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Native Americans Topic
By Mark Hilton, January 6, 2018
Looking east towards the Alabama River - ditch is just beyond marker.
GEOGRAPHIC SORT WITH USA FIRST
| Near Vine Street south of Capitol Avenue. |
| | Two Ghost Towns?
Long before Cahawba was built as
Alabama's first state capital, there was
another village at this location. Just like
Cahawba, it thrived for about 50 years,
then disappeared.
About the year 1500 a group of . . . — — Map (db m112450) HM |
| On Vine Street at Capitol Avenue, on the right when traveling north on Vine Street. |
| | Between AD 1500 and 1600, the
indigenous inhabitants of the area around
the confluence of the Cahaba and
Alabama Rivers built a flat-topped mound
measuring about ½ acre in size. The
mound was the central feature of a
semicircular village . . . — — Map (db m150834) HM |
| On Water Avenue at Lauderdale Street, on the left when traveling west on Water Avenue. |
| | . . . — — Map (db m37658) HM |
| On Godfrey Avenue at Logan Street Southeast, on the right when traveling north on Godfrey Avenue. |
| | Under the provisions of the Cherokee Removal Act of 1830, a log stockade was built, “Two hundred yards Northeast of Big Spring.” The spring supplied abundant water for the Cherokees, the soldiers and livestock. Fort Payne was used as . . . — — Map (db m36743) HM |
| Near 4th Street near Gault Avenue South (Alabama Route 35) when traveling east. |
| | In 1837 Federal Troops arrived in this area to select a fort location for the collection, holding and removal of the Cherokee. Part of a much larger compound, this site contained a cabin seized by the troops for use as part of the fort. Today a . . . — — Map (db m100286) HM |
| On Gault Avenue North (U.S. 11) east of 4th Street, on the right when traveling east. |
| | The fort, consisting of a log house and large stockade, was built in 1838 by order of General Winfield Scott, commander of military forces responsible for the removal of Cherokee Indians.
Soldiers occupying the fort were commanded by Captain . . . — — Map (db m28030) HM |
| On Gault Avenue North (U.S. 11) east of 4th Street, on the right when traveling east. |
| | Born in Tennessee, Sequoyah moved to Wills Town (DeKalb County, Alabama) area of the Cherokee Nation in 1818.
Here, in 1821, he invented an 86 symbol alphabet providing the Cherokees with the only written Indian language in the United States. . . . — — Map (db m28033) HM |
| On 38th Street Northeast south of Godfrey Avenue, on the right when traveling south. |
| | Also resting place of
Supt Ard Hoyt
1770-1828
Missionary to the
Cherokee Indians
Here and at Brainerd
1818-1828 — — Map (db m36965) HM |
| On Glenn Boulevard SW (Alabama Route 35) at Airport Road West, on the right when traveling west on Glenn Boulevard SW. |
| |
(side 1)
The first detachment of 1,103 Cherokees to emigrate under their own officers, prior to leaving for the west held a final council at Rattlesnake Springs (near present-day Charleston, TN) and, by unanimous vote, declared their . . . — — Map (db m113846) HM |
| On Gault Avenue North (U.S. 11) east of 4th Street, on the right when traveling east. |
| | The mission was established in 1823 by the American Board of Missions to further education and Christianity among the Cherokee Indians. Mission operated until the Indian removal in 1838.
