Inscriptions around monument
"I Shall Never Surrender or Retreat"
"God and Texas, Victory or Death"
"Thermopylae Had Her Messenger Of Defeat, The Alamo Had None"
1st Panel W.B. TravisAllen R. • Anderson • . . . — — Map (db m205701) WM
Henry Hirshfeld (1834-1911), a native of Germany, was a prominent Austin merchant and a leader in the city’s Jewish community. In 1873 he and his wife Jennie (Melasky) built a one-story limestone cottage on the lot west of this site. Because of . . . — — Map (db m25971) HM
Built between 1850 and 1875 for German immigrant Henry Hofheintz (1822-1880), this structure served as a grocery and dry goods store for nearly 100 years. Built later was the one-story addition, which was used as a saloon and a residence. . . . — — Map (db m166674) HM
Built in 1887, apparently as a hotel, for Tom Smith. Contractor was Austin Mayor Joseph Nalle. The “Hotel Provident” operated under various names until the 1920s. In conjunction with the hotel, the lower floor housed numerous . . . — — Map (db m25979) HM
Built in 1886, this house was originally located on 7th Street in the Robertson Hill area of East Austin. It was constructed for Hugh B. Hancock, a successful black businessman of the city. In 1904 it was sold to German native Charles Frederick . . . — — Map (db m25966) HM
Born in New Hampshire, Ira H. Evans grew up in Vermont. During the Civil War he served in the Union Army, attaining the rank of Major. He received the Congressional Medal of Honor and in 1865 was a member of the Honor Guard for the funeral of . . . — — Map (db m43652) HM
Norwegian immigrant John L. Buaas moved to Austin in 1839 and in 1872 was appointed city alderman by Reconstruction Governor E.J. Davis. In 1875 he built a mercantile store here. The two-story Italianate commercial structure was designed with two . . . — — Map (db m25781) HM
In the mid-1860s, shortly after the Civil War, Jacob Peter “Jake” Schneider (1852-1925) began working in William Brueggerhoff’s general mercantile store, and part-time as a legislative page in the Capitol. About 1870, he and his . . . — — Map (db m26498) HM
This Italian Renaissance Revival-style home was designed in 1920 by architect Edwin C. Kreisle for the family of prominent Austin merchant John William Scarbrough. Scarbrough and his wife, Cornelia (Rice), resided in the home until their deaths in . . . — — Map (db m205242) HM
Prominent Austin contractor George Fiegel completed this house in 1903 for Joseph Anthony (1867-1947) and Mary (Robinson)(d. 1934) Martin. A noted wild game conservationist, Joe Martin primarily is associated in Austin business history with the . . . — — Map (db m26126) HM
George Washington Littlefield (1842-1920) came to Texas from Mississippi in 1850. After serving in Terry’s Texas Rangers in the Civil War, he made his fortune ranching and driving cattle. He moved to Austin in 1883 and, in 1890, established the . . . — — Map (db m26041) HM
When M.M. Long and his family moved here from Bastrop in the 1860s, the first floor of this structure served as the livery stable for Long’s Austin to Burnet and Lampasas stage line. On the second floor Long ran an opera house which was used for . . . — — Map (db m26044) HM
African-American Texans have contributed to the state's culture, and have gained prominence in a host of fields. Despite the tremendous challenges posed by the institution of slavery, Jim Crow segregation and discrimination, African-Americans . . . — — Map (db m162965) HM
This plaza is dedicated in honor of Margaret Moser for her extraordinary contributions to Austin music and musicians. A respected music journalist for the Austin Chronicle and director of the Austin Music Awards, Moser served on the Austin Music . . . — — Map (db m150195) HM
In 1906, local architect Charles H. Page designed this house for Judge James Wooten McClendon and his wife, Annie (Watt), whose father donated the site as their wedding gift. McClendon was an attorney and judge, serving as Chief Justice of the . . . — — Map (db m168111) HM
World War II ushered in a new era for Tejanos and Mexican-Americans of other states. Tejanos were among the first American soldiers to volunteer and to be recruited to serve in combat. They fought bravely, earning a disproportionately high number of . . . — — Map (db m206060) HM
The four earliest monuments placed on the Capitol grounds flank the Great Walk. (1)The granite-and-bronze Alamo Monument, erected in 1891 by the State of Texas, replaced a smaller limestone monument that was destroyed when the 1852 Capitol burned in . . . — — Map (db m205595) HM
Local contractor Charles Funk built this house for John M. and Estelle Moore in 1887 at a cost of $2,000. At that time John M. Moore (1853-1902), a former Texas legislator and District Attorney, was Secretary of State for Governor Lawrence . . . — — Map (db m26158) HM
