In the early morning darkness on February 21, 1865, Lt. Jesse McNeill and his 66 Partisan Rangers (Confederate guerrillas) descended Knobly Mountain and stopped briefly at the residence of Felix R. Seymour, a Southern sympathizer. They then forded . . . — — Map (db m4680) HM
The Cumberland is a full scale replica canal boat, measuring approximately 93 feet long and 14.5 feet wide. It was constructed in 1976 as a Bicentennial project the C&O Canal of Cumberland, Maryland, Inc. (COCCM), a non-profit organization . . . — — Map (db m140080) HM
For the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal boatmen and their family or crew, the captain's cabin was their living quarters on the boat. About 10 feet by 14 feet in size, the cabin served as the eating and sleeping area for as few as two and as many as 8-10 . . . — — Map (db m140155) HM
Cumberland, the western terminus of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, was the location where the George's Creek coal from western Allegany County was transferred from the short line railroads to canal boats for shipment east. Cumberland was also the . . . — — Map (db m67484) HM
The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal was planned to link the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay with Pittsburgh and the Ohio River Valley. Construction began at Georgetown in 1828; by 1850 only 184 of the 365 miles were complete. Financial . . . — — Map (db m140078) HM
About this sign
The outline drawing above represents the heritage-themed mural to your right. The mural is organized chronologically into sections. Each section is described here, with accompanying historic images..
Prior . . . — — Map (db m140051) HM
Downtown
The Downtown Cumberland Mall is the main shopping and dining district for the city. The brick street is lined with large multi-story commercial buildings, which were built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These buildings . . . — — Map (db m139110) HM
Will's Creek Settlement, later known as Cumberland, served as a major gateway for trade, military campaigns against the French, and settlement beyond the mountains in our growing nation. "The New Storehouses" of the Ohio Company were across the . . . — — Map (db m17783) HM
Independence Day, July 4th, 1828, would be an important day for Cumberland, Maryland. On that day, far to the east, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad both broke ground. The finish line of these companies' race was the . . . — — Map (db m67478) HM
Independence Day, July 4th, 1828, would be an important day for Cumberland, Maryland. On that day, far to the east, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad both broke ground. The finish line of these companies' race was the . . . — — Map (db m140083) HM
Hike and bike from Pittsburgh to the Chesapeake Bay. You are standing on part of the Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail. Explore the Potomac River, Chesapeake Bay, and the Allegheny Highlands on this trail network that includes both land and . . . — — Map (db m140084) HM
This monument was erected in memory of the Irish laborers who died building the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
1828 – 1850 — — Map (db m140190) HM
The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal ran from Georgetown in Washington, D.C. (Mile 0) to Cumberland, MD (Mile 184.5), paralleling the Potomac River. Most of the heavy shipping originated from the western terminus at Cumberland. Boatmen carrying coal, . . . — — Map (db m67482) HM
Log Roll Overlook offers the hiker an enjoyable westward view of the Town Creek watershed and a view of three states. The overlook was named for logs that were rolled down the steep mountain slope in the late 1800s, to a sawmill on Town Creek. . . . — — Map (db m95911) HM
Long Pond Trail follows the 15-Mile Creek stream valley. This trail winds over ridges and valleys with several steep ascents and descents. These features make it one of the most challenging trails at Green Ridge State Forest.
The trail is named . . . — — Map (db m95916) HM
In 1970, this dam was constructed by the Army Corps of Engineers to impound Rocky Gap Run and create Lake Habeeb. The 243-acre lake is named in honor of Edward Habeeb who inspired the establishment of Rocky Gap State Park.
This lake is . . . — — Map (db m95907) HM
The National Road has sustained Frostburg for almost two centuries. As the road was being surveyed in 1811, Josiah Frost began laying out lots. Businesses, serving passing stagecoaches and wagons, soon lined a developing Main Street.
By the . . . — — Map (db m199906) HM
The Paw Paw Tunnel stands as a monument to the ability and daring of 19th century canal builders. By building the mile-long cut through the mountain, including the 3,118-foot tunnel, the canal avoided six miles of river bends and steep, rocky . . . — — Map (db m25098) HM
The Potomac River meanders through six miles of bends here with steep cliffs dropping to the river, making the digging of a ditch canal nearly impossible. The canal company could have followed a natural fold (1) in the rock stratification to . . . — — Map (db m140022) HM
Walk in the footsteps of the Irish and German laborers who built the Paw Paw Tunnel. Follow a portion of the access road they travelled to get to labor housing and work camps near the vertical shafts on the top of the mountain. Enjoy Potomac . . . — — Map (db m140024) HM
Midway between the towns of Frostburg and Westernport stands the Lonaconing Iron Furnace - a mute reminder of a once important industry in the George's Creek valley.
