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Eschach in Füssen in Ostallgäu, Bavaria, Germany — Central Europe
 

Hohes Schloß zu Füssen • der Fallturm
⎯⎯⎯
High Castle at Füssen • The Drop Tower

 
 
Hohes Schloß zu Füssen • der Fallturm / High Castle at Füssen • The Drop Tower Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 24, 2024
1. Hohes Schloß zu Füssen • der Fallturm / High Castle at Füssen • The Drop Tower Marker
Inscription.  German:
Der Großausbau der älteren Burg unter dem Augsburger Bischof Friedrich von Zollern zu einem repräsentativen Burgschloss 1486-1503 umfasste auch die Verstärkung der Verteidigungsfähigkeit. Zur besseren Bewehrung des Zuganges und inneren Torturmes entstand damals auch der Fallturm.

Dabei handelt es sich um einen halbrunden Turm, der an das Südostende der älteren Ringmauer angebaut wurde und dessen Schießscharten für die Verwendung von Hakenbüchsen (schweren Handgewehren) eingerichtet waren. Zugleich erhöhte man damals die alte Ringmauer und setzte ihr einen Wehrgang auf, dessen Holzelemente 1808 abgebrochen wurden. Der Fallturm besaß hofseitig einen Hocheingang. Sein überwölbter hoher Sockel soll als Verlies gedient haben, das durch eine Luke einem sog. Angstloch im Boden des Eingangsgeschosses erreicht wurde. Tatsächlich verweist der Name „Fallturm" (mhd. val = Tod, Strafe) auf ein Gefängnis: „Falltürme" oder „Faultürme" gibt es an zahlreichen Stadtbefestigungen des Spätmittelalters. Während Verliese auf hochmittelalterlichen Burgen äußerst selten nachzuweisen sind, finden sie sich ab dem 15. Jh. und v.a. während der Inquisition im 16./17. Jh. sehr häufig in Türmen. Als man 1903 den heutigen ebenerdigen Zugang durch den Turmsockel brach, stieß man angeblich auf „20 menschliche Arm- und Beinknochen".

Der Fallturm schloss ursprünglich mit einem steilen Spitzhelm ab (siehe Abb. Hamer), in den 1714 ein Blitz einschlug. Neben dem Fallturm brannten damals zwei angrenzende Stadel sowie die Pfisterei nieder. Danach erhielt er zuerst einen Zinnenkranz, dann 1840 ein Innenpultdach.

Die exakte Baugeschichte dieses komplett unter Putz liegenden Turmes, der mehrfach so z.B. im Jahr 1913 umgestaltet wurde, ließe sich nur durch eine intensive Bauforschung klären. Unrichtig ist sicherlich, dass der Fallturm zu den ältesten Baulichkeiten des Schlosses gehört.

Vom Fallturm haben Sie einen herrlichen Blick auf die Dachlandschaft der mittelalterlichen Altstadt und eine großartige Fernsicht. Der Fallturm ist in der Sommersaison während der Öffnungszeiten der Staatsgalerie und der Städtischen Gemäldegalerie - die sich im gegenüberliegenden Nordflügel des Hohen Schlosses befinden - geöffnet.

Bildunterschriften
Burgenromantik (oben links) Die Lithografie von Domenico Quaglio von 1817 zeigt die Szene „Ausritt aus dem Innenhof des Hohen Schlosses zur Falkenjagd". Die Gebäudeteile sind historisierend und stark überhöht dargestellt.

Fallturm mit Zinnenbekrönung (oben rechts) Detail aus einer Lithografie von Carl August Lebschée nach einer Zeichnung von Domenico Quaglio ven 1842.

Älteste Ansicht des Hohen Schlosses (unten rechts) Der Fallturm trägt noch einen steilen Spitzhelm. Detail aus dem Holzschnitt von Steffan Hamer von 1546 der Fallturm ist rot markiert.


English Translation:
The major expansion of the older castle under the Augsburg bishop Friedrich von Zollern into a representative castle palace between 1486 and 1503 also included strengthening its defensive capabilities. The drop tower was also built at that time to better fortify the entrance and inner gate tower.

