This boulder marks the site on Camp Hill where the batteries were fired during the War Between the States in the raid on the federal blockhouse, located at North Mountain. On July 4, 1864, the 14th, 16th, and 17th Regiments of General McCausland's . . . — — Map (db m154841) HM
Site of stockade fort built during the early Indian wars. Mt. Zion Episcopal Church was built soon after. A mile west is the tavern, built, 1740–1750, by Robert Snodgrass on land patented in 1732 by William Snodgrass, pioneer settler. — — Map (db m990) HM
During the French and Indian War (c. 1750) Virginia Militia Col. George Washington supervised the construction of Fort Hedges, a stockade fort built along the Warm Spring Road at the heavily-traveled Skinner's gap atop North Mountain (740 feet . . . — — Map (db m117316) HM
Morgan County. Formed, 1820, from Berkeley and Hampshire. Named for Gen. Daniel Morgan of the Revolutionary Army. Many of his renowned “Riflemen” were from the Eastern Panhandle, where he once lived. Famed Berkeley Springs here.
Berkeley . . . — — Map (db m1112) HM
National Register [of Historic Places] Structure
by
U. S. Dept. of Interior
Hedgesville Historic District
Est. 1978
[Lower marker:]
Payne-Kreglow House
circa
1905
Restored by James W. Poisal, Jr., . . . — — Map (db m148856) HM
The Shaw Run Wetland Complex is a calcareous fen. A "fen" is defined as low land covered wholly or partly with water. fed by Shaw Spring and Shaw Run, the wetland is a unique type of wetland for West Virginia because of its marl substratum (layer . . . — — Map (db m150612) HM
Stone House Mansion, predominantly Georgian in style, was constructed in 1757, and is one of the oldest stone structures in Berkeley County. The property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places for its association with the Hite vs. . . . — — Map (db m167518) HM
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. . . . — — Map (db m60605) HM
“Big Apple Time Capsule”
Dedicated: Oct 19, 1990 – Re-open in year of 2040
Sponsor: Martinsburg Jaycees
This “community pride project” is an attempt to preserve the Apple Capital city and surrounding areas of . . . — — Map (db m1212) HM
This structure was constructed of native limestone by Revolutionary War General Adam Stephen, founder of Martinsburg. Restored by the City of Martinsburg and the Adam Stephen Memorial Association, Inc. — — Map (db m132404) HM
Adam Stephen (1720-1791) had a close acquaintance with George Washington through their association with Lord Fairfax and from their military involvements from the French & Indian War through the American Revolution. Stephen was present with . . . — — Map (db m167507) HM
The colonial village of Martinsburg was established by law enacted by the General Assemply of the Commonwealth of Virginia on October 21, 1778. Martinsburg’s founder was General Adam Stephen, a noted soldier of the American Revolutionary War. . . . — — Map (db m167514) HM
The roundhouse is the sole surviving cast-iron framed roundhouse and is an important example of mid-19th century industrial building design. Designed by Albert Fink, in collaboration with Benjamin H. Latrobe, it represents an early use of . . . — — Map (db m1199) HM
National Civil Engineering Landmark. The re-construction of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Roundhouse and Shop Complex commenced soon after the end of the American Civil War in 1865. This complex included two roundhouses and two significant . . . — — Map (db m167682) HM
One of the most noted female spies for the Confederacy, Boyd was born in Martinsburg in 1844. After she killed a Union soldier in 1861 who was threatening her mother, Belle began spying on local Union troops. Her efforts at the Battle of Front . . . — — Map (db m206099) HM
Isabelle “Belle” Boyd, the Confederate spy, lived here during part of her childhood. The ten-year-old and her family moved here in 1853 and left in 1858 for a dwelling (no longer standing) on South Queen Street. According to Boyd, . . . — — Map (db m63496) HM
Built in 1853 by Benjamin Reed Boyd, a merchant, Confederate soldier and the father of Belle Boyd. Belle Boyd was a famous Confederate spy, author and actress. — — Map (db m149428) HM
This is one of the last surviving antebellum buildings in the area. It was constructed shortly after the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad reached Martinsburg in 1842. The adjacent railroad yards twice were Confederate Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson’s . . . — — Map (db m208792) HM
One of the earliest brick buildings constructed in Martinsburg. Home of Rear Admiral Charles Boarman, who served in the War of 1812 and the Civil War. — — Map (db m132397) HM