The George's Creek Coal & Iron Company was founded in 1835. In 1836, an act of . . . — — Map (db m139083) HM
The basin before you, above Lock 70, provided a landing for canal boats. A general store was built adjoining the original lockhouse. Across the lock a feed store was built. Boatmen could leave the hustle and bustle of Cumberland and tie up here to . . . — — Map (db m140010) HM
The C&O Canal could be shut down by too much water...or too little. This steam pump maintained the water level during periods of drought. Foundation rubble is all that is left of the pump house that was built on this site in the 1870s. The original . . . — — Map (db m204848) HM
In 1771 when Annapolis merchant Charles Wallace laid out plot lines on Cornhill Street, former ship captain Beriah Maybury leased two plots and built this house which he opened as the King's Arms Tavern in 1773. In 1792 he renamed it the Sign of the . . . — — Map (db m6450) HM
"Annapolis is an almost perfect example of town/village GOLD Bay Partner." Comment from the presentation to Annapolis as a Gold Medal Community Partner.
Environmental Protection Agency, 2007
As a model for . . . — — Map (db m114559) HM
The maritime industry and the history of Annapolis are closely intertwined. This connection extends beyond downtown to historic Eastport, the neighborhood located across the Spa Creek Bridge. Eastport was developed after the Civil War as Horn Point . . . — — Map (db m114799) HM
100 Years
From the Depths - Sea Power
1900 - 2000
Dedicated to those
who serve beneath the seas,
families and support personnel
[Back of marker}:In recognition of the generosity
of the following donors
Lockheed Martin . . . — — Map (db m6398) HM
In the 1700s, the shore of Annapolis followed approximately along the line of buildings that now front Dock Street, Market Space, and part of Compromise Street—everything closer to the water is built upon fill. Through the next three centuries, . . . — — Map (db m114794) HM
In command of the Central America, home-bound with California Gold seekers, Captain Herndon lost his life in a gallant effort to save ship and lives during a cyclone off Hatteras, September 12, 1857
"Forgetful of self, in his death he . . . — — Map (db m7213) HM
February 22, 1797: At the Presidential Mansion in Philadelphia, President George Washington formally presented Irish-born John Barry with Commission Number One in the newly formed United States Navy. With the commission, backdated to the . . . — — Map (db m114812) HM
Annapolis' Sister City of Wexford, Ireland, was the boyhood home of John Barry, naval hero of the American Revolution. Barry went to sea as a young boy and advanced to be master of his own vessel. he settled in America and in 1776 joined the . . . — — Map (db m114944) HM
The draketail vessel made its appearance on the waters of the Chesapeake Bay in the early 1900s. The name "draketail" came from the appearance of its stern which resembles the aft end of a duck. The draketail was the first power-driven workboat used . . . — — Map (db m114872) HM
The first English settlers were a group of Puritans who established Providence, a settlement at the mouth of the Severn River, in 1649. The Puritans probably used Captain John Smith's Bay map to navigate here from Virginia. Their settlement was not . . . — — Map (db m114869) HM
The brigantine Peggy Stewart, named after the daughter of the owner, Annapolis merchant Anthony Stewart, sailed by here on her return from England on October 14, 1774. Like other Maryland merchants, Stewart had agreed not to import tea in . . . — — Map (db m170220) HM
Robert Fulton launched the first commercially viable steamboat on the Hudson River in 1807, although a Marylander named James Rumsey demonstrated a working steamboat on the Potomac River as early as 1784. Steamboats started running on the Chesapeake . . . — — Map (db m114867) HM
At the turn of the 20th century, eight or more oyster houses surrounded Annapolis City Dock and harbor. Oysters were shucked, packed and shipped all around the country by steamboat and railroad. The market for "Chesapeake white gold" was so . . . — — Map (db m114866) HM
Greg Harlin's magnificent historical painting honors the maritime and military heritage of Annapolis and it's significant role in our modern day liberties. The artwork features one of American history's legendary frigates, the Ranger . . . — — Map (db m125120) HM
In memory of Japanese Ambassador Hirosi Saito who died in Washington on Jan 26, 1939 & whose remains were by order of President Franklin D Roosevelt conveyed on board the USS Astoria to his native land. In grateful appreciation of American . . . — — Map (db m70122) HM WM
The Memorial commemorates the arrival in Annapolis of Kunte Kinte, Alex Haley’s ancestor, as told in his book, Roots. That arrival was not a voluntary one. Kunte Kinte was one among one hundred-forty Africans forced into the hold of the slave . . . — — Map (db m6392) HM
Class of 1897, United States Naval Academy
USS Oregon, Battle of Santiago, 3 July 1898
Chief, Bureau of Ordnance, 1927-1931
Commander, Destroyers, Scouting Force, 1931-1933
Chief, Bureau of Navigation, 1933-1935
Vice Admiral, . . . — — Map (db m114852) HM WM
Mahan Hall
------
Named in honor of
Rear Admiral Alfred Thayer Mahan USN
1840-1914
U.S. Naval Academy Class of 1859
President U.S. Naval War College — — Map (db m63567) HM
From its earliest history until the 1920s, log canoes, merchant sailing ships, workboats, ferry and steam boats, comprised the majority of vessels in these waters. But after local businessmen developed marinas to accommodate pleasure craft, the . . . — — Map (db m19292) HM
These anchors known as “Old Fashioned” anchors were made for our Navy’s first armored cruiser “New York” the flagship of Rear Admiral William T. Sampson during the Spanish-American War and weigh approximately 10,500 lbs. — — Map (db m97273) HM
"We wasted our inheritance by improvidence and mismanagement and blind confidence."
