Birmingham in Jefferson County, Alabama — The American South (East South Central)
Alabama's Rebel Yell
March Route for Education
— Birmingham Civil Rights Heritage Trail —
Photographed By Mark Hilton, December 5, 2021
1. Alabama's Rebel Yell Marker
Inscription.
Alabama's Rebel Yell. March Route for Education. Southern members of the U.S. Congress in 1956 issued the "Southern Manifesto” that called the U.S. Supreme Court's Brown decision an "abuse of judicial power." By forcing public school integration contrary to social custom, the high court had replaced "friendship and understanding" between the races with “hatred and suspicion," it said. In 1956, the Alabama Legislature adopted a resolution saying the Supreme Court's decisions affecting the separation of the races were “as a matter of right, null, void of no effect.” Alabama lawmaker Albert Boutwell (who became Birmingham's mayor in 1963) wrote the 1956 Pupil Placement Act, an amendment to the Alabama Constitution, which gave White parents and school administrators ways to avoid racially mixing students. Thus, Southern politicians ignored the federal court's 1954 Brown decision and did very little to integrate public schools.
Southern members of the U.S. Congress in 1956 issued the "Southern Manifesto” that called the U.S. Supreme Court's Brown decision an "abuse of judicial power." By forcing public school integration contrary to social custom,
the high court had replaced "friendship and understanding" between the
races with “hatred and suspicion," it said. In 1956, the Alabama Legislature
adopted a resolution saying the Supreme Court's decisions affecting the
separation of the races were “as a matter of right, null, void of no effect.”
Alabama lawmaker Albert Boutwell (who became Birmingham's mayor in
1963) wrote the 1956 Pupil Placement Act, an amendment to the Alabama
Constitution, which gave White parents and school administrators ways to
avoid racially mixing students. Thus, Southern politicians ignored the federal
court's 1954 Brown decision and did very little to integrate public schools.
Erected by the Birmingham Civil Rights Heritage Trail. (Marker Number D6.)
48.407′ W. Marker is in Birmingham, Alabama, in Jefferson County. Marker is on 22nd Street North south of 7th Avenue North, on the right when traveling south. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Birmingham AL 35203, United States of America. Touch for directions.
More about this marker. The 2nd "paired" marker is missing. You can see the mounting bolts in the sidewalk in photo #3. It went missing (removed) sometime after Feb. 2020.
Regarding Alabama's Rebel Yell. The Civil Rights Activist Committee “Home of the Foot Soldiers“ is the Information Center for the Birmingham Civil Rights Heritage Trail.
Photographed By Mark Hilton, December 5, 2021
2. Alabama's Rebel Yell Marker
Photographed By Mark Hilton, December 5, 2021
3. Closeup of bolts showing location of missing "paired" marker.
Credits. This page was last revised on January 8, 2022. It was originally submitted on December 7, 2021, by Mark Hilton of Montgomery, Alabama. This page has been viewed 169 times since then and 23 times this year. Photos:1, 2, 3. submitted on December 7, 2021, by Mark Hilton of Montgomery, Alabama.
Editor’s want-list for this marker. Photo of "paired" Alabama's Rebel Yell" marker (with text). • Can you help?