Grave site of Reverend Ard Hoyt, first superintendent, . . . — — Map (db m28035) HM |
| On Railroad Avenue at Mountain Street, on the right when traveling west on Railroad Avenue. |
| | Here stood
The giant Black Spanish Oak
Under which
Traditionally
Sequoyah
Taught his newly invented
Alphabet
Tree felled by a storm
1934 — — Map (db m28036) HM |
| On Monument Drive 0.1 miles west of Main Street (Alabama Route 143), on the right when traveling west. |
| | Side 1:
Clear, bubbling springs have enticed people to this vicinity for thousands of years. Native American hunting paths led to them and after the defeat of the Creek Indians by the United States in 1813, old trails became the Jackson and . . . — — Map (db m71177) HM |
| On Tukabatchee Road (State Highway 229) at Taylor Road, on the right when traveling south on Tukabatchee Road. |
| |
(north side)
Tukabatchee
On this bend of the Tallapoosa River, stretching out before you, lay one of the ancient towns of the Muscogee Creek People, called Tukabatchee. Tukabatchee is one of the original four mother . . . — — Map (db m92945) HM |
| Near West Fort Toulouse Road 0.3 miles west of Jackson Park Road, on the right when traveling west. |
| | Here stood
Fort Toulouse
A defense against
the Indians
Built by
Bienville
1714
The Alabama Society
of Colonial Dames
preserves the memory
of faithful service
1912 — — Map (db m69567) HM |
| Near West Fort Toulouse Road 0.6 miles west of Jackson Park Road. |
| | This earthen mound and an adjacent
village were built by people of the
Mississippian culture who likely had
some relationship to the major mound
center at Moundville near present-day
Tuscaloosa. The Mississippian culture is
believed to have . . . — — Map (db m145084) HM |
| Near East Commerce Street at Court Street, on the right when traveling east. |
| | (obverse)
The land area which now comprises the City of Wetumpka was inhabited by various Indian cultures prior to the inward migration of the white man at the turn of the 19th century. The largest Indian village near here was located on . . . — — Map (db m67936) HM |
| On Shoffner Street (County Road 22) at Weaver Street, on the right when traveling east on Shoffner Street. |
| |
Fort Crawford was established in 1816 by elements of the 7th U.S. Infantry under orders from Major General Andrew Jackson. Purpose was to monitor Spanish activities in West Florida and curtail hostile Creek Indian activities.
Named after . . . — — Map (db m84373) HM |
| On 5th Avenue Northeast (U.S. 431) at Cleveland Avenue, on the right when traveling south on 5th Avenue Northeast. |
| | For thousands of years, two important Indian trade routes ran across what was to become Etowah County. The “High Town Path” ran from Charlestown, S.C. west to the Mississippi River, near Memphis, TN. The “Creek Path” begins . . . — — Map (db m39226) HM |
| Near Noccalula Road (State Road 211). |
| | White settlers in the hills of Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, and South Carolina pushed the Cherokee Indian tribes into North Alabama. The Cherokee in turn encroached upon Creek Territory. There were sporadic battles between the . . . — — Map (db m83738) HM |
| On U.S. 411, on the right when traveling west. |
| | The surrounding area and this well was part of Turkey’s Town, once a capital of the proud Cherokee Nation. Chief Turkey was the principal chief during the late 1700’s.
On October 25, 1864, the Turkey Town Valley Expedition of the XV Corps Union . . . — — Map (db m83740) HM |
| On Tuscaloosa Street (U.S. 11) east of Springfield Avenue, on the right when traveling east. |
| | Named for Revolutionary hero,
General Nathaniel Greene,
who drove British from Southeast.
Area explored by DeSoto, 1540.
Claimed as French Louisiana, 1699.
Ceded to England, 1763.
Ceded by Choctaw Nation, 1816.
Made a territorial . . . — — Map (db m37962) HM |
| On Main Street (U.S. 11) near Springfield Avenue, on the right when traveling west. |
| | In 1838, Greene County citizens voted to change the town seat from Erie to Eutaw. The City of Eutaw, Alabama was incorporated as a town by an act of the State Legislature on January 2, 1841. Greene County had been named for General Nathaniel Greene. . . . — — Map (db m83752) HM |
| Near Mound State Parkway 1.5 miles west of Alabama Route 69. |
| | Imagine a clan chief 800 years
ago standing exactly where
you are. It's possible he would
see something resembling this
artist's rendering. Larger
mounds, like this one, dotted
the plaza's perimeter, serving
as elevated platforms for . . . — — Map (db m144752) HM |
| Near River Bank Road 0.3 miles west of Mound Parkway, on the right when traveling west. |
| | Before you is Mound V, a broad, low, rectangular platform that forms an apron to Mound B at your left. Until recently, scientists knew only that Mound V's function was somehow intimately tied to Mound B upon which the principal chief's house stood. . . . — — Map (db m144777) HM |
| On River Bank Road 0.5 miles north of Mound Parkway, on the left when traveling north. |
| | At least 29 mounds were built and used as platforms for important structures at Moundville. Their rectangular arrangement, roughly aligned with the four directions around a central plaza, shows us that these people planned this site before they . . . — — Map (db m144811) HM |
| Near River Bank Road 0.3 miles west of Mound Parkway, on the right when traveling west. |
| | The mound in front of you probably once served as a platform for the principal chief's house. The noble who lived there was an extremely important political and religious figure. It is likely that this chief claimed to have divine relationships with . . . — — Map (db m144808) HM |
| On Mound Parkway at State Highway 69, on the right when traveling west on Mound Parkway. |
| | Site of a prehistoric Native American political and ceremonial center from about A. D. 1100-1500 that, at its height in the 13th century, was America’s largest community north of Mexico. Between 1,000 and 3,000 people lived in this town fortified by . . . — — Map (db m30700) HM |
| On Mound Parkway 0.6 miles west of Alabama Route 69, on the right when traveling west. |
| | I do not think in the Southern States there is a group of Mounds to compare to Moundville, in the arrangement and state of preservation of the mounds.
