1937

1937. Holocaust Monument. , On March 21, Pope Pius XI issued "Mit Brennender Sorge" ("with burning concern"), an encyclical read from Catholic pulpits throughout Germany attacking racism. , In mid-May, the Gestapo ordered the Jehovah's Witnesses, their supporters and other "anti-socials", including gypsies, beggars, vagrants, pimps, those with criminal records, and those who were "not prepared to fit into the national community", to be taken immediately into protective custody at concentration camps. Imprisonment of these groups followed the incarceration of political prisoners and homosexuals. , In response to the emergence of the Berlin-Rome "Axis", President Franklin Roosevelt on October 5 condemned "unnamed aggressors", warning that if left unchecked, they might attack the "Western Hemisphere" in the future. A policy of isolation and neutrality alone would no longer be sufficient to guarantee the security of the United States. On November 5, Hitler unveiled his political and military strategy for war to his top military leadership. Only through force would Germany gain adequate living space ("lebensraum") essential to safeguard its racial and national supremacy. Austria and western Czechoslovakia would provide some space; "Russia and her vassal border states" would provide the rest. , "Aryanization" increased substantially. Tens of thousands of Jewish civil servants, professionals, and others were barred from working in the German economy.