7, 1814 After enduring a heavy bombardment by a British fleet under the command of Sir James Yeo, and repelling an amphibious assault on May 5, 1814, 290 men of the 3rd U.S. Artillery and 200 . . . Map (db m75816) HM
60 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — Early Shipping — A Natural Port for Commerce and Conflict
On East 1st Street (New York State Route 481) north of East Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling south.
The river access to the lake made Oswego a natural hub for commerce, as well as a place to transfer goods, travelers, and armies from river and land carriers to lake vessels. Many of the vessels were built here. Through the centuries the type of . . . Map (db m86370) HM
61 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — Open Water = Winter Birds — Ducks, Gulls, and Predators — Natural History —
On Lake Street at Montcalm Street, on the left when traveling east on Lake Street.
Food and Shelter The mouth of the river and harbor provide waterfowl and waterbirds an environment sheltered from the winter gales of Lake Ontario. The breakwalls serve as resting places for the gulls where any approaching predator . . . Map (db m75427) HM
62 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — Oswego West Side Forts — An Early French Target — French and Indian War —
On Lake Street at Montcalm Street, on the left when traveling east on Lake Street.
British Toehold on Lake Ontario During the French and Indian War, the Oswego River was the only British controlled waterway into the Great Lakes. French commander-in-chief, the Marquis de Montcalm, recognizing its strategic . . . Map (db m75356) HM
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63 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — People of the River — The People Who Led the Way
On East 1st Street (New York State Route 481) north of East Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling south.
The thriving port city of Oswego was founded by and attracted many ambitious and heroic people. Leaders of industry and social causes lived here and left their mark on the city. You can still visit some of their works by touring the city streets . . . Map (db m86292) HM
64 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — Prideaux's Campaign — A Long Route to Victory — French and Indian War —
On East 4th Street north of Show Park Road, on the left when traveling north.
Camp, Row, Camp Campaigns in the North American wilderness required extensive planning and massive manpower to reach the objective safely and successfully. For Prideaux's army, the distance from Fort Stanwix to Fort Niagara . . . Map (db m75670) HM
65 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — Richardson - Bates House Museum — A Victorian Showcase — Pursuit of Culture —
On East 3rd Street south of East Mohawk Street, on the left when traveling south.
Max Richardson lived in an era called the Victorian Period (when England's Queen Victoria ruled over the British Empire), when wealthy people were traveling to exotic places, collecting art and cultural artifacts, reading, and socializing. . . . Map (db m86574) HM
66 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — River Industries — A Place of Industry
On East 1st Street (New York State Route 481) north of East Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling south.
Oswego offered close proximity to raw materials from the interior, a water route to markets of the world, and water power. These assets caused the river banks to become lined with factories, warehouses, and storage buildings. Materials were . . . Map (db m86315) HM
67 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — Seaway Trail — Oswego Riverside Attractions
On East 1st Street (New York State Route 481) north of East Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling south.
Oswego Riverside Attractions West Side Attractions 1. West Pierhead Lighthouse 2. H. Lee White Marine Museum 3. Port of Oswego Authority West Terminal 4. U.S. Coast Guard Station 5. Wright's Landing Marina 6. . . . Map (db m86289) HM
68 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — The Fur Trade — A Fur Trading Post
On East 1st Street north of East Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling south.
Bountiful fur-bearing animals provided the foundation for a robust fur trading business between European explorers and the Native American inhabitants of the Oswego River corridor. The Native Americans camped and established seasonal trading . . . Map (db m86380) HM
69 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — The Oswego Canal — A Great Canal
On East 1st Street (New York State Route 481) north of East Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling south.
Dewitt Clinton dreamed of "a Great Canal" to solve the problem of access to the natural resources of the mid-west. Of the two routes considered - a canal across the state to Buffalo and a canal to Lake Ontario at Oswego - the Buffalo proposal won at . . . Map (db m86367) HM
70 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — War for Empire — A Fight for Control
On East 1st Street north of East Mohawk Street, on the right when traveling south.