The initiator of Anglo-American settlement in Texas. Moses Austin was a native of Durham, Connecticut. After his marriage to Mary Brown in 1785, Austin became a leading figure in the development of the American lead industry. His business took him . . . — — Map (db m158896) HM
William Munro Johnson, hired in 1888 to plan the Capitol's landscaping, designed ornate iron fencing with a granite foundation to demarcate the perimeter of the grounds. The wrought- and cast-iron fencing, manufactured by Mast, Foos & Company of . . . — — Map (db m206094) HM
This building was once the tallest structure in Austin’s downtown area other than the State Capitol. Dwarfed by other structures by the late 20th century, the Norwood Tower remains unique in its design and elaborate detailing.
In 1925, Ollie O. . . . — — Map (db m25630) HM
Born in Greensboro, N.C., moved to Texas in 1882, and lived on a ranch near Cotulla. Came to Austin in 1884, and in addition to writing, worked as a pharmacist, musician, draftsman, and bank teller. His first nationally published short story . . . — — Map (db m88129) HM
Built during the period 1877-1881 as a federal courthouse and post office, this was the sixth United States Post Office location in Austin, dating from the establishment of the first post office in Austin in 1840. The building was constructed by . . . — — Map (db m25587) HM
Three double log houses built on this site in 1839 shortly after Austin was selected as the site for the capital of the Republic of Texas served as the offices for the War Department and the Adjutant General. Here Albert Sidney Johnston and Branch . . . — — Map (db m148992) HM
Purchased from State of Texas at auction in 1853, by Smith, a school proprietor. Structure, one of the better early homes in Austin, was probably built in the 1850’s.
Handmade hardware, doors, and other structural parts reveal fine workmanship. . . . — — Map (db m26539) HM
Built 1876 by Chas. Lundberg. Bread then was not sliced or wrapped; children and maids waited with baskets to take home loaves hot from the oven. House specialties were sponge cake ladyfingers, glazed kisses, almond-meal macaroons.
A front . . . — — Map (db m26046) HM
This structure was built in 1894 for Texas military, business, and civic leader Louis Openheimer (1858-1906). Designed and constructed by John McDonald, a prominent citizen who served as Austin’s Mayor from 1889 to 1895, the building was sold in . . . — — Map (db m26189) HM
The Rev. R.H. Taliaferro of Kentucky organized the First Baptist Church in July 1847. Worship services were first held in the Capitol and later moved to a frame building at 12th and Lavaca. The congregation met in the 700 block of Congress Avenue . . . — — Map (db m25648) HM
Established in 1840 by the Rev. John Haynie (1786-1860), the First Methodist Church was Austin’s second Protestant congregation. Services were held in temporary quarters until members erected their first meeting house in 1847 at this site, then . . . — — Map (db m25881) HM
The Rev. William M. Baker and five charter members organized the First Presbyterian Church of Austin on May 26, 1850. Abner H. Cook, future designer of the Governor's Mansion, was among the charter members and was elected a ruling elder. In 1851, . . . — — Map (db m141153) HM
Originally called the “Majestic”, this theatre was erected in 1915 by businessman Ernest Nalle (1876-1950). Designed by the Chicago architectural firm of Eberson, Fugard, and Knapp, it was constructed under the direction of local . . . — — Map (db m26203) HM
This is one of the oldest school buildings in Texas erected from public funds; on university block set aside for school purposes by Republic of Texas in 1839. This school was opened in 1876; it was named for Gov. Elisha M. Pease (1812-1883), a . . . — — Map (db m26209) HM
The Austin Graded School House was dedicated on Oct. 28, 1876. The building, on this site originally set aside for educational purposes by the Republic of Texas in 1839, was one of the first in Texas built entirely from public funds. The . . . — — Map (db m149750) HM
Radcliff Platt constructed the original portion of this building about 1871. He operated a livery stable here until 1890 and lived in one side of the structure for a number of years. In 1901 J.S. Simpson (1854-1934) purchased and enlarged the . . . — — Map (db m26337) HM
The end of Reconstruction proved an uncertain and violent time for African-Americans living in Texas. Riots and lynchings were common occurrences. By the early 20th century, Texas ranked third in the nation for lynching. Violence, however, did not . . . — — Map (db m162963) HM
Texas statesman Price Daniel (1910-1988) was born in Dayton, Texas, the son of M.P. and Nannie Partlow Daniel. His career in state and national politics spanned six decades and included service in all three branches of state government.