William K. Brooks, The Oyster, 1891
Vital to Commerce
For over 100 years, oysters were one of the Chesapeake Bay's most valuable commercial . . . — — Map (db m114863) HM
"State sets new record for oyster restoration; 750,000,000 spat placed in rivers that feed the Bay."
The Capital, 2009
Vital to Nature
The native Eastern or American oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a keystone species . . . — — Map (db m114864) HM
[Front]:
To those members of the Armed Forces of the United States who served at Pearl Harbor and other military installations on the island of Oahu during the Japanese attack on Sunday morning, December 7, 1941, to perpetuate the memory . . . — — Map (db m7819) HM
Francis Nicholson became governor of the province of Maryland in 1694. He was largely responsible for the relocation of Maryland's capital from St. Mary's City to the more centrally located town on the Severn River that he named Annapolis. In . . . — — Map (db m114551) HM
Main Street, first named Church Street in 1696, provided a route to and from the busy port at City Dock. The street quickly became a corridor of commercial, political, and professional, and entertainment services for the City of Annapolis and the . . . — — Map (db m114792) HM
The SS Central America, known as the Ship of Gold, was a 280 foot sidewheel steamer that operated between Central America and the eastern coast of the United States during the 1850s. The Captain of the ship in 1857 was Commander William Lewis . . . — — Map (db m200301) HM
"There was a wharf where the steamboats came in. Right down at the foot of Prince George Street...The Tolchester boat used to come in and they'd pick up one thing or another, and bring them all up Prince George Street. Cows, horses, whatever they . . . — — Map (db m156878) HM
U.S. Navy Submarines paid heavily for their success in World War II. A total of 374 officers and 3131 men are on board these 52 submarines still on "patrol."
We shall never forget that it was our submarines that held the lines . . . — — Map (db m227887) HM WM
The first important work on water sanitation, that of Edwin Chadwick in 1842, finally seemed to have caught local attention in the 1850s when the City Council passed the first ordinances governing disposal of human remains. A decade later, large . . . — — Map (db m114561) HM
was destroyed an sunk
in the Delaware River
by Col. Smith's American Battery
October 23rd, A.D. 1777
——……… ——
This Cannon is one of the sixty four. — — Map (db m100649) HM WM
U. S. S. Paddle (SS 263) carried this bell throughout World War II. Similar bells were carried by all U. S. Submarines.
Upon this bell we toll the loss of 52 American submarines and crew of 3,621 officers and enlisted men who went down fighting . . . — — Map (db m6807) HM
Presented to the U. S. Naval Academy
by
the Class of 1945
June 7, 1989
Dedicated to
all who have left these shores
to serve our Country — — Map (db m6846) HM
To the memory of Somers, Caldwell, Decatur, Wadsworth, Dorsey, Israel.
The love of Glory inspired them, Fame has crowned their deeds, History records the event. The Children of Columbia admire and Commerce laments their fall.
Erected in the . . . — — Map (db m100661) WM
"...two Ferry boats were procured...we made the mouth of the Severn River but the ignorance of the People on board, with respect to the navigation of it run us aground first on Greenbury Point from whence with much exertion and difficulty we got . . . — — Map (db m19289) HM
(Upper Marker):
The globe within this monument contains water collected by the U.S.S. Triton (SSRN-586), from the twenty-two seas transited during the first submerged circumnavigation of the world in 1960.