Built, 1812, by Elisha Boyd, general in the War of 1812, on land bought from Gen. Adam Stephen. Mansion noted for its fine workmanship. Home of his son-in-law, Charles J. Faulkner, Minister to France, and his grandson, U.S. Senator Faulkner. — — Map (db m983) HM
Born in Martinsburg, July 6. 1806. Member of Virginia legislature and served in Congress, 1851-1859. In 1860 he was appointed Minister to France but was arrested in 1861 on charges of negotiating sales of arms for the Confederacy. Enlisted in . . . — — Map (db m203911) HM
Martinsburg, strategically located on the Valley Turnpike (present day U.S. Route 11) and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, was a major transportation center and the northern gateway to the Shenandoah Valley. Both sides contested for it frequently . . . — — Map (db m167591) HM
Local lawyer and newspaper editor, F. Vernon [unreadable], established the Continental Clay ?Brick works on a portion of his family farm in [unreadable]. Ten beehive kilns were initially constructed to fire the bricks after they were molded. . . . — — Map (db m132440) HM
This home was provided with electric service in 1890 by the Edison Electric Illuminating Company, a predecessor of the Potomac Edison Company
Commemorated 3 December 1969 — — Map (db m132406) HM
During the French and Indian War, Fort Neally was captured and its garrison massacred, Sept. 17, 1756. Many settlers in the vicinity also were killed. Among captives was Isabella Stockton, later wife of William McCleery, Morgantown. — — Map (db m12790) HM
Here was home of General Adam Stephen, founder of Martinsburg and county's first sheriff. Was famous as fighter in French and Indian Wars, and as major general in the American Revolutionary War. — — Map (db m12786) HM
Founder of Martinsburg, First Sheriff of Berkeley County, Statesman, Soldier, Surgeon National Register of Historic Places Oct. 15, 1970 — — Map (db m12788) HM
On this site Harry Flood Byrd was born
June 10, 1887
Member of the Virginia Senate, 1916-1925
Governor of Virginia, 1926-1930
U.S. Senator from 1933.
— — Map (db m132399) HM
Born 1848 in Hardy Co. A Civil War vet., Storer College graduate, teacher and principal at local Sumner School. Published Pioneer Press (1882), first African American paper in state. First of race to pass state bar exam (1887); argued two . . . — — Map (db m1210) HM
He was commander of a division in the Revolution. Voted for the adoption of the federal constitution while a member of the Virginia Assembly. Granted 130 acres of land for the site of Martinsburg and was the first sheriff of Berkeley County. — — Map (db m132409) HM
One of Martinsburg's Gothic Revival masterpieces and once its central marketplace. The structure has been used commercially with the Masons and Odd Fellows halls overhead. — — Map (db m132400) HM
Founded, 1778, by Gen. Adam Stephen. Named for Thomas Martin, nephew of Lord Fairfax. Home of Admirals Charles Boarman and C.K. Stribling. Locomotives seized here, 1861, in Jackson’s raid were drawn by horses to Winchester, Va. — — Map (db m1973) HM
Martinsburg. Established, 1778, by Gen. Adam Stephen. Named for Col. Thomas Martin, nephew of Lord Fairfax. Home of Admiral C.K. Stribling and Admiral Charles Boarman. In Jackson’s raid, 1861, captured B&O locomotives were drawn by horses to . . . — — Map (db m1976) HM
In April 1861, as the Civil War erupted, Confederate forces seized the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad from Harpers Ferry west. On May 24, Gen. Joseph
E. Johnston ordered Col. Thomas J. (later “Stonewall”) Jackson to destroy
the rolling . . . — — Map (db m149430) HM
Constructed using the Richardson-Romanesque Style of architecture, this building served as a Post Office and United States Courthouse. — — Map (db m1977) HM
This High Victorian Gothic structure which served as the Martinsburg High School, now houses the Berkeley County Board of Education office. — — Map (db m132394) HM
This structure was originally constructed as a dwelling and was later used as a house of worship from 1812-1842 by the Methodist Episcopal Church. — — Map (db m134000) HM
The woolen mills were located in the buildings on the south side of the street and the cassimere mills on the north. Outstanding examples of industrial architecture. — — Map (db m134032) HM
Roundhouses and Shops. The B&O Railroad reached Martinsburg in 1842,
and by 1849, a roundhouse and shops were
built. These first buildings were burned by
Confederate troops in 1862. The present west
roundhouse and the two shops were built . . . — — Map (db m1197) HM
Here on July 4, 1861, Belle Boyd, at the age of 17, shot and killed a Union soldier. She was imprisoned on several occasions as a result of her later spying activities. — — Map (db m193346) HM
This Romanesque Revival Church was begin in 1845 and dedicated in 1860. George Whitson, local architect, designed the Greek portico with the Gothic spire in 1888.