- Clarence B. Moore, amateur archaeologist, 1910
Spanning more than . . . — — Map (db m144745) HM |
| On Mound Parkway 0.6 miles west of Alabama Route 69, on the right when traveling north. |
| | Welcome to Moundville Archaeological Park, the best preserved site of its kind in
North America. At its height, Moundville was the largest and most powerful political
and religious center in the Southeast. Nobles at Moundville ruled over thousands . . . — — Map (db m144759) HM |
| On River Bank Road 0.3 miles west of Mound Parkway, on the right when traveling west. |
| | The mounds you see here were built in a very orderly arrangement over the course of about 100 years. Surrounding them was an immense wall constructed from tens of thousands of logs. How did the rulers harness the manpower and allegiance of the . . . — — Map (db m144774) HM |
| Near River Bank Road 0.3 miles west of Mound Parkway, on the right when traveling west. |
| | The mounds you see here were built in a very orderly arrangement over the course of about 100 years. Surrounding them was an immense wall constructed from tens of thousands of logs. How did the rulers harness the manpower and allegiance of the . . . — — Map (db m144809) HM |
| Near River Bank Road 0.9 miles west of Mound Parkway. |
| | Rival Mississippian chiefdoms constantly threatened one another. Warfare was a way of life for most men. By proving their valor militarily, warriors probably increased their overall status as they were promoted up through the ranks. One theory . . . — — Map (db m144815) HM |
| Near River Bank Road, on the right when traveling south. |
| | The Civilian Conservation Corps was born during the turmoil of the Great Depression. Hundreds of thousands of young men were out of work, and wasteful exploitation of the environment had devoured millions of acres across America. In 1933, as part of . . . — — Map (db m144813) HM |
| On Alabama Route 95 0.4 miles south of County Road 48, on the left when traveling south. |
| | The Treaty of Fort Jackson on August 9, 1814 by Major General Andrew Jackson on behalf of the President of the United States of America and the Chiefs, Deputies and Warriors of the Creek Indian Nation, established a boundary line between the . . . — — Map (db m71836) HM |
| On County Road 97 0.2 miles north of County Road 93, on the right when traveling north. |
| | The Treaty of Fort Jackson on August 9, 1814 by Major General Andrew Jackson on behalf of the President of the United States of America and the Chiefs, Deputies and Warriors of the Creek Indian Nation, established a boundary line between the . . . — — Map (db m71838) HM |
| On Alabama Route 10 0.4 miles north of County Road 91, on the left when traveling north. |
| | Site of the 1831 Irwin homeplace where over 50,000 acres of land was owned by Major General William Irwin (1794-1850). He was an Indian fighter, farmer, politician, statesman and considered one of the nation’s richest and most influential men. A . . . — — Map (db m71824) HM |
| On Hartford Road (Alabama Route 10) 0.6 miles east of County Road 46, on the left when traveling east. |
| | The frontier village of Franklin was established here by Colonel Robert Irwin in 1814 on the site of the Indian town of Cheeska Talofa. It was the first colonial village in east Alabama. Fort Gaines, Georgia, was constructed in 1816 to protect the . . . — — Map (db m71844) HM |
| On Omussee Creek Road 0.5 miles north of Picnic Road, on the right when traveling north. |
| | Near where you stand lies Omussee Creek Mound, the southernmost
platform mound along the Chattahoochee River, occupied
approximately 1300 to 1550 A.D. as part of an important
Native American settlement. This region of southeastern Alabama and . . . — — Map (db m115032) HM |
| On Omussee Creek Road 0.5 miles north of Picnic Road, on the right when traveling north. |