After . . . — — Map (db m25823) HM
Cornelius Randerson erected a one-story structure here in 1896 to house a grocery, feed, and wagon yard. John and Claus Lundell purchased the building in 1898 and in 1910 a second floor was added to board customers overnight. It remained in the . . . — — Map (db m25632) HM
After Emancipation Blacks in Texas, as in other southern states, became members of a society that was unwilling to accept them as equals. Despite
efforts to be included in the fabric of Texas society, violence by hostile groups, the lack of . . . — — Map (db m162932) HM
Pearl Harbor Survivors Association
Dedicated to the men and women from Texas in the military service of our country present on the island of Oahu Territory of Hawaii on that day of Infamy
December 7, 1941 — — Map (db m212392) WM
Built in 1876 for the family of Elizabeth and John Robinson, Sr., this two-and-one-half-story frame house is a fine example of the Second Empire style of architecture coupled with Italianate detailing. Located within the original 1839 Austin town . . . — — Map (db m26383) HM
Located in pioneer Austin at the edge of town on a site never used for a secular building. At first called “Church of the Epiphany.” Cornerstone laid on April 7, 1853, with impressive ceremonies for the capital city’s first stone church. Built of . . . — — Map (db m201988) HM
In 1851, the Catholics of Austin wrote to the Most Rev. John M. Odin (1801-1871), first Bishop of Texas. “This city is improving rapidly and our intentions are to build a church…if we can get a clergyman to stay among us.” Father . . . — — Map (db m26496) HM
Alabama native Emerson Monroe Scarbrough (1846-1925) came to Texas following service in the Civil War and settled in Milam County, where he was a successful merchant. He opened a branch of his business, Scarbrough and Hicks, on Congress Avenue in . . . — — Map (db m25731) HM
German immigrant August Scholz (1825-1891) opened Scholz’s Hall at this site in 1866. About the turn of the century, this building replaced the original hall. A German social club, the Austin Saengerrunde, purchased the property in 1908 and added . . . — — Map (db m26528) HM
Built 1871-72 as an opera house by Austin Turn Verein, a German social society. Used for gymnastics, feasting and dancing, it was a social center for years.