Oswego was a strategic spot in many military campaigns. Control of the river, an important military route, changed many times. The loss of Oswego in August, 1756 was viewed as a triumph by the French and as a national misfortune by the English as . . . Map (db m86373) HM
71 New York, Oswego County, Oswego — Wreck of the David W. Mills — 19th Century Cargo Vessel — Shipwrecks of Lake Ontario —
On Lake Street at Montcalm Street, on the left when traveling east on Lake Street.
Grounded! The David W. Mills, a cargo vessel that was part of a vast commercial shipping industry on the Great Lakes, played an important role in the industrial development of the north American interior. The Mills ran . . . Map (db m75416) HM
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72 New York, Oswego County, Pulaski — Pulaski Historic District
On Jefferson Street (U.S. 11) at Bridge Street, on the right when traveling south on Jefferson Street.
Pulaski Historic District From Drill Field to Village Core Village Timeline 2000   Log Cabin Motel burned in area of first log cabin. 1983   Historic District formed. 1887   First Long Bridge erected. 1882-1901   Eighteen of the 23 . . . Map (db m109092) HM
73 New York, Oswego County, Pulaski — Salmon River
On New York State Route 3 at Riverside Drive, on the right when traveling south on State Route 3.
Salmon River Heh-Hah-Walter-Gah (where swim the sweet fish – Iroquois) A Histoy of Use and Misuse 2000 1998  First return of adult Atlantic Salmon. 1997   Natural reproduction of Chinook Salmon documented. 1996   Minimum flow . . . Map (db m109131) HM
74 New York, Oswego County, Scriba — Commanding the Forces — The Men in Charge — War of 1812 —
On New York State Route 104 west of County Route 51A, on the right when traveling west.
A Diverse Group The war effort was lead by distinguished men on both sides whose effectiveness at their jobs varied, but the impacts of their campaigns on border communities were dramatic. Their ranks and commands changed . . . Map (db m75723) HM
75 New York, St. Lawrence County, Hammond — Singer Castle on Dark Island — A Gilded Age Masterpiece — Cultural Heritage —
On New York State Route 12, on the left when traveling north.
A Hunting Lodge In 1903, Frederick G. Bourne, Commodore and Singer Sewing Machine Company President, began building Singer Castle for a hunting lodge. American beaux-arts architect Ernest Flagg designed the 28 room granite castle on Sir Walter . . . Map (db m179879) HM
76 New York, St. Lawrence County, Hammond — The Thousand Islands — Formed by 'Fire', Water, and Ice — Natural History —
On New York State Route 12, on the left when traveling north.
Rock features along the Seaway Trail offer clues to understanding the geologic forces that formed the region. 'Fire' (Heat & Pressure) The precambrian gneiss rocks are the roots of an ancient mountain system. They were formed by . . . Map (db m179877) HM
77 New York, St. Lawrence County, Louisville — Wilson Hill Wildlife Management Area — Important Habitat Complex — Natural History —
On New York State Route 131, 0.2 miles west of Willard Road.
This Wildlife Management Area (WMA) is a 3,400 acre multi-use area where the habitat is managed to provide food and shelter for dabbling and diving ducks, Canada geese and other waterbirds, as well as upland game birds and mammals. While much of the . . . Map (db m79347) HM
78 New York, St. Lawrence County, Massena — Eisenhower Lock — Stepping Down the St. Lawrence — History of the Coast —
Near Barnhart Island Road, 1.1 miles north of New York State Route 131.
How Does a Lock Work? 1) A) Filling valve opened. Emptying valve closed. B) Water enters by gravity. Gate closed. Ship waiting to enter. C) Chamber fills to upstream level. D) Attendant opens gate. Catch cable lowered. 2) A) Attendants tie off . . . Map (db m79307) HM
79 New York, St. Lawrence County, Ogdensburg — Aka Se We':Ka Tsi (Oswegatchie) — Cultural & Economic Crossroads — Iroquois Settlement 1749-1759 —
On the Downtown Arterial (New York State Route 68) west of Commerce Street, on the right when traveling west.