| | We do not know the exact date that residents of the community of which Omussee Creek Mound was a part abandoned the mound, but by around 1550 it was definitely in decline. Many believe this may have been part of a broader, regional depopulation due . . . — — Map (db m115034) HM |
| On Omussee Creek Road 0.5 miles north of Picnic Road, on the right when traveling north. |
| | The original builders of the Omussee Creek mound
had abandoned the site by around 1550, but the
area continued to be occupied by Native American
groups well into the early nineteenth century. As early as
the 1630s, Spanish missionaries from . . . — — Map (db m115037) HM |
| On East Main Street (Business U.S. 84) at Museum Avenue, on the right when traveling west on East Main Street. |
| | Located near this marker is the Poplar Head Spring which served as a meeting place for Indian traders prior to the arrival of the white and black settlers. The Alibamu Indians of the Chattahoochee River basin met the Creeks of the Choctawahatchee . . . — — Map (db m41141) HM |
| On U.S. 72 0.2 miles north of State Highway 2, on the right when traveling south. |
| | In May 1838 soldiers, under the command of U.S. Army General Winfield Scott, began rounding up Cherokee Indians in this area who had refused to move to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. About 16,000 Cherokees were placed in stockades in . . . — — Map (db m18047) HM |
| On U.S. 72 at Kentucky Ave. on U.S. 72. |
| | Side A One of the Five Lower Towns established by the Chickamauga Cherokees in 1782 under the leadership of Dragging Canoe. Territorial Governor William Blount reported to the Secretary of War in 1792 that: “Crow Town lies on the north . . . — — Map (db m28473) HM |
| On Alabama Avenue north of 19th Street N, on the right when traveling north. |
| | The Bessemer Site was the largest
indigenous mound site in what is now
Jefferson County, and it once dominated
a large territory in what became
north-central Alabama. Occupied from
about AD 1150 to 1250 during the early
Mississippian period, . . . — — Map (db m144908) HM |
| Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South. |
| | Red Mountain, where you are standing, and Jones Valley, which stretches before you, were sites of human activity long before Birmingham's founding in 1871.
Native American presence
Recorded history and archaeological evidence indicate the . . . — — Map (db m83805) HM |
| On 1st Avenue North (U.S. 11), on the right when traveling north. |
| | The Creek Indian Cession of 1814 opened this section of Alabama to settlement. At the time of statehood in 1819 many pioneer families had located here in what later became known as Jones Valley. By 1820 the area was called Ruhama Valley as a result . . . — — Map (db m26680) HM |
| On Lee Highway (U.S. 72) at Big Oak (County Route 107), on the right when traveling east on Lee Highway. |
| |
(side 1)
Center Star was spelled Centre Star into the 1900s. The name evolved from the US Postal Service, which served remote areas by "star routes." The Post Office here, which existed from 1850 to 1914 (except between 1902 and 1913), . . . — — Map (db m82398) HM |
| On Lee Highway (U.S. 72), on the right when traveling east. |
| | About 1800 Doublehead located his village at this site, where his brother-in-law Tahlonteeskee had previously lived. Doublehead's log house was built along the same style of those of the white settlers. Chief Doublehead had previously led raids . . . — — Map (db m83942) HM |
| On County Route 47 at Cox Creek Parkway on County Route 47. |
| | Construction of this road, as ordered by General Andrew Jackson, began in May 1817 by troops of the U.S. Army for national defense purposes. Beginning near Nashville, Tennessee and continuing to Madison, Louisiana, it shortened the distance from . . . — — Map (db m80321) HM |
| | Through negotiation with President George
Washington, Chief Doublehead owned all
lands between Bluewater and Cypress Creeks.