Purchased in 1912 for Ben Hur Shrine temple and remodeled, blending Southwest Mission . . . — — Map (db m25599) HM
Edward Mandell House (1858-1938), heir of a wealthy Houston businessman, moved to Austin in 1885 to be at the center of state politics, his primary interest. He managed the successful campaigns of four Texas Governors and became an important . . . — — Map (db m25980) HM
In 1852, noted Austin architect Abner Cook (1814-1884) built a home here for Dr. Samuel Garner Haynie (1806-1877), who was elected Mayor of Austin four times (1850, 1851, 1863, and 1864). Cook, who was also working on the 1852-1854 Texas State . . . — — Map (db m166625) HM
New York native John Bremond (1813-1866) built a dry goods store at this site as early as 1847. Soon, his dry goods department faced Pecan (Sixth) Street, and the grocery department faced Brazos Street. Active civically, he served as a member of . . . — — Map (db m25734) HM
Built in 1875 in term of County Judge James W. Smith. Former state officials on committees for site and building included Governor E.M. Pease, Secretary of State C.S. West, Attorney General N.G. Shelley, Treasurer James H. Raymond and Legislator . . . — — Map (db m26690) HM
Worship services started in 1889 by Swedish immigrants led to founding of Swedish Evangelical Free Church in Decker community (10 mi. E) in July 1892. A similar Swedish congregation originated in April 1904 at Elroy (20 mi. SE). In 1923 the two . . . — — Map (db m26611) HM
Built, 1882-1883, to replace the previous Capitol, which had burned in 1881. Until the building was completed, the orphaned Texas government conducted business in the county courthouse and jail across Congress avenue.
The three-story brick . . . — — Map (db m201827) HM
Austin Methodists organized in 1840 and began in 1847 worshiping at Congress and 4th Street. This site was purchased in 1853 and a building begun under the Rev. John W. Phillips (1821-1891). In 1883, the Rev. A.E. Goodwyn (1818-1902) led in the . . . — — Map (db m25735) HM
Originally named Pecan Street on Edwin Waller’s 1839 plan for Austin, Sixth Street served as a farm to market road entering the city from the east. Bringing together a diverse ethnic population, it became a center for Austin’s 19th century . . . — — Map (db m26537) HM
During the Mexican national era, enslaved people of African descent were brought to Texas by the Anglo-American settlers introduced into Texas by Stephen F. Austin and other empresarios, land agents authorized by the Mexican government to help . . . — — Map (db m162919) HM
Between 1836 and 1860, the slave population in Texas grew from 5,000 to 182,566. The greatest increase in the number of slaves brought to Texas occurred from 1850 to 1865.
Among the expanding slave population were children who were purchased . . . — — Map (db m162921) HM
Southern Confederacy Formed by following states withdrawing from the Union South Carolina December Twentieth Eighteen Hundred and Sixty
Upper 2nd Panel
Mississippi January Ninth
Florida January Eleventh . . . — — Map (db m96260) WM
Veteran Travis County official and historian Frank Brown (1833-1913) erected this structure in 1886. Southwestern Telegraph & Telephone Company bought and restyled the building in 1898. Architect A.O. Watson designed the ornate façade. Previously . . . — — Map (db m26544) HM
Tejanos are descended from the Spanish explorers and colonizers who settled Texas. They eventually took the name Tejano from the Spanish word Tejas, used by native American Indians who originally inhabited Texas. As early as 1519 Spaniards visited . . . — — Map (db m206070) HM
The Sparks House was built in 1927 for former state treasurer Sam Sparks and his wife, Bertha May "Polly" Jones Mulkey Sparks. Austin-based firm Page Brothers, architects of many homes, schools and the 1930 Travis County Courthouse, designed this . . . — — Map (db m205244) HM
This property, once situated just outside Capitol Square at 106 East Peach Street (Later 13th), was the original location of the German Evangelical Lutheran Church (“Die Deutsche Evangelish Lutherische Kirche”). Pastor Henry Merz . . . — — Map (db m25590) HM
On July 15, 1882, a volunteer organization of Texas attorneys known as the Texas Bar Association was established in Galveston, with Judge Thomas J. Devine as the first president. The forerunner of the State Bar of Texas, the group met annually to . . . — — Map (db m26574) HM
With the faith and courage of their forefathers who made
possible the freedom of these United States
The Boy Scouts of America
dedicate this copy of the
Statue of Liberty as a pledge of everlasting fidelity and
loyalty The Crusade . . . — — Map (db m125078) HM
To meet the needs of the growing Austin community, T.B. Baker, President of Baker Hotels, opened a hotel in 1924 at this site, previously occupied by the Keystona Hotel. Baker’s new facility, initially to be called “The Texas,” was . . . — — Map (db m25733) HM
Susanna Dickinson-Hannig was a true "frontier woman."
