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Olde Towne in Portsmouth, Virginia — The American South (Mid-Atlantic)
 

William Flora

1755(?)-1820

— Revolutionary War Hero and Free Black Citizen of Portsmouth —

 
 
William Flora Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by C. Ryan Dodson, April 10, 2026
1. William Flora Marker
Inscription.
William "Billy" Flora was born free in the vicinity of Portsmouth, Virginia around 1755. Little is known of his life prior to 1775. In that year he volunteered to fight in Col. William Woodford's Second Virginia Regiment. Flora is considered a hero of the Battle of Great Bridge because of the valor he displayed against the troops of Lord Dunmore, the last Colonial Governor of Virginia.

The Battle of Great Bridge on December 9, 1775, was the first major land battle of the Revolutionary War on Virginia soil. The Virginia forces were entrenched behind a brestwork when Lord Dunmore attacked. Amid a shower of musket balls, Flora was the last sentinel to withdraw into the brestwork. It was described thus:

Other troops had quitted their stations as the enemy was crossing the bridge, and one person kept his ground until he had fired eight times, and after receiving the fire of a whole platoon made his escape over the causeway into the brestwork.

The Virginia victory cut off the main supply route to North Carolina and without supplies the British ships departed Norfolk and Portsmouth. As a result of the Patriot victory and subsequent events, the Virginia Convention on May 15, 1776, instructed its delegates to Philadelphia to propose and vote for independence.

After the
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British surrender at Yorktown, Flora prospered in Portsmouth. He built considerable wealth and owned several properties. His main business was a livery stable, where he rented out horses and carriages. It was located one block from here at the corner of Queen and Middle streets.

Flora purchased the freedom of his wife and child. A second child was later born to them. The names of his wife and two children remain unknown. It is believed that Flora died in Portsmouth in 1820. He was a Hero of the American Revolution, a wealthy businessman and a respected member of the community. He will long be remembered for his good character and bravery.
 
Erected 2010 by Olde Towne Foundation.
 
Topics. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: African AmericansWar, US Revolutionary. A significant historical date for this entry is December 9, 1775.
 
Location. 36° 50.211′ N, 76° 17.96′ W. Marker is in Portsmouth, Virginia. It is in Olde Towne. It is at the intersection of London Street and Middle Street, on the right when traveling east on London Street. The monument is near the northwest corner of the Middle Street Parking Garage. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 441 Middle Street, Portsmouth VA 23704, United States of America. Touch for directions.

Regionally, this marker is in Virginia’s Hampton Roads, specifically in Coastal Virginia, and in the Hampton Roads Metropolitan Area. It is also in the American South, specifically in the Upper South, and in the Tidewater. Globally, it is in the North Atlantic Region, North America, the Western Hemisphere, the Western World, and the Anglosphere. Historically, it finds itself in what was once the territory of the Mississippian Culture, one of the original Thirteen Colonies, one of the Confederate States of America, and the Antebellum South.

Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker: Ball House (within shouting distance of this marker); The Pass House & Gardens
William Flora Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Evan Dwyer, October 18, 2025
2. William Flora Marker
(about 300 feet away, measured in a direct line); Court Street Baptist Church (about 400 feet away); Crawford House (about 500 feet away); a different marker also named Court Street Baptist Church (about 500 feet away); Pre-Fabricated Houses (about 500 feet away); Commemorating the Visit of Lafayette (about 600 feet away); Col. William Craford (about 600 feet away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Portsmouth.
 
Related marker. Click here for another marker that is related to this marker. The linked marker at Great Bridge Battlefield expands upon his deeds there.
 
William Flora Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Evan Dwyer, October 18, 2025
3. William Flora Marker
William Flora Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by C. Ryan Dodson, April 10, 2026
4. William Flora Marker
Great Bridge Battlefield "Billy" Flora Display image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Evan Dwyer, August 7, 2025
5. Great Bridge Battlefield "Billy" Flora Display
Great Bridge Causeway Replica image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Evan Dwyer, August 7, 2025
6. Great Bridge Causeway Replica
The causeway Billy Flora defended was narrow and surrounded by low-lying marsh, making him a singular target for the advancing British. This replica at the Great Bridge battlefield illustrates the width of the causeway and its construction methods.
Original Causeway Site image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Evan Dwyer, August 7, 2025
7. Original Causeway Site
The remains of the original causeway survive beneath the topsoil in this location at Great Bridge Battlefield. Billy Flora's famous stand occurred along this original causeway section, but facing in the opposite direction of the camera - his retreat to the rebel breastwork would have been in the direction this view shows.
 
 
Credits. This page was last revised on April 13, 2026. It was originally submitted on February 10, 2026, by Evan Dwyer of Richmond, Virginia. This page has been viewed 68 times since then. Photos:   1. submitted on April 12, 2026, by C. Ryan Dodson of Danville, Virginia.   2, 3. submitted on February 10, 2026, by Evan Dwyer of Richmond, Virginia.   4. submitted on April 12, 2026, by C. Ryan Dodson of Danville, Virginia.   5, 6, 7. submitted on February 10, 2026, by Evan Dwyer of Richmond, Virginia. • Devry Becker Jones was the editor who published this page.
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Jun. 25, 2026