Near Relay in Baltimore County, Maryland — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)

Masterpiece of the Early B&O Railroad

Photographed By F. Robby, July 1, 2008

1. Masterpiece of the Early B&O Railroad Marker

Inscription.

Masterpiece of the Early B&O Railroad. . Before you stands the thomas Viaduct, named after Philip E. Thomas, the first president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. This unique bridge has become an enduring symbol of the B&O Railroad and the Patapsco Valley, surviving several floods and outlasting many modern structures., In 1833, B&O engineers sough to build a first-class railroad line with gentle curves and low grades from Baltimore to Washington D.C. Spanning the cavernous Patapsco Valley was a formidable challenge. Benjamin latrobe, Jr. not only met this obstacle, but designed an engineering marvel., Completed in July 1835, the Thomas Viaduct was among the largest stone-arched bridges in the world. The 704 foot curved bridge is 66 feet hight and connects Relay to Elkridge on eight eliptical arches. Though critics thought it incapable of bearing itw own weight, the viaduct not only carried the first steam locomotives, but also continues to support modern-day trains., The Real Heroes, Hundreds of immigrant workers built the Thomas Viaduct under the hard-driven direction of John McCartney. Working for low wages and living in improvise shantytowns, the laborers used hand tools, wheelbarrows, primitive pulleys, along with sweat and muscles to hoist 63,000 tons of granit into place. Several workers were killed building the Thomas Viaduct., Civil War Chokepoint, Prior to 1872, the B&O's Washington Branch was the federal capital's only direct rail and telegraph link with the North. During the Civil War, protecting this connection proved critical to the Union war effort. To discourage Confederate raiders and saboteurs, Union troops began a four-year occupation of Relay and Elkridge in 1861 to protect the railroad. Union General Benjamin F. Butler used the camp at Relay as a staging area for his occupation of Baltimore's Federal Hill, securing the city for the Union. . This historical marker was erected by Maryland Departing of Natural Resources, Chesapeake Bay Gateways Network. It is Near Relay in Baltimore County Maryland

Before you stands the thomas Viaduct, named after Philip E. Thomas, the first president of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. This unique bridge has become an enduring symbol of the B&O Railroad and the Patapsco Valley, surviving several floods and outlasting many modern structures.

In 1833, B&O engineers sough to build a first-class railroad line with gentle curves and low grades from Baltimore to Washington D.C. Spanning the cavernous Patapsco Valley was a formidable challenge. Benjamin latrobe, Jr. not only met this obstacle, but designed an engineering marvel.

Completed in July 1835, the Thomas Viaduct was among the largest stone-arched bridges in the world. The 704 foot curved bridge is 66 feet hight and connects Relay to Elkridge on eight eliptical arches. Though critics thought it incapable of bearing itw own weight, the viaduct not only carried the first steam locomotives, but also continues to support modern-day trains.

The Real Heroes

Hundreds of immigrant workers built the Thomas Viaduct under the hard-driven direction of John McCartney. Working for low wages and living in improvise
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shantytowns, the laborers used hand tools, wheelbarrows, primitive pulleys, along with sweat and muscles to hoist 63,000 tons of granit into place. Several workers were killed building the Thomas Viaduct.

Civil War Chokepoint

Prior to 1872, the B&O's Washington Branch was the federal capital's only direct rail and telegraph link with the North. During the Civil War, protecting this connection proved critical to the Union war effort. To discourage Confederate raiders and saboteurs, Union troops began a four-year occupation of Relay and Elkridge in 1861 to protect the railroad. Union General Benjamin F. Butler used the camp at Relay as a staging area for his occupation of Baltimore's Federal Hill, securing the city for the Union.

Erected by Maryland Departing of Natural Resources, Chesapeake Bay Gateways Network.

Topics and series. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Bridges & Viaducts • Communications • Industry & Commerce • Railroads & Streetcars • War, US Civil. In addition, it is included in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) series list. A significant historical month for this entry is July 1835.

Location. 39° 13.34′ N, 76° 42.708′ W. Marker is near Relay, Maryland, in Baltimore County. Marker can

Photographed By F. Robby, July 1, 2008

2. Masterpiece of the Early B&O Railroad Marker

Roadway in foreground is the PVSP main road, to the left of which is the park gate building and the Masterpiece marker.

be reached from the intersection of Washington Boulevard (U.S. 1) and South Street. Marker is within the Patapsco Valley State Park - Avalon area, just in front of the park gate building. Entrance to PVSP is about 300 feet north of the US 1 - South Street intersection. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Halethorpe MD 21227, United States of America. Touch for directions.

Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. A Rural Vacation Spot (here, next to this marker); During the Civil War (within shouting distance of this marker); The Thomas Viaduct (about 300 feet away, measured in a direct line); The Relay House (about 700 feet away); Elk Ridge Landing (approx. 0.4 miles away); World War II (approx. 0.4 miles away); Great War (approx. half a mile away); Patapsco Valley State Park (approx. half a mile away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Relay.

More about this marker. The marker is about 300 feet east of the base of the viaduct. The track level can only be reach by foot from the park roadway. Alternative path to track level is via Lawyers Hill Road, just south of its intersection with Levering Avenue and River Road in Elkridge, Maryland. A Thomas Viaduct obelisk marker is on the north side of the viaduct with can be reached by a short walk from the intersection of Railroad and Viaduct avenues in Relay, Maryland.

Track Level and Viaduct Marker image. Click for full size.

Photographed By F. Robby, July 1, 2008

3. Track Level and Viaduct Marker

The Thomas Viaduct marker stands at track level on the north end of the viaduct.

View North from the Viaduct image. Click for full size.

Photographed By F. Robby, July 1, 2008

4. View North from the Viaduct

The silted Patapsco Valley, with I-895 bridge over Washington Boulevard (US 1) in the far distance.

View South from the Viaduct image. Click for full size.

Photographed By F. Robby, July 1, 2008

5. View South from the Viaduct

The roadway on the right is the PVSP main drive, and the I-95 bridges over the Patapsco River are in the far distance.

Credits. This page was last revised on June 16, 2016. It was originally submitted on July 5, 2008, by F. Robby of Baltimore, Maryland. This page has been viewed 3,856 times since then and 94 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. submitted on July 5, 2008, by F. Robby of Baltimore, Maryland.