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Native Americans Topic
By Mark Hilton, June 25, 2018
View west towards Cooper.
GEOGRAPHIC SORT
| | Delta County pioneer, born 1805. Settled in Texas, 1835, on brother Larkin Rattan's 1,000-acre land grant; later became site for city of Paris. Both Rattan families moved to Delta County in 1839. Hiram obtained two third-class land grants for . . . — — Map (db m119786) HM |
| | Extending 45 miles along the Guadalupe River Basin, Cuero I Archeological District was created to define and preserve cultural resources threatened by a proposed reservoir. Archeological investigation in 1972-73 revealed 352 significant prehistoric . . . — — Map (db m61047) HM |
| | Privates Gregg, William Max, W. H. Kilpatrick and other soldiers who met death in this region while serving under General R. S. MacKenzie, Fourth U.S. Cavalry, 1871-1872 and 1874-1875. With no hope of honor if victorious; no dream of mercy if they . . . — — Map (db m104773) HM WM |
| | Here behind extensive breastworks Major Thomas M. Anderson, Tenth U.S. Infantry, maintained a supply camp for the Cavalry under General Ranald S. Mackenzie, Fourth U.S. Cavalry, who in 1874-1875 forced the Indians of the region onto reservations and . . . — — Map (db m104771) HM |
| | Quanah Parker & Charles Goodnight shared mutual respect, reflected in letters at Saints' Roost Museum.
Arrow Sculptor: Charles A Smith — — Map (db m152657) HM |
| | County seat, Eastland County. Named for William M. Eastland—Texas War for Independence hero who was in Mier Expedition against Mexico, and was executed in "Black Bean" lottery at Rancho Salado in 1842.
Most noted early local people were . . . — — Map (db m105247) HM |
| | A barbed, bristling flying wedge—the Comanches—rode into 18th century Texas, driving the Wichitas and Caddoes east, the Apaches west, becoming lords of the south plains. Harassed the Spanish and Anglo-Americans along frontier from Corpus . . . — — Map (db m73339) HM |
| | . . . — — Map (db m118310) HM |
| | Originally founded in 1613 at Isleta Pueblo, in New Mexico, and dedicated in 1621 as San Antonio de Isleta. Removed to El Paso area, 1680 (during Pueblo Revolt), by Tigua Indians who brought along the Patron Saint as they accompanied fleeing . . . — — Map (db m118309) HM |
| | Approximate site of
the Mission and Pueblo of
San Antonio
de Senecú
Established by Don Antonio de Otermín and Father Fray Francisco Ayeta. O.F.M. in 1682 - Maintained by Franciscan missionaries for the civilizing and Christianizing of the . . . — — Map (db m37951) HM |
| | Founded in 1682 By Don Antonio de Otermin and Padre
Fray Francisco Ayeta O.F.M.
for the civilizing and Christianizing of the Tigua Indians, Pueblo Revolt refugees, formally located at La Ysleta, New Mexico. Building damaged by floods of the Rio . . . — — Map (db m118313) HM |
| | The present site of the Ysleta Neighborhood Health Clinic was part of the earliest Native American settlement associated with a Spanish Mission in the State of Texas, circa 1680 – 1750 A.D.
In 1989-1990, archaeologists conducted . . . — — Map (db m38088) HM |
| | Site of the mission and pueblo of Nuestra Señora de la Concepción del Pueblo de Socorro established by Don Antonio de Otermín and Father Fray Francisco Ayeta, O.F.M. in 1683. Maintained by Franciscan missionaries for the civilizing and . . . — — Map (db m118295) HM |
| | In 1837, Bailey Inglish moved his family to this area from western Arkansas, where he had been an influential leader of pioneer settlers. Here he was active in the formation of Fannin County, serving on the land board and later as chief justice. To . . . — — Map (db m128647) HM |
| | Born in South Carolina in about 1787, James
Jeffres Ross was a member of the ""Old Three
Hundred." He arrived in Stephen F. Austin's colony
in late 1822 or early 1823, moving onto the league
granted him near Eagle Lake in Colorado . . . — — Map (db m22753) HM |
| | From 1540 to 1542, Francisco
Vazquez de Coronado led the first
organized European exploration of
the southwest in search of the
fabled "cities of gold." With a
company of more than a thousand
men and women and thousands of . . . — — Map (db m25292) HM |
| | Of all the confrontations between the United States Army and Indians in Texas, the Battle of Blanco Canyon is identified as one of the most decisive clashes in the U.S. cavalry’s campaigns against the Comanches. Indians inhabited the canyons and . . . — — Map (db m104808) HM |
| | In 1860 at the Battle of Pease River, Indian captive Cynthia Ann Parker and her daughter, Prairie Flower, were rescued by Texas Rangers under Capt. L.S. Ross (later Governor of Texas).
Cynthia Ann, most celebrated of all Comanche captives, . . . — — Map (db m81438) HM |
| |
Quanah Parker and the Comanches camped near here on the Pease River & Cynthia Ann recaptured 8 miles N.E.
Arrow Sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m81354) HM |
| | Ambrose Ripley and his wife Rachel (Wood) brought their family to Texas in 1837, settling near here in what was then Red River County. They established their home near the Nacogdoches Road (Cherokee Trace) and a stream now known as Ripley Creek. . . . — — Map (db m119349) HM |
| | The first recorded history of Galveston Island occurred in 1528 with the shipwreck of Cabeza de Vaca and his crewmen. They were survivors of Alvarez de Pineda’s ill-fated expedition to Florida and were held captive here by the Karankawa Indians. De . . . — — Map (db m143812) HM |
| | In this area is one of several known Karankawa campsites or burial grounds. Now extinct, the nomadic Indians lived along the Texas coast, depending on the Gulf for survival. In 1528 they aided Spanish explorer Cabeza de Vaca, but resisted all . . . — — Map (db m30451) HM |
| | Established in 1849 by Doss brothers. Operated 1859-1878 by William F. Lange; 1878-1888 by Julius Lange. Its products were famed throughout the region. One of the last of the old burr mills in Texas; one of few in as perfect a state of preservation. . . . — — Map (db m91745) HM |
| | During Fredericksburg’s 150th anniversary, we celebrate the enduring friendship between the Comanche Nation and the people of Gillespie County.
We honor the Comanches who helped to create and preserve this relationship and their descendants . . . — — Map (db m94228) HM |
| | This marl and limestone hill, elevation 1,915 feet, was an Indian signal point, advancing news of the intrusions of white settlers. The hill was first recorded and described by the German geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Roemer in 1847. A timber cross found . . . — — Map (db m71921) HM |
| |
Commissioner-General of the Society for
the Protection of German Immigrants in Texas
who became a citizen of the Republic of Texas
under the name of John O. Meusebach.
Founder of Fredericksburg on May 8, 1846.
On March 1-2, 1847, he . . . — — Map (db m35893) HM |
| | To be a Texan, Meusebach gave up title of baron in 1845. As commissioner-general, German-Emigration Company, he founded Fredericksburg in 1846 as gateway to Fisher-Miller land grant, hunting ground of the Comanche. By emptying his firearms, he won . . . — — Map (db m91648) HM |
| | John O. Meusebach, German settler and founder of Fredericksburg, and Penatuka Comanche chief, Santanna share a peace pipe on May 7, 1847, at the signing of the treaty between the People of Fredericksburg and the Comanche Nation. The standing . . . — — Map (db m35884) HM |
| |
Several bands of Comanche and Lipan Apache Indians lived in the region of Texas in which the Germans established Fredericksburg. Interaction between the German immigrants and the Native Americans was inevitable and potentially hostile. The . . . — — Map (db m118487) HM |
| | Established by the United States Army
December 5, 1848
as a protection to travelers and
settlers against Indian attack.
Named in honor of Major Martin Scott,
Brevet Lieutenant Colonel,
5th United States Infantry,
killed at Molino . . . — — Map (db m126961) HM |
| |
Throughout the 1700s, the Comanche Indians continually thwarted the imperial efforts of the Spaniards, who moved north from Mexico in an attempt to claim the Great Plains. After horses entered Comanche culture, a company of Spanish infantry . . . — — Map (db m118469) HM |
| |
At the height of activity at Fort Martin Scott, the post accommodated up to three hundred soldiers. Of the fort’s twenty buildings, the sutler’s store was among the most important to the soldiers. The sutler was a civilian merchant, licensed . . . — — Map (db m118502) HM |
| | Pioneer preacher Matthew Taylor and the families of his daughter and two sons moved here in 1863 from their homestead on the Llano River. They built a cabin on this site near the source of the Pedernales River. In August 1864, Matthew and his son . . . — — Map (db m59741) HM |
| | Founded in 1754 for the Cujane Indians. Capt. Manuel Ramirez de la Piszina, commander of nearby Presidio la Bahia, named this mission for his parish church in Spain, and Fray Juan Dios Camberos ministered to the first converts here. The Indians . . . — — Map (db m132016) HM |
| | Missionaries from the college of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Zacatecas founded Nuestra Señora del Rosario in 1754 for the coastal Karankawa tribes. The extensive cattle ranching operation begun by sister mission Espiritu Santo also supported . . . — — Map (db m34287) HM |
| | Established in 1754
for the Cujane Nation.
Here faithful Franciscan
missionaries attempted to
Christianize and civilize
the Indians of the region
until 1794. — — Map (db m34284) HM |
| | First established at the site of La Salle's Fort on Garcitas Creek, Victoria County, among the Coco, Cujanes, Karankawa and other Indian tribes in 1722. Moved to Mission Valley, Victoria County, on the Guadalupe River among the Jaranames and . . . — — Map (db m68955) HM |
| | Native Americans and military forces have long camped at nearby springs that served as an oasis in the surrounding area. In 1852, U.S. Capt. Randolph B. Marcy led an expedition in search of the Red River headwaters, and his party camped here on . . . — — Map (db m154112) HM |
| | Ten miles southwest of here Lieutenant Frank D. Baldwin commanding two companies of United States troops attacked a large band of Cheyenne Indians and rescued two white girl captives, November 8, 1874. — — Map (db m154113) HM |
| | 1872-74, Comanche, Kiowa & Cheyenne fought U.S. Army in series of battles on lands in present-day Gray county
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m154110) HM |
| |
Comanche, Kiowa & Cheyenne fought Red River War Battles nearby, seen in White Deer Land Museum exhibit.
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m155148) HM |
| | Also known as New Danville, this rural community was established around 1847, and reportedly named by S. Slade Barnett and family in honor of their former hometown of Danville, Kentucky. Located along the intersection of major roadways to Marshall, . . . — — Map (db m138890) HM |
| | In 1821 near this site, Cherokee Indians blazed a trail from near Nacogdoches, Texas, to their home reservation at White River, Ark. They slashed trees, cleared path, planted "Cherokee" roses, and established camps at springs.
Used by Sam . . . — — Map (db m139093) HM |
| | The Comanches and other tribes traveled Blackwater Draw, 3 miles west of Abernathy, through 1874.
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m155152) HM |
| | Stretching onward toward the sunset, o'er prairie, hill and vale, far beyond the double mountains winds the Old MacKenzie Trail.
Ah, what thoughts and border memories does that dreaming trail suggest; thoughts of travelers gone forever to the . . . — — Map (db m91267) HM |
| | Quanah Parker and the Comanches frequented Running Water Draw and the Hackberry Grove nearby
Arrow Sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m155151) HM |
| | Quanah Parker and Comanches used Field's Crossing over Prairie Dog Town Fork of Red River by Memphis
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m152658) HM |
| | Early inhabitants of this area were Comanche and Kiowa Indians whose campsites were situated around four dolomite hills called Medicine Mounds and known for their healing properties. In 1854, area land was deeded to a railway company. Anglo settlers . . . — — Map (db m98594) HM |
| | Quanah Parker, man of vision, fought against all odds to save the Comanche way of life. Then, he fought to survive and prosper in a white man's world. His mother, a white woman captured by Indians at age nine, was raised a Comanche. When Quanah was . . . — — Map (db m96820) HM |
| |
The legendary Quanah Parker, railway icon and town namesake, blessed Town of Quanah in 1890
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m96823) HM |
| | In this vicinity lies evidence of a prehistoric Indian campsite and burial ground that takes its current name from the property on which it resided at the time of its discovery. The archeological site is classified as a shell midden site because of . . . — — Map (db m50124) HM |
| | In this vicinity are the remains of a prehistoric Indian refuse pile, comprised mainly of clam shells. Archeologists call such sites "shell middens." They are the result of centuries of shellfish harvesting by early Indian groups. Shells found at . . . — — Map (db m35922) HM |
| | Ancestral home of Texas Caddo Indians, this region gained a distinctive character in the 19th century. From 1806 to 1845 it lay in an area disputed by various countries and designated, from 1819, as the “neutral ground.” Settlers living . . . — — Map (db m110850) HM |
| | The original inhabitants of this area were the Caddo Indians. Anglo settlers, mostly from the southern U.S., began arriving in the 1830’s. Many obtained Mexican land grants in 1835, and population increased following Texas Independence in 1836.