[Bottom plaque]
Most Reverend Bernard Schmitt, D.D.
Designated . . . — — Map (db m132395) HM
The present building was completed in 1917 under the leadership of Fred R. Ramer. He was the first principal in Berkeley County to have a school named after him. Ramer school served the black community until 1964. — — Map (db m1211) HM
400 Yards West of This Spot Is The Red House
The Home of Edward Beeson
Where the County of Berkeley was Founded
From a Part of Frederick County, Virginia
May 19, 1772
And Where the First Country Court was . . . — — Map (db m243836) HM
Looking Upstream and Northeast at the Colonnade Bridge, Circa 1860
In 1849, the Baltimore and Ohio established its railroad shops in Martinsburg and erected here two most noteworthy roundhouses and workshop buildings. The B&O erected a . . . — — Map (db m148872) HM
Built in the mid-1870s by Philip Showers, who owned the adjacent stone house (the Adam Stephen House) at that time, the Triple Brick Building was listed in early tax records as the "Tribble (Triple) House" or "the brick house divided into . . . — — Map (db m132401) HM
The Founder
Born around 1720 in Scotland, Stephen received a surgeon's degree from the University of Edinburgh in 1746. He came to America in 1748, settling in Fredericksburg, Va., where he practiced as a doctor. In 1754 he joined the Virginia . . . — — Map (db m167510) HM
1917-1918. This memorial is dedicated as an enduring tribute to the patriotism of the citizens of Berkeley County who rendered loyal service to our country in the great World War, and to honor the memory of those who made the supreme sacrifice . . . — — Map (db m1256) WM
Tuscarora Presbyterian Church, which was built before 1745 by Scotch-Irish Presbyterians. Rev. Hugh Vance, first pastor, is buried here. During Indian days, worshipers hung their guns on pegs in the walls while they sang and prayed. — — Map (db m92578) HM
In December 1862, Union Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley stationed detachments of the 54th Pennsylvania and 1st West Virginia Infantry regiments here to guard and repair the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, a main supply route between the Ohio River and the . . . — — Map (db m58628) HM
Fort Evans, built here, 1755, was attacked by Indians, 1756. The men were absent but Polly Evans, whose husband, John, had built the fort, led the women in its defense. The Big Spring here was noted camping ground of both armies, 1861-1865. — — Map (db m134041) HM
First road constructed in the present Berkeley and Jefferson Counties of West Virginia. Built ca. 1727, it followed the route of an older Indian path that was a branch of the Warrior’s Path. — — Map (db m134052) HM
West Virginia (Berkeley County). "The Mountain State—western part of the Commonwealth of Virginia until June 20, 1863. Settled by the Germans and Scotch-Irish. It became a line of defense between the English and French during . . . — — Map (db m167182) HM
Dr. Allen C. Hammond constructed this Greek Revival-style house about 1838. During the Civil War, both sides used it periodically for a headquarters or a hospital. The war ruined Hammond, a strong Southern sympathizer.