Born, raised, and married in Tennessee, Susanna immigrated to Mexican Texas in 1832. Four years later, she survived the Battle of the Alamo with her infant daughter. Her husband died . . . — — Map (db m154075) HM
Organized in 1873 by the Rev. Carl Charnquist, the Swedish Methodist Church built a sanctuary at Red River and 15th street. Led by the Rev. O.E. Olander, the congregation moved to this site in 1898 and occupied buildings of disbanded Central . . . — — Map (db m26609) HM
Swante Palm (1815-1899), Vice Consul for Sweden and Norway from 1866 until his death, built a small house on Ash Street (now 9th Street) in the 1850s. It was a repository for Palm’s extensive book collection and served as the Swedish Consulate, . . . — — Map (db m25671) HM
After 1848, when all of Texas became part of the United States, most Tejanos adjusted to the new American laws and to the new economy. At times, change came too fast for Tejanos resulting in injustice and violence, and many experienced the loss of . . . — — Map (db m206061) HM
As citizens of the Republic of Texas, Tejanos kept their language, culture, and traditions alive with a fierce determination despite many difficulties as Texans of Mexican heritage. The Republic of Texas had set the Rio Grande as its southern . . . — — Map (db m206064) HM
Tejanos developed their unique identity, and sought to control their own destiny in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Following Father Hidalgo's call for rebellion against bad government on September 16, 1810, many Tejanos rallied . . . — — Map (db m206067) HM
“There is no danger of a surprise when the Rangers are between us and the enemy.” General Braxton Bragg “The Terry Rangers have done all that could be expected or required of soldiers.” Jefferson Davis — — Map (db m96265) WM
In commemoration of the valor of the Eighth Texas Cavalry better known as “Terry’s Texas Rangers” Provisional Army of the Confederate States 1861-1865. — — Map (db m96263) WM
The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 caused unrest and drastic action all over the South and in many Texas counties. Despite petitions, editorials and political pressure, Gov. Sam Houston refused to call a special legislative session to . . . — — Map (db m25728) HM
The only new agency created by the legislature to deal with wartime emergencies. Original members were the Governor, Comptroller and Treasurer. The last two in 1864 were replaced by appointees of the Governor.
Purpose was to establish industry . . . — — Map (db m150033) HM
Early 20th century Texas farmers demanded all-weather access to markets just as automobiles revolutionized transportation for all travelers. Good roads promoters envisioned a central state agency to organize safe, consistent routes. In 1916 the . . . — — Map (db m25717) HM
Austin became the capital of Texas Jan. 19, 1840, and
this hill was platted as Capitol Square. A modest
statehouse built here in the 1850s soon developed
structural flaws. The Constitutional Convention of
1876 set aside about 3,000,000 acres . . . — — Map (db m241007) HM
Austin became the capital of Texas on January 19, 1840, and this hill was platted as Capitol Square. A limestone statehouse built here in the 1850's soon developed structural flaws. The Constitutional Convention of 1876 set aside 3,000,000 acres . . . — — Map (db m241008) HM
★ U. S. A. ★
Veterans of World War I
In memory of
Veterans of
World War I
1917 — 1918
Department of Texas
God ★ Country ★ Peace — — Map (db m194813) WM
This Memorial honors the 830,000 Texans who served in the Armed Forces of the United States during World War II, the more than 22,000 who gave their lives and the millions who supported the war effort from home. The Memorial honors the spirit, . . . — — Map (db m194811) WM
The State of Texas has thrived economically. Early history indicates that the development of the cotton industry, initially dependent on slave labor, as well as the cattle market and the discovery of abundant supplies of oil contributed to . . . — — Map (db m163016) HM
In 1839 Austin became the capital of the Republic of Texas. The National Archives – state papers and land titles – were housed on Congress Avenue. In 1842, after Mexican armies seized San Antonio and seemed likely to capture Austin, . . . — — Map (db m100623) HM
