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Scotland in St. Mary's County, Maryland — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
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Smallpox Epidemic

 
 
Smallpox Epidemic Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Don Morfe, March 11, 2012
1. Smallpox Epidemic Marker
Inscription. Near this location during the Civil War was the smallpox hospital where thousands of people were quarantined.

Highly contagious, horrible to behold and often fatal, smallpox was a dreaded disease. When the scourge hit the prison camp, officials built this second hospital to isolate victims. Whether you were Union, Confederate or civilian, you were quarantined here.

Surgeons, hospital stewards and nursing sisters from the Daughters of Charity cared for the smallpox patients so well that some survivors preferred the hospital to the prison camp. But many did not survive. Some 1200 people died from smallpox and were buried in a separate cemetery, isolated even in death.

An Advantage of Isolation
Isolation in the smallpox hospital could have unexpected benefits. Located on the far edge of camp, the hospital was poorly guarded because soldiers, fearful of disease, kept their distance. The small pox hospital became a point of escape for Confederate prisoners of war.

Dr. E.S. Bronson, a surgeon from the 2nd New Hampshire regiment, was one of the trained military doctors who provided care at the small pox hospital. Asst. Surgeon Sylvanius Bunton of the 2nd New Hampshire Volunteers was the senior medical officer when the smallpox epidemic broke out.
 
Topics. This historical marker is listed in these topic
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lists: Science & MedicineWar, US Civil. A significant historical year for this entry is 1200.
 
Location. This marker has been replaced by another marker nearby. It was located near 38° 2.562′ N, 76° 19.29′ W. Marker was in Scotland, Maryland, in St. Mary's County. It was on Maryland Route 5. The marker is located on the grounds of the Point Lookout State Park. Touch for map. Marker was in this post office area: Scotland MD 20687, United States of America. Touch for directions.

Regionally, this marker was in Southern Maryland. It was also in the American South, specifically in the Upper South, in the Mid-Atlantic, in the Tidewater, and in the Chesapeake Bay Region. Globally, it was in the North Atlantic Region, North America, the Western Hemisphere, the Western World, and the Anglosphere. Historically, it found itself in what was once one of the original Thirteen Colonies and also the Antebellum South.

Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this location: Eastern Oyster / Ostra Oriental (about 700 feet away); A Place of History / Un Lugar de Historia (about 700 feet away); Hammond General Hospital (approx. 0.2 miles away); Point Lookout-Hammond Hospital (approx. 0.2 miles away); a different marker also named Hammond General Hospital (approx. Ό mile away); Welcome to Point Lookout (approx. Ό mile away); Light's On at Point Lookout (approx. Ό mile away); The Wharf (approx. Ό mile away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Scotland.
 
Other markers no longer nearby. Death at Point Lookout (was here, next to this marker but has been replaced with another marker now near it); A Place of History (was about 400 feet away, measured in a direct
Smallpox Epidemic Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Don Morfe, March 11, 2012
2. Smallpox Epidemic Marker
line but has been replaced with another marker now near it); Defense Strategies (was approx. 0.2 miles away but has been replaced with another marker now near it); A Bustling Civil War Community (was approx. 0.2 miles away but has been permanently removed); John Wilkes Booth (was approx. 0.2 miles away but has been permanently removed); Point Lookout State Park (was approx. 0.2 miles away but has been permanently removed); Let There Be Light (was approx. Ό mile away but has been permanently removed).
 
Smallpox Epidemic Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Don Morfe, March 11, 2012
3. Smallpox Epidemic Marker
Dr. E.S. Bronson image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Allen C. Browne, January 15, 2012
4. Dr. E.S. Bronson
Dr. E.S. Bronson, a surgeon from the 2nd New Hampshire regiment, was one of the trained military doctors who provided care at the small pox hospital.
Close-up of photo on marker
Sylvanius Bunton image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Allen C. Browne, January 15, 2012
5. Sylvanius Bunton
Asst. Surgeon Sylvanius Bunton of the 2nd New Hampshire Volunteers was the senior medical officer when the smallpox epidemic broke out.
Close-up of photo on marker
Hospital & Military Prison at Point Lookout image. Click for full size.
Photographed by Allen C. Browne, January 7, 2013
6. Hospital & Military Prison at Point Lookout
by Rev. A. B. Cross, U. S. Christian Committee
Close-up of map on marker
 
 
Credits. This page was last revised on April 13, 2026. It was originally submitted on October 14, 2012, by Don Morfe of Baltimore, Maryland. This page has been viewed 1,017 times since then and 30 times this year. Photos:   1, 2, 3. submitted on October 14, 2012, by Don Morfe of Baltimore, Maryland.   4, 5, 6. submitted on January 23, 2017, by Allen C. Browne of Silver Spring, Maryland. • Craig Swain was the editor who published this page.
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Jun. 27, 2026