The . . . — — Map (db m110883) HM |
| | The complex that includes the McElroy-Severn House/Stagecoach House and Onion Creek Post Office occupies a 51-acre tract of land on a high bluff above a branch leading into Onion Creek, about a quarter mile east of Buda. The post office and . . . — — Map (db m80186) HM |
| | At the request of Antonio Cordero, interim governor of the Province of Texas, Spanish-born Felipe Roque de la Portilla (1768?-1841) established a colony here on El Camino Real. With his own family of eight, he brought 51 persons from the interior . . . — — Map (db m157441) HM |
| | The gulley seen about fifty yards behind this marker originated from ruts in the El Camino Real (the Royal Road) from San Antonio to Nacogdoches. The road actually had two routes through what is now Hays County, and, creating confusion, both had . . . — — Map (db m20273) HM |
| | The Camino Real, also known as the Old San Antonio Road and the King's Highway, followed a route from Nacogdoches to the Rio Grande. Louis Juchereau de St. Denis (1676-1744) traveled the route to establish trade between the French in Louisiana and . . . — — Map (db m76901) HM |
| | Pouring forth millions of gallons of clear, icy water daily, these springs feed the San Marcos River and the 1,380-square-mile area which it drains. The immense springs rise at the Balcones Escarpment, a geologic fault line which slices across the . . . — — Map (db m68778) HM |
| | Known officially as Villa de San Marcos de Neve. Established in 1807 by Mexican settlers. The population on January 6, 1808 was 81. A flood in 1808 and subsequent Indian raids led to its abandonment in 1812 — — Map (db m76023) HM |
| | Born in Massachusetts. Came to Texas, 1888, as Hemphill County's first public school teacher. Often saw Indians darken the schoolroom windows trying to watch her classes recite.
Married Will C. Isaacs in 1892.
Founder and guiding spirit of . . . — — Map (db m55767) HM |
| | Peta Nocona died of old war wound while picking wild plums on Canadian River; buried in Antelope Hills, c. 1863
Arrow Sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m153570) HM |
| | During the U.S. Army campaigns in 1874 against marauding Indians, Captain Wyllys Lyman led a wagon train to Camp Supply, Oklahoma, for rations for General Nelson A. Miles' troops on duty in Texas. On the way, Indians attacked, and the longest . . . — — Map (db m153580) HM |
| | Driven from Eastern states by white settlers, Cherokee Indians migrated to the East Texas area, becoming established by 1820. In 1822, they unsuccessfully sought title to their land from Mexico.
The years following were ones of an . . . — — Map (db m91604) HM |
| | In 1830, John Crane applied to be a part of Joseph Vehlein's colony. Reportedly from Virginia, he was a veteran of the War of 1812. He moved his wife and seven children to what is now Walker County, Texas, in 1834. There, he organized men and became . . . — — Map (db m31567) HM |
| | A sandstone image of a human head - carved by prehistoric men - was found near here in 1929 by workmen of Texas Clay Products Company. It was dug from gravel pit now under Cedar Creek Lake.
The carving weighed 98 pounds, was 16 by 14 inches, . . . — — Map (db m30027) HM |
| | Was founded near this marker
May 24, 1690,
at the Nabedache (Tejas) Indian Village
Erected, A. D. 1934, by DeZavala Chapter,
Texas Historical and Landmarks Association.
Located by: Dr. Albert Woldert, Tyler, Texas.
Miss . . . — — Map (db m121405) HM |
| | First Spanish Mission in East Texas. Established in 1690 by Franciscan friars to convert the Tejas Indians. "Tejas", a Spanish rendition of the Indian word for "friend", was in time adopted as the state name.