The land became federal property after 1807,
allowing a corporation to purchase
5,515 acres to establish . . . — — Map (db m138785) HM |
| Near Natchez Trace Parkway (at milepost 328.7) west of County Route 2, on the left when traveling west. |
| | The Trail of Tears led groups of Cherokee up the Tennessee River here. The Cherokee are one of southeastern tribes who were relocated to Oklahoma due to the US Indian removal policy in the 1830s.
During removal, most Cherokee went by land, but . . . — — Map (db m107267) HM |
| On Cloverdale Road/Co Rd 157. |
| | Cavalry Commander under Andrew Jackson throughout War of 1812:
(Creek War, Pensacola, New Orleans).
Negotiated many treaties ceding Indian lands to U.S.
Made original surveys of Tennessee Valley. — — Map (db m35259) HM |
| | This is the highest domiciliary mound in the Tennessee Valley. It was probably built between 100 B.C. and 400 A.D. by a prehistoric people of the ancient Woodland Culture. Such mounds served as bases for ceremonial temples or chief's houses. This . . . — — Map (db m28457) HM |
| | Side A This area near the mouth of Cypress Creek was inhabited by Archaic People as early as 8,000 B.C. Their main food consisted of freshwater mollusks from the river.
(These mussels were the origin of the name "Muscle Shoals.")
The . . . — — Map (db m84044) HM |
| On Bennett Road (County Road 27) north of County Road 22, on the left when traveling north. |
| | Known for its mineral springs and prominent grist mill, this estate was part of the large reserve set aside by the 1798 Tellico Treaty for Cherokee Indian Chief Doublehead. John Reuben Hough was an early settler of Major Donelson’s party and . . . — — Map (db m141954) HM |
| | Gabriel Butler “Ole Gabe” was born in the Carolinas in 1779, about the time of the Revolutionary War. His name is on records in Kentucky in the 1800s. He married his first wife, Sarah Whitesides, in Warren County, KY, on December 26, . . . — — Map (db m141969) HM |
| | Side A
The settlement of what is now eastern Lauderdale County (known as "Over Elk)" by non-Native Americans commenced by 1807.
Federal land sales were held in Huntsville during the spring of 1818.
Although much of the land was described . . . — — Map (db m84296) HM |
| On Wheeler Street/Lambs Ferry Road (Alabama Route 207) south of Lee Street (County Route 66), on the left when traveling south. |
| | (Side 1)
From about 1775 until his death on August 9, 1807, Chickamauga Cherokee Chief Doublehead controlled the Muscle Shoals of the Tennessee River. Two major Indian trails, Sipsie Trail and an east-west trail, intersected in the . . . — — Map (db m99972) HM |
| | Thousands of Cherokee Indians passed through Waterloo in the 1830s when they were forced by the U.S. government to move West on the "Trail of Tears". Most came by boat from Tuscumbia and camped here to await transfer to larger steamboats. During the . . . — — Map (db m84301) HM |
| On Court Street (County Route 460) at Market Street (Alabama Route 33), on the right when traveling east on Court Street. |
| | Created by Territorial Legislature
in 1818 from lands ceded by
Cherokee and Chickasaw Indians
Named for U.S, Navy hero of War of 1812
Capt. James Lawrence
Fatally wounded, his famous command was
"Don't Give Up The Ship"
County . . . — — Map (db m69672) HM |
| | This area was the home to Indians, settlers, people of mixed ancestry and their descendants. Local bluff shelters contain evidence of occupation from Paleo Indian (10,000 BC) through the Mississippian Period (1540 AD). Chief Tuscaloosa (Black . . . — — Map (db m84313) HM |
| | The Oakville Indian Mounds Museum is based on a seven sided Cherokee council house. This type of council house was used during the cooler months and an open sided rectangular pavilion during warmer weather. The descriptions used for the museum's . . . — — Map (db m84314) HM |