In October 1859, . . . — — Map (db m154839) HM
1.5 miles north is Swan Pond Manor, a 2,000 acre retreat set aside in 1745 for use by Thomas, Lord Fairfax, once the proprietor of the Northern Neck of Virginia who established an estate at Greenway Court, Frederick County in 1738. So named because . . . — — Map (db m92579) HM
In August 1921, an estimated 15,000 coal miners and their allies participated in the largest armed labor uprising in US history.
But this was just the finale of a drama begun a decade earlier. In 1912, on Paint Creek and Cabin Creek, . . . — — Map (db m206809) HM
Designed by architect H. Russ Warne in Neo-Classical Revival style. Opened in 1921; replaced first brick courthouse. Features Indiana limestone, Beaux-Arts Classicism in small open-domed belvedere, tetra-style 2-story porticos with Corinthian . . . — — Map (db m138450) HM
County seat, incorporated in 1906 and
named for William Madison Peyton, a leader
in movement for the formation of Boone
County, 1847. Peyton, pioneer in the development of the Coal River Valley, locked and
dammed Coal River in the 1840’s and . . . — — Map (db m138449) HM
Born in 1810 in present-day Boone
County, Methodist minister Robert
Hager was a delegate to the state’s
first constitutional convention in
Wheeling. 1861-1863. He supported
including a provision for gradual
emancipation in WV and also a . . . — — Map (db m138447) HM
Founded in 1917 by T. E. B. Siler and
M. Slush; named for newspaper editor
Frank Nellis. Purchased by ARMCO
in 1920. Noted as model coal mining
town. Homes were built by Minter of
Huntington. ARMCO Assoc. Building, in
center of town, housed . . . — — Map (db m137428) HM
William C. Barker • Julias Domokos • Lester Gunnoe • William H. Gunnoe • O’Dell Linville • Onal O. Miller • John Setliff • Steve Turkovitch • Lawrence J. Vincent • John Williams • William O. Workman
— • —
On Saturday, November 6, . . . — — Map (db m137442) HM
John Peter Salley (Salling)
and companions discovered
coal near here in
1742 on their exploring
trip from the Greenbrier
River. They followed the
Coal River to its junction
with The Great Kanawha
River at St. Albans. — — Map (db m137510) HM
Under rock overhang across highway was an Indian camp site. Here were found several burials. One occupation, Fort Ancient, dates from A.D. 1400; another, Buck Garden, from A.D. 1000. Pottery and other artifacts were found. — — Map (db m137446) HM
To the north, birthplace and home
of John Edward Kenna, U. S. Senator
and prominent figure in the early
life of this State. His statue
stands among the notables of other
States in the Hall of Columns in
the national capitol in Washington. — — Map (db m137454) HM
Named for William Madison Peyton,
father of navigation on Coal River,
who promoted and actively engaged in
coal mining. As chief engineer for the
Coal River Navigation Company, he
locked and dammed Coal River in the
1840’s and made it . . . — — Map (db m137511) HM
War comes to the Big Coal River. Emboldened by a resounding victory against Confederates at Boone Court House (Madison), Union General Cox ordered Federal troops back into the Coal River Valley. This time the target was the Big Coal River.
. . . — — Map (db m137753) HM
The Coal River is a tributary of the Kanawha River in southern West Virginia. It is formed near the community of Alum Creek by the confluence of the Big and Little Coal Rivers. The Coal River flows generally northward through western Kanawha County, . . . — — Map (db m137542) HM
Completed as Sherman District Jr.
High in 1931. Whitesville School
replaced a building that burned
down in 1929. Wysong and Bengston
designed the rare example of high-style Art Deco architecture in the
southern West Virginia coalfields.
Since . . . — — Map (db m137755) HM
Following the footprint.
Every mine explosion leaves behind a footprint that offers clues to investigators
as to where the blast originated and how the force traveled from the ignition
point. The footprint left behind in the Upper Big Branch . . . — — Map (db m137546) HM
Monday, April 5
3:01 p.m. Explosion erupts
through the mine, blasting
debris out of the portals and
lasting for several minutes.