(Lower Marker): . . . — — Map (db m7475) HM
[Panel 1:]
[Rendering of the Medal of Honor (U.S. Navy/Marine Corps)]
"Never give in; never give in; never, never, never--in nothing great or small, large or petty--never give in except to convictions of honour and good sense. . . . — — Map (db m12972) HM
[Panel 1:]
"Be first a person of honor."
Test Pilot - First to fly Mach II in Naval Aircraft
Korea, F2H Banshee
Vietnam, F-4 Phantom
Prisoner of War, Vietnam 1967-1973
Superintendent, United States Naval Academy . . . — — Map (db m12997) HM
More than a dozen oyster houses ringed the waterfront by the 1870s, some built out into the harbor on pilings. Throughout the winter, local watermen harvested shellfish from the Bay and sold their catch to the packing houses. Shuckers, many of whom . . . — — Map (db m19291) HM
Formerly an Indian trail to cross South River. In early colonial times it became a principle thoroughfare connecting Annapolis with southern Maryland and Virginia. George Washington remarked on the beautiful roses that still flourish there. — — Map (db m9287) HM
Over the past 400 years, distinctive types of boats were developed for seafood harvesting and shipping on the Bay.
Native Americans made the first dugout canoe from a hollowed-out log. The earliest English boat builders, called . . . — — Map (db m114883) HM
Herbert Edgar Sadler was born to a waterman's family in 1902. He began learning the trade at the age of 12, earning a penny for each fish he cleaned for a local seafood vendor. His experience led to a life's work on the water.
Cap'n Sadler . . . — — Map (db m170219) HM
Little HES is a classic example of a Chesapeake Bay "deadrise", built for fishing and crabbing in the summer and oystering in the winter. The term "deadrise" refers to the underwater shape of a hull. Little HES has a sharp vee-entry . . . — — Map (db m170218) HM
You're looking out across the mouth of the Severn River where it meets the Chesapeake Bay. In the summer of 1608 Captain John Smith sailed within sight of this spot four times during his "voyages of discovery" up and down the Chesapeake Bay. His . . . — — Map (db m114871) HM
In the 20th century, overharvesting, disease, pollution and the dramatic growth of the Bay region's human population led to the decline in commercial fishing for oysters, crabs and other seafood species. As a result, the number of wooden boats . . . — — Map (db m114865) HM
Methods of harvesting oysters and crabs on the Chesapeake Bay have changed very little over the years.
The internal combustion engine, invented at the end of the 19th century, eventually displaced sails on workboats. The addition of . . . — — Map (db m114885) HM
On February 20, 1781, George Washington ordered the Marquis de Lafayette with 1,200 men of the newly-established Light Infantry Corps to Virginia to counter Benedict Arnold's raids around Richmond. Lafayette arrived at the Head of Elk on March 3 . . . — — Map (db m170197) HM
1600's
Captain John Smith and the Jamestown Expedition wrote:
Oysters "lay on the ground as thick as stones."
1700's
Chesapeake traveler Francis Louis Michel wrote:
"The abundance of oysters is incredible."
1870-1890 . . . — — Map (db m114862) HM
The Lydia D is a replica model of a skipjack which made its appearance on the Chesapeake Bay in the late 1800s. The skipjack, with its shallow draft and centerboard, was used primarily to dredge for oysters. The skipjack design was so popular . . . — — Map (db m114873) HM
The Chesapeake Bay’s native Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is the keystone species and building block for habitat in the Bay (shown in picture below). The survival rate and diversity of other Bay organisms are directly connected to the . . . — — Map (db m79935) HM
[First Panel]:]
About the Seabees
Born in the early days of World War II when the nation was in dire peril, their mission was to build bases for the combat forces, to defend those bases, and to provide other support of whatever . . . — — Map (db m9620) HM
Captured on the British flagship Confiance on Lake Champlain, September 11, 1814, by Commodore Thomas MacDonough.
This gun has a dent on the muzzle from an American shot which caused the gun to recoil and kill the British commander, . . . — — Map (db m7812) HM
Manufactured for the U.S. Navy's David Taylor Research Center by National Waste Technologies under a joint project sponsored by the Naval Sea Systems Command and The Council for Solid Waste Solutions. — — Map (db m114851) HM WM
Sampson Hall
Named In Honor Of
Rear Admiral William Thomas Sampson, U.S.N.