| | In the early 1800's Cherokees of this area were under the leadership of Doublehead and Tahlonteskee. After Doublehead's assassination in 1807, Tahlonteskee notified President Jefferson that he and his people were ready to move west. In 1808 . . . — — Map (db m36030) HM |
| | Copena Indians built this mound with baskets of dirt some 2000 years ago. The Copena name was derived from their use of copper and galena (lead ore) found in their burials along with gorgets and celts. The mounds were a burial site with the dead . . . — — Map (db m84315) HM |
| | Black Warriors' Path played a critical role as a route for Creek Removal. On December 19, 1835, some 511 Creek emigrants passed along the path through present ~ day Oakville Indian Mounds Park. In September 1836, a group of Creeks left Tallassee in . . . — — Map (db m36027) HM |
| | Doublehead, (c1744-1807), aka Dsugweladegi or Chuqualatague, was the son of Great Eagle (Willenawah) and grandson of Moytoy. Among his siblings were Pumpkin Boy, Old Tassel and the unnamed grandmother of Sequoyah. After his sister's son John Watts . . . — — Map (db m84316) HM |
| | Five Historic Indian tribes lived in this area. By 1701, The Yuchi were living at the shoals on the Tennessee River. In early 1700s the Yuchi left, some moving to the Cherokee Nation on the Hiwassee River, TN and others to Chattahoochee River, GA. . . . — — Map (db m36040) HM |
| | Rising 27 feet high, this is the largest woodland mound in Alabama, with a base covering 1.8 acres and a flat top of over one acre. Built by prehistoric Copena Indians, the mound is 2,000 years old and constructed from earth probably carried one . . . — — Map (db m84317) HM |
| Near County Road 187 when traveling north. |
| | Based on the large number of local mounds and artifacts, this site shows evidence of Indian occupation over 2000 years ago. According to tradition about 1780, Oakville became a Cherokee town located on Black Warriors' Path. By the early 1820's, . . . — — Map (db m36036) HM |
| Near Foster Mill Road (County Road 314) 0.5 miles west of Wheeler Dam Road. |
| | Form the late 1700's to 1807 a Cherokee Chief named Doublehead guarded this area, that was claimed by both the Cherokee and Chickasaw Nations as sacred hunting grounds against encroachment of white settlers.
Chief Doublehead had the reputation . . . — — Map (db m84646) HM |
| On South College Street (Alabama Route 147) at Magnolia Avenue, in the median on South College Street. |
| | Settled by Judge J. J. Harper and others from Harris County, Georgia, in 1836.
This region was opened to settlement
in 1836-37 by the removal of the
Creek Indians to lands west
of the Mississippi River.
Erected by
The Alabama . . . — — Map (db m39830) HM |
| On Martin Luther King Drive (County Road 83) at County Road 82, on the right when traveling south on Martin Luther King Drive. |
| | Following the signing of the Creek Treaty in 1832, the early white settlers constructed a 16 by 30 foot hand hewn log fort for protection against a possible Indian uprising from Cussetaw Indian Village on Osanippa Creek just north of here. Walls of . . . — — Map (db m71643) HM |
| On Stage Road (Alabama Route 14) 0.2 miles east of Waverly Road, on the left when traveling east. |
| | One of the larger settlements of the Upper Creeks at the time of Indian removal to the west, 1835-1837. Their last council fire was held here before their forced migration to Oklahoma. Pioneer families began pouring in after 1836. Today's cemetery . . . — — Map (db m85169) HM |
| On South Jefferson Street at Market Street, on the right when traveling north on South Jefferson Street. |
| | created Feb. 6, 1818 by Alabama Territorial Legislature from lands ceded by Cherokee Nation 1806 and by Chickasaw Nation in 1816. Named for creek (and its limestone bed), which runs through county.
Few settlers here until Indian treaties.
