Cumberland Township near Gettysburg in Adams County, Pennsylvania — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
Third Corps
— Army of the Potomac —
Third Corps
Major General Daniel E. Sickles
Major General David B. Birney
July 1. This Corps was at Emmitsburg, complying with General Howard's urgent request received at 3.10 p.m. General Sickles marched his Corps except two Brigades and two Batteries to Gettysburg.
July 2. At daybreak these troops rejoined the Corps massed on the left of Cemetery Ridge.
During the forenoon the Confederates advanced toward the Union left. A reconnaissance disclosed their formation in three columns. Buford's Cavalry Division on the left flank had been withdrawn. About 2 p.m. this Corps, then the extreme left of the Union line changed front to check the enemy until the 5th Corps could march from the Union right and occupy the Round Tops. The 3rd Corps about 9800 men, formed line of battle from Plum Run to the Peach Orchard, thence along the Emmitsburg Road 300 yards past the Roger House, Birney's Division on left and Humphrey's Division along Emmitsburg Road against three Divisions, about 17000 strong under Longstreet. The Confederate batteries opened about 3 o'clock, the Infantry advancing soon after against the 3rd Corps left, following an oblique order of battle at 5.45 p.m. the enemy attacked the 3rd Corps left centre. Reinforcements repulsed this attack and occupied the Round Tops, relieving Birney's Division except at the Peach Orchard. About 6.30 p.m. the 3rd Corps centre at the Peach Orchard was broken after a stubborn resistance, uncovering the left of Humphreys' Division which changed front and slowly retired following Birney to Cemetery Ridge and again advancing to the Emmitsburg Road, held that line until morning the battle continuing until 7.30 p.m.
General Sickles was severely wounded about 6 o'clock. General Birney taking command.
July 3 In support of the left centre on Cemetery Ridge.
Casualties 593 killed, 3029 wounded and 589 missing. Total 4211.
Erected 1907 by Gettysburg National Military Park Commission.
Topics. This historical marker is listed in this topic list: War, US Civil. A significant historical date for this entry is July 2, 1863.
Location. 39° 48.086′ N, 77° 14.999′ W. Marker is near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, in Adams County. It is in Cumberland Township. Marker is at the intersection of Wheatfield Road and Emmitsburg Road (Business U.S. 15), on the right when traveling east on Wheatfield Road. Located near stop 10, the Peach Orchard, on the driving tour of Gettysburg National Military Park. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Gettysburg PA 17325, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. Second Division (here, next to this marker); First Division (here, next to this marker); Artillery Brigade (a few steps from this marker); Battery G, 1st N.Y. Light Artillery (a few steps from this marker); Barksdale's Brigade (a few steps from this marker); Battery C, Pennsylvania Light Artillery (within shouting distance of this marker); 63rd Pennsylvania Infantry (within shouting distance of this marker); Battery F, Pennsylvania Light Artillery (within shouting distance of this marker). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Gettysburg.
Also see . . . Reports of Maj. Gen. David B. Birney. Birney assumed command of the Corps in the middle of the fighting. His summary of that change, written a month after the battle, does little to convey stress of the situation, however:
At 6 o'clock I found Major-General Sickles seriously wounded, and, at his request, took command of the troops. I immediately visited Humphreys' division, and, finding that the enemy, advancing through a gap in the line of my division, would take it in reverse, I ordered a change of front. General Humphreys accomplished this promptly under a most effective artillery and musketry fire, and, advancing his division rapidly, recaptured several batteries that the enemy had temporary possession of. (Submitted on October 26, 2008, by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia.)
Credits. This page was last revised on February 7, 2023. It was originally submitted on October 26, 2008, by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia. This page has been viewed 974 times since then and 8 times this year. Photos: 1. submitted on October 26, 2008, by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia. 2. submitted on October 25, 2008, by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia. 3. submitted on October 26, 2008, by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia.