Highlights in the History of the United States, Cuba, Key West and Havana

Highlights in the History of the United States, Cuba, Key West and Havana. Elementos en las Historica de las Estados Unidos, Cuba, Cayo Hueso y La Habana. , Cayo Hueso y Habana , Spanish/Cuban Key West , The Spanish Cayo Hueso literally translates to Bone Island, the first name of the island we now know as Key West. It was given by the Spaniards who discovered scattered human bones along our shore, remnants of an ancient Indian battle. The English speaking people hearing Cayo Hueso mistook it to mean Key West., This historic brick warehouse, fronting on Key West's busy harbor, was built by William H. Wall in 1879.It is now home to Cayo Hueso y Habana, a celebration of a unique, remote island culture greatly affected by its Spanish speaking people., While shipwrecks and their salvage brought the first permanent settlers to the island, those of Spanish heritage from Cuba, only 90 miles away, played an immediate and major part of our early history. In the 1860s and 70s the migration of cigar factory owners and their workers from Cuba made an indelible mark on the island that soon became Cigar City USA., Since the 1860's the politics, language, architecture and the atmosphere of Key West has been markedly mixed. At times and especially at the turn of the century, Key West was perhaps more Cuban in its persuasion than anything else. In the centennial year of 1876 Key West had a Cuban born mayor. To ensure that the memory of our Spanish roots does not fade, Cayo Hueso y Habana proudly showcases the influence of the people of Spanish/Cuban heritage., We welcome you and invite you to enjoy the music shop in our bodega, watch cigars being hand-rolled, taste our savory Cuban food and discover an adventure in a Key West you might have missed. , , , , , . 1492 , Christopher Columbus discovers Cuba and America, 1513 , Juan Ponce de León discovers the Florida Keys, Dry Tortugas and La Florida., 1515 , "Villa de San Cristobal de la Habana" (City of Havana) founded., 1565 , City of St. Augustine founded by Spain. , , , , , . 1607 , Pilgrims from England land at Jamestown, Virginia., 1776 , Declaration of Independence by the USA. (President George Washington elected in 1789) , , , , , . 1815 , Don Juan de Estradá, Spanish Governor of Florida grants island of Cayo Hueso to Juan Pablo Salas., 1819 , Spain cedes Territory of Florida to the USA., 1822 , Juan Salas sells island to John Simonton for $2,000., Key West becomes U.S. Navy Base and Depot. , , , , , . 1828 , Key West incorporated as a city., 1831 , Englishman William H. Wall opens first Key West cigar factory using Cuban workers., 1840 , Population 688, 1845 , Florida becomes the 27th state in the USA. , , , , , . 1861-1865 , American Civil War. President Abraham Lincoln assassinated., Key West occupied by Federal Troops. Many southern sympathizers stay on island., 1866 , Telegraph line laid by International Ocean Telegraph Company linking Key West to Havana. , , , , , . 1867 , German émigré Samuel Seidenberg pioneers first major clear Havana leaf factory in Key West., 1868-78 , 10 Years War "El Grito de Yara" in Cuba lead by Carlos Manuel de Céspedes (against new spanish conscription laws), The first of over 15,000 refugees and insurrectionists fleeing Spanish rule in Cuba arrive in Key West. , , , , , . 1869 Wealthy Cuban emigré Don Vincente Martinez Ybor opens cigar factory at Key West., 1870 , El Republicano first Spanish language newspaper published in Key West by Juan M. Reyes., 1871 , First hall of San Carlos Institute Patriotico y Docente founded by Cuban exiles is dedicated. Named for Carlos Manuel de Céspedes. , , , , , . 1874 , Edwardo H. Gato opens second major cigar factory in Key West, Cooperative Union of Cigarmakes formed at Key West., 1876 , 100th anniversary of American Independence from Great Britain, July 4th. , Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Jr. elected mayor of Key West. Born in Cuba., 1885 , Devastating strike forces Vincente Ybor and others to relocate some cigar business to Tampa, Florida. , , , , , . 1886 , Catastrophic fire destroys San Carlos Institute, Ybor's factory and ten others., 1890 , In spite of setbacks, Key West is the Cigar Capital of the USA. Over 100 million cigars rolled annually., 1891/92 , Revolutionary José Marti, "El Apóstol" arrives here, unites the Cuban emigres and formally proclaims the manifesto of the Cuban Revolutionary Party. , , , , , . 