Athens . . . — — Map (db m29109) HM |
| Near Bay Village Drive at Bay Hill Drive. |
| | This burial mound is one of hundreds constructed during the Middle Woodland period between 100 BC and AD 500 by native people who shared burial practices with other similar cultural groups extending from the Gulf and Atlantic coasts to Canada. . . . — — Map (db m154232) HM |
| On Lee Highway (U.S. 72) 0.2 miles west of Wright Road, on the right when traveling west. |
| | Approx. Ľ mile North is the site of Ft. Hampton, built in 1810 and named in honor of
Brig. General Wade Hampton of Revolutionary War fame. Two Companies of soldiers were
stationed here in log buildings. The purpose of the fort, and its garrison . . . — — Map (db m154231) HM |
| | Lucy's Branch This site is named for Lucy Bedingfield, daughter of a slave and a Cherokee Indian. She was born 1832, and her Indian name was Finch. She married Meredith Bedingfield, a slave and had 9 children. Lucy was an astute and avid . . . — — Map (db m85421) HM |
| On Brownsferry Road (County Route 29) 0.2 miles west of Huntsville Brownsferry Road/Ripley Road (County Route 24), on the left when traveling west. |
| |
Side A
A church older than the county and state. First meeting house built in the fall of 1816, on Indian land, a few miles south of here along Round Island Creek. The first Govt. Land sales were in Feb. 1818 after treaties with the . . . — — Map (db m85422) HM |
| On Easter Ferry Road south of Morris Road (County Road 49), on the right when traveling south. Reported missing. |
| | Side A (North side) In the fall of 1806 a group of settlers led by William and James Sims, traveled from east Tennessee on flatboats down the Tennessee River and up the Elk River to this area. They landed near Buck Island and spread out . . . — — Map (db m85454) HM |
| On Tuskegee-Franklin Road (Alabama Route 49) 0.4 miles south of County Road 17, on the left when traveling south. |
| | Franklin School, originally constructed on this lot, was in operation as early as the 1890s teaching grades 1-11. By the mid 1930s, it was downsized to grades 1-6. There were northern and southern classrooms adjoined by a common auditorium. The . . . — — Map (db m68028) HM |
| On Old Federal Road (County Road 8), on the right when traveling west. |
| | Unmarked grave in Cubahatchie Baptist Church Cemetery. Half-blooded Creek Indian, planter, soldier, Indian agent,
and historian, Stiggins lived on a nearby farm fronting the Federal Road from 1831 until his death. There he wrote "A . . . — — Map (db m60534) HM |
| Near Old Federal Road (County Road 8) 0.1 miles west of Deer Run Trail, on the left when traveling west. |
| |
Shorter was originally called Cross Keys for the birthplace in South Carolina of an early settler, J.H. Howard. It was later named Shorter for former Alabama Governor John Gill Shorter. The town embodies the memories of the proud Creek Indian . . . — — Map (db m85463) HM |
| On Lee Highway/John T. Reid Parkway (U.S. 72 at milepost 109) at Brock Road, on the right when traveling west on Lee Highway/John T. Reid Parkway. |
| | In May 1838 soldiers, under the command of U.S. Army General Winfield Scott, began rounding up Cherokee Indians in this area who had refused to move to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. About 16,000 Cherokees were placed in stockades in Tennessee and . . . — — Map (db m33318) HM |
| On Huntsville Highway (U.S. 231/431) at Hunter Road, on the left when traveling north on Huntsville Highway. |
| | Tennessee. Lincoln County. Established 1809; named in honor of MAJOR GEN. BENJAMIN LINCOLN of the Revolutionary Army. After service at Saratoga, he was put in Chief Command in the Southern Colonies. Later, he was Secretary of War under the . . . — — Map (db m30570) HM |
| On Holmes Avenue at Lincoln St., NE on Holmes Avenue. |
| | On this spot, camped his army, October 11, 1813, after marching from Fayetteville, Tenn.,~"32 miles without halting,"~ enroute to the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. — — Map (db m30382) HM |
| On Poplar Avenue NW at Yukon Street NW, on the right when traveling west on Poplar Avenue NW. |
| |
After the Civil War, the future of African-Americans in the United States Army was in doubt. In July 1866, Congress passed legislation establishing two cavalry and four infantry regiments to be made up of African-American soldiers. The mounted . . . — — Map (db m75092) HM WM |
| On Ivy Avenue SW at SW 1st Street, on the right when traveling south on Ivy Avenue SW. |
| |
Brahan Spring Park, formerly Beaty's Spring, was the site of Camp Beaty, the encampment of Andrew Jackson's army of volunteers and militia after their celebrated non-stop march of "32 miles in 5 hours" from Fayetteville, Tennessee on October 11, . . . — — Map (db m105131) HM |
| On Northside Square at Eastside Square, on the left when traveling west on Northside Square. |
| | Made a county in 1808 by order of Governor of Mississippi Territory.
