The Anthracite Coal Fields
The anthracite deposits near Scranton were formed 345 to 280 million years ago from ancient swamps. Time and pressure of overlying rock transformed decaying plants into hard carbon known as coal.
Coal formed in layers or veins. The Clark Vein in the Lackawanna Mine is particularly rich because of an unusually heavy deposit of organic matter that settled and decayed here.
Inside the Lackawanna Mine, holes were drilled in the anthracite to hold explosive charges. Coal and rocks were then blasted loose, loaded into cars, and transported from underground to the tipple on the surface. Here, coal and rock were dropped through a chute into train cars and carried to an off-site colliery for cleaning and separation.
[Photo captions, counterclockwise from top left, read]
Anthracite, or hard coal (shown in dot [dark] pattern), lies under 484 square miles of Northeastern Pennsylvania. Comprised of almost pure carbon, it is used mainly as domestic fuel.
Bituminous, or soft coal (shown in solid color), is used in industries. Pennsylvania ranks first in the nation for producing anthracite coal. In the 1940s this state's underground deposits were estimated to ber 15 billion tons.
This cross-section of the Lackawanna Valley coal basin (as found under the town of Olyphant, 7 miles north of Scranton) shows the positions of the individual veins. The coal veins directly beneath here follow this same pattern. The Lackawanna Coal Mine Tour is located on the western edge of the valley basin. The tour extends through the Clark, Dunmore #1 and Dunmore #2 coal veins.
Although you are standing on top of miles of abandoned coal mine workings, your tour takes you through only those sections of the mines which have been safely restored.
The illustration to the right depicts the relationship of The Lackawanna Coal Mine underground tour to the objects and buildings on the surface. The adventure begins when you board the mine car on the stairs to your left. [Y]our travel beneath the earth extends beyond the main park road and office which you passed as you arrived in McDade Park, and curves back underneath the ventilation fan to your right.
Erected by Lackawanna
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Topics. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Education • Industry & Commerce • Parks & Recreational Areas.
Location. 41° 25.03′ N, 75° 42.928′ W. Marker is in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in Lackawanna County. It can be reached from Bald Mountain Road. Marker is on the deck adjacent to the Lackawanna Coal Mine Tour Hoist House, near the mine tour loading area in McDade Park. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 1 Bald Mountain Road, Scranton PA 18504, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Regionally, this marker is in Pennsylvania’s Wyoming Valley. It is also in the American Northeast, in the Mid-Atlantic, in Appalachia, and specifically in Northern Appalachia. Globally, it is in North America, the Western Hemisphere, the Western World, and the Anglosphere. Historically, it finds itself in what was once the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy and also one of the original Thirteen Colonies.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker: The Heritage of the Anthracite American
Also see . . .
1. History of the Pennsylvania Anthracite Region. (Submitted on March 17, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Reynoldsburg, Ohio.)
2. About the Anthracite Coal Mining Region of Northeastern Pennsylvania. (Submitted on March 17, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Reynoldsburg, Ohio.)
3. Lackawanna Coal Mine. (Submitted on March 17, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Reynoldsburg, Ohio.)
Credits. This page was last revised on March 17, 2020. It was originally submitted on March 17, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Reynoldsburg, Ohio. This page has been viewed 1,048 times since then and 98 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3. submitted on March 17, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Reynoldsburg, Ohio.