1895 , Cuban Liberator and Pariot José Marti killed in action in Battle of Dos Rios in Cuba., 1898 , Battleship USS Maine explodes in Havana Harbor triggering Spanish - American War., Col. Teddy Roosevelt and his "Rough Riders" win Battle of San Juan Hill at Santiago de Cuba. War over in just four months. , , , , , . 1900 , At end of 400 years of Spanish rule in Cuba manyémigrés return to their homeland., Sociedad Cuban(Cuban Club) founded by new immigrants from Cuba., 1902 , Don Tomas Estradá Palma appointed President of the new Republic of Cuba by the U.S. Government., 1910 , Population 19,945 , , , , , . 1911 , 100 million cigars produced for the second time but forces for the decline of industry in Key West are in motion., 1912 , Henry Flagler's Oversea Railroad to Key West opens, bringing thousands en route to Cuba., 1913 , Aviators Augustine Parlá and Domingo Rosillo make first over-water flights from Key West to Cuba. , , , , , . 1917 , USA engaged inWorld War I in Europe., Sociedad Cuban incorporated. Cuban Club building constructed, Key West., 1919 , Compaña Cubana-Americana de Aviacion makes first commercial flight between Key West and Cuba. , , , , , . 1920 , Aeromarine Airways begins regular passenger service between Key West and Havana., Prohibition (of the manufacture, sale and use of alcoholic beverages) promotes smuggling. "Rum Running between Key West and Havana thrives., 1924 , A new and magnificentSan Carlos Institute, designed by Cuban architect Francisco Centurion y Maceo is built by Cuban government on Key West's Duval Street. , , , , , . 1928 , Pan American Airways begins scheduled service between , Key West and Havana., 1929-36 , Great Depression in America. Key West saved from bankruptcy and ruin byFERA and WPA assistance. (President Herbert Hoover), 1930 , Population 12,831, Competition from machine made cigars, the new cigarette market, other cigar making centers, and the Depression lead to a rapid decline in employment., Only small cigar factories called "Buckeyes" remain., 1935 , Terrible Labor Day hurricane destroys Oversea Railroad at Matacumbe Key. Over 400 killed. , , , , , . 1938 , Overseas Highway, Key West to mainland Florida completed., 1941-1945 , US engaged in World War II in Europe and the Pacific. (Presidents Franklin Roosevelt, Harry Truman), 1954 , Car Ferry between Key West and Havana established. , , , , , . 1959 , Democratic Cuba falls to communist rule., All flights Key West to Cuba cease., 1961 , U.S. participates in Bay of Pigs invasion in Cuba. (President John F. Kennedy ) , , , , , . 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. Key West prepares for possible invasion by Cuban military., 1963 , President John F. Kennedy assassinated in Dallas, TX., 1965 , The first boat lift of refugees from Cuba at Camarioca brings 165,000 Cubans to US Soil. (President Lydon Johnson) , , , , , . 1977-78 , Sociedad Cuba dissolved. Historic Cuban Club building sold, restored and operated as Spanish Restaurant., Much needed restoration begins on San Carlos Institute to preserve island's Cuban heritage., 1980 , Second boatlift of Cubans fleeing their homeland from Mariel, Cuba. Over 125,000 land at Key West. (President Jimmy Carter) , , , , , . 1983 , Cuban Club destroyed by fire. Original columns and turrets saved., 1989 , Cuban Club rebuilt. Used as guest house, galleries and shops., 1992 , Historic San Carlos Institute restoration completed. Used as museum, school, theater and music hall. , , , , , . 1994 , Tugboat.El 13 de Marzo, sunk by Cuban Coast Guard outside Havana Harbor en route to Key West. 35 women and children drown and remain under the sea., 1995 , Cubans from Key West and Miami begin annual "Democracia Flotillas" from Key West to the site of El 13 de Marzo to honor the victims with flowers and prayers., 1997 Cayo Hueso y Habana opens to celebrate Key West's Cuban Heritage…, (captions) , Business District of Key West, 1838 , Cigar Rollers , John Simonton , "Buckeye" Factors , E.H. Gato Cigar Factory , E.H. Gato , Cuban Refugees , Carlos Manuel de Céspedes , The Havana America Cigar Factory , José Marti , First San Carlos , USS Maine , Augustine Parla , First Train Key West , New San Carlos Institute , Rum Runners , Hurricanes destroys Key West extension , Car Ferry , President Kennedy inspects missiles, Key West , Cuban Club Rebuilt , Mariel Boat Lift , Gato Factory Building on Simonton Street , Cayo Hueso Y Habana