Death Valley National Park in Inyo County, California — The American West (Pacific Coastal)

Old Harmony Borax Works

Photographed by Craig Baker, October 30, 2020

1. Old Harmony Borax Works Marker

Inscription. On the marsh near this point borax was discovered in 1881 by Aaron Winters who later sold his holdings to W. T. Coleman of San Francisco. In 1882 Coleman built the Harmony Borax Works and commissioned his superintendent J. W. S. Perry to design wagons and locate a suitable route to Mojave. The work of gathering the ore (called cottonball) was done by Chinese workmen. From this point processed borax was transported 165 miles by Twenty Mule Team to the railroad until 1889.

Erected 1962 by California State Park Commission; Death Valley 49ers Inc.; and National Park Service. (Marker Number 773.)

Topics and series. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Industry & Commerce • Natural Resources • Notable Places. In addition, it is included in the California Historical Landmarks series list. A significant historical year for this entry is 1881.

Location. 36° 28.797′ N, 116° 52.184′ W. Marker is in Death Valley National Park, California, in Inyo County. It is at the intersection of California Route 190 and Borax Mill Road, on the left when traveling north on California Route 190. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Death Valley CA 92328, United States of America. Touch for directions.

Regionally, this marker is in California’s Sierra Nevada.

It is also in the American Mountain West.

Globally, it is in North America,

on the Ring of Fire,

in the Pacific Rim,

in the Western Hemisphere,

in the Western World,

and in the Anglosphere.

Historically, it finds itself in what was once New Spain

and also Mexico’s Alta California.

Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within 2 miles of this marker, measured as the

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crow flies: White Gold (approx. 0.3 miles away); Twenty Mule Teams (approx. 0.3 miles away); Borax (approx. 0.3 miles away); Stephen Tyng Mather (approx. 1.3 miles away); Old Dinah (approx. 1.6 miles away); Vietnam Veterans Memorial (approx. 1.6 miles away); 20 Mule Team Wagon Train (approx. 1.6 miles away); Furnace Creek Ranch, Death Valley (approx. 1.6 miles away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Death Valley National Park.

Regarding Old Harmony Borax Works. This site was designated California Historical Landmark No. 773 on August 16, 1962.

Related markers. Click here for a list of markers that are related to this marker. — 20 Mule Team routes.

Also see . . . Death Valley History. - Harmony Borax Works (Submitted on June 15, 2010, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina.)

Additional commentary.
1. Borax
Borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important boron compound, a mineral, and a salt of boric acid. It is usually a white powder consisting of soft colorless crystals that dissolve easily in water.
Borax has a wide variety of uses. It is a component of many detergents, cosmetics, and enamel glazes. It is also used to make

Photographed by Craig Baker, October 30, 2020

2. Old Harmony Borax Works Marker

buffer solutions in biochemistry, as a fire retardant, as an anti-fungal compound for fiberglass, as an insecticide, as a flux in metallurgy, a texturing agent in cooking, and as a precursor for other boron compounds.

— Submitted June 16, 2010, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina.

Old Harmony Borax Works image. Click for full size.

Photographed by Craig Baker, October 29, 2020

3. Old Harmony Borax Works

and Twenty Mule Team Wagons

Original 20 Mule Team Wagons image. Click for full size.

Photographed by Mike Stroud, June 12, 2010

4. Original 20 Mule Team Wagons

Photographed by Mike Stroud, June 12, 2010

5. Old Harmony Borax Works

Adobe Building image. Click for full size.

Photographed by Craig Baker, October 29, 2020

6. Adobe Building

Vintage Postcard - Old Harmony Borax Mill-Death Valley, California image. Click for full size.

7. Vintage Postcard - Old Harmony Borax Mill-Death Valley, California

The ruins of the old mill, a few miles north of the Furnace Creek Ranch, which was in operation from 1883 to 1987. A 20 mule-team could haul 46,000 pounds of borax and its own water and hay on the arduous ten day, 165 mile trip to Mojave via Wingate Pass. Truly one of the great legends of the West

Credits. This page was last revised on August 11, 2024. It was originally submitted on June 15, 2010, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina. This page has been viewed 2,136 times since then and 49 times this year. Last updated on October 30, 2020, by Craig Baker of Sylmar, California. Photos: 1, 2, 3. submitted on October 30, 2020, by Craig Baker of Sylmar, California. 4, 5. submitted on June 15, 2010, by Mike Stroud of Bluffton, South Carolina. 6. submitted on November 6, 2020, by Craig Baker of Sylmar, California. 7. submitted on September 29, 2008, by Syd Whittle of Mesa, Arizona. • Syd Whittle was the editor who published this page.