The carbon monoxide
monitoring system alarms
and mine fan records show
a major disruption to . . . — — Map (db m137549) HM
This memorial is dedicated to twenty-nine miners who lost their lives in an explosion at the Upper Big Branch Coal Mine on April 5th, 2010 and to all miners who have suffered injury, illness or death as a result of working in the coal industry. This . . . — — Map (db m137751) HM
1907 Fairmont Coal Company
Monongah No. 6 and No. 8 Mines
Monongah, West Virginia
At 10:20 a.m., December 6, 1907, explosions occurred at the No. 6 and No. 8 mines at Monongah, West Virginia. The explosions ripped through the mines, . . . — — Map (db m137748) HM
Bulltown. Important point in plan of Washington to establish water transportation to West. Salt was made here as early as 1792. Attack of whites in 1772 upon Captain Bull's Indian village here was among the causes of Dunmore's War. . . . — — Map (db m37050) HM
Braxton County Formed in 1836 from Lewis, Kanawha, and Nicholas. Named for Carter Braxton, signer of the Declaration of Independence. Washington planned to establish important point in project for western communication in this county. Gilmer . . . — — Map (db m73419) HM
Area first settled in 1798; Payton Byrnes came in 1830. First known as Lumberport in 1866, when Capt. John Burns established first saw mill in area. Incorporated by county in 1902 and named for Burns. — — Map (db m50025) HM
Dedicated to the memory of all Paratroopers and Gliderman who spearheaded all major invasions by dropping behind enemy lines to secure military objectives. "Lest We Forget" whose courage, dedication and traditions make them America's finest. — — Map (db m70903) WM
On October 13, 1863, Confederate troops under Col. W. L. "Mudwall" Jackson attacked Union forces at Bulltown, where they were repulsed by elements of the 6th and 11th WV infantries. Compelled to withdraw, Jackson’s men retreated to Salt Lick Bridge . . . — — Map (db m161248) HM
On the hill in front of you are two fortifications that Union Gen. George B. McClellan ordered constructed late in1861. They guarded the wooden covered bridge located here on the Weston and Gauley Bridge Turnpike. In October 1863, Capt. William H. . . . — — Map (db m58727) HM
The coal-and-wood house, a rectangular building constructed of rough saw-mill lumber, stood here. After the introduction of gas heating, the building was used for general storage.
Bulltown families traditionally gathered wood for their stoves in . . . — — Map (db m229228) HM
In time the Cunninghams built a granary, barns, coal-and-wood house, outhouse, and chicken house, in addition to the main house, to form a traditional central West Virginia subsistence farm. It was on the Cunningham farmstead, in 1861, that Union . . . — — Map (db m229231) HM
Named for Henry Cunningham, the Cunningham House was owned by the Cunningham family from the time it was built in the early nineteenth century until 1976, when it was purchased by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers.
The original building was a . . . — — Map (db m229232) HM
The food cellar served as a combination refrigerator and extended pantry. Because most families grew most of their own food, they needed a large storage area.
Meats and fruits, vegetables and other harvested foods were canned, pickled, or dried . . . — — Map (db m229233) HM
The McCauley Barn was built in the nineteeth century. The original structure was rectangular and had, as it has now, a loft and a gable roof.
D. W. "Joe" McCauley purchased the barn in 1928 and, in 1933, added a three-stall horse shed along the . . . — — Map (db m229234) HM
The main purpose of the spring house, which was built over a natural spring, was to provide a family with fresh, sanitary drinking water. The water was either pumped or dipped by hand, as needed.
The spring house was also a source of . . . — — Map (db m229229) HM
On December 29, 1861, Confederate partisans attacked a company of the 1st West Virginia Cavalry at Sutton. After ammunition ran low, the Federals left with part of the Confederate force in pursuit. When the Confederates returned, they found the town . . . — — Map (db m173334) HM
The scenic Elk River now flows peacefully before you, but in 1861, the conflict raged here. That year, Col. Erastus B. Tyler's 7th Ohio constructed earthworks near this location to protect an important suspension bridge. About 100 men of Capt. . . . — — Map (db m208238) HM
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