In the 1850s Dr. George T. Boardman (d.1884) came to Austin to practice dentistry. He developed a new process to fill teeth and helped incorporate the American Dental College. He bought this property in 1855 from early Austin merchant John . . . — — Map (db m25778) HM
To our forefathers, those stalwart pioneers who blazed a trail through a wilderness in ox carts and covered wagons, to till the soil, develop our great cattle industry and our oil and mineral resources; To the builders of our great cities, and to . . . — — Map (db m181907) HM
The promenade leading from Congress Avenue to the Capitol’s south entrance is called the Great Walk. Completed in 1889, the Great Walk was considered one of the most significant features of the Capitol grounds, formalizing a connection with . . . — — Map (db m96239) HM
This library and archives opened in 1961 to house and protect Texas’ priceless historical treasures and to support and improve library services in the state. Noted Texas authors, including James Michener, Walter Prescott Webb, and Jack . . . — — Map (db m112212) HM
This memorial is dedicated to Texas military members and their families who answered their country's call after September 11, 2001 They know all too well The Price of Liberty Reverse Side
House Concurrent Resolution 70 Granted . . . — — Map (db m206082) WM
Honoring the men and women of Texas who served with courage, and dignity in the Armed Forces of the United States of America during the Vietnam War. Entombed herein are the names of 3,417 Texans who gave their lives so that others might be free. . . . — — Map (db m206091) WM
Legal efforts to enfranchise women in Texas can be traced to 1868, when Rep. T.H. Mundine of Burleson introduced a Woman Suffrage Bill in the State Legislature. In the following five decades Texas women formed suffrage organizations to lobby for . . . — — Map (db m25684) HM
Courthouse built here in 1930, 91st year of Travis County, which in early Texas was in municipality of Mina (later Bastrop) or Travis District, named for Wm. B. Travis, commander at the Alamo. Site of present-day Austin was chosen in 1839 (4th . . . — — Map (db m26691) HM
The Tyler rose developed from a “native” rose planted by Cherokee Indians to mark tribal trails in the early 1800’s. The rose developed a hardy root system now grafted to create classic hybrids.
These roses are shipped by Tyler nurserymen all . . . — — Map (db m26694) HM
Charles Klein bought house from F. Huster, 1868. Leased it to German-American Ladies College (1873-90). Texas German and English Academy (1880-81) and deeded it, 1882, to daughter, Caroline (1834-19), widow of John Wahrenberger (1812-64). Early . . . — — Map (db m25698) HM
Superintendent of Buildings and Grounds Charles Gilbert installed a drinking fountain at this site in the early 1900s. While excavating for a sidewalk near the 1889 artesian well and first drinking fountain, he found a second artesian well which . . . — — Map (db m206102) HM
Tradition says architect Abner Cook built this house for Reuben and Mary Runner, about 1855. Some later owners were F.W. Chandler and H.E. Shelley, lawyers, 1863-1909; the May Thompson family, 1917-69. Originally the house faced east, pre-empting . . . — — Map (db m26764) HM
Built as servants’ quarters about 1872, this “Shotgun” house stood at 604 San Antonio near the home of Charles S. West (1829-1885), lawyer and Texas Supreme Court Justice. In 1885 banker Eugene Bremond (1832-1910) acquired it. Emma . . . — — Map (db m25674) HM
In 1962, the internationally-acclaimed architect Edward Durell Stone (1902-1978) of New York City and local firm Fehr & Granger designed the Westgate Tower, named for its location adjoining the west edge of the Texas State Capitol grounds. . . . — — Map (db m181841) HM
This area was designated as a public square on original 1839 plat of City of Austin, but lay vacant for 70 years. In an era of civic pride, the park was developed and opened on June 18, 1909, with dedicatory address being made by the Honorable . . . — — Map (db m26772) HM
Edwin Waller designed the Republic of Texas' new capital city of Austin in 1839. Waller's plan included a 196-block grid (14 by 14) bisected by a broad north-south thoroughfare, Congress Avenue, running up from the Colorado River to Capitol Square. . . . — — Map (db m223798) HM