The founding party was led by Capt. . . . — — Map (db m121406) HM |
| | Was founded in this vicinity Summer 1690 "on the banks of the Arcangel San Miguel" (Neches) River. Erected A.D. 1934 by De Zavala Chapter, Texas Historical and Landmarks Association.
Located by: Dr. Albert Woldert, Tyler, Texas; Miss Adina De . . . — — Map (db m121255) HM |
| | A favorite campsite of Tejas Indians in the years before European settlers arrived, this location was used in turn by explorers, Spanish missionaries, traders and armies. Travelers were attracted by abundant game, including deer and wild turkey, and . . . — — Map (db m121251) HM |
| | For Comanche war parties, about 1750 to 1875, the Big Spring was an oasis. Here paths from northeast, north and northwest twined into the War Trail that led to San Antonio and other Texas points, and down into Mexico. At the Big Spring, parties from . . . — — Map (db m73315) HM |
| | (English)
Over one million years ago a large, shallow lake occupied this area. Salt deposits left behind as the lake dried up became an extremely important resource to the people of the El Paso Valley.
Salt was considered sacred to . . . — — Map (db m128276) HM |
| | One of the many fearless stage drivers who traveled on the Ben Ficklin Overland Mail Line from San Antonio to El Paso. On this dangerous route, threatened by wild Apaches, Fransal regularly drove his mule-drawn stage.
He served as a Texas . . . — — Map (db m60760) HM |
| |
Battles at Adobe Walls near here: Comanches & Allied Tribes 1864
Quanah Parker & Allied Tribes 1874
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m155147) HM |
| | Plains Village Native Americans occupied a series of
interconnected rock dwellings near here from about
1200-1500. Called "Texas' first apartment house," the
ruins have been the focus of numerous excavations
through the years. Made of native . . . — — Map (db m71822) HM |
| | Here on June 27, 1874 about 700 picked warriors from the Comanche, Cheyenne and Kiowa Indian tribes were defeated by 28 brave frontiersmen:
James Hanbahan • Billy Tyler • “Bat” Masterson • Dutch Henry • Mike Welch • — Keeler • . . . — — Map (db m63864) HM |
| | Largest Indian battle in Civil War. 15 miles east, at ruins of Bent's Old Fort, on the Canadian.
3,000 Comanches and Kiowas, allies of the South, met 372 Federals under Col. Kit Carson, famous scout and mountain man. Though Carson made a . . . — — Map (db m93248) HM |
| | (Front)
Dove Creek Battle
On January 8, 1865 eight miles east of here Confederate troops and Texas militiamen engaged a large party of Kickapoo Indians. The Indians, formerly hostile to the South, had entered Texas without authority . . . — — Map (db m126176) HM |
| | Situated in the present county of Jackson was the mission of Nuestra Señora del Espiritu Santo de Zuñiga. Established by Joseph de Azlor, Marquis of Aguayo, and Father Fray Agustin Patron, O.F.M. in 1722 for the civilizing and Christianizing of the . . . — — Map (db m120608) HM |
| | Used from 1870s to 1914. Settlers buried here include: Mr. and Mrs. Diedrick Dutchover, immigrants from Belgium and Spain; their surname, coined by a recruiter in the Mexican War, is borne by many descendants. Dolores, who on her wedding eve . . . — — Map (db m53144) HM |
| | In early days the Indian trail through these mountains followed the gorge below known as Limpia Canyon. To avoid the floods travelers over the San Antonio - El Paso Road, emigrants, U.S. troops and supply trains, and the mail chose this higher pass . . . — — Map (db m59709) HM |
| | Probably formed during the Pleistocene epoch by the
underground passage of the Cibolo River, Cascade Cavern presents an interesting mix of geological, archeological,and historical features. It exhibits a combination of the joint and the dip and . . . — — Map (db m46924) HM |
| | A molder of world opinion. His theme: Greatness of Texas. Born in New Hampshire. Learned printing and worked in New York, Boston and Washington, D.C. With Francis A. Lumsden, in 1837 founded New Orleans Picayune. Joined the Texan-Santa Fe . . . — — Map (db m47507) HM |
| | On Indian-infested frontier 125 miles beyond Fort Belknap and outer settlements. Northernmost business in Confederate Texas. Established at great risk, to obtain salt, scarce during Civil War and vitally needed to cure meat, season food, cure hides . . . — — Map (db m105239) HM |
| | Comanches traveled trails in Kent
Co., NE to Croton Salt, S to Old
Mexico and to evade U.S. Cavalry.