Iroquois Village In 1751, approximately 3,000 Iroquois lived in villages on both sides of the Oswegatchie River and the small islands in between, with the most influential families living in the three villages neighboring the fort. . . . Map (db m75900) HM
80 New York, St. Lawrence County, Ogdensburg — Fort de la Prιsentation - 1749-1759 — A French Foothold on the South Bank — French & Indian War —
On the Downtown Arterial (New York State Route 68) west of Commerce Street, on the right when traveling west.
A Mission/Supply Base Fort de la Prιsentation, used as a fortified mission by Father Abbι Franηois Picquet, was built at the mouth of the Oswegatchie River in 1749 and 1750. Picquet intended to Christianize much of the native population, . . . Map (db m75750) HM
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81 New York, St. Lawrence County, Ogdensburg — Fort Lιvis - 1760 — France's Last Stand — French & Indian War —
On the Downtown Arterial (New York State Route 68) west of Commerce Street, on the right when traveling west.
Father Abbι Franηois Picquet and the American Indians moved to Isle Picquet after la Prιsentation was vacated. The English thought the settlement was a French village and burned it during the siege. Fort Lιvis on Isle Royale August 1759 . . . Map (db m75754) HM
82 New York, St. Lawrence County, Ogdensburg — Fort Oswegatchie 1760-1796 — Staging for Attack — Revolutionary War —
On the Downtown Arterial (New York State Route 68) west of Commerce Street, on the right when traveling west.
This fort served a strategic role in the conduct of military campaigns that shaped our country. A British Foothold in the St. Lawrence Valley Fort de la Prιsentation was renamed Fort Oswegatchie by the British when they occupied the . . . Map (db m75838) HM
83 New York, St. Lawrence County, Ogdensburg — Frederic Remington (1861 - 1909) — St. Lawrence River Artist? — People of the Coast —
On Washington Street near State Street (New York State Route 68), on the right when traveling east.
Did Remington Live Here? No. But he loved the St. Lawrence River and his wife lived here for a time after his death. He painted in his studio on an island in Chippewa Bay he called "Ingleneuk." The North Country, where he grew up and is . . . Map (db m75725) HM
84 New York, St. Lawrence County, Ogdensburg — The Battle of Ogdensburg — British Attack Across the Ice — War of 1812 —
On the Downtown Arterial (New York State Route 68) west of Commerce Street, on the right when traveling west.
February 22, 1813 British Lieutenant Colonel "Red" George Macdonnell led a force of about 650 soldiers and artillery across the ice to attack the American garrison at Ogdensburg commanded by Captain Benjamin Forsyth. Macdonnell moved to put . . . Map (db m75895) HM
85 New York, St. Lawrence County, Waddington — Village of Waddington — Walking Tour Route — Architecture of the Coast —
On Main Street at Lincoln Avenue (New York State Route 37), on the right when traveling north on Main Street.
Early Seaway Trail communities flourished due to access to the St. Lawrence River. Raised on Waterpower Waddington was settled by early industrialists, here to harness the power of the St. Lawrence River. Many of the buildings in the . . . Map (db m79378) HM
86 New York, Wayne County, Pultneyville — Wreck of the St. Peter — National Register of Historic Places
Near Foreman Park, 0.1 miles north of Lake Road.
Lost in a Storm The St. Peter left Oswego carrying a full load of coal, headed for the safety of the Welland Canal when a storm struck her with 70 mph winds. Unable to reach the canal, the ship was turned back east to run before the . . . Map (db m234883) HM
87 New York, Wayne County, Sodus — Cobblestone Architecture — Sodus Area Cobblestones — Architecture of the Coast —
On Lake Road (County Route 101) 0.1 miles west of Halcus Road, on the right when traveling east.
