Alton in Madison County, Illinois — The American Midwest (Great Lakes)
Lincoln-Douglas Debates!
Lincoln's Rise to Prominence
For a decade, the Illinois U.S. Senate seat was held by Stephen A. Douglas, one of the most famous politicians of his time. That is, until a little-known country lawyer named Abraham Lincoln challenged him to a series of debates.
The seventh and final took place in front of Alton's old city hall on October 15, 1858. The Alton debate drew national attention and about 6,000 visitors from across Illinois and neighboring states. It summarized the arguments that began four months before.
Douglas spoke first, repeating his belief in the doctrine of Popular Sovereignty, the right of each state to do as it pleased about slavery and other issues. Lincoln asserted that it was the struggle between two eternal principles—right and wrong.
"A house divided
against itself
cannot stand.
I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free."
—Abraham Lincoln
"Our
Government
can endure
forever, divided
into Free and Slave States as
our fathers made it."
—Stephen A. Douglas
Who Won the Debate?
Douglas won the senate seat, but the debates launched Lincoln into the national spotlight. Just two years later, Lincoln beat Douglas in the 1860 presidential election.
Topics and series. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Abolition & Underground RR • Government & Politics. In addition, it is included in the Former U.S. Presidents: #16 Abraham Lincoln, and the Looking for Lincoln series lists. A significant historical date for this entry is October 15, 1858.
Location. 38° 53.393′ N, 90° 11.139′ W. Marker is in Alton, Illinois, in Madison County. It is on Market Street south of West Broadway, on the left when traveling north. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 100 Market Street, Alton IL 62002, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Regionally, this marker is in Greater St. Louis. It is also in the American Midwest, in the Lewis & Clark Corridor, in the Corn Belt, and in the Great River Road Region. Globally, it is in North America, the Western Hemisphere, the Western World, and the Anglosphere. Historically, it finds itself in what was once the territory of the Mississippian Culture and also the Northwest Territory.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker: Discover History All Around Alton (here, next to this marker); Lincoln-Douglas Debate, Alton (within shouting distance of this marker); Ryder Building (about 300 feet away, measured in a direct line); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (about 500 feet away); Miles Davis (about 600 feet away); Setting the Stage for the Great Debate (approx. 0.2 miles away); Alton & Sangamon Railroad (approx. 0.2 miles away); After The War (approx. Ό mile away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Alton.
Also see . . . The Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858 (NPS)

Photographed by Devry Becker Jones (CC0), April 24, 2019
4. Additional signage commemorating the closing Lincoln-Douglas Debate
Credits. This page was last revised on September 17, 2025. It was originally submitted on May 2, 2019, by Devry Becker Jones of Washington, District of Columbia. This page has been viewed 580 times since then and 43 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. submitted on May 2, 2019, by Devry Becker Jones of Washington, District of Columbia.