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m105234) HM |
| | The Penateka, or “honey eaters,” were the southernmost band of Comanches; their range extended from the Edwards Plateau to the beginnings of central Texas rivers. The nomadic Comanches followed buffalo as they migrated, depending on the . . . — — Map (db m93509) HM |
| | Killed on this spot by Indians on Christmas Eve, 1876. He was 16 years old, and herding sheep for his father, Dr. E.K. Kountz.
A brother, Sebastian, aged 11, escaped. A posse and Texas Rangers chased the Indians to the Guadalupe River.
. . . — — Map (db m90733) HM |
| | Established October 1877 as patrol base for Co. E, Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers, on the lookout for Indians and outlaws along the Llano River. Area was popular refuge for cattle and horse thieves, murderers, mail robbers—and within a few . . . — — Map (db m90817) HM |
| | Most direct road from San Antonio to Santa Fe, during Spanish era in Texas, 1519-1821. Charted for closer ties between Mexico City and New Mexico, after American explorer Zebulon Pike blazed trail from U.S. to New Mexico. Spanish road of 1808 was . . . — — Map (db m56492) HM |
| | On Dec. 24, 1876, a band of Indians killed Sam Speer, only 17 years of age, who was driving in horses near here. A 50-caliber gun his brother was using failed to fire. This was the last Indian murder in Kimble County. Speer is buried in the North . . . — — Map (db m136241) HM |
| | One of earliest Kimble County communities. Opened by James Bradbury, Sr., a frontiersman. Between 1850 and 1864 he moved here from Williamson County with six children, after death of his wife. He erected several picket or log buildings, and had . . . — — Map (db m90735) HM |
| | When Fort Clark’s Seminole-Negro Indian Scout Detachment was disbanded by the U.S. Army on September 30, 1914, the Seminoles were required to relocate to Brackettville. They held school in their church until new grounds were purchased by the . . . — — Map (db m63227) HM |
| |
The early 19th century saw the emergence of the Comanche people as the undisputed lords of the Southwestern Plains of Texas. Comanches used Las Moras Spring Habitual resting place on their great eastern war trail during their annual migration . . . — — Map (db m89562) HM |
| | A strategic installation in the U.S. Army's line of forts along the military road stretching from San Antonio to El Paso, Fort Clark was established in June 1852. Located near natural springs and Las Moras Creek, its site was considered a point of . . . — — Map (db m36395) HM |
| | Born in Spanish Florida of a black mother and Seminole father in 1812, John Horse (also known as Juan Caballo, Juan Cavallo, or Gopher John) was a prominent leader of Seminole blacks during the 2nd Seminole War. After a valiant fight alongside . . . — — Map (db m94937) HM |
| | As the ninth largest springs in Texas and the largest springs in Kinney County, Las Moras Spring is significant due to its location and invaluable natural resources. Moras, meaning “mulberries” in one Spanish translation, refer to . . . — — Map (db m122591) HM |
| | Burial site of heroic U.S. Army men, families, and heirs. These Seminoles came mainly from Florida about 1850; lived in northern Mexico or Texas; joined Lt. (later a general) John L. Bullis and Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie in ridding Texas of hostile . . . — — Map (db m55358) HM |
| | Insignias of "Indian Wars", "USS (United States Scouts)" and "United States Army For Service" are included along the top of the marker
Fathers, sons, and brothers served side-by-side, each new generation becoming Scouts. Soldiering and . . . — — Map (db m55412) HM |
| |
Fifty-two years before the celebrated landing of English settlers at Plymouth Rock, in what is now Massachusetts, three Englishmen traveled this South Texas area. They were sailors who had gone to sea in 1567 with Sir John Hawkins, an admiral of . . . — — Map (db m117500) HM |
| |
First expedition to give detailed descriptions of Texas' offshore islands and to refer to Corpus Christi Bay by its present name.
The exploration was ordered by the viceroy of New Spain in the midst of rumors that the English planned to . . . — — Map (db m118050) HM |
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