This is a semi-circular tower that was added to the southeast end of the older ring wall and whose loopholes were designed for the use of arquebuses (heavy hand guns). At the same time, the old ring wall was raised and a battlement was added to it, the wooden elements of which were demolished in 1808. The drop tower had a high entrance on the courtyard side. Its vaulted high base is said to have served as a dungeon, which was reached through a hatch in a so-called fear hole in the floor of the entrance floor. In fact, the name "drop tower" (Middle High German val = death, punishment) refers to a prison: "drop towers" or "foul towers" can be found on numerous city fortifications of the late Middle Ages. While dungeons are extremely rare in high medieval castles, they are very common in towers from the 15th century and especially during the Inquisition in the 16th/17th century. When the current ground-level access was broken through the tower base in 1903, "20 human arm and leg bones" were allegedly found.

The drop tower originally had a steep pointed helmet (see Fig. Hamer), which was struck by lightning in 1714. In addition to the drop tower, two adjacent barns and the Pfisterei burned down at that time. It was then given a crenellated crown, then an interior pent roof in 1840.

The exact construction history of this tower, which is completely covered in plaster and has been redesigned several times, for example in 1913, can only be clarified through intensive building research. It is certainly incorrect to say that the drop tower is one of the oldest buildings in the castle.

From the drop tower you have a wonderful view of the roof landscape of the medieval old town and a great view into the distance. The drop tower is open in the summer season during the opening hours of the State Gallery and the Municipal Picture Gallery - which are located in the opposite north wing of the High Castle.

Captions
Castle Romanticism (top left) The lithograph by Domenico Quaglio from 1817 shows the scene "Ride out of the courtyard of the High Castle to go falconry". The parts of the building are depicted in a historicizing and highly exaggerated manner.

Drop tower with battlement crowning (top right) Detail from a lithograph by Carl August Lebschée after a drawing by Domenico Quaglio from 1842.

Oldest view of the High Castle (bottom right) The drop tower still has a steep pointed helmet. Detail from the woodcut by Steffan Hamer from 1546 the drop tower is marked in red.

 
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This historical marker is listed in this topic list: Forts and Castles. A significant historical year for this entry is 1486.
 
Location. 47° 34.033′ N, 10° 41.928′ E. Marker is in Füssen, Bayern (Bavaria), in Ostallgäu. It is in Eschach. It is on Ritterstraße just north of Magnuspl. The marker is located along the inside courtyard by the tower. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Füssen BY 87629, Germany. Touch for directions.

Regionally, it is in Europe, the European Union, Atlantic Europe, Central Europe, the Schengen Area, Western Europe, and the Western World. Historically, it finds itself in what was once the Roman Empire and specifically also the Holy Roman Empire.

Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker: Hohes Schloss zu Füssen / High Castle at Füssen (within shouting distance of this marker); a different marker also named Hohes Schloss zu Füssen / High Castle at Füssen (within shouting distance of this marker); Hohes Schloß zu Füssen • Innenhof / High Castle at Füssen • Inner Courtyard (within shouting distance of this marker); Sympert Niggel (within shouting
The view of the Drop Tower and Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 24, 2024
2. The view of the Drop Tower and Marker
distance of this marker); Hohes Schloss Füssen „Lange Stiege" / High Castle Füssen "Long Staircase" (within shouting distance of this marker); Annakapelle / Anna Chapel (within shouting distance of this marker); Unter den Bögen Haus / Under the Arches House (within shouting distance of this marker); Basilika St. Mang / St. Mang Monastery (within shouting distance of this marker). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Füssen.
 
Also see . . .  Füssen – The romantic soul of Bavaria. Füssen Tourismus und Marketing (Submitted on September 3, 2024, by James Hulse of Medina, Texas.) 
 
The view of the Drop Tower in the courtyard image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 24, 2024
3. The view of the Drop Tower in the courtyard
The view of the courtyard of the High Castle at Füssen image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 24, 2024
4. The view of the courtyard of the High Castle at Füssen
 
 
Credits. This page was last revised on September 3, 2024. It was originally submitted on September 2, 2024, by James Hulse of Medina, Texas. This page has been viewed 232 times since then and 56 times this year. Photos:   1, 2, 3, 4. submitted on September 3, 2024, by James Hulse of Medina, Texas.
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Jul. 11, 2026