Area ceded 1805, 1806 by Cherokees, Chickasaws.
This was the first land in Alabama ceded by these great civilized tribes. — — Map (db m27848) HM |
| On Front Street just from Church Street. |
| | Early in the 1800's gold was found from Virginia to Alabama including a rich belt on Cherokee Indian land in what is now Dahlonega, GA.
causing a huge influx of miners and a land grab by new settlers.
Pressure and greed from politicians led to . . . — — Map (db m85838) HM |
| On South Cedar Avenue at East Whitfield Street, on the right when traveling north on South Cedar Avenue. |
| | Built 1842-1860 by Gen. Nathan Bryan Whitfield 1799-1868 accomplished planter of the Canebrake
using imported materials and artisans Glorifying the Greek Revival Architecture by combining Doric exterior
Corinthian grand ballroom Ionic parlor . . . — — Map (db m38068) HM |
| | Composed of limestone or “Selma
chalk” which abounds in fossils.
Called “Ecor Blanc” by
eighteenth-century French explorers
and cartographers.
Named “Chickasaw Gallery” because
early Indian inhabitants . . . — — Map (db m38001) HM |
| On Military Street South (U.S. 278) at State Route 17, on the right when traveling south on Military Street South. |
| |
Side 1
Hamilton was established on November 17, 1882 and was named in honor of Capt. Albert James Hamilton. Hamilton was first known as "Toll Gate," named for a toll gate on the Jackson Military Road. The original county seat of Marion . . . — — Map (db m96479) HM |
| On North Brindlee Mountain Parkway (State Highway 53) at North Main Street, on the right when traveling north on North Brindlee Mountain Parkway. |
| | Starting as an ancient Indian trail, the north–south road through Arab in 1816 was known as Bear Meat Cabin Road. By 1818, it had become an important Federal trade route through the Alabama Territory known as the St. Stephens – . . . — — Map (db m40134) HM |
| On Florida Short Route/Gunter Avenue (U.S. 431) at Lurleen B Wallace Drive, on the right when traveling south on Florida Short Route/Gunter Avenue. |
| | (Side A) This area's proximity to the Tennessee River and Indian trails made it a crossroads for early habitation, settlement, and trade. Archaeological studies reveal it was first inhabited about 12,000 years ago by Paleo-Indians. They . . . — — Map (db m33305) HM |
| On Florida Short Route/Gunter Avenue (U.S. 431) at Lurleen B Wallace Drive, on the right when traveling south on Florida Short Route/Gunter Avenue. |
| | . . . — — Map (db m33306) HM |
| On North Craft Highway (U.S. 43) at Viaduct Road, on the right when traveling north on North Craft Highway. |
| |
Front
The name Chickasaw originated from Native Americans living in the area prior to the arrival of the French settlement at Twenty-Seven Mile Bluff in 1702. Native Americans from the Apalachee and Choctaw Tribes referred to the creek . . . — — Map (db m111286) HM |
| On Iberville Drive north of Cadillac Avenue, on the left when traveling north. |
| | This park and bird refuge dates from the Mississippian Period (AD 1100 to 1550). Native Americans, who roasted oysters and fished in adjacent Dauphin Island Bay, visited the shell mounds for centuries. From excavations carried out in 1990, . . . — — Map (db m122350) HM |
| On St Francis Street, on the right when traveling west. |
| |
Here stood in Spanish times, the great Indian trading house of John Forbes & Co. — — Map (db m86435) HM |
| On Dauphin Street west of South Claiborne Street, on the right when traveling east. |
| | (front side)
The origin of this Cathedral was established on July 20, 1703, by Jean-Baptiste de La Croix de Chevrieres de Saint Vallier, Bishop of Quebec at Fort Louis de la Mobile, the city’s first permanent settlement. The Bishop also . . . — — Map (db m117245) HM |
| On Superintendents Drive at Coy Smith Highway (Alabama Route 96), on the right when traveling west on Superintendents Drive. |
| | The cannon in front of you, buried muzzle-down during an
1873 land survey to mark a corner of the Mount Vernon
Military Reservation, is just one of many reminders that Mount
Vernon hosted important U.S. Army posts throughout the 19th
century. . . . — — Map (db m149304) HM |
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