1840-1902
Head of Department of Physics and Chemistry
Chief of Bureau of Ordnance
Superintendent, U.S. Naval Academy
Commander in . . . — — Map (db m114853) HM WM
A New England native, sailor Arnie Gay steered into the Annapolis harbor on the wooden schooner Delilah in the late 1940s with $7.00 in his pocket and an enthusiasm to bring a sailing empire to the City’s neglected and abandoned waterfront. He . . . — — Map (db m114878) HM
The historic buildings you can see from here date back to before 1900, when the first bridge to Annapolis connected to the end of this street. In those days, Fourth Street was the bustling commercial heart of Eastport. Anything you wanted from . . . — — Map (db m114860) HM
Prestigious sailboat racing events have made Annapolis famous. But the real reason for Annapolis' reputation as "America's Sailing Capital" is the community of Eastport. There are more marine-related businesses here than anywhere on the East Coast . . . — — Map (db m5727) HM
This is where Eastport's famed boat building industry began. On this site in 1868, a German immigrant named Wilhelm Heller began crafting fine wooden boats. His reputation spread and business flourished. Heller's became the largest boatyard on Spa . . . — — Map (db m5734) HM
During the 1920s, the houses on this street belonged to African-American families. Most of the men living here worked on the water, launching often home-built boats from their back yards. They harvested oysters from September to April, and crabs in . . . — — Map (db m5650) HM
As you walk among these buildings, imagine wooden boats taking form. Picture men sweating in the hot sun as they plank a hull, caulk a seam or varnish a rail. Envision Navy officers in khaki uniforms boarding vessels for sea trials. From 1913 to . . . — — Map (db m170216) HM
Eastport's distinctive history, character and identity grew from maritime roots. The marinas that now serve pleasure boaters were once filled with wooden workboats. So crowded was the shoreline, it was said that an enterprising cat could flit from . . . — — Map (db m5890) HM
Since the 1700s there has been a road leading to Contee's Wharf. Deep water and the protection provided by Big Island made it a natural port. The river has served as a vital link between area residents and the outside world. The wharf was the center . . . — — Map (db m80858) HM
A Transportation Network
Ferries were a critical link in the colonial road system. The ferry crossing at London Town was part of a larger transportation network that extended from Virginia to New York, moving people and goods to market along . . . — — Map (db m22143) HM
Location, Location, Location
One of the mysteries that still surrounds the lost town of London is the William Brown House. Built between 1758 and 1764 overlooking the South River, William Brown intended it to serve as his dwelling and an . . . — — Map (db m22137) HM
[Panel 1:] The EA-3B Skywarrior was in service for more than three decades in the U.S. Navy’s secret reconnaissance war against the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact. Conceived at the dawn of th Cold War as an aircraft carrier-based nuclear . . . — — Map (db m17025) HM
In 1917, Captain George S. Patton, Jr., sailed to France to join the staff of General John J. Pershing.
In November of that year he was detailed to the Tank Corps and attended the course at the French Tank School. Patton participated in the . . . — — Map (db m19697) HM
In memory of the men who gave their lives on June 8, 1967 in support of our freedom and happiness while serving aboard the U.S.S. Liberty (AGTR-5).
LCDR P.M Armstrong, USN
LT J.C. Pierce, USN
LT S.S. Toth, USN
CTC M.D. Smith, USN
CTC . . . — — Map (db m19705) WM
One hundred years ago, Steamboat Landing was the hub of the community. The vessels that docked there linked Galesville to the world. Immigrants and vacationers arrived, while farm produce and seafood were shipped out to Baltimore and other ports. . . . — — Map (db m6203) HM
The members of the Galesville Heritage Society invite you to explore their historic village. First settled in 1654 on the banks of West River, Galesville and its history are fundamentally linked to the Chesapeake Bay. Native Americans, English . . . — — Map (db m6201) HM
Since Colonial times, the Galesville peninsula has been defined by the West River and the Chesapeake Bay. But 18,000 years ago, these waters did not exist! The Susquehanna River once flowed east of here. As glaciers melted, the sea level rose, . . . — — Map (db m6202) HM
Alice Wayson Hartge was the wife of Cap'n Oscar and the mother of eleven. When Oscar took over the boat yard in 1934, she became the bookkeeper, time keeper, and bill payer. Having the only phone in the area, any calls required her to blow a . . . — — Map (db m130030) HM
The Chesapeake Bay is one of the largest and one of the most productive estuaries in the world. Fresh water, supplied by over 150 rivers and streams, and salt water from the Atlantic Ocean combine to create the unique conditions and essential . . . — — Map (db m94345) HM
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