Why Build With Stone? Glaciers blessed this area with an abundance of stones. Farmers who picked them from their fields recognized their utility as a sturdy, fireproof, free building material that required no painting. An influx of masons . . . Map (db m79597) HM
88 New York, Wayne County, Sodus Point — A French Inspired Flotilla — Travel Through Wilderness — French & Indian War —
On New York State Route 14, on the left when traveling east.
Lakeside Camp. Prideaux's army encamped here at Sodus Bay on the evening of July 1st, 1759. They were formed on the lake the following morning by 6:00 to continue their expedition. Each boat was numbered and each man, whether officer or . . . Map (db m79631) HM
89 New York, Wayne County, Sodus Point — British Raids — Troupville (Sodus Point) Sacked! — War of 1812 —
On North Ontario Street at Lake Street on North Ontario Street.
Under Fire. Troupville was one of several lakeshore communities to come under attack by the British navy during a campaign to disrupt the flow of military stores to American forces. Troupville (Sodus Point) c.1813. In 1813, the lakeshore . . . Map (db m79618) HM
90 New York, Wayne County, Williamson — Pultneyville Historic District — 19th Century Residential Architecture — Architecture of the Coast —
On Mill Street at Washington Street, on the left when traveling south on Mill Street.
An ideal site, valuable natural resources, and lake access allowed early residents to prosper and build magnificent houses in the center of the hamlet. The houses have been well maintained and retain their beauty even as some are approaching 200 . . . Map (db m173102) HM
91 New York, Wayne County, Williamson — The Battle of Pultneyville — May 15th, 1814
On Washington Street at Mill Street, on the right when traveling west on Washington Street.
Battle of Nerves The Battle of Pultneyville was a skirmish between British forces under Commander Yeo and American Militia forces. The British periodically raided coastal communities for supplies, but the people of Pultneyville did not . . . Map (db m65348) HM
92 New York, Wayne County, Williamson — The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints — Palmyra Area Historic Sites — Several Significant Locations —
Near Foreman Park, 0.1 miles north of Lake Road.
Many points of interest are located near Palmyra that take visitors back to a way of life from the past, introduce them to early American industries, present theatrical productions and the beginnings of the Mormon religion. Joseph Smith, Sr. . . . Map (db m64928) HM
93 Pennsylvania, Erie County, Erie — Dobbins Landing — Erie's Hub for Travel and Trade — Great Lakes Seaway Trail —
On Dobbins Landing north of East Dobbins Landing.
Dobbins Landing Timeline 1995 Bicentennial Tower built to commemorate the 200th anniversary of Erie. 1986 Public Dock renamed Dobbins Landing in honor of pioneer mariner Daniel Dobbins. 1926 Nicholson Ferry to Port Dover . . . Map (db m116411) HM
94 Pennsylvania, Erie County, Erie — Erie's Land Lighthouse — On Top Again
Near Lakefront Drive east of Lighthouse Street when traveling west.
Rescued and Rebuilt Time had taken its toll on the Land Lighthouse since the federal government decommissioned the beacon and ordered the lantern room removed and sent to a lighthouse in Ohio in 1899. In 2003, the Erie-Western . . . Map (db m116430) HM
95 Pennsylvania, Erie County, Erie — Fort de la Presqu'ile — Guarding the Portage
On Dobbins Landing north of East Dobbins Landing, on the right when traveling north.
A French Frontier Fort Fort de la Presqu'ile was the first in a proposed line of forts that would guard a route to the Mississippi. The lofty goal for 1753 was to build four ports, Presqu'ile, le Boeuf, Machault, and Duquesne. By the late . . . Map (db m116412) HM
96 Pennsylvania, Erie County, Erie — Freshwater Fishing Capital — Industry and Innovation
On State Street south of West Bay Road, on the right when traveling north.
Peak Catches Blue Pike - 1931 - 3,600,000 lbs. Lake Whitefish - 1946 - 8,300,000 lbs. Lake Herring - 1949 - 6,700,000 lbs. Pound netting (Drawing shows pound net from above) - Placing standing nets in shallow water that funnel . . . Map (db m116410) HM
 
 
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Apr. 20, 2024